QUESTION 1

Question
1(a)

Mark Scheme
Able to record all two readings accurately
Answers :
Ability to
roll tongue
Able to roll
tongue
Unable to roll
tongue

1(b)(i)

No. of
students
17

Marks

Able to record any 1 readings accurately

No response or Wrong response

Able to state two different observations
correctly according to the criteria:
P1 : Ability to roll tongue
P2 : Number of students

0
3

Sample answers:
(Horizontal)
1.The number of students which is able to roll
tongue is
17.
2. The number of students which is unable to
roll tongue is
6.
(Vertical)
3.Number of students which is able to roll
tongue is more
than the students which is unable to roll
tongue.
Able to state one correct observation and one
inaccurate observation or
Able to state two inaccurate observations.
Sample answers : ( Inaccurate observations)
1. The number of students which is able to roll
tongue is
more / high / higher
2. The number of students which is unable to
roll tongue is
less/ low/ lower.

QUESTION 1

Question
1(b)(ii)

Able to state one correct observation or

Able to state two observations at idea level

Sample answers : ( Idea level )

1. Different students have different ability to
roll tongue
2. There are two types of ability to roll tongue
(P1 only)
3. Number of students changes (P2 only)
No response or wrong response

Mark Scheme
Able to state two differences correctly based on
the following criteria :
P1 : Trait
P2 : Dominant / recessive

Marks

3
Sample answers:
1. (Able to roll tongue) trait is dominant
2. (Unable to roll tongue) trait is recessive
Able to state one correct inference and one
inaccurate inference
Or
Able to state two inaccurate inferences
(1P only)
Sample answers:
1. (Able to roll tongue) is a dominant.
2. (Unable to roll tongue) is a recessive.
3. (Able and unable to roll tongue) are traits that
can be
inherited.
Able to state one correct inference
Or
Able to state one inference at idea level
Sample answers: (Idea level)
1. Ability to roll tongue is a discontinuous variation
2. Ability ro roll tongue occurs randomly.

QUESTION 1

1(c)

No response or wrong response

Able to state all the variables and the method to

handle the variables correctly.

Sample answers:
Variables
Manipulated variable:
Ability to roll tongue//
Trait
Responding variable:
Number of students //
Dominant/ recessive

Method to handle the

variables
Select different type of
ability to roll tongue //
trait
Count and record the
number of students //
Count and
record//state//
Determine the
dominant /recessive
(trait)

Controlled variables:
Use only male students
Gender of students //
//
Total number of
Test on 25 students //
students// Age of
Choose students at
students
same age
6 ticks
Able to state 4-5 of variables and the method to
handle the variables correctly.

4-5 ticks
Able to state 2-3 of variables and the method to
handle the variables correctly.

2-3 ticks

1 (d)

No response or wrong response

0 ticks
Able to state a hypothesis based on following
aspects :
P1 : Manipulated variable ( Ability to roll tongue //
trait)
P2 : Responding variable ( Number of students //
Dominant /

QUESTION 1

Recessive)
P3 : Relationship (higher / lower)
Sample answers :
1. The number of students which is able to roll
tongue is higher
than the number of students which is unable to
roll tongue.
2. The number of students which is unable to roll
tongue is
lower than the number of students which is
able to roll
tongue.
Able to state a hypothesis inaccurately based on
any two aspects :

Sample answers :
1. Able to roll tongue / Unable to roll tongue is
dominant /
recessive. (P1 and P2)
2. The number of students depend on the ability to
roll tongue.
(P2 and P1)
Able to state a hypothesis based on any aspect or
Able to state a hypothesis at idea level.

Sample answers :
1. The number of students depends on the type of
variation.( P2
only)
2. Ability to roll tongue is a discontinuous variation
(P1 only)
No response or wrong response
1 (e)(i)

Able to construct a table which contain the

following aspects :
T : Title with correct unit
D1 : Data for ability to roll tongue
D2 : Data for number of student recorded
correctly

QUESTION 1

Answer :
Ability to roll tongue
Number of students
Able to roll tongue
17
Unable to roll tongue
8
Able to construct a table based on any two correct
aspects

1(e)

Able to construct a table based on any one correct

aspect

No response or wrong response

Able to draw a bar chart based on the following

aspects

P : Uniform scale for both axes

T : Bars with correct height
B : 2 bars draw separately/ joined

1(f)

Able to draw a bar chart based on any two aspects

Able to draw a bar chart based pn any one aspects

No response or wrong response

Able to explain the type of variation for ability to

roll tongue based on the following aspects :

P1 : Discontinuous variation
P2 : Discrete distribution graph

QUESTION 1

P3 : No intermediate (trait in between the

characteristic able to
roll tongue and unable to roll tongue)
Sample answer:
1. Ability to roll tongue is a discontinuous variation
because it
shows a discrete distribution graph. There is no
intermediate
(trait in between able to roll tongue and unable
to roll
tongue).

1(g)

Able to explain the type of variation for ability to

roll tongue based on any two aspects.

Able to explain the type of variation for ability to

rool tongue based on any one aspects.

No response or wrong response

Able to predict the number of students based on

the following aspects :

P1 : Correct prediction (Number of students which

is able to
roll tongue is more than 34 // any value more
than 34
but less than 50) // more than the students
which is unable
to roll tongue.
P2 : Able to roll tongue is dominant trait
P3: More samples are used // more students are
used
Sample anwers :
The number of student is more than 34. Able to
roll tongue is a dominant trait. More samples are
used (will increase the probability).
Able to predict based on any two aspects

QUESTION 1

1(h)

Able to predict based on any one aspect

No response or wrong response

Able to define variation based on the following

aspects :

D1 : Differences of characteristics // traits //

phenotype in
human // male students.
D2 : Ability to roll tongue
D3 : Dominant and recessive trait //hypothesis
statement
Sample anwers :
Variation is differences of characteristics in
humans which is the ability to roll tongue. Number
of students which is able to roll tongue is higher
than number of students which is unable to roll
tongue.

1(i)

Able to define variation based on any two aspects

Able to define variation based on any one aspects

No response or wrong response

Able to classify each character to the correct type

of variation
Sample answers:
Continous variation
Height
Intelligence
Body weight

Discontinuos variation
Ability to roll tongue
Blood group
Attachment of earlobe

Able to classify any 4 correctly

Able to classify any 2-3 correctly
No response or wrong response

QUESTION 2

2
1
0

QUESTION 1

Questio
n
2(i)

Criteria
Able to state a problem statement correctly based on
the following aspects :

Marks
3

Problem
stateme P1 : Type of plant// Maize// paddy plant
nt
P2 : Growth // dry mass // height
P3 : Relationship in question form
Sample answers :
1. What is the effect of (interspecific) competition
between maize
and paddy plants on their growth // dry mass //
height?
2. How is interspesific competition affect the growth //
dry mass//
height of maize and paddy plants?
Able to state the problem inaccurately based on two
criteria:

Sample answers :
1. Does (interspesific) competition affect the maize
and paddy
plants? (P1 and P3 only)
2. Does the growth // dry mass// height are different?
(P2 and P3
only)
Able to state the problem statement at idea level
based on one criteria :
P1 or P2 only

Sample answers :
1. Growth // dry mass// height of maize and paddy
plant are
different.
2. (Interspesific) competition affect the growth.

2(ii)

Able to state a hypothesis correctly based on the

following criteria:

QUESTION 1

Hypoth
esis

P1 : Manipulated variable - Type of plant// maize //

Paddy plant
P2 : Responding variable - Growth // Dry mass //
height
P3 : Relationship
Sample answers :
1. Maize // paddy plant has higher // lower growth// dry
mass//
height than paddy plant/ maize.
Able to state the hypothesis inaccurately based on
any two criteria :
P1 and P2 only // P1 and P3 only
Sample answers :
1. Type of plant affect the growth// dry mass// height
2. When the plants are different, the growth // dry
mass // height are
different.
Able to state a hypothesis at idea level.
P1 or P2 only.

Sample answers :
1. The growth // dry mass// height are different.
2. The growth are different when the plants are
different.
2(iii)

Able state all the three variables correctly.

Variable Manipulated variable : Type of plant // Paddy plant and

s
maize plant
Responding variable : Growth // Dry mass // Height
Constant variable : Time taken to grow // size of tray //
amount of
soil// number of seeds // Volume
of water

Able to state two variables correctly

Able to state one variable correctly

QUESTION 1

2(iv)
Apparatus : Tray, ruler, weighing balance, oven,
*thread(if
necessary)

Apparat
us and
Material
s
Materials : Maize seeds, paddy seeds, distilled water,
garden soil

All 4 materials and 4 apparatus including

2(v)

Able to state 2-3 materials and 2-3 apparatus

Able to state 2 materials and 1 apparatus

Able to state 0-1 materials / apparatus
Or
No response // wrong response
Able to to describe the steps of the experiment
procedures or method correctly based on five criteria :

1
0

Procedu
re
K1 : How to set up the apparatus ( at least 4 steps)
K2 : How to operate the controlled variables (any one)
3
K3 : How to operate the responding variables (any
one)
K4 : How to operate the manipulated variable (any
one)
K5 : Precaution // steps to increase accuracy ( any
one)
All 5K
Any 3-4K
Any 1-2K
No response or wrong response

2
1
0

Sample answer for procedure :

1.

2.

Fill three same size of trays A, B and C with the same amount of
garden soil.
(K1)
(K2)
(K2)
Use 10 seeds in each tray , weigh and record the average initial

K1, K2

K1, K2

QUESTION 1

3.
4.

reading.
(K1) (K2)
(K1)
Plant all seeds at 5cm intervals.
(K1)
(K2)
Plant the seed as follows :

(K1)
K1, K2

Tray A : Only maize plants

Tray B : Only paddy plants
Tray C : Maize and paddy plants alternately
5.

6.

7.

K4

Water all trays with distilled water every day. Leave the seeds to
germinate and
(K1)
(K1)
grow for 5 weeks under bright conditions.
(K2)
After 5 weeks, clean the roots of the plants and dry at a
temperature of 700C in an
(K1)
(K1)
(K2)
oven.
* only for dry mass
Weigh and record the final dry mass of the dried plants by using
weighing balance
(K1)
(K3)
and get the average reading for tray A, B and C.
(K5)

K1, K2

K1, K2

K3, K5

OR
Measure and record the height of the seedling by using thread
to get an accurate
(K3)
(K5)
reading and ruler.
8.

Calculate the difference in dry mass // height and record the

result in a table.
(K1)
(K1)

Question
2(iv)
Presenta
tion of

Criteria
Able to construct a table to record data with based
on the following aspects :

Title of manipulated variable (MV) and

K1

Marks

QUESTION 1

data

responding variable (RV)- (1m)

Data for manipulated variable- (1m)

2

Tray

Average dry mass (g)// height

(cm)

Maize
Paddy
Maize
Maize and
paddy

Paddy

Any one correct aspect

No response or wrong response
Summary of marking :
No
2(i)
2(ii
)
2(iii
)
2(iv
)
2(v
)
2(iv
)

Criteria
Problem statement
Hypothesis

Score
3
3

Variables

Material & apparatus

Procedures

Presentation of data

Total

17 marks

1
0