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INTRODUCTION
Expansive soils are those soils which show major volume
changes due to change in the moisture content causing
major damage to property. These soils contain minerals
such as montmorillonite clays that are capable of absorbing
water. When they absorb water they increase in volume.
The more water they absorb the more their volume.
Although mechanical compaction, dewatering and earth
reinforcement have been found to improve the strength of
the soils, other methods like stabilization using admixtures
are more advantageous. The different admixtures available
are lime, cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag etc. The
stabilization of expansive soils with Cement and lime is
well documented [13, 3]. Cement stabilization nowadays is
less appreciated because of the increasing cost of cement
and environmental concerns related to its production. India
being the second largest producer of cement has a very
heavy impact on the CO2 emissions. One can imagine from
the fact that approximately one tone of CO2 is produced
during the production of one tone of cement. On the other
hand lime also contributes CO2 to the world climate during
its production. Moreover lime is not suitable for soils which
contain sulfates as the presence of sulfates can increase the
swelling due to the formation of swelling minerals such as
ettringite and thaumasite [10]. With this growing evidence
the requirement to find alternatives to Cement and lime has
been made more pressing in recent years. The focus is on
the use of the industrial materials like Fly ash and Ground
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS). Fly ash is a
byproduct from burning pulverized coal in electric power
generating plants. GGBS is manufactured from blast
furnace slag, a by-product from the manufacture of iron.
GGBS is obtained by quenching molten iron blast furnace
slag immediately in water or stream, to produce a glassy
granular product that is then dried and ground into a fine
powder. It is an excellent binder to produce high
performance cement and concrete. As industrial waste
materials have little or no production cost, using these
materials in the field of Geotechnical Engineering saves
construction cost. The beneficial use of these industrial
413
2.61
2.01
2.83
Liquid limit: %
76
31.34
31.5
Plastic limit: %
35
NP
NP
Plasticity index: %
Shrinkage limit: %
Modified Free swell
index:cm/g
41
10
NP
-
NP
-
4.22
33
22
26
13.56
12.83
12.74
OMC: %
MDD (kN/m)
BC soil
GGBS
Fly ash
40
0.7
54
23
76.3
96.67
CH
1.33
Soil classification
METHODOLOGY
Compaction studies
The unit weight of GGBS-soil mixture is an important
parameter because it controls the strength, compressibility,
and permeability. Densification improves engineering
properties [8]. Mini Compaction tests designed by
33.00
1.386
20% GGBS
31.00
1.382
40% GGBS
29.00
1.370
60% GGBS
27.50
1.364
GGBS alone
26.00
1.316