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Corresponding Author:
Samaneh Heydari
Samaneh Heydari
Marjan Soltani
Mojtaba Mohaghegh
Zeeshan Ahmed
ferdows zarrabi, M.S.
In this letter, a Ultra Wide Band (UWB) monopole antenna based on metamaterial
(MTM) unit cell with reconfigurable quality has been developed. In this current
research, the antenna is covering 3.1-10.6GHz for UWB applications and a
reconfigurable narrow band for L-band and wireless applications. The gaps in Split
Rings Resonator (SRR) element are made for Left-hand capacitance and -shape
strip layer by four via junctions are used for Left-hand inductance. The antenna is
printed on FR-4 low cost substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6
mm. The total size of the antenna is 40mm40mm. It is simulated using HFSS
commercial full wave software. In addition, the experimental results are presented and
compared with simulation. The antenna gives a peak gain of 6dBi with OmniDirectional radiation pattern and high efficiency of more than 70%. By applying 4
switches in - shape strip layer, we have success designed a reconfigurable antenna
for wireless applications.
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), R
L is left handed resonance frequency ( L
C L
L L
TABLE 1
GEOMETRICAL PARAMETERS OF THE PROPOSED ANTENNA
parameter
Mm
a
b
c
d
e
f
r3
r1
r2
40
40
19.6
1
19
4
3.5
6
9.5
(a)
(
R
C L
R R
sh
1
) and
C L
L R
sh (
1
)
C L
R L
(b)
III.
CRLH Theory and equivalent circuit
CRLH-TL is including series inductance and parallel
capacitances, along with parallel inductors and series
capacitors. Series inductor and parallel capacitor are known as
right handed TL (LR and CR) and the parallel inductor and
series capacitor are called left handed inductor and capacitor
(LL and CL) [22-23]. In this current research, the gaps are
parallel capacitance and the via and -shape strip is made the
series inductance in our CRLH model.
For MTL, effective permeability and permittivity can be
achieved by calculation of Z and Y as presented in (1) [22]:
LR
1
Z
CL j
2
CR
1
Y
LL j
2
(1)
1
Where Z j L R 1 / m , Y j CR
S / m .
LL
C L
W
Q1 0.04598. 0.03 1 . 0.272 0.07. r
(4)
1.23
1 0.12. W2 W1 1
0.9
On the other hand, the Via are made an Left hand inductance
in equivalent circuit and it can be calculated by (5) [24]:
2h
2r
L 2 107 h ln 0.5 0.75
via
h
r
(5)
b
wh
L
0.00508.b. ln 2.
.5 0.2235.(
)
strip
b
wh
In our structure the W1=W2 and h=1.6mm therefore the P and
Q1 are obtained 1.23 and 0.044, respectively, and capacitance
is 18.55 pf in this antenna for each gap. With equation (5) the
via inductance is achieved 0.452 nH and inductance of the
strip approximately around 0.730 nH. Therefore, by neglecting
the inductance of the ring and other coupling parameter the
Left hand frequency is obtained around 1.07 GHz and the
Right hand frequency can be calculated by monopole ring
antenna calculation at (6) [25] :
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fL
0.72
(6)
c r2 p
(a)
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(c)
Fig. 6 the surface current a distribution for top and bottom faces (a) 4 GHz in
slot (b) 6 GHz (c) 8 GHz
(b)
Fig.5 magnitude of S11 Results for simulation of prototype antenna for (a) off
switches (b) on switches
(a)
The simulated radiation patterns (co-polarization and crosspolarization) in E-plane (y-z plane) and H-plane (x-z plane) at
3GHz and 6GHz of the prototype antenna are shown in Fig.
8(a-d). The prototype antenna has Omni-directional pattern in
E-plane.
(b)
(a)
(b)
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(c)
(d)
12 Fig. 8 Radiation pattern (a)simulation of E-plane at 3GHz for phi=0
13 (b)simulation of H-plane at 3GHz for theta=90 (c)simulation of E-plane at
14 3GHz for phi=0 (d)simulation of H-plane at 3GHz for theta=90
15
Conclusion
16 In this paper a modified UWB antenna with metamaterial unit
17 cells, for achieving dual band characteristic, has been
18 presented. The presented antenna has reconfigurable
19
characteristic by using four switches which can be replaced
20
with PIN diode or RF memes switches in fabricated model and
21
by applying 4 switches in -shape strip layer, it serves as a
22
reconfigurable antenna for wireless application in the range of
23
1GHz-3 GHz.
24
With numerical modeling, we are able to give simply
25
calculation for obtaining the ZOR resonance.
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References:
29
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