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Final Project Report:

Financial Performance Analysis of MCB Bank Ltd

Client Organization:
MCB BANK Ltd

Under the supervision


MADAM NAUREEN A.GAHFFAR
By
FAHAD IFTIKHAR (01-120111-014)
BILAL RASOOL

(01-120111-012)

Submitted to:
Research cell

Sector E-8 Shangrila road Islamabad


DECEMBER 15, 2014

Red-1,green-2,blue-3,orange-4,purple-5,yello16,grey-6,white-7,navy blue-9

In the name of Allah the


Most Beneficent the Most
Merciful
Acknowledgment:
First of all we would thank to ALLAH Almighty for making us able to reach at this
stage of our educational life. We would also like to thank our supervisor Ms. Naureen
A Gahffar who provided us assistance for the achievement of our project. A special
thanks to our families and friends who supported us at every step. The selection of
project topic and availability of data relevant to the project was a big challenge for us.
We would like to thank Mr.JunaidYounasGohri (Vice president MCB Bank) and Mr.
Syed FawadAli (Treasury Manager MCB financial division Lahore) for their
assistance.

DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to our beloved families and all our teachers who taught us
throughout our educational career.

Abstract:
The study is intended for the banking sector. Study specifically related with the
financial performance analysis of the MCB bank. How MCB established their setup.
How Bank reached at the peak position in the Banking industry of the Pakistan.
Where there financial Performance of the MCB bank is analyzed as well as the
SWOT analysis of the MCB bank is conducted under the umbrella and guidance of
the horizontal analysis as well as the different sector ratio analysis which gives us the
true picture and the position of MCB bank. Deposits are the life blood for any bank so
there is a need to enhance deposits for smoothly ongoing banking departments. Where
the problem was identified the recommendations are also established to overcome
such problems.

Table of Contents
1.

Executive summary:.............................................................................................

2.

Overview of the organization:..............................................................................


2.1)Introduction:......................................................................................................
2.2)Quick history of the mcb:..................................................................................
2.3)Nature of the organization:.............................................................................
2.4Business volume:.............................................................................................
2.5)Shareholding structure:...................................................................................
2.6)Number of employees:....................................................................................

3.

Organizational structure:....................................................................................
3.1)Organizational Chart:......................................................................................
3.2) Board of directors:..........................................................................................
3.3)Functions and responsibility of department:...................................................

4.

Finance deptt - structure & functions:................................................................


4.1) Diagram of finance department:....................................................................
4.2) Functions & operations of finance department :............................................
4.3) Role of financial manager:.............................................................................
4.4) Use of electronc data in decision making :.....................................................
4.5) Sources of funds:...........................................................................................
4.6) Generation of funds:......................................................................................
4.7) Allocation of funds:........................................................................................
4.9)SWOT analysis:...............................................................................................

5. Financial Performance Analysis............................................................................


5.1) Financial Climaxes of balance sheet:.............................................................
5.2)Financial Climaxes of income statment::.........................................................
5.3)Horizontal Analysis of Balance sheet:.............................................................
5.4)Horizontal Analysis of Income Statement:.......................................................
5.5) Ratios Analysis:..............................................................................................
6.

Weaknesses and shortfall of mcb bank:.............................................................

7.

Conclusion:.........................................................................................................

8.

RECOMMENDATIONS..........................................................................................

9.

Bibliography:......................................................................................................

10.Annexures:..........................................................................................................

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In the new competitive business era, private banking sector is getting more
competitive in Pakistan. In this sector the most used financial statements are the
balance sheet and profit and loss account where the balance sheet shows the financial
position and profit and loss account shows the net profit or net loss of a bank. Ratio
Analysis deals with these statements. Ratio analysis is the most popular trend to
evaluate a banks performance over years or with other companies in an industry. In
our report we cover the area of MCB bank financial statements for the last few years then
analyze and give substantial comments about the changes in the financial position.
Analysis and explanation of these financial statements through ratio analysis has now
become an important skill for performance appraisal because the investors, financial
experts, management executives and the bankers are always rely on these ratios to
make important judgments. The management team of any bank, investor and the
government agencies always concern about liquidity ratios and adequacy ratios of
a bank which interprets the efficiency of a bank. As a part of our course completion,
we have worked on MCB bank for learning the activities of general banking, general
advance and foreign exchange department. We have examined the financial
statements of MCB to find out its ratios by using its past record. After making this
report we came to know that analysis of financial statements through ratios helps to
overcome the past flaws and make the future decisions and strategies. Therefore, it is
very necessary for every organization whether the companys size make financial
statements and to analyze its ratios

2.OVERVIEWOFTHEORGANIZATION
2.1) Introduction
MCB is not achieved overnight. MCB is the largest bank in the private sector as well.
It was incorporated in Calcutta in July 9, 1947 under the Indian companies Act VII of
1936 as a limited company. After the partition of the INDO-PAK subcontinent the
bank move to Dhaka (Capital of former East Pakistan and now Bangladesh) from
where it commenced business in August 1948. In 1956 the bank moved as registered
office to Karachi where the head office currently located. On Jan 13, 1948, the name
The Muslim Commercial Bank Limited was changed to Muslim Commercial Bank
Limited. This is regulated under the Banking Ordinance 1962 & the Companies
6

Ordinance 1984. Thus, the bank inherits a 60 year legacy of trust in its customer and
the citizen of Pakistan. It was privatized in early 1990s.It has a network of over 1200
branches all over the country, with business establishments in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka
and Bahrain.
The province wise break of branch is:

Punjab

54%

Baluchistan

19%

Sindh

21%

KPK

23%

(Source: MCB main portal)

Mission Statement
Challenging and Changing the Way you Bank

Vision Statement
MCB Banks team of committed professionals is dedicated to maintaining long term
customer relationships through outstanding service and convenience.

(Source:

(MCB PAKISTAN, 2014)

CENTRAL VALUES
Trust
We are the trustees of public funds and serve with integrity & commitment. Ethical
behavior is of critical importance to us. We adopt full compliance with internal and
external policies and procedures, operating within the legal framework
Customer Focus
We continuously seek to exceed MCB customers expectations, forging and
maintaining long term relationships
Innovation
We strive to be the market leaders in innovative products and services offering
customized financial solutions with flawless execution
Teamwork
The diversity of our people is our strength. We inspire and challenge each other
working together to achieve synergy
Achievement
Our people are our most valuable asset. We are committed to a result oriented culture.
Our goals are clear and merit is the only criterion for reward.
Social Responsibility
As responsible citizens we contribute to the social welfare of the community we live
in
(MCB PAKISTAN, 2014)

2.2)QUICK HISTORY OF THE MCB


The bank was founded in 1947 by a merchant Muslim, Sir Adamjee Haji Dawood,
and started the business from August 17, 1948.In order to encourage traders Muslims
to participate in the banking sector. The bank was nationalized on 01 January 1974.
The head office of the bank is located in Chundrigarh II, Karachi. The bank is
structured under banking ordinance 1962 & Companies Ordinance 1984.
10

The past From Nationalization to Privatization


Ongoing in 1947, MCB was nationalized in 1974 when the government took control
of all major commercial banks operating in Pakistan (five locally incorporated banks).
During this period, there was drop in the quality of loan portfolio and service quality.
This denoted a considerable challenge for the new management team when MCB was
privatized in 1991, with the government selling a 51% pole to the Nishat Group. MCB
was the first bank to be privatized following the nationalization of the banking sector.
Participation remaining government was sold in smaller parcels, in 2001, through a
mixture of on and off stock sales market. As a result of this period of ownership and
control of the government, MCB post privatization invested heavily in improving its
image, modernization of its branch network, infrastructure and IT. In addition, efforts
were made to restructure the organizationwith the closure of inefficient branches and
reduce the number of employees.
The bank has one of the best IT foundations within its peer group of large banks and
has the biggest ATM network (over 644 or about 40% of the installed ATMs in the
country) and 1122 online branches at year-end 2013. The bank has obtained a number
of industry awards since 2000 Best Bank in Pakistan award from Euro money in
six out of the last seven years and Best Domestic Commercial Bank in Pakistan
award from Asia Money for the last three years. Bank has recently won the CFA
award.

ICAP & ICMAP


Best Corporate Report Award 2013

ASIA MONEY AWARDS


The Best Bank in Asia Award 2008
The Best Bank in Asia" award for the year 2008.
The Best Domestic Commercial Bank Award 2005
MCB Continues to shine as once again Asia Money declares MCB as "The Best
Domestic Commercial Bank in Pakistan" for the year 2005.The Best Domestic

11

Commercial Bank Award 2004.MCB has a distinction of winning the Asia Money
2004 award for being "The Best Domestic Commercial Bank in Pakistan".
CFA 11th Excellence Awards
Best Bank of the year 2013 (Large Bank category)
Most Stable Bank of the year 2013
Asia money Awards, Hong Kong
Best of the Best Domestic Bank
The Asian Banker, USA
Strongest Bank in Pakistan 2014

2.3) NATURE OF THE ORGANIZATION


MCB is the 3rd major commercial bank in Pakistan on most processes, proposing a
suite of wholesale and retail banking products and services through its delivery
network. We are initiating coverage on the stock with a BUY rating premised on

Deposit Leading Franchise


MCB is the market ground breaker in terms of small cost, demand and savings
deposits. Low cost deposits are 91% of MCBs deposit base vs. 69% for sector,
backings MCBs funding cost advantage.

Crown start for Internal Rearrangement and Improvement


Privatized in 1991, MCB has already addressed many of the restructuring issues its
peers now face. This can assist in MCB gaining market share.

Managing Team
Most of MCBs high-ranking management team has had work experience at
worldwide banks and have a strong execution track record.

2.4) BUSINESS VOLUME


Bank has Authorized Capital of Rs.6,500 000,000 for its operational and financing
accomplishments and currently its aggregate income for the year 2013 is Rs.46,244
000,000 and the profit after taxation is Rs.12,142 000,000 in 2007. The aggregate
12

amount of deposits in year 2012 was 257,462 000,000 and in 2013 was 302,597
000,000 with the number of accounts opened is approximately 4300,000 in 2013 and
5,900,000 in 2014. And borrowings from other financial institutions are 23,943
000,000 on the other hand advances given are 198,239 000,000 and investments made
up to year 2013 are 63,486 000,000. The price earnings ratio in year 2013 was Rs.
10.52
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

3,500

6,500

6,500

6,500

6,500

DEPOSITS

211,511

221,069

229,342

257,462

325,642

ADVANCES

97,200

137,318

180,323

198,239

298,982

INVESTMENTS

128,277

67,195

69,481

63,486

89,648

BORROWINGS

32,628

7,591

27,378

23,943

41,377

RESERVES

281,636

359,340

4,990,260

5,530,973

6,350,834

2,230

2,432

8,922

12,142

23,299

AUTHORIZE
CAPITAL

PROFIT
(after Taxation)

(Source: MCB Annual report 2009,MCB Annual report 2010, MCB Annual
report 2011, MCB Annual report 2012, MCB Annual report 2013)
It is major commercial banks in Pakistan in terms of assets and deposits industry
leading second in standings of the number of branches and the biggest in terms of
ATMs at the end of 2012. Banks market stake of assets and deposits is to some extent
over 10% for both. Bank is a full service, nationwide bank, offering commercial
banking (retail, SME and wholesale), investment banking (treasury) and Islamic
banking products and services that are allowed under SBP sagacious procedures.
MCB also has five overseas branches. Bank owns and operates one of the two shifts
in Pakistan, and issues common insurance products and facilities traced from its
majority owned insurance subsidiary, Adamjee (major all-purpose insurance company
in Pakistan).
13

(Source: MCB Intranet portal for employees)


Bank has one of the robust deposit collecting franchises in Pakistan, imitating its
standing as a bank of convenience or community bank. Bank holdups some of its
peers in the consumer finance business, even if we expect a re-launch of its
outstanding product offering, credit cards, in the near future. MCB has traditionally
been resilient in the SME and corporate marketplaces.

SIZE AND REACH OF MCB BANK

PKR 310000,000,000 (US$ 5000,000,000) in assets, PKR 229000,000,000


(US$ 4.4000,000,000) in deposits

Loan mix is 54% corporate, 12% SME, 7% consumer, 21% commodity, 6%


other

Deposit mix 62% savings, 28% non-remunerative current, 8% fixed, 2%


other

1217 domestic branches that is expected to increase to 1310 by the end of this
year , 9 oreign branches, over 644 ATMs, 135 cities, 6

14

MARKET POSITIONING
Market share of assets and deposits MCB is the 4th largest bank in the sector
having nearly 8% market share of total assets and deposits.

(Source: MCB Intranet portal for employees)

(Source: MCB Intranet portal for employees)

Consumer credit market share of bank : The banks have a low market share
of the consumer market as compared with its peers (5%), however they expect to
increase the MCB has launched its consumer credit

15

Cost efficiency: Bank`s Cost / Income is one of the lowest in the peers with a
network of branches that are similar in size due to the efforts of restructuring in recent
years and a trebling of revenue. close in 2007

Profitability: The banks have one of the top cost-effectiveness in the banking
sector on the basis of higher net interest margin.

2.5) SHAREHOLDING STRUCTURE


Shareholder

Shares

(Mn)
Nishat Group

180.7

35.30%

MCB Employee Funds

68.1

13.30%

AtifYaseen

31.6

6.20%

Tariq Rafi

28.1

5.50%

SM Mun

26.9

5.30%

Mohammad Arshad

23.4

4.60%

Public

152.9

29.90%

511.7

100.00

Total

(Source: MCB home potal)

2.6) NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES

16

MCB has over the years concentrated on rationalization its operations through closure
of inefficient branches and reduction in workforce. Over the last five years bank has
open 139 branches and. YTD, MCB increase its staff by 689 employees primarily in
the non-clerical officer class. Bank has invested in technology and is in the process of
implementing a core banking application.
(Source: MCB HR portal)

Year

Employees

2014

Above 10,000

2013

9,895

2012

9,352

2011

9,042

2010

8,625

GRADE-WISE BREAKUP OF EMPLOYEES FOR THE YEAR 2013


Serial
No.

Cadre (Designation)

No. of
Employees

01.

Chairman

01

02.

SEVP

06

03.

EVP2

10

04.

EVP1

07

05.

SVP

60

06.

VP

350

07.

AVP

1,500

08.

OG-1

1,198

09

OG-2

1,800

10.

OG-3

3,001

12.

OG-4

1,089

11.

CASHIER/CLERICAL

1,487

(Source: MCB HR portal)

STAFF
TOTAL

10,509

17

3. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
3.1) Organizational chart

(Source: Annual Report of MCB, 2013)

3.2) Board of Directors


18

Mian Mohammad Mansha

Chairman

S. M. Muneer

Vice
Chairman

Tariq Rafi

Director

ShahzadSaleem

Director

Sarmad Amin

Director

MianRazaMansha

Director

Aftab Ahmad Khan

Director

MianUmerMansha

Director

Dato' Seri Ismail Shahudin

Director

Ahmad AlmanAslam

Director

Muhammad Ali Zeb

Director

MohdSuhail Amar Suresh Bin


Abdullah

Director

Imran Maqbool

President &
CEO

(Source: Annual Report of MCB, 2013)

Advisor
RazaMansha

Audit Committee

19

Dr. Muhammad Yaqub

Chairman

MianUmerMansha

Member

Aftab Ahmad Khan

Member

Mr. Tariq Rafi

Member

Chief Financial Officer


Tahir Hassan Qureshi

Company Secretary
Fida Ali Mirza

Auditors
1

Ahmad AlmanAslam

Chairman

Tariq Rafi

Member

Aftab Ahmad Khan

Member

Advisors
4
Dato' Seri Ismail Shahudin
Mandviwalla&Zafar
Advocates & Legal Consultants

Member

Company Secretary
Fida AliRegistered
Mirza

Office

MCB Building, F-6 / G-6, Jinnah Avenue, Islamabad.

Principal Office
MCB Tower, I.I. Chundrigarh Road, Karachi.

Registrar's and Share Registration Office

THK Associated (Pvt.) Ltd.

Shares Department, Ground Floor.

Modern Motors House.

Beaumont Road, Karachi.

20

3.3) Functions and responsibility of department


Audit
Internal audit is carried out by the service bank verification of all branches and departments / offices that
ensures smooth and error / fraud less work and also according to the prudential regulations issued by SBP
from time to time. It is headed by the Chief Audit and reports directly to the President and Executive
Committee (CODIR). The following functions were conducted by the department:

Internal Audits
Observance to latest SBP guidelines
Compliance of audit objections
Provide base line to Internal Control Department

Business Development
All functions of marketing and promotional programs / packages are in the business
development of the field. This department is under siege and is overseen by
MANCOM or group leaders.
Department of Business Development is responsible for advertising and promotional
direct mail, brochures, programs, initiatives, market research, brand development,
database management, marketing and product development activities.
Cash Department

Two main/major functions of Cash department is cash receipts & cash payments. In
cash department, all the counters display notes as per SBP instructions i.e.

Mutilated / Soiled Notes are accepted here.

Utility Bills are accepted here.

Count your cash before leaving the counter.

Fresh Notes are available here.

In cash receipts, Bank Cash Department receives Cash deposits for:

Credit in customers accounts

Utility Bills

School/College/University Fees

Societies/Embassies/Clubs Fees

In cash payments, Bank Cash Department pays Cash to:


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Customers / Account Holders against bearer/Open Cheques

Advice & Pay Telegraphic Transfer (TT)

Bearer/Open PO & DD

Traveler Cheques

Inward Foreign Remittance bearing FDD or CNICs of Walk in Customers


(FDD in local currency issued by Cash Management Services Department CMD i.e. Speed Cash, remit Express & HSBC Drafts)

Branch operations
Usually back office workings of the branch especially non-financial transactions that
establish the first relation with the client i.e. account opening & also perform
following functions:

Account Opening

Handling of Lockers and,

Day to day other operations of the branch.

Remittances
It includes incoming and outgoing remittances in both local currency and foreign.
Transfer foreign currency affected the normal mode of demand from foreign bodies
FDD check -FC TC and foreign travelers, mainly through SWIFT messages are also
functions as follows. :

Pay Order

Demand Draft

Foreign Demand Drafts

Mail Transfer

Telegraphic Transfer

Online Transfers

Traveler Cheques

SWIFT

Credits
Advances department of the bank prepared to offer credit loans and forwarded for
approval to the manager and head office. All progress is controlled by the party
22

headquarters of Credit Management. As per the requirements of the State Bank of


Pakistan in this moment, all banks must submit the following documents for
processing and approval of credit card use.

Loan Application

Borrowers Basic Fact Sheet - BBFS

The responsibility of the advances department in MCB includes:

Handling of all cases regarding loans (short term and long term both)

Forward the cases for approval and consideration to higher authorities

Estimates the borrowers requirements

To disburse the sanctioned loans

To calculate markup on loans

Foreign exchange
Scope of foreign exchange department includes FC deposits and FC remittances and
Trade Finance. Trade Finance includes Imports & exports, L/Cs e.t.c. Foreign
Exchange Department deals with the following:

Imports & Exports

Opening of L/C & Acceptance of L/C

Processing & Transmission of L/C

Handling of Foreign Currency Accounts

Information technology
MCB department of information technology plays an important role in the
competitive market. IT department to help solve the issues involved in IT. It also
works to develop software for the purpose banks and individuals / software training. It
provides a communication link between the branches and offices for monitoring and
control of their contacts. Also fixed exchange communication e-mail.

Executive and legal services division


Support the corporate governance of banks by providing decision support functions
for the management and Board of Directors of the Bank are also represented as an
23

entity through the Office of the Corporate Secretary and their attorneys provide legal
services to banks. Major Unusual forward to open such accounts Associations NGOs
accounts, trust accounts for taking legal opinion on the opening of these accounts.
Except in the case of death of the account holder's account balances, transfer them to
his legal heirs on the part of the succession certificate, also called the Law
Department.

Strategic planning division


Specializes in the development and management of the Bank's strategic planning
framework to support corporate responsibility objectives, implementation and
production of business strategy from the perspective of both annual and medium-term
planning

Facilities and security services


Provide a practical, safe, and adaptable work environment for the Bank, ensuring
effective management, use, and maintenance of assets.
Facilities services include:
Applying

services strategy focused on clients' industry needs for

effectiveness, overall efficiency, and long-term stewardship


Developing and implement infrastructure and processes to support
business continuity
Managing the Bank's tenants
Security services include:
Safeguarding the Bank's assets
Developing and implementing security policy and standards
Providing security management, screening, and operations

Financial services division

24

The Department of Financial Services provides a solid financial framework for


decision-making and effective accountability between the Bank. The department is
responsible for accounting and the Bank's financial information as a corporation. It
provides services for financial management and reporting, contract management,
procurement and payment services.

Financial markets division


Finance Department is a combination of the operations and analysis. Functions of
their operations, including monetary policy, the government's cash management and
foreign exchange reserves;

Collections
Collection objective is to maintain minimum levels of crime and to reduce the credit
risk of loans, consumer banking and mortgage portfolios. Instead of contacting past
due loan customers via email and phone in an attempt to exercise the repayment plan.
When these efforts failed, they manage. Repossessions and adhere to protect the
interests of the bank. Collection department allows timely collection of financial
entities of all consumers. It has units divided on the basis of the agency's consumer
banking. Today, every bank has set up an agency for the collection back.

General services division


Services consist of several smaller groups responsible for the day to day running of
the bank facilities of the group is responsible for the management and maintenance of
all buildings belonging to the East Coast Purchasing Department is responsible. The
procurement of office furniture, office supplies, labels, and business cards statement /
print services group is responsible for printing the letters of all customers, including
the declaration statement and payment documents and prepares them for. This
division includes the provision of stationery, stationery, security, employment,
Janitorial and security firms other procurement of furniture, office equipment and
coordination with all agencies and branches. Bank And every type of customer
contact

Human resources

25

Human Resources as a function of support for the bank stacks facilitate and enhance
the ability of the Bank to recruit, develop, reward and retain staff with a variety of
staff, has been prepared and motivated. to achieve the objectives and goals of the
Bank, Human Resources provide quality service to all employees and is responsible
for the administration of employee benefits, public relations, employment, salaries,
and training and development.
Basic four functions of this department are:

Hiring of Staff

Training of Staff

Career Development

Firing of Staff

4.FINANCE DEPTT - STRUCTURE &


FUNCTIONS
4.1) Diagram of finance department

26

(Source: MCB financial division Lahore)

27

Finance Department is responsible for the preparation of the budget and the allocation
of departmental FCD following hierarchy levels shown in the diagram above FCD to
ensure that the costs at any point in addition to the budget deficit or cap / budget
surplus and through investment in T-bills or the contraction of the money from the
money market. Make sure that the account of the deposit will be credited with an
interest rate that is required by all.
Furthermore, they scope of responsibilities includes:

Attaining cost-effective Treasury operations.

Floating funds in the international capital markets to support the Banks lending
operations.

Dealing the Banks liability portfolio.

Providing positive financial policy, timely strategic financial planning and risk
management.

Ensuring that all financial obligations are met and collections made.

Creating prompt and accurate financial reporting and producing audited


financial statements for the Bank's Annual Report.

Overseeing internal controls in the processing of financial transactions.

4.2) Functions & operations of finance department


Main functions of finance department

Keeping of books of accounts and provision of financial statements of the bank


in accordance with the IAS, as accepted by the Bank.

Matching and enabling for Business planning and budgeting function in the
Bank and periodic reporting to the management and to the Board.

Management of Federal, Provincial, and District Governments Accounts. Policy


& operations related coordination with MOF, CBR, AGPR, and other Govt.
agencies.

Viewing of foreign currency accounts/ investments and execution of


International payments and receipts.

Maintenance of accounts relating to International Organizations and Donor


Agencies like IMF, IBRD, ADB, Asian Clearing Union (ACU) etc.
28

Currency issuance.

Financial control the operation of the office under the provisions of the Manual and
Banking Department.The issue related to the operational management of currencies,
including the design and printing of currency notes and circulating. Banking related to
the operation of the office of the bank, the maintenance of federal and reserve account
of financial transactions in the books of the Comptroller and Director of the Statement
Overview of the Company as defined under the law. of the SBP, 1956 to prepare a
profit and loss account and balance sheet on the basis of determining the budget
estimates of revenue and expenditure. The general fund and fund balances of
employees of the Bank. Control the operation of the functions of the office by the
policies and procedures in accordance with the provisions of the Bank / Guide
department, the purchase / sale of foreign currency, the maintenance of the foreign
exchange reserves of the country.
To achieve the above goals, the Department has been divided into seven divisions as
detailed below:

Financial Accounts Division (FAD)

Forex, Securities & Investment Division (FSID)

Systems and Procedure Division (SPD)

Payment Controller Division (PCD)

Asset Management Division (AMD)

Currency Management Division (CMD)

Support Services Division

Financial Accounts Division (FAD)


Performs the following functions:

Make Annual Financial Statements Accounting Policies for the bank.

Provision of Weekly Statement of Affairs for issuance in the Government


Gazette as provided in the State Bank of Pakistan Act, 1956.

Quarterly profit updates to the Central Board of Directors.

Keep of GL to provide information for informed decision-making.

Monitoring of reduction and increase of Currency operations

Association of Departmental Budgets

29

Preparation of daily balance position and communication thereof to the Federal


Finance
Division and Provincial Finance Departments.

Creation or retirement of MTBs according to the Daily Balance Position of


Federal Government.

Forex, Securities & Investment Division (FSID)


Performs the following functions:

Keeping record related to Cash Reserve Requirement, SCR Requirements,


MCR, foreign debt payments, FE-2 deposits etc.

Foreign currency FCY) payments.

Short term and medium term investment and Swap deposits and maintenance of
Foreign Currency.

Payments of profits and principal on redemption of Special US Dollar,


Government Bonds. .

Dealings of Sale/ Purchase of Currencies & Clearing of ACU Account under


ACU Procedure.

Transactions of the Foreign Funded Projects including TABS etc.

Central Bank Deposits; rollover; & remittances of the interest.

MCBs investment in share capital of the banks/DFIs.

Monthly Abstract, Daily Reserves and Weekly review reporting.

Systems and Procedure Division (SPD)


System and method Division (SPD), acting as a link between the user and the ISTD
work to ensure an effective system for the development, implementation and use. Key
responsibilities include:

Illustration of Finance Department, MCB, in various automation projects under


development / implementation (RTGS & Data Ware House).

Recommend continuous business process refinement in coordination with


business units of Finance Department MCB.

Participate in automated solutions development / configuration for MCB in


financial areas.

Payment Controller Division (PCD)


This Division is responsible for:
30

Making of payments to outsider suppliers and employees of the Bank after


independent verification of transaction documents on the basis of bills/
invoices/claims approved by the processing units.

Check and balance on the selected financial transactions/cases referred by the


Director Finance to ensure accuracy and compliance to respective rules and
regulations.

Asset Management Division (AMD)


Assets Management division is responsible for:

Assets capitalization, assets transfers and overall duty to manage and maintain
assets physical inventory, keeping track of physical location of assets.

Retaining the financial information of the assets, cost evaluation and


retirements/
disposal.

To ensure the smooth and free running of the Fixed Assets Management
function.

To record all the expenses about repair/ maintenance and rent taxes for MCB
buildings and equipments.

Cash Management Division (CMD)


Cash Management Division is responsible for:

Preparation of Statements of Affairs of Issue Department on Weekly, Monthly


and Quarterly Basis.

Preparation of Balance Sheet of Issue Department at every financial year-end.

Support Services Division


Support Services Division performs the function as follow:

To deal with numerous administrative problems arising in the Finance


Department

To provide a healthy and sound environment to officers of Finance Department

To answer to various probes raised from various internal and external sources

Dissemination of any revision in laws, policy and regulation matters to relevant


quarters.

31

4.3) Role of financial manager


Financial manager is associated with acquisition financing and management of assets
with some overall goals in mind. The financial manager of MCB bank like all other
financial managers has responsibility to make decisions about three major areas that
are:
Investment Decision
Financing Decision
Asset Management Decision

Investment Decision
The investment decision is the most important decision of the banks three major
decisions. Mr. Salman ZaffarSiddiqui Chief Financial Officer of MCB bank begins
with determination of total amount of assets needed to be held by the bank. In 2013
total assets are 310 billion and the amount, which is invested in different areas, is 285
billion.

Financing
The second important decision of any organization is to make financial decisions.
Treasurer's dividend policy MCB view of the bank as a part of the Bank's financial
decisions. Dividend payout ratio, the amount of income that can be stored in massive
accumulation of current earnings in the company means fewer dollars will be
available for payment of dividends today. The value of dividends paid to shareholders,
so it must be balanced against the opportunity cost of collection costs as a way of
equity financing.

Decision in Asset Management.


Asset management decision is the third important decision regarding management of
assets. Once the assets have been attained and appropriate financing provided these
assets must still be managed professionally. The financial manager is charged with
wavering degrees of operating responsibility requires that the financial manager be
more concerned with management of current assets then with that of fixed assets. A
large share of responsibilities for management of fixed assets would reside with
working manager who employs these assets. Beside before mentioned basic roles,
financial managers prepare financial reports & also held responsible for reporting to
Head office includes following reports:
1.

Daily Position Report


32

2.

Weekly Position Report

3.

Monthly Position Report

4.

Quarterly Position Report

5.

Half Yearly Position Report

6.

Annual Position Report

Financial manager is answerable for all financial matter of the bank he arranged cash
for different branches of MCB bank he receive cash from deposit branches which are
located in industrial areas financial manager is also reconcile the main M.O Account
and also prepare expected budgets for the bank and also make arrangements for
annual and half yearly closing.
Provisioning and accruals of operating expenses
All Functioning Units are directed to calculate and pass entries for all the income and
expenditure, accruals, necessities, which are treated manually tout of the UNIBANK
system).
Any item of income expenditure, earned experienced, but actually not received paid
shall De accrued. On the other hand, any Income received, expenditure paid (e g
commission on LG. rent etc) but not earned 1 incurred should be transferred to
unearned income I prepaid expenses account.

Accrual of profit interest on deposits and advances


Finance manager is checking the efficiency of all branches and department or
divisions and then make a combined report on them Branches. Finance managers are
advised to review and ensure the accuracy of PLS interest rates applied and number of
days a year used by the system for the purpose of calculating profit 1 inlere5l
provisions on deposits in accordance with Circulars issued by the competent authority.

Budgeting
With the end of third quarter as, workout of annual budget for next month needs to be
started in order to meet the agreed drop-dead-dates for finalization completion of the
entire processes before close of financial year.
Last year, a new monetary approach was adopted whereby model changes were
brought in. The approach was widely appreciated by the Board of Directors in view of
its successful implementation. The new budgetary model scientifically transforms
non-financial data into arithmetic numbers in order to define the real potential of
branches for realistic target settings. Same procedure with some further improvements
33

will be applied for coming year budget. The similar cooperation of all the branches /
divisions / areas / regions is begged to making it a real success.
For review, the fundamentals of the new budgetary model are briefly discussed
hereunder:
The new model has following key features:

Discovering real potential of a branch based on external and internal


factors
External factorsmarket, economic, regulatory, social and technological,
which represent opportunitiesorthreats.
Internal factors - determines internal position identifying major strength and
weaknesses.

Identifying business objectivesandgoals.

Increasing and documenting approaches consistent with objectives and


goals.

Starting a timetable with key milestone dates to ensure timely completion


of all planning steps.

Providing a method for checking performance to ensure that the Bank


effectively implements the business plan.

4.4) Use of electronic data in decision-making


Introduction of banking software
MCB presence ranked in top five banks of Pakistan is relatively possessive about its
online system and was using very good banking software MIBS Multi Currency
Inter-branch system. This banking software achieved all the weaknesses of previous
system and had very strong reporting features. But it had a major flaw too that can
hinders the growth of bank i.e. Its not a real time banking software.
With the passage of time banking became more and more service oriented. Now days
all banks particularly foreign banks provide real time banking services, So MCB
being quite aggressive in its operations again took first step towards it and purchases
SYMBOLS banking software from Singapore Company System Access.
Symbols is internationally recognized and well renowned banking software
especially for its multi system and for providing wide range of modules

34

(Source: Snapshot from Desktop of Module)


Module Name

Module Code

Enterprise Modules
Kernel
FM
General Ledger
GL
Limits Control
LM
Nostro Reconciliation
NR
Interface
IF
Knowledge Manager
KM
Investments Modules
Bonds and Shares
BS
Security Custody
SC
Derivatives Modules
FRA/IRS
FR
Futures
FU
Options
OP

Module Name

Module Code

Treasury Modules
Foreign Exchange
Money Market
Negotiable Paper
Trading Limits
Deposits Modules
Retail
Branch Teller
Funds Transfer
Domestic Payments
Credits Modules
Loans Origination
Customer Lending
Trade Finance

FX
MM
NP
TL
RB
BT
FT
DP
LO
CL
TF

(Source: Snapshot from Desktop of Module)

Use & working of symbols banking software


MCB after providing training to staff (region wise) starts its installation in all
branches from 2005. SYMBOLS is an integrated customer centric solution for Retail
and corporate banking, designed to support small, medium or large branch networks
in personalized delivery of all banking products and services to all kinds of banking
customers. It allows all services related to current accounts, savings accounts, term
35

deposits, and customer lending. Furthermore, unified transaction processing of


corporate products (such as trade finance, foreign exchange, money market and
corporate lending) is available at EOC (Enterprise Operations Centers) at the backend. Retail Banking services are available to customers both on a face to face basis in
branches using the Branch Teller ( module or through self service electronic
interfaces, such as internet PC using SYMBOLS E-Finance modules.

SYMBOLS Branch Teller


SYMBOLS branch teller provides on-line and offline multicurrency treating
capabilities for over the counter financial and non-financial transactions related to
current and savings accounts and fixed term deposits. A number of services from the
Customer Lending (CL) module are also available in Branch Teller (BT) application
(such as overdraft facility) as are currency exchange and travelers cheque
transactions. Branch Teller (BT) has a built-in signature capture and enquiry
procedure that sanctions easy verification of customers signatures at any branch.
System features
Multi-branch procedures are the flat features of the system. Customer does not have to
physically go to the home branch to do a transaction; any SYMBOLS branch would
provide the desired services, in addition to the available e-banking facilities.
SYMBOLS have taken major deviations in the existing branch set-up. A SYMBOLS
branch has a clear separation between front-end and back-end processing. Most of the
back-end tasks will be gradually centralized in various local hubs as and when
branches migrate to SYMBOLS.
SYMBOLS multi-branch system allows customer of one branch to go to any of the
SYMBOLS branch to avail related services. There are various one-time limits that are
centrally incorporated into a specific module of the System according to Banks
requirements. SYMBOLs Kernel (FM) module is a central mine of programs,
business rules and enterprise-wide reference data such as: Customer information
(name, contact details, classifications etc), Customer. The bank remains focused on
using technology for improving customer services standard and expanding the range
of products being offered and other technology based solutions.

36

4.5) Sources of funds


Deposits & Other Accounts

PKR632,330 (000,000)

Break-up Currency Wise

(Rs. in 000)

LCY Currency

10,189,516.00

FCY Currency

13,967,789.00

24,157,305.00
Break-up Customers Wise
Deposits in Fixed Accounts

33,296,703.00

Deposits in Saving Accounts

136,613,835.00

Deposits in Current Accounts

81,640,625.00

Deposits in Margin Accounts

2,447,944.00

Others

4,336.00
Financial Institutions

RemunerativeDeposits
Non-RemunerativeDposts

8,058,094.00
3,866,582.00

265,928,119.00
Borrowings

23,943.00

Shareholders Equity

35,657.00

265,987,719.00
(Source: Annual Report of MCB, 2013

4.6) Generation of funds


(Rs in 000)

INTEREST EARNED

65,064,123.00

DIVIDEND INCOME

932,717.00

FEE, COMMISSION & BROKERAGE INCOME

6,741,404.00

INCOME FROM DEALING IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES


GAIN ON SALE OF SECURITIES

916,572.00
21,30,341.00

OTHER INCOME

449,604.00

(Source: Annual Report of MCB, 2013)

37

4.7) Allocation of funds


(Rupees in 000,000)

Advances

Budgeted Figures

Loans, cash, credit, etc.


Inside Pakistan

(PKR in MLN)

189,472

200,000

5,172

10,000

Inside Pakistan

2,253

5,000

Outside Pakistan

3,917

Outside Pakistan
Net investment in Finance lease

Bills discounted and purchased


Payable in Pakistan

1,761

1,500

Payable outside Pakistan

4,272

5,000

206,847
Gross Advances

221,500

25,778

(Source: Annual Report of MCB, 2013)

Explanation:
It contains both the short term and long term. The advances in LCY isRs.10,
189,516,000/- and FCY (Foreign Currency) is Rs. 13,967,789,000/-. The budgeted
figures for the year were Rs.24, 157,305,000/-. And its under achieved however local
bills discounted more than budgeted figures.Banks main source of earning is from
lending and every minute working of FCD indications to costing the funds received
from different sources. In the above budgeted figures some local financing shows
under achievement of budgeted targets but over achievement of foreign and local
options has somewhat set off the amount. Budgeted targets under achieved due to
liquidity crunch in the market.

38

4.8) SWOT analysis

(Source: Google Images)

Strengths

One of the largest banks in Pakistan in terms of branch network, broad


geographical coverage.

Strong liability side mgt. lowest deposit cost in banking sector due to high % of
current & saving deposits.

Low incremental NPL flow and high coverage (93%) of impaired portfolio over and above SBPs requirements.

Strong corporate relationships, which translates into higher market share of


corporate loans.

Relatively advanced use of technology; highest numbers of ATMs installed


throughout the country.

Highly regarded senior management team; most with international bank


experience

Retail brand awareness - neighborhood bank.

Introduce new products and services with innovation for its customers.

Introducing new generation in banks.

Achieve Euro Money for the last four years continuously.

Got the award this year Best bank in Asia.


39

Well Establish in Mobile and internet banking.

Weaknesses

Unbalanced business mix, with heavy reliance currently on corporate banking


business.

High loan to deposit ratio, which will constrain loan growth to the pace of
deposit growth, or force the bank to seek higher cost debt financing.

High current and saving deposits likened to peer banks, which require higher
cash reserve.

Withdrawal with the help of online has not been started.

Lack of computerized branches means (Debit Credit Facility.)

Staff Shortage

One employee performs several duties.

No sanctions the limits to Manager to approve loan up to 1 To 2 000,000


amount.

No extra bonuses provide to the employs and they as a work disturbed.

Employees are leaving the bank because of lack of motivation.

Opportunities

Relatively low presence in the consumer finance market, which is a key focus
area for the bank. Potential for stronger net interest margins and fee income
growth.

Penetration levels of consumer finance in Pakistan are among the lowest in the
Asia Pac region.

Sustained strong growth of the Pakistan economy.

Improved brand image as the first mover among the Pakistani bank to list
overseas.

Broad retail customer base providing crosses selling opportunities; focus area
could be insurance as MCB has a majority shareholding in Adamjee Insurance
(the largest general insurance company in Pakistan).

Potential for stronger net interest margins and fee income growth.

Introduction of asset management operations.

40

Providing withdrawal facility through online in a very short time.

Provide Agri based loans in order to capture the market.

Provide car leasing services to their customers as well. For this purpose separate
department is established to deal this share.

Utility bills department established separately..

Enhance focus on the mobile & internet banking.

Good opportunity to introduce products and services with innovation and verity
in order to get maximum profit.

Opportunity to hire new and young staff available in the market for innovative
products and services as well as suggestions.

Threats

Reducing corporate loan request due to growing interest rates.

Enlarged participation of overseas banks in local market; classically have better


product offering and marketing strategies

Alliance within the banking sector to lead to emergence of fewer but larger
banks.

Concluded Marketing Methods adopt by other banks.

Other banks providing the facility of withdrawal through online this thing
disturbed the bank.

Launch more banks as results more pressure convert to keep remain in the
market and capture the market share.

New competitors are increasing very rapidly with new ideas.

Customer is all in any sector and today customer is challenging more in less
money so pressure comes on bank that how to withstand this customer in the
bank.

Experience employees leave the bank because other banks offer attractive salary
packages.

5. Financial Performance Analysis


5.1) Financial Climaxes of balance sheet
Assets

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

41

Treasury banks Cash and balances

24,053,669

23,833,253

23,665,549

32,465,976

42,466,875

Other banks balances

1,302,592

5,708,323

1,466,045

6,577,017

8,586,942

Financial institutions landings

10,430,450

10,965,297

9,998,828

21,081,800

34,569,874

Net Investments

128,276,842

67,194,971

69,481,487

63,486,316

74,566,981

Net Loans

97,200,179

137,317,773

180,322,753

198,239,155

259,579,527

Operating fixed assets

6,477,064

6,265,397

8,182,454

9,054,156

14,568,794

Net deferred tax assets

191,967

172,373

198,567

4,582,823

7,999,821

5,471,697

11,031,450

13,047,258

272,323,619

259,284,835

298,780,780

342,108,243

447,584,818

Bills payable

8,396,320

7,566,684

8,536,674

7,089,679

9,147,589

Borrowings

32,627,951

8,693,965

27,377,502

23,943,476

29,145,698

Other accounts and Deposits

211,511,393

219,966,057

229,341,890

257,461,838

310,142,568

Loan from subordinate bodies

1,599,360

1,598,720

1,598,080

1,597,440

1,658,794

tax liabilities-deferred

6,372,596

6,398,239

707,306

314,154

8,192,338

11,171,496

11,171,496

261,214,926

244,537,819

275,046,484

301,263,929

361,266,145

11,108,693

14,747,016

23,734,296

40,844,314

86,318,673

Share capital

3,065,273

3,371,800

4,265,327

5,463,276

8,756,497

Reserves

4,379,255

5,661,553

9,054,940

24,662,426

26,748,957

281,636

359,340

4,990,260

5,530,973

6,478,912

7,726,164

9,392,693

18,310,527

35,656,675

41,984,366

3,382,529

5,354,323

5,423,769

5,187,639

44,334,307

11,108,693

14,747,016

23,734,296

40,844,314

86,318,673

Net Other assets

Liabilities

Other liabilities

Net assets
Represented by:

Un-appropriate profit

Net surplus on assets revaluation

(Source: MCB financial division Lahore)

42

5.2) Financial climaxes income statement


2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Mark-up interest earned

10,369,994

9,347,247

17,756,232

25,778,061

32,678,019

Mark-up interest expensed

2,932,693

2,057,640

2,781,468

4,525,359

6,925,953

Mark-up interest income-net

7,437,301

7,289,607

14,974,764

21,252,702

25,752,066

Loan and advances provisions

705,787

442,595

1,242,153

1,014,540

1,816,780

lease losses

862

1,200

Bad debts written off directly

224,432

8,771

1,184

47,000

59,100

781,081

279,690

1,144,355

1,182,737

2,088,808

6,656,220

7,009,917

13,830,409

20,069,965

23,663,258

Commission, fee & brokerage income

1,042,437

1,886,737

2,448,950

2,311,235

3,213,525

Dividend income

372,821

378,908

480,344

811,801

1,011,108

Income commencing from dealing in foreign currencies

331,694

481,842

531,455

692,010

992,109

Net Profit on sale of securities

2,041,260

541,035

866,112

605,865

75,568

- 11,440

1,634

Net mark-up / interest income next to provisions


Non mark-up / interest income

Un-realized gain on revaluation of investments


classified as held for trading
Other income net

743,599

720,537

1,425,174

570,505

666,474

Total non mark-up / interest income

4,531,811

3,997,619

5,753,669

4,991,416

5,958,784

11,188,031

11,007,536

19,584,078

25,061,381

29,622,042

Administrative expenses

6,587,369

7,003,653

6,459,490

6,482,592

7,592,951

Restructuring expenses

878,704

150,100

Other provision / (reversal)

50,000

149,593

- 72,740

11,411

22,114

Other charges

59,034

14,599

178,841

66,708

69,456

Total non mark-up / interest expense

7,575,107

7,317,945

6,565,591

6,560,711

7,684,521

Extra ordinary / un-usual item

513,852

Profit before taxation

3,612,924

4,203,443

13,018,487

18,500,670

21,937,521

1,212,579

1,576,287

4,611,359

5,701,443

5,911,348

- 149,763

593,497

624,485

Non mark-up / interest expense

Taxation
Present year
Past year
Deferred

Profit after taxation

170,200

87,162

- 365,524

63,332

69,548

1,382,779

1,663,449

4,096,072

6,358,272

6,605,381

2,230,145

2,539,994

8,922,415

12,142,398

15,332,140

(Source: MCB financial division Lahore)

43

5.3) Horizontal Analysis of Balance sheet


Assets
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Treasury banks Cash and balances


Treasury banks Cash and balances
Other banks balances
Financial institutions landings
Net Investments
Net Loans
Operating fixed assets
Net deferred tax assets

8.83%

9.19%

7.92%

9.49%

0.48%

2.20%

0.49%

1.92%

Liabilities
Bills payable
Borrowings
Other accounts and Deposits
Loan from subordinate bodies
tax liabilities-deferred
Net assets
Represented by:
Share capital
Reserves
Un-appropriate profit

Surplus on revaluation of assets


net

3.83%

4.23%

3.35%

6.16%

47.10%

25.92%

23.25%

18.56%

35.69%

52.96%

60.35%

57.95%

2.38%

2.42%

2.74%

2.65%

0.00%

0.00%

0.06%

0.05%

1.68%

3.09%

1.83%

3.22%

3.08%

2.92%

2.86%

2.07%

11.98%

3.35%

9.16%

7.00%

77.67%

84.84%

76.76%

75.26%

0.59%

0.62%

0.53%

0.47%

0.26%

0.12%

2.74%

3.27%

4.08%

5.69%

7.94%

11.94%

1.13%

1.30%

1.43%

1.60%

1.61%

2.18%

3.03%

7.21%

0.10%

0.14%

1.67%

1.62%

1.24%

2.07%

1.82%

1.52%

4.08%

5.69%

7.94%

11.94%

Comments / Interpretation:
By the horizontal balance sheet analysis we can calculate or figure out the symphony
of balance sheet in a year and by the particular information we can further look at the
share of every part over the years. By the above calculation we revels the following
information of MCB bank.
From the above calculation it is clear that MCB bank liabilities portion which
contains the KASA and other daily deposit accounts that outline major section of the
balance sheet volume that collections between 77-83% in the years of calculations,
while the other side that is of assets, the deposit which the bank is collecting is
invested in advances that also forms significant volume as given below:
In 2010 MCB balance sheet entails 47.01% of financial institutions landing that is
decreasing over the years and lastly it reaches to 18.65% at the end of the year 2013.
44

Basically the main reason for this drop is to banks varies its investment from banks to
customers. As discussed MCB bank changes its investment way that is from
investment to loan that can be seen from the detail that advances represent only 35.9%
of the balance sheet size, which over the year increased to 57.95% in year 2013.
MCB Bank shows a conspicuous growth in un-appropriated profit over the years that
evidently replicate the wealthy decision to switch its portfolio to advances side that
can be seen from retained earning structure of MCB that is on gradual increasing over
the five years period and shows a good decision makings and investments in healthy
portfolios.Also landing increases over the past five years above calculations shows
that its almost double over the past five years.

Conclusion
A noticeable financial improvement can be derived Based on the above analysis that
MCB is a rising bank with a noticeable financial improvement. However, , we need to
take into consideration the industry norms and other qualitative aspects like
management experience and qualification, major customers & suppliers and position
of competitors etc, as well.

5.4) Horizontal Analysis of Income Statement


2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

91.05%

92.69%

84.92%

90.67%

102.86%

25.75%

26.21%

18.69%

14.20%

18.06%

Loan and advances provisions


lease losses

65.30%

66.48%

66.22%

76.46%

84.80%

-1.32%

-1.34%

-1.57%

-0.51%

0.48%

Bad debts written off directly

6.20%

6.31%

4.02%

6.34%

4.05%

0.00%

0.01%

0.01%

0.00%

0.00%

2.18%

2.01%

0.08%

0.01%

0.19%

58.24%

59.49%

63.68%

70.62%

80.08%

9.15%

9.32%

17.14%

12.50%

9.22%

3.36%

3.33%

3.44%

2.45%

3.24%

2.91%

2.96%

4.38%

2.71%

2.76%

19.81%

18.25%

4.92%

4.42%

2.42%

0.00%

0.00%

-0.10%

0.01%

0.00%

Mark-up interest earned


Mark-up interest expensed
Mark-up interest income-net

Net mark-up / interest income next to


provisions
Non mark-up / interest income
Commission, fee & brokerage income
Dividend income
Income commencing from dealing in
foreign currencies
Net Profit on sale of securities
Un-realized gain on revaluation of
investments classified as held for trading
Other income net
Total non mark-up / interest income
Non mark-up / interest expense
Administrative expenses
Restructuring expenses
Other provision / (reversal)

6.53%

6.65%

6.55%

7.28%

2.28%

41.76%

40.51%

36.32%

29.38%

19.92%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

100.00%

57.83%

58.88%

63.63%

32.98%

25.87%

45

Other charges
Total non mark-up / interest expense
Extra ordinary / un-usual item
Profit before taxation
Taxation
Present year
Past year
Deferred

Profit after taxation

8.53%

7.85%

1.36%

0.00%

0.00%

0.44%

0.45%

1.36%

-0.37%

0.05%

0.52%

0.53%

0.13%

0.91%

0.27%

67.32%

67.71%

66.48%

33.53%

26.18%

4.67%

0.00%

0.00%

32.68%

32.29%

38.19%

66.47%

73.82%

10.78%

10.84%

14.32%

23.55%

22.75%

0.00%

0.00%

0.00%

-0.76%

2.37%

2.32%

1.52%

0.79%

-1.87%

0.25%

13.10%

12.36%

15.11%

20.92%

25.37%

19.58%

19.93%

23.08%

45.56%

48.45%

46

Comments / Interpretation:
By horizontal analysis we can pinpoint and highlight the capacities of income or
expenses that need well amendment and close reviewing. We derive the following
critical information by a comprehensive horizontal analysis of the given P&L of MCB

Revenue Analysis
Banks 90% of the incomes comprises of mark-up/Return/ Interest received from
advances, which particularly increased from Rs. 10,369,994 in 2009 to Rs. 32,678,019
in year 2013. Same effect can be seen from the increasing in advances that is near to
double over five years. There is a increase in markup income that can be because of
increase in inflation and that increased in markup income resulted in improved
revenues for the bank. Net markup income which is after excluding the interest
expenses, the markup/ interest is improving in five years which is 84% in last year
because of these reasons
Growth in the deposits is less than the growth of the advances in the five years which
became a reason of increasing markup. Increased in markup rate on the advances and
low deposit rate became a reason for increasing in profit of MCB.
An extra comprehensively investigation of the above calculations reveals the
following basics towards this overall decline:
The income that is because of increase or gain from sale of securities is on decreasing
trend in five years, which reveals that either the maturity of the much of the securities
held as collateral was due in year 2009 & 2010 and not in the following years or there
might be possibility that the bank is no more holding much of the securities for
investment.
Other incomes impact on the total profit or revenue is also decreased over five years
as it has concentrated from 6.35%in year 2009 to just 2.82% in year 2013.

Expenses Analysis
The interest expenses are 25.57% of total revenue in 2009, however the same turn
down in year 2010 to 18.9%, 14.20% in year 2011 and then over again greater than
before to 18.06% during year 2013.Over the time, the deposit level showed a steady
growth with final 2013 year deposits were 156% of the 2009 deposits. Hence the
increase and decrease in the expenses of interest shows the market price of deposits
47

1. Due to office mechanization, IT development and by management's strict


control the same has been well managed and brought forward to just 25.87%
of the total revenue in year 2013.
2. With the progress in the banking sector and increased profitability, Amount of
Corporate Taxation has consequently increased manifolds, as evidenced from
the fact that the total taxation amount in year 2009 wasRs. 1,417,000, which
increased to 6,538,000 in year 2013 i.e., 449% of the tax paid in year 2009.
However the average taxation rate in year 2013 was lower i.e., 34% as
compared to taxation rate of 40% in year 2009. The increased taxation
amount is thus noticeable recognized towards the increased profitability of
the concern.

5.5) Ratios Analysis


Liquidity Ratios
The creditworthiness of a business for a short term is calculated by this ratio. The
capability of the business to pay its debts is specified by this ratio. Creditors and
owners of the firm take dissimilar significance. There is incompetence of the
managing department as per owners when there is a great liquidity in firm. Creditors
see it as good because it shows a competence of the business to pay for its
commitments. In the next pages we have calculated these ratios of MCB bank.

Current Ratio
This ratio measures that how much current assets bank has to cover or meet up its
current liabilities. This ratio determine that how much business is capable of cover its
present obligations. Each Current ratio demonstrates the bank`s ability to pay or
encounter its current liabilities with its current assets. When there is a current ratio of
more than one it means that bank is capable to pay its current liabilities and when the
ratio is lesser than one shows that the bank will be incapable to meet its current
liabilities wholly by its current assets.
Formula: Current assets divided by current liabilities
2009
Current asset

26,356,261

Current liabilities

27,057,620

Current ratio

103.97%

2010

48

Current asset
Current liabilities
Current ratio

71,156,655
73,578,765
104.07%

Current asset
Current liabilities
Current ratio

102,012,153
98,326,442
104.26%

Current asset
Current liabilities
Current ratio

137,147,099
133,671,869
104.46%

2011

2012

2013
Current asset
Current liabilities
Current ratio
Years
Percentage

158,410,469
151,640,947
104.61%
Current Ratio
2010
2011
104.07%
104.26%

2009
103.97%

2012
104.46%

2013
104.61%

Chart of current ratios:


104.7
104.6
104.5
104.4
104.3
104.2
104.1
104
103.9
103.8
103.7
103.6
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Anal
ysis of Current Ratios of MCB Bank
By these years it is concluded that current ratio is greater than previous years. After
2009, 2010 has good current ratio but 2010 has weak current ratio because the
difference between assets and liabilities increased this year.

49

It shows that organization has ability to pay its obligations but its profitability ratio
tells that it has not ability to pay its obligation. But still it is very useful for the
analysts especially for the creditors.

Quick Ratio
This ratio shows that how much bank can cover its current liabilities with the help of
most currentassets. As in quick ratio we deduct the inventories and prepaid expenses
from current assets but in case of bank there are no inventories so we deduct only the
prepaid expenses. By making and calculating it monthly a firm or a business can be
able to meet its recent obligations with the help of most current assets and by making
this the bank is able to ensure that in case of happening of a irregular event how much
of bank has to cover that. If there is low quick ratio it means that bank is unable to pay
for its liabilities because the assets are using somewhere.
Formula: Current assetsminus prepaid expencesdivided by current liabilities
2009
Current assets

26,356,261

Prepaid expenses

7,156,898

Current liabilities

27,057,620

Quick ratios

70.96%

Current assets

71,156,655

Inventories

8,156,898

Current liabilities

73,578,765

Quick ratios

85.62%

Current assets

102,012,153

Inventories

21,156,898

Current liabilities

98,326,442

Quick ratios

82.23%

Current assets

139,160,093

Inventories

25,708,194

Current liabilities

133,671,869

Quick ratios

85.58%

2010

2011

2012

2013
Current assets

158,410,469

Inventories

28,625,915

Current liabilities

151,640,947

Quick ratios

86.05%

50

Years
Percentage

2009
70.96%

Quick Ratio
2010
2011
85.62%
82.23%

2012
85.58%

2013
86.05%

90
80
70
60
50
Quick ratio

40
30
20
10
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Analysis of the Quick Ratios of MCB Bank:


Prepaid expenses are not current assets because they cannot be cash in paying or
meeting a current liability. In the above analysis bank in 2010 has greater quick ratio
which means that it can cover its present obligations more quickly.
Formula: Current assets minus current liabilities

Working Capital
2009
Current asset
Current liabilities
Working capital

66,814,706
63,800,921
3,370,764

Current asset
Current liabilities
Working capital

77,166,505
73,795,741
3,685,709

Current asset
Current liabilities
Working capital

103,013,152
99,327,443
5,488,224

Current asset
Current liabilities

139,160,093
133,671,869

2010

2011

2012

51

Working capital

6,769,522

Current asset
Current liabilities
Working capital

158,410,469
151,640,947
6,957,551

2013

Years
Percentage

2009
3,370,764

Working Capital
2010
2011
3,685,709
5,488,224

2012
6,769,522

2013
6,957,551

7000000
6000000
5000000
4000000
working capital

3000000
2000000
1000000
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Leverage Ratios
This ratio shows that how much of the current working or business of the firm is
running from external sources.For determining it we check the owner equity in the
firm and in all the assets and liabilities. Below there is a detail analysis of leverage
ratio that have been used to check that how much of current operations of the MCB
bank is with the help of external sources

Debt-To-Total-Assets Ratio
It shows that how much of assets have created with the help of debt and how much
the business have a power to cover its debit
Formula: Total debts divided by Total assets
2009
Total debt
Total asset
Debt ratio

61,967,073
70,313,073
94.06%

2010
Total debt
Total asset

70
80

70,478,275
80,572,275
52

Debt ratio

93.93%

2011
Total debt
Total asset
Debt ratio

101,151,448
107,167,540
94.38%

Total debt
Total asset
Debt ratio

136,513,381
145,095,558
94.08%

2012

2013
Total debt
Total asset
Debt ratio
Years
Percentage

154,980,358
166,033,588
93.34%
Debt Ratio
2009
2010
2011
94.06%
93.93%
94.38%

2012
94.08%

2013
93.34%

94.4
94.3
94.2
94.1
leverage ratio

94
93.9
93.8
93.7
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Analysis of Leverage Ratio:


This ratio shows that how much of the bank assets are financed with outside sources.
The amount of the debt a firm uses has both positive and negative effects. So if there
more debit it means that there is less profitability as a business has to pay its
obligations which decreases it profitability and even it will be difficult for the
business to pay its obligations. Even it can lead to the financial distress and may cause
the bankruptcy.In the above analysis MCB bank has a greater debit ratio which means
that there is greater financing from the outside sources and due to which bank has to
53

pay less tax because tax is on interest less amount and due to which there is ales
taxable amount .In 2010 MCB bank has less debit ratio which means that there is less
outside sources which is also good because the bank now have to pay less obligations
and it can be easily manage.

Debt-To-Equity Ratio
This ratio shows that how much of debit financing is used relative to shareholders
equityinvestments. It is determined by dividing the shareholders equity with total
debts.
Formula: Total debts divided by Total shareholders equity
2009
Total debt
Shareholders equity
Debt to equity ratio

61,967,073
1,087,000
61.71

Total debt
Shareholders equity
Debt to equity ratio

70,478,275
1,142,000
80.54

Total debt
Shareholders equity
Debt to equity ratio

101,151,448
1,255,848
90.43

Total debt
Shareholders equity
Debt to equity ratio

136,286,424
1,507,018
77.32

Total debt
Shareholders equity
Debt to equity ratio

154,980,358
2,004,333
82.33

2010

2011

2012

2013

Years
Percentage

2009
61.71

Debt To Equity Ratio


2010
2011
80.54
90.43

2012
77.32

2013
82.33

54

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

Debt to equity ratio

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Analysis of the Debt to Equity Ratio of MCB Bank:


This ratio shows that how much shareholder equity in each asset means that the
amount of owner equity is there to cover the risk of liability .In these five years bank
has a increasing and decreasing trend in this ratiothat is mainly because of changes in
amount of debt as in 2009 while it is on the lower rate that indicates that the
shareholders have to bear more risk and in 2011 it is lowest due to increase in
shareholder equity.

Equity Multiplier or Owner equity to fixed assets ratio:


This ratio basically shows that how much there is owner equityin relation to each
asset. If there is a greater amount of owner equity as compared to fixed assets it
means that owner has financed current asset, while the less amount of owner equity
shows that there is less amount of shareholders equity shows that debt amount is been
used to finance assets.
Total owner equity divided by fixed assets
Equity Multiplier = Total Assets / Shareholders Equity
2009
Total assets
Shareholders

70,313,073
1,087,000

equity
Equity multiplier

64.68

Total assets
Shareholders

80,572,275
1,142,000

2010

equity
55

Equity multiplier

70.55

Total assets
Shareholders

107,167,540
1,255,848

equity
Equity multiplier

85.33

Total assets
Shareholders

145,099,907
1,507,018

equity
Equity multiplier

96.28

Total assets
Shareholders

166,033,588
2,004,333

equity
Equity multiplier

82.84

2011

2012

2013

Years
Percentage

2009
64.68

Equity Multiplier
2010
2011
70.55
85.33

2012
96.28

2013
82.84

100
90
80
70
60
50

Equity multiplier

40
30
20
10
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Analysis of the Equity Multiplier:


In 2012 it is highest that means that there is a greater amount of shareholders equity

Coverage Ratios
This ratio shows that how much the firm has the capability to cover its monetary
obligations. Following are thecommon convergeratios
56

Interest Coverage Ratio


This ratio shows the ability of the firm to cover up its interest expenses before EBIT.It
is basically to checkthat the business ability to cover uo its interestexpensesbefore tax.
Formula: EBIT divided by interest expense
2009
EBIT
Interest expense
Interest coverage

1,244,000
3,017,000
41.23%

ratio
2010
EBIT
Interest expense
Interest coverage

1,902,000
1,380,000
137.82%

ratio
2011
EBIT
Interest expense
Interest coverage

2,842,740
1,117,206
254.45%

ratio
2012
EBIT
Interest expense
Interest coverage

2,850,999
4,276,130
66.66%

ratio
2013
EBIT
Interest expense
Interest coverage

3,346,855
6,977,313
47.96%

ratio

Years
Percentage

2009
41.23%

Interest Coverage Ratio


2010
2011
137.82%
254.45%

2012
66.66%

2013
47.96%

57

300
250
200
150

Interest coverage ratio

100
50
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Analysis of the Interest Coverage Ratio of MCB Bank:


In above calculations 2011 has greatest ratio as compared to other years, which means
that there which means that bank is in a position of cover its interest charges.

Profitability Ratios
Profitability ratio has two types, one of which shows the profitability with respect to
sales and one shows the profitability with respect to investment. Profitability ratios
help in determining the efficiency of bank.In profitability ratios we are using the
values both from balance sheet and income statement due to which it generate a
relationship in between both of it. Below there are profitability ratios of MCB bank.

Return on Investment
This ratio shows that how much of net profit is created by engaging the total assets. It
simply explains the profitability of the business. By using ROI we check that how
much of total assets giving the profitability.
Formula: Profit after the tax divided Total assets
2009
Profit after tax
Total assets
Return on investment

9,177,657,
12,313,073,
0.97%

Profit after tax


Total assets
Return on investment

9,3150,232,
14,572,275,
1.37%

2010

58

2011
Profit after tax
Total assets
Return on investment

10,923,040,
107,167,540,
1.79%

Profit after tax


Total assets
Return on investment

2,016,743,
145,095,558,
1.38%

2012

2013
Profit after tax
Total assets
Return on investment

Years
Percentage

22,499,747,
166,033,588,
1.35%
Return on Investment
2010
2011
1.37%
1.79%

2009
0.97%

2012
1.38%

2013
1.35%

1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1

return on investment

0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Analysis of the Return on Investment Ratio of MCB Bank:


By these ratios we can check how much there is profitability in bank, the performance
riskiness and the effect of leverage on the performance. In the above analysis the bank
has greater ratio which means that the bank is heavily financed

Price Earnings Ratio


Price Earnings Ratio = Market Price per Share / Earning per Share
2009
59

Market price per share


Earnings per share
Price earnings ratio

226.85
6.32
424.84%

Market price per share


Earnings per share
Price earnings ratio

251.50
9.66
533.13%

Market price per share


Earnings per share
Price earnings ratio

294
12.76
736.67%

Market price per share


Earnings per share
Price earnings ratio

326.08
10.09
1249.55%

Market price per share


Earnings per share
Price earnings ratio

397.95
11.23
934.55%

2010

2011

2012

2013

Years
Percentage

Price Earnings Ratio


2010
2011
533.13%
736.67%

2009
424.84%

2012
1249.55%

2013
934.55%

1400
1200
1000
800
price earning ratio

600
400
200
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Analysis of the Price Earnings Ratio of MCB Bank:


60

In the above calculations bank has the highest ratio in 2012 as compared to other
ratio.

Earning Yield Ratio


Earning yield ratio is the ratio between EPS to market price per share
Calculated as:
Earning Yield = Earnings per share / Market price per share
2009
Earnings per share
Market price per share
Earning yield

6.32
26.85
23.58%

Earnings per share


Market price per share
Earning yield

9.66
51.50
18.75%

Earnings per share


Market price per share
Earning yield

12.76
94.00
13.57%

Earnings per share


Market price per share
Earning yield

10.09
126.80
7.95%

Earnings per share


Market price per share
Earning yield

11.23
104.95
10.70%

2010

2011

2012

2013

Years
Percentage

2009
23.58%

Earning Yield
2010
2011
18.75%
13.57%

2012
7.95%

2013
10.7%

61

25
20
15
Earning yeild

10
5
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Earnings per Share


The amount of income that has been earned on each share outstanding is determined
by this ratio. It shows the earning on each share means that how much every part of
profit relative to every share
Formula = Net Profit after Tax divided by the Total No of Shares
2009
Net profit after tax
Total no of shares
Earnings per share

687,000
4,341,840
6.32%

Net profit after tax


Total no of shares
Earnings per share

1,103,000
10,654,980
9.66%

Net profit after tax


Total no of shares
Earnings per share

1,923,040
125,607
15.31%

Net profit after tax


Total no of shares
Earnings per share

2,016,743
150,279
13.42%

Net profit after tax


Total no of shares

2,249,974
200,354

2010

2011

2012

2013

62

Earnings per share

Years
Percentage

11.23%
Earnings per Share
2010
2011
9.66
12.76

2009
6.32

2012
10.09

2013
11.23

14
12
10
8

Earning per share

6
4
2
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Profit before Tax Ratio


Years
Percentage

2009
46.7%

2010
63.3%

2011
32.5%

2012
26.6%

2013
39.6%

70
60
50
40
Profit before tax ratio

30
20
10
0

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Gross Spread Ratio


Gross Profit before Tax / Sales
Years

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013
63

Percentage

66.1%

75.1%

51.3%

44.6%

52.7%

80
70
60
50
40

Gross spread ratio

30
20
10
0
2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Gross spread ratio of the bank is on improving trend, which increased from 66.1% in
year 2009 to 75.1% in year 2010.This is clear from the above that markup/ return/
interest earned over the years increased from Rest. 9.851M in 2009 but decreased in
2013.

Income Expense Ratio


Income to Expense Ratio = Income / Expenses
Years
Percentage

2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0

2009
1.6

2010
1.9

2011
1.4

2012
1.3

2013
1.5

Income expense ratio

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Dividend Yield Ratio


64

Dividend per share / Market price per Share


Years
Percentage

2009
3.9%

2010
2.1%

2011
1.2%

2012
1%

2013
1.5%

4
3.5
3
2.5
2

Dividend yeild ratio:

1.5
1
0.5
0
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Dividend Payout Ratio


Dividend per Share / Earning per Share
Years
Percentage

2009
20.7%

2010
13.1%

2011
11.2%

2012
8.9%

2013
11.9%

65

25

20

15
Dividend payout ratio:

10

0
2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

66

6. WEAKNESSES AND SHORTFALL OF MCB


BANK
Shortage of Staff
As stated previously the bank is one of the biggest banks of Pakistan. Due to the
growth in the number of branches and the capacity of the business the staff is really
short.

Gap of Communication
There is a lack of communication between the lower staff and upper management.

Internees not treated well in the Bank.


Internees are the learners. The management or officers of the branch should give
assistance to the internees. This steered to the better understanding for the student.

Not properly manage the MIX Business.


MCB not able to mix its business with heavy reliance currently on corporate banking
business.

sLow Deposit percentage than Loan.


Low Deposit ratio than Loan, which will restrain loan growth to the pace of deposit
growth, or strength the bank to seek higher cost debt financing.

Debt Financing Cost is very high.


High loan to deposit ratio, which will constrain loan growth to the pace of deposit
growth, or force the bank to seek higher cost debt financing.

High rate of risk


The banks allow the people to buying goods on installments. This led to the increase
in the economy. But at the same time the people who bought these goods are not able
to pay it back. So in this way it gives some harmful effect on the economy.

67

High Current & Saving Deposits


High current and saving deposits compared to peer banks, which require higher cash
reserve.

68

7. CONCLUSION
We conclude from the above mentioned data that the vision and mission of the MCB
bank which would help the customers in long term prospective, how they capture the
customer mind and by having those features in their financial products and services
that are according to the desires of the customer. As Bank is a financial services
industry so this is service oriented industry so the services which you give to their
customer are matter (how you deal your customer). MCB would train there staff to
deal their customers by giving value to their customers. They also would like to focus
on their research and development and the innovation in technologies, which would
rather help them in the future so that nothing would be much comparable, then having
the most outstanding technology in each of their departments.

8. RECOMMENDATIONS
69

To compete globally there is a need to introduce efficient products according


to the desires of the customers and give them services for getting greater market
share.

MCB Bank can recover its Marketing policies to gain more promotion and
mass media publicity by the use of effective channels of promotions like TV,
Newspaper Advertisements. It can also improve its magazine publication that it
releases each month.

Centralized Structure that allows employee association needs to be shaped.

Give rewards in terms of incentives to their employees with in the bank to


motivate them.

Creation of improved performance appraisal system.

Give employees job rotation ease.

Appropriate description of entries must be made. Branch manager must


adopt necessary measures to avoid these errors.

All the expenses incurred must be proper authorized by the concerned


officer and must be supported by proper documents.

All reversals of Income Accounts are properly approved by Finance


department H/O.

Vouchers must be kept under custody of two designated branch officials


in fire proof cabinet.

Customers accounts are the main source of funds to the bank. Branch
Officials should review the Dormant (Inactive) Accounts list and timely report to
the Head Office. This is important for the management as to know why the
customers with draws their money and most commonly.

Offline Withdrawal Facility.


MCB now can start offline withdrawal facility so every person can be entertained at
MCBs desk when the branch is off-line.

Hire Competitive Youngsters.


Due to the increase in the business of bank and increase workload the bank must hire
the competitive youngsters in the bank. The selection process must be more
transparent.
70

Motivate Employees
The bank should do more for the welfare of its employees. The present steps are not
enough.

Minimize the Rate of Risk


MCB can minimize the rate of risk on their advances by issuing secure loans to
people / industry, so that they can improve their credit rating as well.

Emphasize Low Cost Debt. Financing


MCB must emphasize on low cost debt financing.

Customer Care
As the banking business is much more based on customers rather than other
businesses. In this monopolistic type of business competitions, where there are
penalty of substitutes available, the customer care is very much important.

Connectivity of ATM Machines with 1 Link


MCB now can connect its switch MNet to 1 link because most of the banks are
connected with 1 link and MNet customers can not avail the cash withdrawal facility
form 1 link ATMs.

9. BIBLIOGRAPHY

71

financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008.


Retrievedfrom
https://www.mcb.com.pk/assets/documents/financial_statements/MC
B%20Annual%20Report%202009.pdf

financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009.


Retrievedfrom http://www.sbp.org.pk/stats/Balance/Dec2009/Muslim%20Commercial%20Bank%20Ltd.pdf

financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2010.


Retrievedfrom
https://www.mcb.com.pk/assets/documents/financial_statements/MC
B%20Annual%20Report_2011.pdf

financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011.


Retrievedfrom www.mcbgroup.com/en/media/849.1%20MCB%20AR
%202012%20SPREADS_tcm12-4761.pdf

financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2012.


Retrievedfrom
https://www.mcb.com.pk/assets/MCB_Annual_Report_2013.pdf
Ministry of Finance. (2012-2013). ECONOMIC SURVEY OF PAKISTAN.
Islamabad: Ministry of Finance.
Edward I. Altman (2012).financial ratios, discriminant analysis and the prediction of

corporate bankruptcy.

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Commons Attribution .

10.ANNEXURES
72

Annexure -I
BRANCH STRUCTURE& FUNCTIONS

73

Annexure II

74

Annexure IV

CIRCLE WISE BREAKUP OF BRANCHES

76

Annexure V

ORGANOGRAM OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT

77

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