School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry

Mapua Institute of Technology

Chemical Engineering Laboratory 1

COMPUTATION

For full opening:

T = 30°C
ρ = 1000 kg/m3
D = 2.067 in = 0.0525 m
µ = 0.8 cP = 0.0008 kg/m·s
ε = 5x10-3 ft = 0.001524 m
t = 60 s
L = 3.044 m

S = (п/4)D2 = (п/4)(0.0525 m2) = 0.00216 m2

R = ε/D = 0.001524 m / 0.0525 m = 0.029

Vinitial = 0.1 m3

Vfinal = 0.217 m3

Vcollected = Vfinal -Vinitial = 0.217 - 0.1 = 0.117 m3

V = Vcollected / t = 0.117 m3/ 60 s = 1.95x10-3 m3/s

U = V / S = 1.95x10-3 m3/s / (п/4)(0.00216 m2) = 0.90 m/s

NRe = Dvρ / µ = (0.0525 m)(0.90 m/s)(1000 kg/m3) / 0.0008 kg/m·s = 59114.7 [turbulent]

R = ε/D = 0.001524 m / 0.0525 m = 0.029

1/√f = -4 log [0.27 ε/D + (7/NRe)0.9]

= -4 log [0.27(0.029) + (7/59114.7)0.9]
f = 0.014

F = -∆P/P = Rm[(sgHg/sgH2O – 1)(g/gc)]

= (5x10-3 mHg)[(13.534/1 – 1)(9.81 m/s2 / 1 kg·m/s2 / N)]
F = 0.615 N·m / kg

F = 2fu2LT / gcD
LT = FgcD / 2fu2
= (0.615 N·m / kg)(1 kg·m/s2 / N)(0.0525 m) / 2(0.014)(0.90 m/s)2
LT = 1.42 m
Leq (experimental) = LT - Lpipe
= 1.42 – 3.044
Leq (experimental) = -1.624 m

Leq (theoretical) = 0.64 m

 School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
Mapua Institute of Technology
Chemical Engineering Laboratory 1

STUDY QUESTIONS

1. Compare the theoretical equivalent lengths of the gate valve obtained at different
valve openings.

From the data obtained during the experiment, the experimental equivalent
length of the gate valve corresponds with the theoretical values. As the openings
becomes smaller, the equivalent lengths increases.
 School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
Mapua Institute of Technology
Chemical Engineering Laboratory 1

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

The experiment was started by measuring the length of the pipe to be examined

and getting its physical characteristics from references at hand. The pump was

operated after adjusting the valve correctly and the gate valve was fully opened. The

amount of water was measured during its one minute operation. The manometer was read

too. This trial was done in three-fourths, one-half, and one-forth openings using the same

procedure to compare its equivalent length. Note was taken on turning the valve properly.
 School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
Mapua Institute of Technology
Chemical Engineering Laboratory 1

CONCLUSION

• The equivalent lengths of the valve increases with smaller openings.

• The functions of the pipe fittings is an important factor in designing piping

sytems.