1.

DEFINITION of SIN
(according to Catechism of the Catholic Church)

It is an offense against reason, truth, and right conscience.

It is a failure in genuine love for God and neighbor.
It wounds the nature of the human person and injures human solidarity.

DEVIATION

Voluntary
turning away
or departure
from the
right order

CONTRADICTION

It is an internal
conflict between the
true nature of man as
oriented to God and
his earthly preoccupations and
tendencies.

SIN IS FAILURE TO LOVE

2. CONCEPT OF SIN IN
SACRED SCRIPTURES
OLD TESTAMENT
Sin is often looked upon as a transgression of Gods law and will.
The sin of Adam and Eve is not only the original but also the
typical infidelity of humankind.

2. CONCEPT OF SIN IN
SACRED SCRIPTURES
OLD TESTAMENT
Sin is the rupture of the covenant bond, the violation of the spousal
relationship.

It is a negative response to Gods call.

It leads to death, both spiritual and physical.

The OT presents three basic notions of sin

(CFC #766):
Offense inflicted on
another by failing to
meet ones covenant
obligation.
2. Depravity and Refer to the defect of
perversity
character or disorder
that weighs the sinner
down.
3. Rebellion and Conscious choice
transgression
which destroys
1. Missing the
mark

2. CONCEPT OF SIN IN
SACRED SCRIPTURES
NEW TESTAMENT
Sin is considered as ungrateful desertion of the Lord.

(Lk. 15:11-32)

The sinner lives in enmity against God; therefore, sinners are

excluded from the Kingdom of God. (1 Cor. 6:9; Gal. 5:21)

3. DIMENSIONS OF SIN

PERSONAL

Sin that
destroys ones
inner
wholeness

SOCIAL

RELIGIOUS
DIMENSION

Sin that affects Sin that rejects and

and causes harm
Ignores the structures
established by God
to ones
neighbor
REJECTION OF GOD

4. DEGREES OF SIN

A. MORTAL
Derived from the Latin mors meaning death

A morally wrong decision which is so intensive

that it gives a wrong orientation to mans life.
A sin which causes a total break in our
relationship with God.

One commits mortal sin

when:
1. There is full knowledge or
full awareness of the
wrong choice
2. Gravity or seriousness of
the matter
3. There is full consent of
the free will that
presupposes the actual
doing of the wrong option.

4. DEGREES OF SIN
B. VENIAL

From the Latin venia meaning favor or pardon

A sin that causes a weakening or a strain in our

relationship with God.

5. DIVISIONS OF SIN
INTERNAL SINS
Internal sins occur in the mind.
They are found in thought and desire.

Kinds of Internal Sins

1) mental complacency in sinful imaginations;
2) sinful joy in an evil deed; 3) evil desire; 4)
prejudice or bias

KINDS OF INTERNAL SINS

1) MENTAL COMPLACENCY IN SINFUL IMAGINATIONS

Takes pleasure in sinful thoughts or

desires without the intention of
bringing these into act.

KINDS OF INTERNAL SINS

2) SINFUL JOY

Takes pleasure in an evil deed

done to another.

KINDS OF INTERNAL SINS

3) SINFUL REGRET

Disappointment in not having

performed an evil deed.

KINDS OF INTERNAL SINS

4) EVIL DESIRE

The desire or resolution to

perform a sinful action

KINDS OF INTERNAL SINS

5) PREJUDICE OR BIAS

-A preconceived
judgment or opinion
that causes injury
to another persons
rights.

-An individual or groups irrational attitude of

hostility directed against an individual, a
group, a race, or their supposed
characteristics.
-Racism, imperialism and sexism are
examples of bias.

6. SINS OF OMISSION
AND COMMISSION

SIN OF OMISSION

The failure to perform

an obligatory act.

SIN OF COMMISSION

The performance
of a forbidden act

7. CAPITAL SINS
They are called capital
not because they are
always necessarily
grave, but because they
easily become vices
and sources of many
other sins.
Listed by Gregory the
Great (604)

A capital vice is that which

has an exceedingly
desirable end so that in his
desire for it a man goes on
to the commission of many
sins all of which are said to
originate in that vice as
their chief source.
St. Thomas Aquinas

PRIDE OR VAINGLORY
inordinate desire of honor and distinction
and independence.
it is opposed to the virtue of humility

ENVY

is discontent over the good of ones

neighbor, which is considered
detrimental to ones own person.
it is opposed to brotherliness and
magnanimity

LUST

The inordinate craving for sexual

gratification
Opposed to the virtue of chastity

GLUTTONY

excessive enjoyment of food and

drink
opposed to temperance and
sobriety

ANGER

the intemperate outburst of dislike

with the inordinate desire for
anothers punishment
Opposed to patience and meekness

SLOTH

Laziness in wider sense

In a narrow sense, it means religious spiritual
sloth, a turning away
from spiritual things because of the effort which
they require
Opposed to piety and love of God

8. SOURCES OF SIN
TEMPTATION
The incitement acting upon
a person to do evil.
It is the attraction by a
good which in the larger
context constitutes evil.

SEDUCTION
The deliberate effort to lead others to sin.
Presupposes that the seduced person is
led to an action
which stands in contradiction
to his her original personal intention in
mind.

9. IMPACT OF A SINFULLY
DISTORTED WORLD
Man is often turned away
from doing good and
urged to evil
by the social environment
in which he lives
and in which he is
immersed since the day of
his birth

10. EFFECTS OF SIN

IT WOUNDS
THE NATURE OF
MAN

IT INJURES
HUMAN
SOLIDARITY

MAN IS
DEPRIVED OF
THE GLORY
OF IMAGE OF
GOD