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PROJECT ON
BACHELOR OF COMMERCE
(BANKING & INSURANCE)
SEMESTER V
(2015-16)
SUBMITTED BY
ROLL NO. :
PROJECT GUIDE
PROF. (Mrs.)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Miss/Mr.
Principal
Dr. Usha Mukundan
DECLARATION
I,
Signature of Student
Name of the Student:
Roll No. :
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Almighty for having showered
his immense blessing on me and has enabled to complete this research work.
I would also like express my heartfelt gratitude to our Principal Dr. Usha
Mukundan, who has given me opportunity to conduct this study.
My guide also deserves sincere thanks that she has given me her guidance
throughout the project and made it a success.
My parents have been a backbone to me in completing this Project and my
friends who extended their constant support during my study also deserve
heartfelt thanks.
INDEX
1
SR. NO.
TOPIC
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
PAGE NO.
Index
Introduction
Automated Teller Machine (ATMs) has gained prominence as a
delivery channel for banking transactions in India. Banks have been deploying
ATMs to increase
More people are now moving towards using the automated teller
machines (ATM) for their banking needs. According to a survey by Banknet
India, 95% people now prefer this modern channel to traditional mode of
banking. Almost 60% people use an ATM at least once a week.
Increased ATM usage is also helped by the fact that customers have
now the flexibility of using ATMs of other banks, as most of the banks are part
of major interbank networks like National Financial Switch (NFS), Cashtree and
cashnet. The interbank networks have brought together ATMSs of several banks
so that consumers would gain access to any of the participating banks ATMs.
Banks find it cheaper to pay membership fees to these networks as against
setting up additional units in expensive to deploy areas.
ATMs are now seen to be more than mere cash dispensing machines.
Customers use ATMs to recharge their mobile phone prepaid connections, pay
their utility bills even Mutual fund transactions making them at par with
flexibility given in internet banking only more secure. Of the value-added
services provided at ATMs, bill payment is the most used service, followed by
prepaid mobile talk-time recharges. However, still about one third of the
respondents do not use any value-added services at ATMs.
The ATM market in India is not yet saturated. Though the
concentrations of ATMs are greater in metros, the demand is increasing for other
cities and even rural areas. ATMs per million people approximately are 33 units
are very low. Experts forecast that the growth rate. I is expected to grow 18
percent up by 2013. Banks going into a self service model can have huge saving
potential for banks and may also increase convenience for the customers.
1.2 History
The first Automated Teller Machine (ATM) was introduced in the
year 1967 by BNarclays Bank in Enfield Town in North London. At that time a
few would have anticipated excess in ATMs. Then many years after, the aim was
to shift people off the teller lines thus lowering a banks distribution costs and
increase efficiency. But in the 1980s, it was notified that people continued to
visit branches, though not as frequently, so that with the costs of ATMs, overall
distribution costs were actually rising.
Then, in the 1990s, came surcharges, which fuelled the proliferation
of off-premises ATMs, which led in turn to the current overcapacity. There was a
slowdown in ATM transactions, partially because of the consumers reaction to
the imposition of purchase. Also by the advent of surcharging there was a
massive growth in the number of ATMs as it offered ATM owners revenues
making it economical to install ATMs where they might not have been placed
otherwise.
As is often the as with inventions, many inventors contribute to
the history of an invention. In the case of the ATM, Don Wetzel invented the first
successful and modern ATM in the USA, however he was not first inventor to
create an ATM. In 1939, Luther George Simjian started patenting an earlier and
not-so-successful version of an ATM.
Count
Responses
% of cases
34
18.7
34
54
29.7
54
50
27.5
50
42
23.1
42
1.1
180
100
182
purpose
Availability
of
Analysis that can be made from the table and the graph is that
the main purpose why people possess ATM card is to deal with the emergency
purpose, 54% of the respondents had emergency purpose as a reason to possess
ATM card 50% of respondents responded availability as reason and 42% had 24hour accessibility as reason for processing ATM card. According to 34% of
respondents the processed the ATM card as bank offered the card free.
19%
27%
Other reasons 1%
30%
With the new platform, ATMs are on their way to becoming electronic
convenience kiosks, capable of event and airline ticketing, electronic bill
payment, and connecting to an alternate host via the internet.
With ATMs becoming such a formidable delivery channel, banks are
weighing whether to configure their ATMs to do more than just standard cash
withdrawals.
ATM Magazine
An online magazine aimed at the ATM industry, where you can read about
the latest innovations in ATM technology.
The banks are offering various services like cash withdrawal, fund transfer,
balance enquiry, etc.
The banks have tie ups in between them for sharing of their services this may
be bilateral or multilateral by way of consortium like SWADHAN.
perform the cell routing from the input ports of the switch to the destination port
in real time and in parallel for the ports.
For data transport ATM uses packets with a fixed length of 53
bytes, the so-called cells. These cells can be processed significantly faster and
more efficiently in switching systems than data packets of variable length.
Because of the cell structure, a massive parallel architecture of ATM switching
systems is possible. Since all cells have the same length, all data units which
wait at the input ports of a switch for transportation at a given time, can be
routed simultaneously to their destination port.
ATM can handle all of today's data services (telephone, data, videobroadcast and interactive) in an efficient way.
AAL TYPE 5:
The AAL type 5 sub layer amounts to a greatly simplifier
implementation of AAL3/4.
2.6 TYPES OF ATM CELL
As well as dividing into UNI and NNI cells, ATM cells can be
further allocated one of four categories: Idle cells, unassigned cells, Physical
layer OAM cells and VP/VC cells.
Idle cells:
1
Idle cells allow the cell rate to be adjusted to the transfer medium
bandwidth. If there are not enough cells to fill bandwidth provided idle cells are
transmitted. This achieves synchronization with the transmission speed of the
physical medium. Idle cells are not passed to the ATM layer.
Un-assigned cells:
Unassigned cells are cells that have a VPI or VCI value but a
blank data field.
Physical layer OAM cells:
For direct cell transfer on the cell based physical layer, every 27 tl cell is
used to transfer OAM information concerning the physical layer. After receipt by
the physical layer, these cells are not passed on to the ATM layer.
VP/VC cells:
The cells used for communication within virtual channels
or paths can be subdivided into six functional groups. Cells for
transmission of user data, cells for media signaling, cells for broadband
signaling, VC OAM cells SMDS/CBDS cells, ILMI(Interim Local
Management Interface Specification) cells.
by many times , and all the user channels that are to be connected can be fully
processed..
Basic Functions of ATM Switching Units:
An ATM switching unit has two basic jobs:
To identify and analyze the channel and path identifiers ( VPI/VCI) in the
ATM cell.
To Transport the ATM cell from one of the units input ports ti the 'output
port that takes the ATM cell to its intended destination.
There are two main types of ATM switching units:
VP Switching or cross-connects.
VC Switches.
Cross Connects (VP Switches):
ATMs cross-connects terminate incoming paths and transfers them -along
with all the channels in the
efficient use of memory switching elements with central memory topology are
used particularly in the large switching units with a large number of input and
output ports.
Switching Networks
The switching Structure itself is made up of Switching networks , which
link up the individual switching elements, give the central importance of the
architecture of switching networks to the performance of switching fabrics,
numerous research projects have been carried out in this area over recent years
,the aim of all this research was to achieve the highest possible throughput rates
at the lowest level of integrated circuits .the following are the different network
topologies.
1. The Shuffle Exchange Network.
2. The Extended Switching Matrix Network.
3. Banyan Networks.
4. Benes Networks.
5. Parallel Banyan Networks.
6. Distribution Networks.
Cell Routing In Switching Networks
There are two methods of routing cells along the different transmission
paths inside switching networks:
1.Self-Routing .
2.Table-Controlled Routing.
Self-Routing :
In Self-Routing an additional header-
specific to the element -is added to the front of cells containing coding for the
transmission path along which the cell is to be sent .If the Switching network is
constructed from n stages, this header will contain n sub-fields giving the path
selection at each of the nodes in the switching network .Because of the additional
header, the internal processing speed must be increased in proportion o the
length of the Self-Routing header is five bytes.
Congestion Control:
Traffic shaping.
Sending congestion messages to remote station.
Management of Network Capacity:
The management of network capacity is implemented by means of path
management this allows the switching requirements for the setting up of path
connections to be reduced by reserving in paths.
The end -to-end transmission quality for a given channel connection is
directly dependent on the quality of the series of paths in which the channel is
located .if various channel connections are routed via the same path they will
have similar performance and quality parameters, such as cell loss rate and cell
transfer delay. Channels with similar quality parameters should therefore be
routed over the same ATM path by the traffic control. If the overall transmission
rate of all the channels exceeds the capacity of the path, the cell loss can be
distributed over all he channels by means of statistical time division
multiplexing.
Sending Congestion Messages to Remote station:
1
3.2 SWADHAN
1
which
includes
nationalized,
private
and
foreign
banks.
payment networks, such as master card and visa in a very formidable way. It
is poised to enable the existing system for e-payment thereby helping the
banks excel in an e-powered service.
3.3 Features of ATM
The following are the features available on Banks ATMs, which can be accessed
from anywhere at anytime.
Cash Withdrawals: A customer can withdraw upto Rs. 15000/- on a
single day on his account. In this, the Fast Cash option shows prefixed
amounts, which a customer can choose from, and Ultra Fast Cash option
to withdraw Rs.3000/- at one time.
Balance enquiry: Customer can know the ledger balance and available
balance with his account.
Mini statement: Customer gets a receipt printout of his last 8 transactions
and the balance.
Deposit cash/ cheques: Available in all full function ATMs, customer can
deposit both cash and cheques in the ATM. Cash deposited in ATMs will
be credited to the account on the same day and cheques sent for clearing
on the next working day.
Funds transfer: Customer can transfer funds from one account to the
linked account in the same branch.
Cheque book request: Request for a cheque book from ATMs and their
concerned branch will dispatch its such that it reaches the customer
within 10 working days.
PIN Change: The customer change the Personal Identification Number
(PIN) of the ATM or debit card.
Payments: This is the latest feature on banks ATMs, its functionality can
be used for payment of bills, donating to temples/ trusts or making airtime
recharges for prepaid mobile phones.
Name
Count
Response
% of Cases
PURCH
97
65.5
97
PUR_BAL
24
16.2
24
PUR_BTRF
22
14.9
22
PUR_OTH
3.4
15%
3%
16%
66%
66 out of the 100respondents ie.66% of respondents use the card mainly for cash
withdrawal. 16% of the respondents use the card for balance inquiry. Out of 100
respondents 22 customers use their ATM card for balance transfer ie.22% of the
respondents.
3.6 How much time customer spends waiting in the queue at ATM centre
Time spend in queue
Less then 5
min
5 to 10 min
More than 10
min
Total
Cumulative
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
62
62
62
62
35
35
35
97
100
100
100
100
Percent
3%
35%
62 out of 100 respondents ie.62% of respondents spend less than 5minutes in the
queue at ATM Centres.35% of respondents spend 5 to 10 minutes in the queue at
the ATM centre.
1
It can be analyzed that 71% of respondents take less than 5minutes for
transaction at ATM centre.25% respondents spend 5 to 10 minutes at ATM
centre. Only 4 out 100 respondents ie.4% spend more than 10 minutes for
transaction at ATM centre.
3.7 Additional services provided by ATM Centre
Dichotomy
Label
Cash Deposit
Cheque
Deposit
Bill Payment
Phone
Banking
Others
Total
Response
Name
Count
Response
% of Cases
ADD_CD
71
36.8
72.4
ADD_CHQ
54
28
55.1
ADD_BP
34
17.6
34.7
ADD_PHB
33
17.1
33.7
ADD_OTH
0.5
193
100
196.9
Additional Service
17%
1%
36%
18%
Others 1%
28%
36% of the respondents recognize the cash deposit service at their ATM centre
deposit service at their ATM centre.18% of respondents recognize bill payment
and 17% recognize phone banking service at their ATM centre.
From the table and the graph the analysis that can be made are those only 11
respondents that is only 11% of the respondents were highly satisfied with the
ATM service. 39% were very satisfied 43% were satisfied while 7% were less
satisfied. One should work hard to improve this situation.
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Percent
Highly Satisfied 6
Very Satisfied
36
36
36
42
Satisfied
56
56
56
98
Less Satisfied
99
Not Satisfied
100
Total
100
100
100
Percent
1% 1% 6%
36%
Not Satisfied 1%
56%
From the graph and the table it was evident that largest share of respondents
were satisfied with the services of ATM. While people who were highly satisfied
were 36% and highly satisfied were a 6%. However the number of respondents
who were less satisfied and not satisfied was 15 respectively.
1
3.9 Do the ATM centers provide the denomination of currency you require
Provide the denomination of currency
Cumulative
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Always
37
37
37
37
Sometimes
52
52
52
89
Never
11
11
11
100
Total
100
100
100
Percent
Frequency
Percent
Valid Percent
Always
10
10
10
10
Sometimes
41
41
41
51
Never
49
49
49
100
Total
100
100
100
Percent
10%
Always
Sometimes
Never
49%
41%
The table and the graph suggest that a whopping 49% respondents say ATM
never runs out of cash, while v41% say it sometimes run out of cash compared to
that only a meager 10% say it runs out of cash always.
Cumulative
Percent
Valid Percent
Highly Satisfied 29
29
29
29
Satisfied
56
56
56
85
Neutral
14
14
14
99
Unsatisfied
100
Total
100
100
100
1
Percent
Express feeling
14%
1%
Highly Satisfied 29 %
29%
Satisfied 56%
Neutral 14%
Unsatisfied 1%
56%
Very
Cash
Satisfied
Satisfied
withdrawal Yes
11
38
41
11
1
39
2
43
No
Total
Satisfied
Less
Satisfied
Total
97
3
100
Cash Withdrawal
45
40
35
Highly Satisfied
30
Very Satisfied
25
Satisfied
Less Satisfied
20
15
10
5
0
Yes
No
Out of 22 respondents who use balance inquiry facility are 8 satisfied and are 12
very satisfied with ATM service; however 2 respondents are less satisfied with
ATM service.
Highly
Very
Satisfied
Satisfied
Transfer Yes
No
11
11
Total
Satisfied
Less
Satisfied
Total
11
22
30
39
32
43
5
7
78
100
Balance Transfer
35
30
Highly Satisfied
25
Very Satisfied
Satisfied
20
Less Satisfied
15
10
5
0
Yes
No
Out of 11 respondents who are highly satisfied with the ATM service of no one
uses balance transfer facility. Out of 22 respondents who use balance transfer
facility 11 are satisfied with ATM service.
wide access to ATMs. (A list of many of these shopping networks also appears
near the end of this brochure.) Currently there is only one international service,
called Maestro*, that lets card work at participating merchants both in the United
States and in more than 50 countries.
Grocery stores and gas stations were among the first retailers in the United States
to install the small number pads, also called PIN pads that you may have noticed
at the checkout counter or on the gas pump. It is these devices that make
shopping with many ATM cards possible.
4.3 THE LATEST NEWS SHOPPING WHEREVER SOME MAJOR
CARD BRANDS ARE ACCEPTED:
Another ATM card service makes ATM cards more useful by greatly expanding
the number of retail locations that accept the cards for payment. ATM cards with
the logo of one of two of the major card brands MasterCard or Visa- can be
used to make purchases anywhere these cards are accepted. Today, these kinds of
cards are accepted at some 3 minion places in the United States and 9 million
more worldwide. Currently, these are the only two major card brands that offer
this service.
YOU CAN ONLY SPEND WHAT YOU HAVE: When you use your ATM
card, whether to withdraw cash or make purchases, you are using your own
money that is on deposit at your bank or credit union. Naturally, you can only
use as much money as you have available. If you have an overdraft line of credit
attached to your account and your purchase with the card exceeds the amount
available on deposit, your bank or credit union will charge interest on the
amount you borrow from your overdraft
THERE MAY BE DAILY SPENDING & WITHDRAWAL LIMITS: Many
banks and credit unions set daily limits on ATM purchases and cash
withdrawals, as a deterrent to the use of stolen or fraudulent cards. Often, these
two limits are different and each may vary widely, from a few hundred dollars a
day to the entire amount available in your account. You should ask your bank or
credit union whether your ATM card will have daily withdrawal and spending
limits and, if so, what they will be.
1
While limits of this kind may seem like an inconvenience, they are
there to safeguard you and your money from unauthorized use of your account.
They can also serve to govern your daily spending, helping you to be more
disciplined in managing your money and your spending habits.
RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS:
ATM cards make it possible to overdraft your bank accounts so they require that
you keep careful record of your spending. With an ATM card it is vital to know
what your checking account balance is at all times. The overdraft fees associated
with bank accounts are high enough that the consequences of overdrafting even
by a small amount are quite serious.
HIDDEN FEES:
Hidden fees seen to be lurking around every corner of the financial world. If you
are not using an ATM that is affillated with your bank or credit union then you
will likely have to pay a fee. Although many banks strive to have conveniently
located ATM machines. Using any ATM machine not associated with your bank
can deplete your bank account balance.
remains with a debt or ATM card it becomes difficult to monitor how much is
being spent and how much money is left until the dreaded card decline or you
are hit with an overdraft charge.
store accepts your ATM card. Depending on which logos you find on your
card and whether the store has installed PIN pads, your purchases can be
handled in your PIN, just as you would with a credit card.
MAKING A PURCHASE:
Lets say you have planned to buy a desk lamp. You need all your cash for
other things and dont have your checkbook with you. At the entrance to the
store, you notice an ATM network logo that matches the logo on you card. You
decide to use your ATM card to pay.
When you present the lamp to the cashier, you will be asked how you would
like to pay for the purchase. You offer your ATM card. The cashier will confirm
that your card is accepted by the store, and if it is, the following will occur:
1. You will be asked to slide your card through a dot that reads the
information contained in the magnetic stripe on the back of your card.
2. The cashier will then enter the amount of the purchase.
3. You will punch in your PIN, or secret code.
4. The cashier will press a key that initiates an automatic phone call to your
bank or credit union. This confirmed, your bank or credit union
automatically deducts the purchase amount from your account, just like a
check. You will receive a receipt of the transaction, if you want one, when
the sale is completed. Make sure you record and subtract this amount from
your account immediately.
AN ATM CARD WILL BE ACCEPTED FAR MORE READILY THAN
AN OUT-OF-STATE CHECK:
When you use an ATM card to make purchases, its easy to tell where it is
accepted just by matching the logos on your card with those at stores that
accepted the cards. And the number of locations that accept ATM cards is
constantly expanding, enabling you to stop in more and more places without
cash and cheque.
SMARTER ABOUT ATM CARDS:
As you read this brochure, youll gain a better understanding of how to take
advantage of the conveniences and features of shopping with your ATM
1
card. And youll find the information you need to use the new service
wisely. If you have one of the more than 200 minion ATM cards in
circulation today in the United States, yo0u may want to take it out of your
wallet and refer to it as you read along.
USING AN ATM CARD CAN GIVE YOU THE TOOLS TO BE A
SMARTER MONEY MANAGER:
All ATM card purchases and transactions appear as line items on the
monthly account statement you receive from your bank or credit union.
Youll find the date of purchases, the transaction total, and the merchants
name. When combined with the receipt that accompanies each purchase,
these clear and complete records make it easier to track your spending than
when you use cash alone.
SMART MONEY MANAGEMENT HABITS:
Your ATM cards can be a useful tool in helping you develop good money
management habits if you follow these five simple steps:
Established a monthly budget.
1. Stick to your spending limits and track your expenses routinely and
carefully.
2. Save your sales and ATM receipts and immediate- deduct purchases and
other transactions from your chequebook or your account register. Be sure
to note any fees.
3. Promptly balance your chequebook against your monthly account
statement, which lists all of your purchases and fees.
4. Use your monthly itemized statement as a systematic way to manage
your spending habits, and determine whether your budget is realistic.
ATM CARD PURCHASES CAN OFFER CONVENIENCE WITHOUT
INTEREST CHARGES:
If you use your ATM card to shop, you can get all the convenience of
using a card for purchases, but without being charged interest. However, if
1
you have an ATM card thats attached ton a checking account with an
overdraft line of credit and you overdraw your account using the card,
your bank or credit union will charge interest on the amount you
overdraw, just as they would with a check. If your overdraft protection is
provided by a link to your savings or other account, you may not incur
interest charges. Check with your bank or credit union.
WHETHER YOU USE YOUR PIN OR SIGN A SALES SLIP, YOURE
ASSURED CONFIDENTIALITY:
The only information provided to the store by your bank or credit union
when you make a purchase with your ATM card is whether or not the
transaction is approved and the amount of the purchase. The store does not
have access to your account information, address or telephone number, or
any other information that may be printed on your check.
WHEN A MAJOR CREDIT CARD LOGO IS ON YOUR ATM CARD:
If you have an ATM card that also has on it one of two of the major credit
card logos mentioned previously, your purchase will be handled as if you
were using a credit card, except for three important differences:
I. First, the purchase amount will be deducted automatically from
your account like when you write a check rather than being
II.
III.
instead of signing.
ATM CARDS CAN GIVE YOU MORE CONTROL IF USED WISELY:
1
With an ATM card and a PIN or personal identification number you can
virtually set your own branch hours depositing and withdrawing money
from your accounts whenever you wish at your bank or credit union. Whats
more ATM cards already give you access to your money at ATMs located not
only at all of your banks locations, but also at other banks and in stores,
airports, office buildings, and street corners across the United States and
worldwide.
YOUR ATM CARD IS BECOMING EVEN MORE USEFUL:
But wide access to ATMs is just the beginning. Technology is enabling
banks and credit unions to introduced new services that allow you to pay for
things by making your ATM card work like a check. This latest
improvement can offer conveniences and money management benefits over
cash and checks.
SO KEEP TRACK OF YOUR SPENDING:
Always make sure to keep your receipts, and record your purchases in your
checkbook immediately to prevent overdrawing your account. Its important
to remember that regardless of whether you see your PIN or sign your
name, all of your withdrawals and purchases will be automatically deducted
from your account.
CHP.5 SAFETY AND SECURITY OF ATM
5.1 HOW TO GET A BASIC ATM CARD & ONE YOU CAN USE TO
SHOP
IF ITS NOT OFFERED AUTOMATICALLY, YOU CAN ASK ABOUT IT:
Most banks and credit unions across the country offer ATM cards. They are
usually connected to a checking or share draft account. When you open an
account, you may automatically be given an ATM card. But if you havent been
offered a card, you can ask for one.
You may also want to ask about any additional services available on the card.
For example, most ATM cards can be used for cash withdrawals and other
transactions at ATMs in the United States and around the world. Your bank or
credit union may offer with your account the additional service that allows you
to see your ATM card to make purchases by using your PIN or signing a receipt.
5.2
In the case of an ATM card with a credit card logo on it, your ability to obtain
this card will depend on the practices of the individual bank or credit union.
The list below contains the kinds of things a bank or credit union considers to
determine whether you qualify for this kind of service. You may be required to
provide additional information on an application and undergo a credit check.
The length of your relationship with the bank or credit union
The average balance and status of your account
The number of times per year, if any, you overdraw your account
The number of banking products and services you use
Your credit history
5.3
The use of ATM cards naturally involves costs to provide the services. As a
result, there may be fees associated with your use of the card. These vary,
depending on your relationship with the institution and whether you are
withdrawing cash or making purchases.
If a fee is charged at all, it can vary widely. For example, you could be charged a
few cents, such as a dime, every time you use the card, or you could be charged a
flat monthly fee, such as one dollar per month, or a combination of such fees. In
some cases, fees are waived on the amount you keep on deposit at your bank or
credit union. But, keep in mind that fees can be higher or lower than those cited
here. Check with your bank or credit union.
5.4
Along with knowing your available balance, you should be aware of any charges
for using the card. Fees are established band charged by the banks and credit
unions that issue the ATM cards. If a fee is charged, your bank or credit union
must filly detail these fees when get your card. Every time a fee is charged by
the bank or credit union issuing the card, the feel with appear on your monthly
statement.
When an ATM card is used to make purchases, a retailer may add a free to your
purchase total. If this happens, the store is required by law to disclose this to you
in a display at the checkout counter. In this case, the fee is added to your
purchase amount, not listed separately on your statement.
5.5
Before you use your ATM card to withdraw cash or shop, you should ask your
bank or credit union about the costs associated with ownership and use of the
card. Here are some questions you might ask:
What are the monthly or annual fees for this card?
What are the per use fees when using this banks or other banks or credit
unions ATMs?
How can I avoid any of these fees?
5.6
Two features can make using ATM cards safer than cash and checks.
First, their use is covered by federal regulations that protect both consumers and
the institutions that issue the cards.
Second, technology protects the information about your account.
Its smart to be aware of these regulations and protections. Here a brief summary
of the safeguards that come with your ATM card and what you must do to take
advantage of them.
5.7
If you report a lost or stolen ATM card within two business days of discovering
the loss or theft, and report immediately any unauthorized uses of your ATM
card that you find on your monthly statement, your liability is limited by federal
regulations to $50. If you do not report the loss or theft within two days, you
could be responsible for up to$500.
If you suspect that your ATM card has been used fraudulently, you must report it
to your bank or credit union within 60 days of receiving the statement on which
the questionable activity appears. If you dont act promptly, you could be liable
for the full amount that the unauthorized user was able to withdraw.
5.8
Federal regulations also protect you against errors that may occur in your bank
account during or as the result of an electronic transfer of funds. Such errors
could include:
Omission of a transaction on your statement. For example, a deposit you
make at an ATM does not appear on your next statement.
The most popular technique for analyzing the strategic position of ac ATM
business unit and its environment is done by a study of SWOT ANALYSIS. The
external environment impact the business by both the opportunities and threat
(OT). The internal factor specific to the organization have a mix of both strength
and weakness (SW).
THE SWOT MATRIX
Once the SWOT ANALYSIS is complete the business unit organization must:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Build on strengths
Resolve weakness
Exploit opportunities
Overcome threats
The resultant strategies must then be filtered and moulded to form the basis of a
realistic strategic plan. SWOT ANALYSIS even through a good tool is extremely
subjective and should ideally be used with other analysis like PESTLE to form
and select the best available strategy.
Ex: SWOT ANALYSIS of ICICI BANK
1
2
3
STRENGTH
WEAKNESS
Extensive distribution
5
6
Capacity utilization
Operational inefficiency
External
OPPORTUNITIES
THREATS
Growing Market
Substitute market
Trade barriers
Strong currency
Favourable demographic
Mature market
They appoint the Cash Management service (CMS) who load 20 lakhs on
daily basis in their ATM machines.
7. On what technology does the ATM works?
It does works on the dibold technology. The two major ATM networks are
VISA and MASTERCARD
Summary
One of the important services provided by the banks today is of ATM
To briefly summarize the process, an automatic teller machine or ATM allows a
bank customer to conduct their banking transactions from almost every other
ATM machine in the world. In the introductory stages, of the ATM, Don Wetzel
invented the first successful and modern ATM in the USA. However he was not
the first inventor to create an ATM. In 1939, Luther George Simjian started
patenting an earlier and not so successful version of an ATM. The concept of the
modern ATM first began in 1968, a working prototype came about in 1969 and
Docutel was installed a patent in 1973. The first working ATM was installed in a
New York based chemical bank
People want the ATM centers to be very close to their houses or place of work.
People want that they should not be made to wait in queues in front of ATM
centers.
If possible the banks should improve the software they use and reduce the time
required by the customers.
ATM centers do not provide additional services like cash deposits, cheques
deposits, bill payments, etc, at all its centers, which many people want but they
dont get it and leads to their dissatisfaction and wherever it is available it is
charged.
I have also found in this survey that many of the respondents felt that they were
feeling secured using the ATM card, services and this has led to increased
satisfaction level of these respondents which is a good sign.
I also found from this survey that the almost 70% people are satisfied with the
number and location of the ATM centers. But they still insisted that the number
should be increased to give enhanced service and satisfaction to its customers.
People were happy to say that the ATM centers provides the currency in the
denomination they want and this was as good as dealing with the cashier of the
bank where you can tell him which denomination you want.
Another good finding from this survey was that the ATM centers of bank rarely
run out of cash even though it is one of the largest used ATM centers. About 49%
of the respondents said that it never runs out of cash.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The findings and the conclusions reveal that there is a lot of changes which can
be brought about to improve the perception and satisfaction of the customers
towards banks ATM centers.
I recommend that,
Bank should increase the number of ATM centers and at strategic positions.
Software used by the bank should be updated and fast so that people are not
made to wait in the queue.
Bank can bring all its services on the ATM machines.
Facilities like cash deposit should also start at the ATM centers.
To increase the customer base and the customer satisfaction the ATM facility
should be made as secured and safe as possible. ICICI ATM is one of the safest
but still there is scope for improvement.