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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

12147. The box of negligible size is sliding down along a

curved path defined by the parabola y = 0.4x2. When it is at
A (xA = 2 m, yA = 1.6 m), the speed is vB = 8 m>s and the
increase in speed is dvB>dt = 4 m>s2. Determine the
magnitude of the acceleration of the box at this instant.

A
y 0.4x

y = 0.4 x2

dy
2
= 0.8x 2
= 1.6
dx x = 2 m
x=2 m
d2y
dx2

2m

= 0.8
x=2 m
dy 2 3>2
) D
C 1 + (dx

r =

d 2y
2

dx

C 1 + (1.6)2 D 3>2
|0.8|

= 8.396 m

x=2 m

an =

yB
82
= 7.622 m>s2
=
r
8.396

a = 2a2t + a2n = 2(4)2 + (7.622)2 = 8.61 m>s2

Ans.

*12148. A spiral transition curve is used on railroads to

connect a straight portion of the track with a curved
portion. If the spiral is defined by the equation
y = (10 - 6)x3, where x and y are in feet, determine the
magnitude of the acceleration of a train engine moving with
a constant speed of 40 ft>s when it is at point x = 600 ft.

y (106)x3

y = (10)-6x3
v 40 ft/s

dy
2
= 3(10)-6x2 2
= 1.08
dx x = 600 ft
x = 600 ft
d2y
dx2

= 6(10)-6x 2
x = 600 ft

r4

=
x = 600 ft

an =

= 3.6(10)-3
600 ft

x = 600 ft
dy 2 3>2
[1 + (dx
) D

dy
2

dx

[1 + (1.08)2]3>2

=
|3.6(10)-3|

= 885.7 ft

x = 600 ft

y2
402
=
= 1.81 ft>s2
r
885.7

a = 2a2t + a2n = 20 + (1.81)2 = 1.81 ft>s2

Ans.

114

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2010 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently
exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

12167. The slotted arm OA rotates counterclockwise

about O such that when# u = p>4, arm OA is rotating with
$
an angular velocity of u and an angular acceleration of u.
Determine the magnitudes of the velocity and acceleration
of pin B at this instant. The motion of pin B is constrained
such that it moves on the fixed circular surface and along
the slot in OA.

B
r 2 a cos u
u
O

Time Derivatives:
r = 2a cos u
#
#
r = -2a sin uu
##
#
#
#
$
r = -2a C cos uuu + sin uu D = -2a C cos uu2 + sin uu D
When u =

p
rad,
4
1

ru =

p
4

= 2a

#
ru =

p
4

= -2a

$
ru =

p
4

= -2a

22

= 22a

1
22

u = - 22au

#
$
1 #2
1 $
u +
u = - 22a A u2 + u B
22
22

Velocity:
#
#
vr = r = - 22au

#
#
vu = ru = 22au

Thus, the magnitude of the pins velocity is

#
v = 2vr 2 + vu 2 = 4A - 22au B 2 +

A 22au B 2 = 2au
#

Ans.

Acceleration:
#
#
$
#
#
$
$
ar = r - ru2 = - 22a A u2 + u B - 22au2 = - 22a A 2u2 + u B
$
$
# #
$
#
# #
au = ru + 2r u = 22au + 2 A - 22au B A u B = 22a A u - 2u2 B
Thus, the magnitude of the pins acceleration is
#
$
$
#
a = 2ar 2 + au 2 = 4C - 22a A 2u2 + u B D 2 + C 22a A u - 2u2 B D 2
#
$
= 2a 44u4 + u2

130

Ans.

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2010 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently
exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

12198. If end A of the rope moves downward with a speed

of 5 m>s, determine the speed of cylinder B.
Position Coordinates: By referring to Fig. a, the length of the two ropes written in
terms of the position coordinates sA, sB, and sC are
sB + 2a + 2sC = l1
sB + 2sC = l1 - 2a

(1)

and

A
5 m/s

sA + (sA - sC) = l2
2sA - sC = l2

(2)

Eliminating sC from Eqs. (1) and (2) yields

sB + 4sA = l1 - 2a + 2l2
Time Derivative: Taking the time derivative of the above equation,

A+TB

vB + 4vA = 0

Here, vA = 5 m>s. Thus,

vB + 4(5) = 0
vB = -20 m>s = 20 m>s c

Ans.

12199. Determine the speed of the elevator if each

motor draws in the cable with a constant speed of 5 m>s.
Position Coordinates: By referring to Fig. a, the length of the two cables written in
terms of the position coordinates are
sE + (sE - sA) + sC = l1
2sE - sA + sC = l1

(1)

and
(sE - sB) + 2(sE - sC) = l2
3sE - sB - 2sC = l2

(2)

Eliminating sC from Eqs. (1) and (2) yields

7sE - 2sA - sB = 2l1 + l2
Time Derivative: Taking the time derivative of the above equation,

A+TB

7vE - 2vA - vB = 0

Here, vA = vB = -5 m>s. Thus,

7vE - C 2 A -5 B D -

A -5 B = 0

vE = -2.14 m>s = 2.14 m>s c

Ans.

154

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2010 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently
exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

12218. The ship travels at a constant speed of vs = 20 m>s

and the wind is blowing at a speed of vw = 10 m>s, as shown.
Determine the magnitude and direction of the horizontal
component of velocity of the smoke coming from the smoke
stack as it appears to a passenger on the ship.

vs  20 m/s
30
vw  10 m/s

45
y

Solution I
Vector Analysis: The velocity of the smoke as observed from the ship is equal to the
velocity of the wind relative to the ship. Here, the velocity of the ship and wind
expressed in Cartesian vector form are vs = [20 cos 45 i + 20 sin 45 j] m>s
= [14.14i + 14.14j] m>s and vw = [10 cos 30 i - 10 sin 30 j] = [8.660i - 5j] m>s.
Applying the relative velocity equation,
vw = vs + vw>s
8.660i - 5j = 14.14i + 14.14j + vw>s
vw>s = [-5.482i - 19.14j] m>s
Thus, the magnitude of vw/s is given by
vw = 2( -5.482)2 + (-19.14)2 = 19.9m>s

Ans.

and the direction angle u that vw/s makes with the x axis is
u = tan - 1 a

19.14
b = 74.0
5.482

Ans.

Solution II
Scalar Analysis: Applying the law of cosines by referring to the velocity diagram
shown in Fig. a,
vw>s = 2202 + 102 - 2(20)(10) cos 75
Ans.

= 19.91 m>s = 19.9 m>s

Using the result of vw/s and applying the law of sines,
sin f
sin 75
=
10
19.91

f = 29.02

Thus,
u = 45 + f = 74.0

Ans.

166