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Mathematics (5)
BA 323
Chapter (1)
Taylors and Power Series Method
for Solving ODE
Prepared by :
Dr. Eng. Adel Mohamed Elrefaey
1 | Page
BA323 Lec.No(1)
Dr Adel Elrefaey
f ( x) is
nth derivative
f ( x)
n 0
f ( x) f ( x0 )
f ( n ) ( x0 )
( x x0 ) n
n!
f ( x0 )
f ( x0 )
f ( x0 )
( x x0 )
( x x0 ) 2
( x x0 )3
1!
2!
3!
f ( x) f (0)
f (0)
f (0) 2 f (0) 3
( x)
( x)
( x)
1!
2!
3!
2 | Page
BA323 Lec.No(1)
Dr Adel Elrefaey
y ( x) y ( x0 )
y( x0 )
y( x0 )
y( x0 )
( x x0 )
( x x0 ) 2
( x x0 )3
1!
2!
3!
Solution:
y(1) 1
y x 2 y 2
y (1) 12 12 0
y 2 x 2 yy
y(1) 2(1) 0 2
y 2 2( yy y 2 )
y(1) 2
y (iv ) 2(3 y y yy )
y (iv ) (1) 4
Then the first four non-zero terms of the power series solution is
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BA323 Lec.No(1)
Dr Adel Elrefaey
y ( x) y ( x0 )
y ( x) y (1)
y ( x) 1
Or
y( x0 )
y( x0 )
y( x0 )
( x x0 )
( x x0 ) 2
( x x0 )3
1!
2!
3!
y(1)
y(1)
y(1)
y(1)
( x 1)
( x 1)2
( x 1)3
( x 1) 4
1!
2!
3!
4!
2
2
4
( x 1) 2 ( x 1)3 ( x 1) 4
2!
3!
4!
1
1
y ( x) 1 ( x 1) 2 ( x 1)3 ( x 1) 4
3
6
Example(2) Find the first four non-zero terms in a power series solution for the
differential equation y xy yy , when x 0 , y 0 , y 1, y 2 ,
Solution:
y(0) 0
y(0) 1
y(0) 2
y xy yy
y(0) 0
y (iv ) y xy y 2 yy
y (iv ) (0) 1
y ( v ) 2 y xy 3 yy yy
y ( v ) (0) 8
Then the first four non-zero terms of the power series solution is
y ( x) y ( x0 )
y ( x)
y( x0 )
y( x0 )
y( x0 )
( x x0 )
( x x0 ) 2
( x x0 )3
1!
2!
3!
1
2
1
8
x x 2 x 4 x5
1!
2!
4!
5!
4 | Page
BA323 Lec.No(1)
Dr Adel Elrefaey
Or
y ( x) x x 2
1 4 1 5
x x
24
15
Exercise 1
Obtain the first four non-zero terms of the power solution for each of the following
initial value problems:
1. y x y 1 ,
y 1,
19
Ans:
y ( x) 1 2( x 1) 3( x 1) 2 ( x 1)3
3
2
y sin( xy ) x ,
x 0, y 3,
when
3
1
3
Ans:
y ( x) 3 x 2 x3 x 4
2
3
4
2
2
y x y ,
x 0 , y 1,
y 0 ,
when
1
1
7 6
Ans:
y ( x) 1 x 2 x 4
x
2
6
360
x 0, y 0,
y 1,
y xy yy , when
1
1
Ans:
y ( x) x x 2 x 4 x5
24
15
y 3 3 x y 2 x y 0 , when
x 0 , y 1,
1
5
Ans:
y ( x) 1 x x 2 x3 .
2
18
2
3
3y y y x , when
x 0 , y 1,
1
Ans:
y ( x)
81 27 x 9 x 2 5 x3
81
2 2
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
when
x 1,
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y 2 .
BA323 Lec.No(1)
Dr Adel Elrefaey