Fritzie Ann G.

Dimatira
BSIT4A
Population - the total number of persons inhabiting a country, city, or any district orarea,
the body of inhabitants of a place;
the number or body of inhabitants in a place belonging to a specificsocial, cultural, socioeconom
ic, ethnic, or racial subgroup. (dictionary.com)
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
any of various diseases or infections (as syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and genital herpes)
that are usually transmitted by direct sexual contact and that include some (as hepatitis B and
AIDS) that may be contracted by other than sexual means. (Merriam-Webster)
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a chronic, potentially life-threatening condition
caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). By damaging your immune
system, HIV interferes with your body's ability to fight the organisms that cause disease. HIV is
a sexually transmitted infection. (mayoclinic.org
Family planning allows individuals and couples to anticipate and attain their desired number of
children and the spacing and timing of their births. It is achieved through use of contraceptive
methods and the treatment of involuntary infertility. A womans ability to space and limit her
pregnancies has a direct impact on her health and well-being as well as on the outcome of each
pregnancy. (who.int)
Natural family planning method includes the temperature method, calendar method, cervical
mucus method, lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) and coitus interruptus, or the withdrawal
method. (open.edu)
Artificial Methods of Birth Control
Birth control pills have three distinct mechanisms:
1) May Suppress Ovulation: A woman ovulates when her pituitary gland, located at the base of
the brain, releases hormones that stimulate her ovaries to discharge an ovum (egg). The
Combination Pill may interrupt the release of these pituitary hormones, preventing the ovaries
from releasing an ovum. Without an ovum available for conception, a woman has been
essentially rendered chemically sterile.
2) May Impede Sperm Migration: Before a woman ovulates her cervix produces mucus through
which sperm migrate to meet the ovum. The mucus also provides nourishment to sustain the life
of the sperm. When a woman is under the influence of progestin the mucus thickens, which
impedes sperm migration.
3) May Inhibit Implantation: If the Pill fails to prevent pregnancy with one of the first two actions,
the union of the ovum with the sperm (conception) will result in the creation of human life. Five
to six days later this new human being will attempt to implant in the endometrium (the lining of
the uterus). The progestin component of the combination and mini pill causes the lining of the
uterus to be thin, which makes it inhospitable to the newly conceived life. This leads to a
chemically-induced miscarriage (abortion).

Familyplanning.net

The male reproductive system

The male reproductive system includes internal and external organs.
A male's reproductive system enables him to produce the horomone
testosterone, to produce and transport sperm and semen and to
release sperm within the female reproductive tract during sexual
intercourse.
Internal organs of the male reproductive system
Vas deferens: the vas deferens transports semen, fluid that contains sperm

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Urethra: The urethra carries urine and semen through the penis and outside the
body. The urethra does not carry both urine and seme at the same time. When the penis
is erect, only semen can be carried through the urethra.

Prostate gland: The prostate gland produces flud that helps nourish sperm. The
urethra runs through the middle of the prostate gland.

Seminal vesicles: Seminal vesicles produce a fluid that provides energy to

sperm to help them move.

Bulbourethral glands: Bulbourethral glands are also known as cowper's glands.

These glands produce a fluid that lubricates the urethra and neutralizes any acidity in the
urethra due to urine residue.

External organs of the male reproductive system

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Penis: The penis is the male's external organ used in sexual intercourse. It has
three parts:

The root: attaches the penis to the wall of the abdomen

The shaft: the body of the penis

The glans: also called the head, the glans is the end of the penis.

The opening of the urethra is at the tip of the penis.

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Scrotum: the scrotum is a sac of skin that contains the testicles.

Testicles: The testicles, or testes, produce testosterone, the primary male sex
hormone. Seminiferous tubles inside the testes produce sperm.

Epididymis: Located on the backside of each testicle, the epididymis is a coiled

tube that stores sperm.

The female reproductive system

The internal organs of the female reproductive system consist of:
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Vagina: Also known as "the birth canal," the vagina

is a narrow canal that joins the cervix to the outside of the
body.

Mons pubis: The mons pubis is a fleshy area located

above the top of the vaginal opening.
Hymen: The hymen is a thin tissue that partially covers the opening of the

vagina.
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Bartholin's glands: Located beside the vaginal opening, Bartholin's glands

produce a fluid secretion.
Cervix: The cervix is the lower part of the uterus.
Uterus: The uterus is the hollow organ that holds the developing fetus during
pregnancy. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus and the corpus is the main part of
the uterus. The corpus expands to hold the developing baby.
Urethra: The urethra carries urine from the bladder to outside the body.

Clitoris: The clitoris is located where the two labia minora meet. It is small and
sensitive, and contains erectile tissue, like the male's penis.

Fallopian tubes: The fallopian tubes are attached to the upper part of the uterus
and carry the egg from the ovaries to the uterus. The fertilization of an egg by a male's
sperm usually happens in the fallopian tubes.

Ovaries: The ovaries are two, oval-shaped organs that are located on either
side of the uterus. The ovaries produce eggs and hormones.

External organs of the female reproductive system

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Vulva: Vulva means "covering" and is the collective name given to the female's
external organs. The outer parts of the vulva cover the opening of the vagina.

Labia majora: The labia majora protect the female's other reproductive organs.
After puberty, the labia majora are covered with hair.

Labia minora: The labia minora are located inside the labia majora and
surround the openings to the vagina and the urethra.

Breasts: Breasts are part of the female reproductive system. Inside the breasts
are mammary glands, which, after childbirth, secrete milk for the baby.

Lifespan.org