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MINI-LINK
In telecommunications
since 1876

In telecommunications
since 1976

DETERMINATION OF RF POWER DENSITIES IN FRONT OF MINI-LINK

ANTENNAS
The method is used for estimation of radiation hazards that may exist in front
of MINI-LINK antennas.
Radiation hazards may also exist in front of the aperture of an open
waveguide and an antenna feeder.
Personnel shall never make a direct visual examination of any
microwave radiator, reflector, waveguide, horn or any concentrated
beam radiating system during periods of transmission.
IEC 215 E8.1
1

Radiation in front of the antenna

Power density in the near-field zone.
Calculation model
p0 = qP/A and
2
A = D / 4
Where:

p0 =
q =
P =
A =
D =

power density at the antenna aperture (mW/cm )

aperture efficiency (maximum 0.6 for MINI-LINK antennas)
maximum power at antenna input flange (mW)
2
physical antenna aperture (cm )
physical antenna diameter (cm)

Actual aperture efficiency for MINI-LINK antennas is 50-60%.

The power density (p) is varying up to 4 times p0 in the near-field zone.
Then
p = 4qP/A
The power density is considered to be constant and equal to its maximum
value in the near-field zone.
Maximum occurs on the antenna axis at the distance d1.
2
d1 = 0.2 D /

where:

Prepared
EMW/SO/GX Hans Hedman

= the wavelength (cm). (cm) = 30/f (GHz)

d1 = on-axis distance from antenna (cm)
f = transmitter frequency (GHz)

Approved
EMW/ST/XGC Lars Ottosson

No.
1/1785-2/LZN 901 0073/1

Date
2001-02-20

Rev
A

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Example
15 GHz; = 2 cm
q = 0.6
P = + 27 dBm = 500 mW
D = 60 cm
2
2
A = D /4 = 2826 cm
p = 4qP/A = 4 x 0.6 x 500/2826 = 0.43 mW/cm2
d1 = 0.2 D2 / = 0.2 x 602 / 2 = 360 cm
In the near-field zone the energy is concentrated to a cylinder of diameter
equal to the antenna diameter. At the edge of the near-field cylinder the
power density is 25% of the level at the antenna axis.
From the distance d1 the power density decreases approximately in
proportion to the inverse square of the distance from the antenna.
For two transmitters connected to the same antenna the input power should
be treated as the sum of the individual input powers.

Notes to table below

*
Maximum output power (nominal + tolerance) at transmitter antenna port.
** For antenna efficiency 60%. Actual figures for MINI-LINK are 50-60%.
*** The maximum power density occurs at the distance d1 from the antenna.
**** Measurement has been performed with equipment from the production line
with
nominal output power +18dBm (63 mW). The measured maximum value,
0.017
mW/cm2, indicates that the values (p) in the table above include a sufficient
safety
factor. Corresponding calculated value is 0.06 mW/cm2. I.e. the safety
factor should be 3.5.

Prepared
EMW/SO/GX Hans Hedman

Approved
EMW/ST/XGC Lars Ottosson

No.
1/1785-2/LZN 901 0073/1

Date
2001-02-20

Rev
A

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Power density in front of MINI-LINK E antenna. Waveguide is not included.

Maximum power density is calculated according to the method described.

p is rounded up.
Maximum**
Output power*
Antenna area
power density
(dBm) P (mW)
D (cm)
A (cm2)
p (mW/cm2)
MINI-LINK 7
Std power
23
200
60
2 826
0.17
Std power
23
200
120
11 304
0.05
High power
High power
MINI-LINK 8
Std power
Std power
High power
High power
MINI-LINK 13
RAU 2
Std power
Std power
High power
High power
MINI-LINK 15
Std power****
Std power
High power
High power
MINI-LINK 18
Std power
Std power
Std power
High power
High power
High power
MINI-LINK 23
Std power
Std power
Std power
MINI-LINK 26
Std power
Std power
High power
High power
MINI-LINK 38
Std power
Std power

d1***
(m)
1.8
7.0

30
30

1000
1000

60
120

2 826
11 304

0.86
0.21

1.8
7.2

22
22

159
159

60
120

2 826
11 304

0.14
0.04

1.9
7.7

28
28

631
631

60
120

2 826
11 304

0.54
0.14

1.9
7.7

20
20

100
100

60
120

2 826
11 304

0.09
0.03

3.1
12.5

25
25

317
317

60
120

2 826
11 304

0.27
0.07

3.1
12.5

20
20

100
100

60
120

2 826
11 304

0.09
0.03

3.6
14.4

27
27

501
501

60
120

2 826
11 304

0.43
0.11

3.6
14.4

19
19
19

80
80
80

30
60
120

707
2 826
11 304

0.27
0.07
0.02

1.1
4.5
18.0

26
26
26

400
400
400

30
60
120

707
2 826
11 304

1.36
0.35
0.09

1.1
4.5
18.0

23
23
23

200
200
200

30
60
120

707
2 826
11 304

0.68
0.17
0.05

1.4
5.5
22.2

12,5
12,5

18
18

30
60

707
2 826

0.06
0.02

1.5
6.2

20,5
20,5

112
112

30
60

707
2 826

0.38
0.10

1.5
6.2

19.5
19.5

89
89

30
60

707
2 826

0.30
0.08

2.3
9.0

Prepared
EMW/SO/GX Hans Hedman

Approved
EMW/ST/XGC Lars Ottosson

No.
1/1785-2/LZN 901 0073/1

Date
2001-02-20

Rev
A