Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
med YFU
Dear students,
Being an exchange student for one year in Sweden doesnt just mean that you are
going to live in a Swedish family and go to a Swedish school, it is also a great
opportunity for you to learn the Swedish language!
Even though Swedish isnt a global language, previous exchanges have shown that it
is easier to embrace the culture and the mentality, and get more out of an exchange
year by learning the language spoken in the country.
Learning a new language is usually a long process, but which is easier for some and
harder for others. Either way, YFU wants to give every student the opportunity to
learn Swedish while being on an exchange year here.
That is why we have put together this booklet of Swedish material. It is divided into
different themes, where the different exercises are divided into three levels, to suit
beginners as well as students who have studied Swedish before. As a beginner,
dont be intimidated by all the exercises and grammar. Learning Swedish is not easy
and this booklet is made for you to keep and to learn from throughout your whole
exchange year.
Lycka till!
/YFU Sweden
If its hard to remember how to pronounce the Swedish letters, write down how the
Swedish letters sound in your own language.
b)Vowels (Vokaler)
Many foreigners that are learning Swedish usually find the Swedish vowels hard to
pronounce. Make sure to practice pronouncing the vowels an extra couple of times
understanding how the vowels are pronounced will help you a lot!
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
apa
banan
cykel
drr
el
familj
groda
hem
3
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
is
jordgubbe
katt
lampa
mamma
nsa
orm
pappa
Qvist
ros
syster
trappa
ugn
vas
Waxholm
xylofon
yxa
zon
nga
rta
ga
ra
r
s
ocks
p
sr
vr
vg
r
bra
vg
slja
hr
dr
bst
knna
ra
gra
fr
kra
hg
mjlig
strst
brja
1. Numbers (Siffror)
a) Numbers (Siffror)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ett
Tv
Tre
Fyra
Fem
Sex
Sju
tta
Nio
Tio
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Elva
Tolv
Tretton
Fjorton
Femton
Sexton
Sjutton
Arton
Nitton
Tjugo
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Tjugoett
Tjugotv
Tjugotre
Tjugofyra
Tjugofem
Tjugosex
Tjugosju
Tjugotta
Tjugonio
Trettio
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Trettioett
Trettiotv
Trettiotre
Trettiofyra
Trettiofem
Trettiosex
Trettiosju
Trettiotta
Trettionio
Fyrtio
10
20
30
40
50
Tio
Tjugo
Trettio
Fyrtio
Femtio
60
70
80
90
100
1000
Sextio
Sjuttio
ttio
Nittio
Hundra
Tusen
b) Exercise: what are the names of the numbers? (vning: vad heter
siffrorna?)
Work in pairs. Let one person point at different numbers below and let the other
person pronounce the numbers that get pointed at. Then switch, so that the person
who pronounced point and the person who pointed gets to ponounce. Use the a)
exercise as a key if needed, but try to guess as many numbers as possible before
looking at the right answers.
En krona
En tjugolapp (en tjuga)
En femhundralapp
En femma
En hundralapp (en hundring)
En tia
En femotiolapp
6 .
2. Presentation
a) To introduce oneself (Att introducera sig sjlv)
Hej,
Jag heter Mark
Jag r utbytesstudent
Jag kommer frn Australien
Jag r 16 r gammal
Jag bor hos en vrdfamilj i Stockholm
Jag pratar engelska
Jag pratar lite svenska
b) Countries and languages (Lnder och sprk)
Lnder
Sprk
Amerika (USA)
Argentina
Australien
Belgien
Brasilien
Estland
Finland
Frankrike
Indien
Japan
Mexico
Moldavien
Nederlnderna
Nya Zeeland
Spanien
Storbritannien
Sverige
Schweiz
Sydafrika
Tyskland
Ungern
Uruguay
Venezuela
engelska
spanska
engelska
franska, flamlndska
portugisiska
estniska
finska
franska
indiska
japanska
spanska
moldoviska
hollndska
engelska
spanska
engelska
svenska
tyska, franska, italienska
afrikaans
tyska
ungerska
spanska
spanska
c) Greetings (Hlsningsfraser)
Hej
Hejsan
Hall
Tjena
Tja
God morgon
God natt
Ha det bra
Vi ses
Hej d
7
Work in pairs. Introduce yourself to you partner and let your partner introduce
herself/himself to you by using the expressions and words above (exercise a-c).
g) Interrogatives (Frgeord)
Vad?
Vilken/vilket?
Vem?
Varfr?
Nr?
Hur?
Var?
Vart?
Varifrn?
The difference between var and vart - vart is used when there is a movement, for
example: vart ska vi? = where are we going?. Compare with var ligger
stationen? = where is the station?
Svenska
child
girl
boy
man
woman
book
telephone
chair
pencil
room
window
flower
school
barnet
telfonen
trdet
bananen
blomman
gat
d) Plural
An en-word takes one of the following endings when it is pluralized: or, ar, er.
An ett-word takes an n or no ending at all.
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Indefinite Plural
En words that end in -a
En words that end in -e
En words with stress on
last vowel
Ett words that end in a
vowel
Ett words that end in a
consonant
drop -a and
add -or
drop -e and
add -ar
en klocka klockor
a watch - (some)
watches
a friend - (some)
friends
a place - (some)
ett stlle - stllen
places
a room - (some)
ett rum - rum
rooms
add -er
add -n
no ending
Definite plural
To form the definite plural, you must first form the indefinite plural and then add
these endings to that word.
Indef. Plural En words
add -na
klockor klockorna
stllen stllena
There are some nouns that change their vowel in the plural. These nouns usually
take the -er ending when forming the indefinite plural.
en natt - ntter
en bonde - bnder
a farmer - farmers
en ledamot ledamter
a member members
en hand hnder
en fot - ftter
a foot - feet
en rot - rtter
a root - roots
a night - nights
a hand - hands
a country countries
a book - books
en man - mn
a man - men
mannen - mnnen
Anders bok
11
12
rstider
Mnader
Hst
Vinter
Vder
Vr
Sommar
Januari
Februari
Mars
April
Maj
Juni
Juli
Augusti
September
Oktober
November
December
Veckodagar
Mndag
Tisdag
Onsdag
Torsdag
Fredag
Lrdag
Sndag
13
c) Weather (vder)
14
Hur lnge?
En gng:
I sekunden /minuten / timmen
I veckan/mnaden
Om dagen
Om ret
I en vecka
I en mnad
I ett r
I en timme
I fyra mnader
Varje:
Dag/vecka/mnad/r
Aldrig
Sllan
Ibland
Ofta
Alltid
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5. At home (Hemma)
a) Family (Slkt, familj)
Mamma
Bror
Mormor/Farmor
Barn
Dotter
Syskon
Svrdotter
Svger
Pappa
Syster
Morfar/Farfar
Kusin
Son
Svrson
Barnbarn
Svgerska
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Plural
Vi
Ni
De
Possessiva pronomen
Singular
Min
Din
Hans
Hennes
Dess
Plural
Vr
Er
Deras
d) Exercise: tell the others about your family (vning: Bertta om din familj)
Work in pairs. Tell your partner about your family (either natural family or hostfamily)
using the vocabulary in exercise a) and the right pronouns in exercise c).
Example:
Min mamma heter
Jag har tv systrar
De heter
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18
f) Kitchen (kk)
Match the numbers in the picture with the words below
Ett vattenglas
En kaffekanna
En handduk
Ett skp
Ett vinglas
Ett diskstll
Bestick
Tallrikar
En kopp
En visp
En spis
En slev
En stekpanna
En kastrull
En kniv
En diskbnk
En diskmaskin
En mikrovgsugn
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En stekspade
En skrbrda
En lda
En osthyvel
Ett kylskp
g) Badrum
Put the right numbers for every word in the circles in the picture on next page
1.Handfat
4.Dusch/Badkar
7.Tvttkorg
10.Badrumsskp
2.Tvttmaskin
5.Toalett
8.Toalettpapper
11.Torktumlare
20
3.Spegel
6.Handduk
9.Tandborste
6. Verb
a) Common verbs
vara
ha
kunna
ska
f
bli
komma
gra
finnas
ta
sga
g
ge
se
mste
vilja
ta
visa
be
have
be able to/ can
will/ shall
get
become
come
do/make
be/exist
take
say
walk
give
see
have to
want
take
show
Group
1:
Verb:
Tala (to
speak)
Stem:
Group
2:
Verb:
Tala-
Stem:
Kp-
Present
tense:
Talar
Present
tense:
Kper
Verb:
lska (to
love)
Verb:
Hjlpa (to
help)
Stem:
lska-
Stem:
Hjlp-
21
Group
2:
Present
tense:
Present
tense:
lskar
Hjlper
Irregular verbs
Almost all irregular verbs form their present tense as does groupe 2.
Example:
skriva (to write)
skriv- + er =
skriver
han skriver = He writes
The verb vara (to be) and ha (to have) are irregular and have the
forms r and har in the present tense.
(Jag r = I am, Jag har = I have)
Example:
Att vara
I am
you are
he is
she is
it is
it is
one is
we are
you are
they are
Att ha
jag r
du r
han r
hon r
den r
det r
man r
vi r
ni r
de r
I have
you have
he has
she has
it has
it has
one has
we have
you have
they have
22
jag har
du har
han har
hon har
den har
det har
man har
vi har
ni har
de har
Monosyllabic verbs are almost always irregular and form the present tense by
adding an r.
Example:
se (to see)
se + r =
ser
hon ser = she sees
c) Future tense
To form the future tense of verbs, just add ska (= will) or kommer att (= to be
going to)before the infinitive. Remember that all the forms are the same for each
personal pronoun.
Example:
Jag kommer att hjlpa dig ngon gng - I will help you some time.
Vad ska vi gra idag? - What are we going to do today?
d) Past tenses
Regular verbs (Group 1+2):
-
The imperfect tense is formed by adding -de to the stem, unless the stem ends
with a voiceless consonant (f, k, p, s, t etc.) then you attach -te.
The supine is formed by attaching -t to the stem.
Verb:
Stem:
Imperfect:
Supine:
Perfect:
Past perfect:
tala (1)
tala-
talade
talat
har talat
hade talat
ringa (2)
ring-
ringde
ringt
har ringt
hade ringt
kpa (2)
kp-
kpte
kpt
har kpt
hade kpt
Irregular verbs:
As this group consists of irregular verbs, you can't give any rule what forms
there are. But in the imperfect, most verbs get no suffix. They just change the
stem-vowel. In the supine, most verbs change the stem-vowel again, and attach it or -at
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Verb:
Stem:
Imperfect:
Supine:
Perfect:
Past perfect:
springa (i)
spring(=to run)
sprang
sprungit
har sprungit
hade sprungit
kom
kommit
har kommit
hade kommit
ha (i)
ha-
hade
haft
har haft
hade haft
gra (i)
gr-
gjorde
gjort
har gjort
hade gjort
e) Interests (intressen)
Try to understand by looking at the different picture what the corresponding verbs
mean and see if theres one interest that suits you (if theres an interest that isnt
presented, ask your leader what its called).
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7. School (Skolan)
a) Useful words (anvndbara ord)
En skola
En klass
En lrare
En elev
En mentor
Ett klassrum
Ett schema
En lektion
Ett mne
En studievgledare
En rast
En klasskompis
En hltimme
En matsal
En termin/ett lsr
b) Subjects (mnen)
Sprk:
Svenska
Engelska
Franska/Spanska/Tyska
Naturvetenskap:
Fysik
Teknik
Biologi
Kemi
Samhllskunskap:
Samhllskunskap
Geografi
Historia
Religion
vrigt:
Idrott
Musik
Bild
Drama /teater
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Mellan lektionerna
Grupp av elever
mne d man sportar
Den som undervisar
Med denna skriver man
26
8. Food (Mat)
a) Groceries and food (livsmedel och mat)
27
b) Meals(Mltider)
P
Bakom
ver
Mellan
Genom
28
can also use the Swedish vocabulary for money (for more advanced groups) and
the Swedish numbers.
Phrases to help you:
Jag skulle vilja ha
Tack
Varsgod
Jag tar
Kan jag f?
More advanced groups can also use:
Jag har bestllt bord fr X personer
Det smakade utmrkt/bra/ etc
Kan ni rekommendera ngonting?
Ingr...?
Finns det?
Jag r allergisk mot...
Kan jag be att f notan, tack!
Kan vi betala var (och en) fr sig?
Jag bjuder
30
9. Clothes (Klder)
a) Words (Ord)
Keps
31
Vska
Jeans
T-shirt
Bikini
Kostym
32
Shorts
sssss
tom/ full
mrk/ljus
ltt/tung
dyr/billig
gammal/ung
mjuk/hrd
ren/smutsig
snabb/lngsam
kall/varm
stor/liten
glad/ledsen
The comparative forms of a Swedish adjective is formed in almost the same ways as
is an English adjective. In Swedish, you add -are and ast where possible, and
otherwise, you say mer and mest.
1. The adjective kort is thus compared like this:
kort- kortare - kortast
2. The adjective intressant = interesting is like in English compared with more
and most:
intressant - mer intressant - mest intressant
33
3. Adjectives ending with unstressed -en, -er or -el drop their e (like with the
definite article).
vacker - vackrare - vackrast
trogen - trognare - trognast (=faithful)
4. Some adjectives are irregular and some have umlaut:
liten - mindre - minst
dlig - smre - smst
bra - bttre - bst
stor - strre - strst
lng - lngre - lngst
hg - hgre - hgst
mycket - mer(a) - mest
d) Colors (Frger)
Vit
Svart
Rd
Grn
Bl
Gul
Orange
Lila
Rosa
Beige
Brun
Gr
Prickig
Randig
Rutig
Ljus-, Mrk-
34
f) Exercise: describe a
famous person
(vning: Beskriv en
knd person)
Work in pairs and let one
person describe a famous
person (an actor, a
politician, a singer etc),
using words from the
exercises above (colors,
clothes, the human body),
and let the other person
guess. Then switch.
35
Useful links
For Swedish courses online (and some material taken from):
http://www.ielanguages.com/swedish.html
http://www.onlineswedish.com/main.php
For more links to Swedish news & media, dictionaries and courses:
http://www.kreativpedagogik.se/
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