Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.

1) Installation On Oracle Linux 6

This article describes the installation of Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1)
(64-bit) on Oracle Linux 6 (64-bit). The article is based on a server installati
on with a minimum of 2G swap, with SELinux set to permissive and the firewall di
sabled. The following package groups were included for this installation.
Base System > Base
Base System > Compatibility libraries
Base System > Hardware monitoring utilities
Base System > Large Systems Performance
Base System > Network file system client
Base System > Performance Tools
Base System > Perl Support
Servers > Server Platform
Servers > System administration tools
Desktops > Desktop
Desktops > Desktop Platform
Desktops > Fonts
Desktops > General Purpose Desktop
Desktops > Graphical Administration Tools
Desktops > Input Methods
Desktops > X Window System
Applications > Internet Browser
Development > Additional Development
Development > Development Tools
An example of this type of Linux installations can be seen here. Alternative ins
tallations may require more packages to be loaded, in addition to the ones liste
d below.
Download Software
Unpack Files
Hosts File
Oracle Installation Prerequisites
Automatic Setup
Manual Setup
Additional Setup
Installation
Post Installation
Common Errors
Download Software
Download the Oracle software from OTN or MOS depending on your support status.
OTN: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit).
edelivery: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2) Software (64-bit)
This article has been updated for the 12.1.0.2 release, but the installation is
essentially unchanged since 12.1.0.1. Any variations specific for 12.1.0.1 will
be noted.
Depending on your version of VirtualBox and Oracle Linux, there may be some slig
ht variation in how the screen shots look.
Unpack Files
Unzip the files.
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
You should now have a single directory called "database" containing installation
files.

Hosts File
The "/etc/hosts" file must contain a fully qualified name for the server.
<IP-address> <fully-qualified-machine-name> <machine-name>
For example.
127.0.0.1
localhost.localdomain localhost
192.168.0.210 ol6-121.localdomain
ol6-121
Oracle Installation Prerequisites
Perform either the Automatic Setup or the Manual Setup to complete the basic pre
requisites. The Additional Setup is required for all installations.
Automatic Setup
If you plan to use the "oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall" package to perform
all your prerequisite setup, issue the following command.
# yum install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall -y
Earlier versions of Oracle Linux required manual setup of the Yum repository by
following the instructions at http://public-yum.oracle.com.
It is probably worth doing a full update as well, but this is not strictly speak
ing necessary.
# yum update
Manual Setup
If you have not used the "oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall" package to perfo
rm all prerequisites, you will need to manually perform the following setup task
s.
Add or amend the following lines in the "/etc/sysctl.conf" file.
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
Run the following command to change the current kernel parameters.
/sbin/sysctl -p
Add the following lines to the "/etc/security/limits.conf" file.
oracle
oracle
oracle
oracle
oracle
oracle
Install

soft nofile
1024
hard nofile
65536
soft nproc
16384
hard nproc
16384
soft stack
10240
hard stack
32768
the following packages if they are not already present.

# From Public Yum or ULN

yum install binutils -y

yum install compat-libcap1 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y
yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y
yum install gcc -y
yum install gcc-c++ -y
yum install glibc -y
yum install glibc.i686 -y
yum install glibc-devel -y
yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y
yum install ksh -y
yum install libgcc -y
yum install libgcc.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++ -y
yum install libstdc++.i686 -y
yum install libstdc++-devel -y
yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y
yum install libaio -y
yum install libaio.i686 -y
yum install libaio-devel -y
yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y
yum install libXext -y
yum install libXext.i686 -y
yum install libXtst -y
yum install libXtst.i686 -y
yum install libX11 -y
yum install libX11.i686 -y
yum install libXau -y
yum install libXau.i686 -y
yum install libxcb -y
yum install libxcb.i686 -y
yum install libXi -y
yum install libXi.i686 -y
yum install make -y
yum install sysstat -y
yum install unixODBC -y
yum install unixODBC-devel -y
Create the new groups and users.
groupadd -g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
#groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
#groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
#groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
#groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
#groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
#groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
usermod -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
Uncomment the extra groups you require.
Additional Setup
The following steps must be performed, whether you did the manual or automatic s
etup.
Set the password for the "oracle" user.

passwd oracle
Amend the "/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf" file as described below. See MO
S Note [ID 1487773.1]
# Change this
*
soft

nproc

1024

# To this
* - nproc 16384
Set secure Linux to permissive by editing the "/etc/selinux/config" file, making
sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
SELINUX=permissive
Once the change is complete, restart the server or run the following command.
# setenforce Permissive
If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it
, as shown here or here. To disable it, do the following.
# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off
Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01
Putting mount points directly under root is typically a bad idea. It's done her
e for simplicity, but for a real installation "/" should be reserved for the OS.
Unless you are working from the console, or using SSH tunnelling, login as root
and issue the following command.
xhost +<machine-name>
Add the following lines at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file.
# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export
export
export
export
export

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ol6-121.localdomain
ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0.2/db_1
ORACLE_SID=cdb1

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
Installation
Log into the oracle user. If you are using X emulation then set the DISPLAY envi
ronmental variable.
DISPLAY=<machine-name>:0.0; export DISPLAY
Start the Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) by issuing the following command in t
he database directory.
./runInstaller
Proceed with the installation of your choice.

If you are doing an installation for an Enterprise Manager repository, remember

to do an advanced installation and pick the ALT32UTF8 character set.
You can see the type of installation I performed by clicking on the links below
to see screen shots of each stage.
Configure Security Updates
My Oracle Support Credentials
Select Installation Type
System Class
Grid Installation Options
Select Install Type
Typical Install Configuration
Create Inventory
Perform Prerequisite Checks
Summary
Install Product
Execute Configuration Scripts
Oracle Database Configuration
Database Configuration Assistant
Database Configuration Assistant Complete
Finish
Database Express 12c Login
Database Express 12c Dashboard
The "Database Configuration Assistant Complete" screen displays the Database Ex
press 12c URL, which will be something like "https://ol6-121.localdomain:5500/em
".
Post Installation
Edit the "/etc/oratab" file setting the restart flag for each instance to 'Y'.
cdb1:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1:Y
If Database Express 12c is not working, check the XMLDB HTTP port. If it is 0, s
et it to the port you want to use.
SQL> SELECT dbms_xdb_config.gethttpsport FROM dual;
GETHTTPSPORT
-----------5500
SQL> EXEC dbms_xdb_config.sethttpsport(5500);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL>
Common Errors
"error code 35" : The machine name in the "/etc/hosts" file is not correct. It n
eeds an entry for the loopback adapter (localhost) and the machine name. If you
are using DNS for name resolution, you still need the loopback adapter reference
in this file.
"error code 37" : The DNS not working properly. You may also get this error is t
he "/etc/hosts" file is not configured correctly.
"sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libclntsh.so.12.1" : The prerequ
isites have not been met. Work through them again. Specifically, make sure the "
gcc" package has been installed.

Listener fails to start - Typically this is due to incorrect name resolution. Ma

ke sure the "/etc/hosts" and/or DNS is configured correctly.
Linking errors - Almost always due to missing prerequisites. Review the setup se
ctions.
For more information see:
Oracle Database Installation Guide 12c Release 1 (12.1) for Linux
Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Linux
Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) Silent Installations
Hope this helps. Regards Tim...
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