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CMI Industry offers pyrohydrolysis

Advanced
Solutions for
Extractive
Metallurgy
Applications
The efficient way
of extracting metal
compounds.

of metal chlorides along with related


up- and downstream processes:
solvent extraction, ion exchange,
evaporation, crystallization,
precipitation, filtration, calcination,
and electrolysis.

We design, develop and perfect


processes to produce a wide variety
of valuable intermediate and finished
compounds (ore concentrates,
hydroxides, and mixed oxides).
With decades of experience in
pyrohydrolysis, calcination, sintering,
and roasting, CMI Industry, including
NESA Solutions, offers a full range
of innovative solutions from initial
feasibility studies and pilot plant trials,
to full scale plants.

industry@cmigroupe.com
Cockerill Maintenance & Ingnierie

www.cmigroupe.com

Contents

Introduction

Technology Focus
Market Focus
Hydrometallurgical Applications

Core Competences

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching


Solvent Extraction (SX)
Pyrohydrolysis
Calcination / Sintering / Roasting

Typical Applications

Overview
Process Block Diagram Magnesia
Process Block Diagram Synthetic Rutile
Process Block Diagram TiO2 Pigment Grade
Process Block Diagram NiO / CoO / Co2O3
Process Block Diagram Al2O3
Process Block Diagram NiOAl2O3 / CoOAl2O3
Process Block Diagram MoS2
Process Block Diagram REO Separation
Metal Oxides (Examples)

Working With Us

Integrated Solutions
Scope of Services
Project Examples
References
Contacts

Contents

Introduction

Technology Focus
Market Focus
Hydrometallurgical Applications

Core Competences

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching


Solvent Extraction (SX)
Pyrohydrolysis
Calcination / Sintering / Roasting

Typical Applications

Overview
Process Block Diagram Magnesia
Process Block Diagram Synthetic Rutile
Process Block Diagram TiO2 Pigment Grade
Process Block Diagram NiO / CoO / Co2O3
Process Block Diagram Al2O3
Process Block Diagram NiOAl2O3 / CoOAl2O3
Process Block Diagram MoS2
Process Block Diagram REO Separation
Metal Oxides (Examples)

Working With Us

Integrated Solutions
Scope of Services
Project Examples
References
Contacts

Technology Focus
We Are Focusing on Innovative Technologies in the Field of Metal Extraction

Mining

Ore Concentration

Crushing
Grinding
Magnetic, gravity,
electrostatic sep.
Flotation

Drilling
Mining
Collecting
Transporting
Stocking

Solid/Liquid
Separation
Filtration
Thickening
Flotation

Metal Extraction

Alloying
Rolling

Metal Recovery

Chemical/Physical Separation

Solvent Extraction
Ion-Exchange
Precipitation
Adsorption
Absorption
Membrane Process

Transformation

Leaching
Pyrohydrolysis
Calcination
Sintering
Roasting

Chem. Reduction
Electrolysis
Cementation

Environment
Effluent Management
Acid Regeneration

Market Focus
We Offer Mineral and Ore Processing Technologies for Numerous Applications in
Various Industries

Hydrometallurgical Applications
We Extract a Wide Range of Metals by Chemical and Physical Methods
H

He

Li

Be

Ne

Na

Mg

Al

Si

Cl

Ar

Ca

Sc

Ti

Cr

Mn

Fe

Co

Ni

Cu

Zn

Ga

Ge

As

Se

Br

Kr

Rb

Sr

Zr

Nb

Mo

Tc

Ru

Rh

Pd

Ag

Cd

In

Sn

Sb

Te

Xe

Cs

Ba

Hf

Ta

Re

Os

Ir

Pt

Au

Hg

Tl

Pb

Bi

Po

At

Rn

Fr

Ra

Rf

Db

Sg

Bh

Hs

Mt

Ds

Rg

Cn

La

Ce

Pr

Nd

Pm

Sm

Eu

Gd

Tb

Dy

Ho

Er

Tm

Yb

Lu

Ac

Th

Pa

Np

Pu

Am

Cm

Bk

Cf

Es

Fm

Md

No

Lr

Contents

Introduction

Technology Focus
Market Focus
Hydrometallurgical Applications

Core Competences

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching


Solvent Extraction (SX)
Pyrohydrolysis
Calcination / Sintering / Roasting

Typical Applications

Overview
Process Block Diagram Magnesia
Process Block Diagram Synthetic Rutile
Process Block Diagram TiO2 Pigment Grade
Process Block Diagram NiO / CoO / Co2O3
Process Block Diagram Al2O3
Process Block Diagram NiOAl2O3 / CoOAl2O3
Process Block Diagram MoS2
Process Block Diagram REO Separation
Metal Oxides (Examples)

Working With Us

Integrated Solutions
Scope of Services
Project Examples
References
Contacts

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching


Advantages of Hydrochloric Acid Leaching
Leaching

Solvent
Extraction

Pyrohydrolysis

Cost efficient and sustainable


HCl is completely recovered using our
Acid Recovery Process (ARP): this gives
independence from chemical suppliers
and greatly enhances the environmental
performance of the overall process

Added value through valuable by-products

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

Integration of an Acid Regeneration Plant (ARP) produces metal oxide as a high quality
by-product. Depending on the desired properties of the oxide we can offer an ARP based
on either the Spray Roaster Process (SR) or the Fluidized Bed Process (FB)

Solvent Extraction (SX)


Simplified Solvent Extraction (SX) Circuit
Leaching

Solvent
Extraction

Pyrohydrolysis

Scrubbing

Extraction

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

Stripping

Solvent Extraction (SX)


Single Element Solvent Extraction (SX) Unit
Leaching

Mixer-settlers

Solvent
Extraction

Pyrohydrolysis

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting
Agitator vessels

Storage tanks

10

Pyrohydrolysis
Integration of Pyrohydrolysis in the Metal Extraction Process
Leaching
Ore

Solvent
Extraction

Impurity
removal

Leaching

HCl

Solid/liquid
separation

(18 wt%)

Pyrohydrolysis
Pyrohydrolysis

Evaporation

Fluidized Bed
or
Spray Roaster

H2O

Metal Oxide
Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

11

Solvent
Extraction

Insolubles
Impurities

Tailings

Product

Pyrohydrolysis
Fluidized Bed Process - Acid Regeneration Plant (FB-ARP)
Leaching
Off-gas treatment
system
Absorber system

Solvent
Extraction

Cyclone

Reactor

Pyrohydrolysis

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

Oxide storage

12

Pyrohydrolysis
Spray Roaster Process - Acid Regeneration Plant (SR-ARP)
Leaching
Reactor

Solvent
Extraction

Oxide storage
and handling

Pyrohydrolysis

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

Off-gas treatment
system
Tank farm

13

Calcination / Sintering / Roasting


Calcination, Sintering and Roasting of Industrial Minerals
Leaching

Solvent
Extraction

Pyrohydrolysis

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

Calcination is mainly a thermal decomposition of carbonates and hydroxides. The main


chemical reactions may be expressed as:

whereas Me refers to Mg, Ca, Mn, Pb, Zn.


CMI NESA Multiple Hearth Furnaces (MHF) are particularly suited for the production of
calcined industrial minerals having specific reactivity, requiring good control of retention
time, temperature and atmosphere.
Sintering is the bonding of adjacent surfaces of particles in a mass of powder or a compact
by heating. CMI offers sintering based on shaft kilns particulary suited for the sintering of
dolomite, magnesia briquettes, alumina and zirconia. Typical capacity of plant is in the order
of 25,000 to 60,000 tons/year.
Different types of Roasting can be achieved in CMI NESA MHF:
Oxidizing Roasting of Molybdenum Sulfides MoS2 + O2 -> MoO3 + 2 SO2
Selective roasting for the treatment of complex sulfide concentrates in order to
volatilize elements such as As, Sb, Bi and Hg.

14

Calcination / Sintering / Roasting

Leaching

Calcination based on CMI NESA Multiple Hearth Furnaces (MHF)


Technology

Reactor

Solvent
Extraction

Pyrohydrolysis

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

Tank farm

15

Calcination / Sintering / Roasting


Sintering based on CMI NESA Vertical Shaft Kiln (VSK) Technology
Leaching

Solvent
Extraction

Pyrohydrolysis

Calcination /
Sintering /
Roasting

16

Contents

Introduction

Technology Focus
Market Focus
Hydrometallurgical Applications

Core Competences

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching


Solvent Extraction (SX)
Pyrohydrolysis
Calcination / Sintering / Roasting

Typical Applications

Overview
Process Block Diagram Magnesia
Process Block Diagram Synthetic Rutile
Process Block Diagram TiO2 Pigment Grade
Process Block Diagram NiO / CoO / Co2O3
Process Block Diagram Al2O3
Process Block Diagram NiOAl2O3 / CoOAl2O3
Process Block Diagram MoS2
Process Block Diagram REO Separation
Metal Oxides (Examples)

Working With Us

Integrated Solutions
Scope of Services
Project Examples
References
Contacts

17

Overview
Product

Process

Typical Feedstock

Leaching

SX

MgO (caustic/sintered)

Magnesite, Serpentine, Dolomite,


Brucite, Bischofite, Flue Dust, End
Brines from Potash Production

Synthetic Rutile

Ilmenite

TiO2 Pigment Grade

Ilmenite

NiO

Laterite (Limonite, Garnierite)

CoO

Laterite (Asbolan, Heterogenite)

Al2O3 / Al2O3

Clays

NiOAl2O3
CoOAl2O3

NiCl2+AlCl3 solution
CoCl2+AlCl3 solution

MoO3

MoS2

Rare Earth Oxides


(REO)

Monazite, Bastnasite, Loparite,


Xenotime

1)

Focus on oxide production

2)

SR-ARP

FB-ARP

Calcination (MHF) /
Sintering (VSK) /
Roasting (MHF)

1)

2)

2)

2)

1)

1)

2)

1)

2)

2)

Focus on HCl recovery

SR-ARP: Spray Roaster Acid Recovery Process

FB-ARP: Fluidized Bed Acid Recovery Process

VSK: Vertical Shaft Kiln


18

SX: Solvent Extraction

MHF: Multiple Hearth Furnace

Process Block Diagram - Magnesia

Magnesite
Serpentine
Dolomite
Brucite
Flue Dust

Leaching

Precipitation

Filtration

Impurities

MgCl2, KCl, NaCl, CaCl2

Pyrohydrolysis

Regenerated HCl

Spray Roaster

Bischofite,
End Brines from
Potash Prod.

MgO, KCl, NaCl, CaCl2

Sintered MgO
(>99 wt%)

Caustic Calcined MgO


(>98 wt%)

Sintering
VSK

Calcination
MHF

19

Re-hydration

Mg(OH)2

Filtration

H2O

KCl,
NaCl,
CaCl2

Process Block Diagram Synthetic Rutile

Ilmenite

Magnetic
Separation

Roasting

Anaerobic
Cooling

Leaching

Magnetic
Separation

Gangue minerals

Filtration
Leach liquor

Washing

Pyrohydrolysis

Gangue minerals
Regenerated HCl

Fluidized Bed/
Spray Roaster
Iron oxide

Drying/
Calcination

Synthetic Rutile

20

(>95.5 wt%)

Process Block Diagram TiO2 Pigment Grade

Regenerated HCl

Ilmenite

Leaching

Solid/Liquid
Separation

Solvent
Extraction

MeCl3

Pyrohydrolysis
Spray Roaster

Fe-free
solution
Mixed chlorides

Solvent
Extraction

Metal Oxide

Ti containing strip liquor

TiO2

Pigment Grade
(>99 wt%)

Calcination

Solid/Liquid
Separation

21

Precipitation

Process Block Diagram NiO/CoO

Laterite

Leaching

Regenerated
HCl

Impurity
Removal

Solid/Liquid
Separation

Impurities
Insolubles

Tailings
NiCl2 + CoCl2

Pyrohydrolysis

Evaporation

NiCl2

Fluidized Bed

NiO

H2O

Pyrohydrolysis

Evaporation

Spray Roaster

CoO / Co2O3

H2O

22

Solvent
Extraction
CoCl2

Process Block Diagram Alumina

Clay

Leaching

Filtration

Crystallization

Residues

Regenerated HCl

Pyrohydrolysis
Spray Roaster

FeCl3

Solid/Liquid
Separation

Fe2O3

Al2O3

Calcination
1250C

Calcination
450C

Al2O3

23

HCl gas

Process Block Diagram NiOAl2O3/CoOAl2O3

NiCl2 + AlCl3

Pyrohydrolysis
Spray Roaster

HCl

NiOAl2O3

CoCl2 + AlCl3

Pyrohydrolysis
Spray Roaster

CoOAl2O3

24

HCl

Process Block Diagram MoS2

MoS2 + O2

Roasting
MHF

25

MoO3 + 2 SO2

Process Block Diagram REO Separation


RECl3
SX

La2O3

Lafree
sol.

SX
La, Cefree sol.

CeO2

SX
Pr-Nd
conc.

La-, Ce-, Pr-, Nd-,


Sm-, Eu-, Gd-free
sol.

La-, Ce-, Pr-, Nd-,


Sm-, Eu-free sol.

La-, Ce-, Pr-,


Ndfree sol.

SX

SX

SX

Gd2O3

Y2O3

Sm-Eu
conc.

SX
Nd2O3

Pr5O11

SX
Sm2O3 Eu2O3

26

HREE

Metal Oxides
Iron Oxide from Pickling Liquor Comparison SR-/FB-Oxide

27

Metal Oxides
Metal Oxide Samples Produced by Spray Roaster / Fluidized Bed / MHF / VSK

*) Downstream Process in MFH and VSK


28

Metal Oxides
Rare Earth Oxide Samples Produced by Solvent Extraction

29

Contents

Introduction

Technology Focus
Market Focus
Hydrometallurgical Applications

Core Competences

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching


Solvent Extraction (SX)
Pyrohydrolysis
Calcination / Sintering / Roasting

Typical Applications

Overview
Process Block Diagram Magnesia
Process Block Diagram Synthetic Rutile
Process Block Diagram TiO2 Pigment Grade
Process Block Diagram NiO / CoO / Co2O3
Process Block Diagram Al2O3
Process Block Diagram NiOAl2O3 / CoOAl2O3
Process Block Diagram MoS2
Process Block Diagram REO Separation
Metal Oxides (Examples)

Working With Us

Integrated Solutions
Scope of Services
Project Examples
References
Contacts

30

Integrated Solutions

COMBINED ENGINEERING & MAINTENANCE CONTRACTOR


MAIN CONTRACTOR FOR TURNKEY PROJECTS

(Civil Engineering, Utilities, Building Construction, )

SUPPLIER OF COMPLETE
MECHANICAL, CHEMICAL
& THERMAL SYSTEMS
SUPPLIER OF EQUIPMENT

31

REVAMPING

MAIN CONTRACTOR FOR PROJECTS & EQUIPMENT

Scope of Services

Project Management
Engineering
Procurement
Construction

Training
After Sales
Maintenance

Basic / detail engineering


(all lots/sections)

Training of operating and


maintenance staff

Process developments,
metallurg. testwork, lab tests

Sourcing of materials and


equipment optimized to
clients demand

Periodic inspections

Basic Process Designs

Construction & Commissioning

Audits, Impact Assessments


(EIA/ESIA)

Site supervision and


management, acceptance tests

Project Development

(Pre-)Feasibilities (feedstock,
processes, products,
economics, environment, etc)

Surveillance of health & safety


measures

32

Assessment of KPIs
Adjustments
Wear parts management

Replacement of wear parts

Project Examples
Solvent Extraction of Gallium and REE (1 of 2)

33

Project Examples
Solvent Extraction of Gallium and REE (2 of 2)

34

Project Examples
Acid Regeneration Plant - Spray Roaster Type (1 of 2)

35

Project Examples
Acid Regeneration Plant - Spray Roaster Type (2 of 2)

36

Project Examples
Production of Spray Roaster Magnesia

37

Project Examples
Acid Regeneration Plant Fluidized Bed Type (1 of 2)

38

Project Examples
Acid Regeneration Plant Fluidized Bed Type (2 of 2)

39

Project Examples
CMI NESA Multiple Hearth Furnaces (MHF) / Vertical Shaft Kiln (VSK) Applications

40

Project Examples
CMI NESA Pilot and Testing Facility

41

References
SR-/FB-Acid Regeneration Plants since 2000 (1 of 2)
Client

Country

Capacity

Type

Notes

Year

MARCELGALIA

Italy

9,000 l/h

FB

New

2010

TINPLATE COMPANY TATA

India

2,700 l/h

SR

New

2010

TIANJIN IRON & STEEL

China

1,800 l/h

FB

New

2010

ASIAN COLOUR COATED ISPAT LTD.

India

2,800 l/h

FB

New

2010

FOOLAD GHARB ASIA CO

Iran

3,200 l/h

FB

New

2009

CORPACERO

Colombia

2,500 l/h

FB

New

2009

FAJR SEPAHAN GALVANIZING INDUSTRIES

Iran

1,800 l/h

FB

New

2009

YESU PVT. LTD.

Ethopia

1,800 l/h

FB

New

2009

BUSHAN POWER & STEEL

India

2 x 2,800 l/h

FB

New, twin system

2008

ILVA CORNIGLIANO

Italy

2 x 6,000 l/h

FB

New, twin system

2008

SEMINAN ROLLING MILL

Iran

3,200 l/h

FB

New

2007

YUNGKONG

Malaysia

2,300 l/h

FB

New

2007

SUN STEEL CORPORATION

Vietnam

3,200 l/h

SR

New

2006

PT. GUNNUNG GARUDA

Indonesia

2,000 l/h

SR

New

2006

ILVA TARANTO

Italy

12,000 l/h

SR

New

2006

ARCELOR (SOLLAC)

France

2 x 8,000 l/h

FB

Revamping

2006

ZAPORIZHSTAL

Ukraine

2 x 6,500 l/h

FB

New, twin system

2006

SR . . . Spray Roaster Process

FB . . . Fluidized Bed Process

42

References
SR-/FB-Acid Regeneration Plants since 2000 (2 of 2)
Client

Country

USIMINAS

Brazil

APM

Mexico

SHENZHEN SINO MASTER STEEL

Capacity

Type

Notes

Year

2 x 4,500 l/h

SR

Revamping

2006

10,000 l/h

FB

Greenfield

2006

China

2,000 l/h

SR

New

2005

NINGBO STEEL

China

2,000 l/h

SR

New

2005

TAT METAL

Turkey

1,850 l/h

FB

New

2005

MMK

Russia

7,000 l/h

SR

New

2005

MMK

Russia

11,000 l/h

SR

New

2005

ERDEMIR

Turkey

8,300 l/h

FB

New

2004

DOFASCO

Canada

2 x 8,900 l/h

FB

Twin system

2005

DONGKUK

Korea

3,500 l/h

SR

New

2004

LISCO

Libya

2,500 l/h

SR

New

2004

BORCELIK

Turkey

3,300 l/h

FB

Additional system

2004

TEZCAN

Turkey

3,000 l/h

FB

Greenfield

2004

MARCEGAGLIA

Italy

5,100 l/h

FB

Additional system

2004

DUFERCO

Belgium

2,500 l/h

FB

Capacity increasing

2003

GORO NICKEL

Australia

3 x 28,500 l/h

FB

New

2002

ILVA

Italy

5 400 l/h

FB

New

2000

SR . . . Spray Roaster Process

FB . . . Fluidized Bed Process

43

References
CMI NESA MHF/VSK Installations (1 of 3)
Client

Country

PURE IRON

Armenia

OUTOTEC

Germany

MAGNESITA

Brazil

STYROMAG

Austria

FELS WERKS

Germany

MAADEN

Saudi Arabia

KWANGYANG FERRO ALLOY

Korea

CLIMAX MOLYBDENIUM

Netherlands

confidential

Germany

GRACE

Germany

FOSKOR

South Africa

CIMENTS DORIGNY

France

CODELCO

Chile

DALTON COMMERCIAL

Size

Application

Year

21 6 O.D. - 8#

Molybdenite roasting

2011

2x - 21 6 O.D. - 14 #

Molybdenite roasting

2011

1 shaft kiln

Magnesite

2011

14 3 O.D. - 7 #

Magnesite

2010

1 shaft kiln

confidential

2010

1 shaft kiln

Magnesite

2007

21 6 O.D. - 10 #

Molybdenite roasting

2006

21 6 O.D. - 12 #

Molybdenite roasting

2005

18 9 O.D. - 6 #

confidential

2004

16 0 O.D. - 6 #

Calcining furnace

2001

Tabular Alumina

2000

Confidential application

1999

216 O.D. - 12 #

Molybdenite roasting

1997

Armenia

216 O.D. - 12 #

Molybdenite roasting

1997

CIA MINERA EL INDIO Kilborn Inc.

Chile

259 O.D. - 16 #

Selective roasting

1995

UNION MINIERE R&D

Belgium

18 I.D.

Pilot testing

1995

COGEBI

Belgium

Rotary kiln 0.6 m I.D.

Mica calciner

1994

DEAD SEA PERICLASE

Israel

3x Cooling screw

Cooler

1994

GRACE GmbH

Germany

Special calciner

1984

shaft kiln
233 O.D. - 7 #

160 O.D. 6#

44

References
CMI NESA MHF/VSK Installations (2 of 3)
Client

Country

Size

Application

CIMENTS DOBOURG

Belgium

Fluid bed combustor

A.G.C.D.

Peru

ASTURIANA DE ZINC

Spain

COGEMA / KREBS

France

ST. JOE MINERAL

Chile

JOHNSON MATTHEY CHEMICALS

UK

MADEN TETKIK VE ARAMA ENST.

Turkey

SHEFFIELD SMELTING

UK

EDELEANU/CAPITAL PLANT/NAFTAGAS

Yugoslavia

SOFREM

France

54 I.D. 4#

FIMISCO/SCALISTIRI GROUP

Greece

Shaft kiln

FIMISCO/SCALISTIRI GROUP

Greece

250 O.D. 16#

MINAS ALMADEN

Spain

NESA

Belgium

VIEILLE-MONTAGNE

Year

Coal wahery shale combustion for


hot drying gas

1983

Pyrites roasters

1982

100 O.D. - 7#

Silver residue roasting

1980

166 O.D. 6#

Uranium yellow cake calciner

1979

Selective roasting

1979

Matte roaster

1978

Laboratory furnace

1978

Matte roaster

1977

Bauxite regeneration

1977

Molybdenum recovery

1977

Dead burned magnesia

1975

Magnesium carbonate

1974

Mercury calcination

1974

Rotary kiln 1.6 m I.D.

Test laboratory furnace

1972

Belgium

169 O.D. 7#

Calcination magnesium
hydrocarbonate

1972

MONTE AMIATA/ORINOCO

Italy

223 O.D. 8#

Cinnabar roasting

1971

NESA

Belgium

Test laboratory furnace

1971

3x 18 I.D.
36 I.D. 6#
2x Fluid bed I.D. 0.6 m

216 O.D. - 14#

86 O.D. 6#
18 I.D.
86 O.D. 6#
109 O.D. 6#

Special MHF

36 I.D. 6#

45

References
CMI NESA MHF/VSK Installations (3 of 3)
Client

Country

Size

Application

Year

DEAD SEA PERICLASE

Israel

250 O.D. 15#


Shaft Kiln

Calcination Mg(OH)2
Calcination MgO periclase

1970

SADACEM

Belgium

216 O.D. 10#

Molybdenite roasting

1969

NESA

Belgium

18 I.D.

Laboratory furnace

1969

SACOR FOSTER WHEELER

Portugal

86 O.D. 6#

Bauxite regeneration

1967

CLIMAX MOLYBDENIUM Cy-FLOUR SCHUYTVLOT

Netherlands

216 O.D. 12#

Molybdenite roasting

1965

C.F.R. RAFFINERIE FOSTER WHEELER

France

100 O.D. 8#

Bauxite

1964

SOCIETE DELECTRO-CHIMIE, DELECTROMETALLURGIE ET DES ACIERIES ELECTRIQUES


DUGINE

France

203 O.D. - 8#

Molybdenite

1961

SOQUIMICA

Portugal

Laboratory furnace

1960

BATTIGNOLLES-CHATILLON

Brazil

100 O.D. - 8#

Bauxite

1957

CONSEIL NATIONALE DU PETROL DU BRESIL

Brazil

100 O.D. 6#

Fullers Earth

1954

QUIMICO DE LA ASTUR BELGA

Spain

169 O.D. 8#

Mercury

1954

S.p.A. PIOMBO E ZINCO

Italy

Zinc concentrate

1950

UNIVERSITY OF LIEGE

Belgium

18 I.D.

Laboratory furnace

1949

PRODUITS CHIMIQUES DE LIMBOURG

Belgium

2x 196 O.D. 8#

Zinc concentrate

1938

S.A. CREDITUL MINIER

Romania

Fullers Earth

1933

SOCIETE NORVEGIENNE DE LAZOTE

Norway

Copper concentrate

1933

18 I.D.

2x 216 O.D. 8#

60 O.D. 8#
3x 216 O.D. 12#

46

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