PASSIVE VOICE TO

ACTIVE VOICE
Sentences written in the active voice are easier to understand than sentences written in the passive
voice. Switching the passive voice into the active voice is straightforward, but it requires a bit of
practice. In the equivalency table below, notice that the tense of the verb to be in the passive voice is
always the same as the tense of the main verb in the active voice. In order to use the active voice,
you will have to make the subject of the action explicit.

TO KEEP, ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICES

Tense

Active
voice

Passive
voice

Active sentence

Passive eq

Simple present

keep

is kept

I keep the butter in the fridge.

The butter

Present
continuous

is keeping

is being kept

John is keeping my house tidy.

My house

Simple past

kept

was kept

Mary kept her schedule meticulously.

Mary's sch

Past continuous

was
keeping

was being
kept

The theater was keeping a seat for you.

A seat we

Present perfect

have kept

have been
kept

I have kept all your old letters.

All your ol

Past perfect

had kept

had been
kept

He had kept up his training regimen for a

month.

His trainin
for a mont

Simple Future

will keep

will be kept

Mark will keep the ficus.

The ficus w

Conditional
Present

would
keep

would be
kept

If you told me, I would keep your secret.

If you told
kept.

Tense

Active
voice

Passive
voice

Active sentence

Passive eq

Conditional Past

would
have kept

would have
been kept

I would have kept your bicycle here if you

had left it with me.

Your bicyc
if you had

Present Infinitive

to keep

to be kept

She wants to keep the book.

The book w

Perfect Infinitive

to have
kept

to have been
kept

Judy was happy to have kept the puppy.

The puppy
kept.

Present Participle
& Gerund

keeping

being kept

I have a feeling that you may be keeping a

secret.

I have a fe
being kept

Perfect Participle

having
kept

having been
kept

Having kept the bird in a cage for so long,

Jade wasn't sure it could survive in the
wild.

The bird, h
so long, m

Active / Passive Verb Forms

Sentences can be active or passive. Therefore, tenses also have "active forms" and
"passive forms." You must learn to recognize the difference to successfully speak
English.

Active Form
In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the
thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active.
[Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]
Examples:

Passive Form
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence
and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence.
You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more
important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not
know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the
action.
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]
Examples:

Active / Passive Overview

Active

Passive

Simple
Present

Once a week, Tom cleans the

house.

Once a week, the house is

cleaned by Tom.

Present
Continuous

Right now, Sarah is

writing the letter.

Right now, the letter is being

written by Sarah.

Simple Past

Sam repaired the car.

The car was repaired by Sam.

Past
Continuous

The salesman was

helping the customer when
the thief came into the store.

The customer was being

helped by the salesman when
the thief came into the store.

Present
Perfect

Many tourists have

visited that castle.

That castle has been

visited by many tourists.

Present
Perfect
Continuous

Recently, John has been

doing the work.

Recently, the work has been

being done by John.

Past Perfect

George had repaired many

cars before he received his
mechanic's license.

Many cars had been

repaired by George before he
received his mechanic's
license.

Past Perfect
Continuous

Chef Jones had been

preparing the restaurant's
fantastic dinners for two years
before he moved to Paris.

The restaurant's fantastic

dinners had been being
prepared by Chef Jones for
two years before he moved to
Paris.

Simple
Future

Someone will finish the work

by 5:00 PM.

The work will be finished by

5:00 PM.

Sally is going to make a

beautiful dinner tonight.

A beautiful dinner is going to

be made by Sally tonight.

At 8:00 PM tonight, John will

be washing the dishes.

At 8:00 PM tonight, the

dishes will be being
washed by John.

At 8:00 PM tonight, John is

going to be washing the
dishes.

At 8:00 PM tonight, the

dishes are going to be being
washed by John.

They will have

completed the project before
the deadline.

The project will have been

completed before the deadline.

They are going to have

completed the project before
the deadline.

The project is going to have

been completed before the
deadline.

The famous artist will have

been painting the mural for
over six months by the time it
is finished.

The mural will have been

being painted by the famous
artist for over six months by the
time it is finished.

WILL

Simple
Future
BE GOING TO

Future
Continuous
WILL

Future
Continuous
BE GOING TO

Future
Perfect
WILL

Future
Perfect
BE GOING TO

Future
Perfect
Continuous
WILL

Future
Perfect
Continuous
BE GOING TO

The famous artist is going to

have been painting the
mural for over six months by
the time it is finished.

The mural is going to have

been being painted by the
famous artist for over six
months by the time it is
finished.

Used to

Jerry used to pay the bills.

The bills used to be paid by

Jerry.

Would
Always

My mother would always

make the pies.

The pies would always be

made by my mother.

Future in the
Past

I knew John would finish the

work by 5:00 PM.

I knew the work would be

finished by 5:00 PM.

I thought Sally was going to

make a beautiful dinner
tonight.

I thought a beautiful dinner was

going to be made by Sally
tonight.

WOULD

Future in the
Past
WAS GOING TO

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan
pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana
subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering
digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice.
Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikelartikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan
karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting
dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.
Contoh :
Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months
Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months
Dari contoh ini dapat kita lihat bahwa:
Object dari active voice (the soil) menjadi subject dari passive voice
Subject dari active voice (we) menjadi object dari passive voice. Perhatikan pula
bahwa terjadi perubahan dari subject pronoun we menjadi object pronoun us.
Verb1 (fertilize) pada active voice menjadi verb3 (fertilized) pada passive voice.
Ditambahkannya be is di depan verb3. Be yang digunakan adalah tergantung
pada subject passive voice dan tenses yang digunakan. (Perhatikan pola-pola
passive voice di bawah). Ditambahkannya kata by di belakang verb3. Namun,
jika object dari passive voice dianggap tidak penting atau tidak diketahui, maka
object biasanya tidak dikemukakan dan begitu pula kata by. Khusus untuk
kalimat-kalimat progressive (present, past, past perfect, future, past future, dan
past future perfect continuous, perlu menambahkan being di depan verb3).
Kalau tidak ditambahkan being, tensisnya akan berubah, bukan
progressive/continuous lagi. Perhatikan contoh-contoh pada poin h o di bawah.
Berdasarkan keenam poin di atas maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai
berikut:
Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier
Pola active dan passive voice pada tiap tensis

a.
Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka be passive voice-nya
adalah is, am atau are.
Contoh:
Active

: He meets them everyday.

Passive : They are met by him everyday.

Active

: She waters this plant every two days.

Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days.

b.
Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka be passive voice-nya
adalah was atau were
Contoh:
Active

: He met them yesterday

Passive : They were met by him yesterday

Active

: She watered this plant this morning

Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning

c.
Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya
adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have, sehingga menjadi
has been atau have been
Contoh:
Active

: He has met them

Passive : They have been met by him

Active

: She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.

Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.

d.
Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya
adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga menjadi had been
Contoh:
Active

: He had met them before I came.

Passive : They had been met by him before I came.

Active

: She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here

Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here
e.
Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka be passive voice-nya
adalah be

Contoh:
Active

: He will meet them tomorrow.

Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow.

Active

: She will water this plant this afternoon.

Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon.

Active

: The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week

Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week.
f.
Jika active voice dalam future perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya
adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi will
have been
Contoh:
Active

: He will have met them before I get there tomorrow.

Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow.
Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this
afternoon.
g.
Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka be passive voicenya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary would have, sehingga menjadi
would have been.
Contoh:
Active

: He would have met them.

Passive : They would have been met by him.

Active

: She would have watered this plant.

Passive : This plant would have been watered by her.

h.
Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka be passive voicenya adalah (is, am atau are) + being.
Contoh:
Active

: He is meeting them now.

Passive : They are being met by him now.

Active

: She is watering this plant now.

Passive : This plant is being watered by her now.

i.
Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya
adalah (was atau were) + being.
Contoh:
Active

: He was meeting them.

Passive : They were being met by him.

Active

: She was watering this plant.

Passive : This plant was being watered by her.

j.
Jika active voice dalam perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voicenya adalah (has/have) been + being.
Contoh:
Active

: He has been meeting them.

Passive : They have been being met by him.

Active

: She has been watering this plant.

Passive : This plant has been being watered by her.

k.
Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense, maka be passive
voice-nya adalah had been + being.
Contoh:
Active

: He had been meeting them.

Passive : They had been being met by him.

Active

: She had been watering this plant.

Passive : This plant had been being watered by her.

l.
Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka be passive voicenya adalah will be + being.
Contoh:
Active

: He will be meeting them.

Passive : They will be being met by him.

Active

: She will be watering this plant.

Passive : This plant will be being watered by her.

m. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense, maka be passive
voice-nya adalah would be + being.

Contoh:
Active

: He would be meeting them.

Passive : They would be being met by him.

Active

: She would be watering this plant.

Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.

n.
Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense, maka be passive
voice-nya adalah will have been + being.
Contoh:
Active

: He will have been meeting them.

Passive : They will have been being met by him.

Active

: She will have been watering this plant.

Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her.

o.
Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous tense, maka be
passive voice-nya adalah would have been + being.
Contoh:
Active

: He would be meeting them.

Passive : They would be being met by him.

Active

: She would be watering this plant.

Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.

Contoh-contoh yang lain:
Kokos nose is bleeding. He was punched by his friend right on his nose. (Hidung
Koko sedang berdarah. Dia dipukul oleh temannya tepat di hidungnya).
The Indonesian football team was beaten by the Saudi Arabian team. (Team
sepakbola Indonesia dikalahkan oleh team arab Saudi).
These plants were watered by my sister a few minutes ago. (Tanaman-tanaman
ini disirami oleh adikku beberapa menit yang lalu).
There is no meal left. All has been devoured by Yeyes. (Tidak ada makan yang
tersisa. Semuanya telah dilahap habis oleh Yeyes).
English is studied by all high school students. (Bahasa Inggris dipelajari oleh
semua murid sekolah menengah lanjutan (SMP dan SMA).

Thats all. Untuk mengetahui pemahaman anda dalam kalimat aktif dan kalimat
pasif, silakan kerjakanPractice test 5.

RUMUS 16 TENSES BAHASA INGGRIS

RUMUS 16 TENSES
Kata Kerja
Kata Kerja adalah bagian inti dari Tenses Bahasa Inggris. Kata kerja atau Verb
pada rumus-rumus Tenses di blog ini, Kata kerja atau Verb ini sering saya singkat
V saja. Jadi kalau V+ing artinya sama dengan Verb+ing, sering juga saya tulis
sebagai Ving saja agar mudah.
Kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris ada banyak bentuknya: V1, V2, V3, Ving.
Kata Kerja bentuk 1 atau saya singkat V1, yaitu kata kerja dasar, seperti: drink,
go, write, read, participate, learn, study, dan sebagainya. Ada kata kerja bentuk
ke 2, sering saya singkat V2. Kata kerja bentuk 3 ya V3. Serta Kata Kerja bentuk
ING atau saya singkat Ving. Bagaimana cara menggunakan bentuk-bentuk kata
kerja tersebut? Ada di masing-masing pelajaran Tenses Bahasa Inggris.
Perubahan Bentuk Kata Kerja
Perubahan bentuk Kata Kerja bentuk 1 (V1) ke bentuk kedua (V2) dan bentuk ke
3 (V2) ada yang beraturan (ada rumusnya) dan ada juga yang tidak beraturan
(tidak ada rumusnya). Wah memamg inilah yang membuat bahasa Inggris ini
menjadi rumit bagi kita orang Indonesia, haha.
Kata Kerja Beraturan (Regular Verb):
Artinya ya mempunyai keteraturan bentuknya, ada rumusnya misalnya ditambah
D atau ED seperti: live lived lived, play, played, played. Walaupun ada
aturannya tetapi aturan perubahan tersebut masih ada beberapa. Daftar kata
kerja beraturan ini pun panjang sekali. Saya sarankan Anda mempunyai buku
Grammar Bahasa Inggris walaupun yang kecil dan sederhana, biasanya ada di
sana. Memang Anda mau menulsinya disini satu per satu?.
Kata Kerja TIDAK Beraturan (Irregular Verb):
Misalnya kata kerja drink berturut-turut untuk bentuk ke 1 sampai 3: drinkdrank-drunk. Satu contoh lain lagi: break-broke-broken. Masih ingat V1, V2, V3
dan Ving? Jangan lupa apa itu artinya ya, karena akan sering dipergunakan
dalam setiap tenses bahasa inggris
1.

Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)

a.

Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)

Rumus :
+ } S + V1 + O/C
- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C
? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Example :
+ } Sisca Reads book everyday
- } Sisca does not Read book everyday
? } does Sisca Read book everyday
Yes He does / No He does not (doesnt)
For I, We, You, They = do
He, She, It = Does
Contoh kalimat :
(+) She is a new people here.
(+) He plays football every morning
(-) She isnt a new people here.
(-) He does not playing football every morning.
(?) Is she a new people here?
(?) How playing football every morning?
b.

Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)

Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.

Rumus :
+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C
now

>>

- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >>

badmintoon now
? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C
now ?
Yes They are / no they are not

>>

+ } They are playing badmintoon

} They are not playing
? } Are they palaying badmintoon

For I = am
They, we, you = are
He, She, It = Is
Contoh dalam kalimat :
(+) He is playing badminton now
(-) He isnt playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.
c.

Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)

Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb+main verb
Contoh :
(+) you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome
(?) have you finished?
d.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)

Rumus :
(+): S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?): Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have been riding a horse for three days
(-) She hasnt been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We havent been riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she been going to Malang ?
(?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ?
2.
a.

Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)

Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)

Rumus :
+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C
-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C
?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C
Example :
+} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} were we at school yesterday ?
For I, He, She, It = Was
They, we, you = were
Contoh :
(+) I saw a good film last night
(+) He came here last month
(-) I saw not a good film last night
(-) He came not last month
(?) Saw I a good film last night
(?) Came He here last month
b.

Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)

Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week
(+) They were talking about sport when I met him
(-) He wasnt watching television all afternoon last week
(-) They werent talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week

(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him

c.

Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)

Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
(+): S + had + V3
(-): S + had + not + V3
(?): Had + S + V3
Contoh :
(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
(+) The ship had left before I arrived
(-) When my brother arrived , I hadnt painted my motor cycle
(-) The ship hadnt left before I arrived
(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?
d.

Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)

Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) They had been living there for two month
(+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton
(-) They hadnt been living there for two month
(-) When they washed my dress , your father hadnt been playing badminton
(?) Had they been living there for two month?
(?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?
3.
a.

Future Tense (Akan Datang)

Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)

Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb

Contoh :
(+) I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.
(+) he will met girl friend by seven oclock
(?) Will he go to America next month?
(+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
b.

Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)Rumus :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Contoh :
(+) I will be writing a comic.
(+) I will be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ?
c.

Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)

Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) Iwill havefinishedby 10am.
(+) Youwill haveforgottenme by then.
(-) Shewillnothavegoneto school.
(-) Wewillnothaveleft.
(?) Willyou havearrived?
(?) Willthey havereceivedit?
d.
Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan
Datang)
Rumus :

subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb

Contoh :
(+) I will have been reading a news paper.
(+) He will have been listening music.
(-) I will havent been reading a news paper.
(-) He will havent listening a music.
(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He have listening a music ?
4.
a.

Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)

Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)

Rumus :
Positif: S + would + V1
Negatif: S + would + not + V1
Tanya: Would + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) He would come if you invited him.
(+) They would buy a home the previous day.
(-) He wouldnt come if invited him.
(-) They wouldnt buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would He come if invited him ?
(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?
b.
Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu
Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + be + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.

(+) I shall be sliping at 10 oclock tomorrow.

(-) I shouldnt be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I shallnt be sleeping at 10 oclock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?
(?) Shall I be sleeping at10 oclock tomorrow ?
c.

Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)

Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + V3
Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3
Tanya: Would + S + have + V3
Contoh :
(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.
(+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week.
(-) He wouldnt have gone if he had met his darling
(-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week
(?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?
(?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ?
d.

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

(Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)

Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + been + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Ving
Contoh :
Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years
(+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years
(+) Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years
(-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldnt have been walking here for seventeen year

(-) Rianawati wouldnt have been speaking English for two years
(?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?
(?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?