Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Economic Growth
and
Corruption
Bribe-takers ranked
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Corruption Ranking
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(www.transparency.org)
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TABLE 2
TABLE 1
Corruption Perceptions Index, 2015
(168 countries and territories)
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RANK
COUNTRY
Denmark
Finland
Sweden
New Zealand
Netherlands/Norway
Switzerland
Singapore
16
Austria/USA
18
83
Benin/China/Columbia/
Liberia/Sri Lanka
167
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154
Eritrea/Syria/Turkmenistan/Yemen (1.8)
158
161
Iraq/Libya (1.6)
163
165
Sudan (1.2)
166
Afghanistan (1.1)
167
167
Somalia (0.8)
2014
(Rank)
2013
(Rank)
2012
(Rank)
2011
(Rank)
2010
(Rank)
2009
(Rank)
1995
Brunei
Darussala
m
insufficient
survey
information
insufficient
survey
information
6.0 (38)
5.5 (46)
5.2 (44)
5.5 (38)
5.5 (39)
N/A
Cambodia
2.1 (150)
2.1 (156)
2.0 (160)
2.2 (157)
2.1 (164)
2.1 (154)
2.0 (158)
3.44
3.6 (88)
3.4 (107)
3.2 (114)
3.2 (118)
3.0 (100)
2.8 (110)
2.8 (111)
1.94
2.5 (139)
2.5 (145)
2.6 (140)
2.1 (160)
2.2 (154)
2.1 (154)
2.0 (158)
N/A
Malaysia
5.0 (54)
5.2 (50)
5.0 (53)
4.9 (54)
4.3 (60)
4.4 (56)
4.5 (56)
5.28
Myanmar
Laos
TABLE 3
COUNTRY
2015
(Rank)
Indonesia
2.2 (147)
2.1 (156)
2.1 (157)
1.5 (172)
1.5 (180)
1.4 (176)
1.4 (178)
N/A
Philippines
3.5 (95)
3.8 (85)
3.6 (94)
3.4 (105)
2.6 (129)
2.4 (134)
2.4 (139)
2.77
Singapore
8.5 (8)
8.4 (7)
8.6 (5)
8.7 (5)
9.2 (5)
9.3 (1)
9.2 (3)
9.26
Thailand
3.8 (76)
3.8 (85)
3.5 (102)
3.7 (88)
3.4 (80)
3.5 (78)
3.4 (84)
2.79
Vietnam
3.1 (112)
3.1 (119)
3.1 (116)
3.1 (123)
2.9 (112)
2.7 (116)
2.7 (120)
10N/A
Country
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Uganda example
13
Manifestations of corruption
1. Corruption also undermines the
competitive forces (as new firms must
pay bribes at every turn beginning from
registering the business) that are central
to well-functioning markets
2. Corruption lowers public spending on
health and education, which in turn
limits opportunities for poor people to
invest in their human capital and to
participate in markets
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14
Manifestations of corruption
3.
4.
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Pattern
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Features
Selected Countries
Anti-corruption laws
without an anticorruption agency
China, India,
Philippines
Single anti-corruption
agency
Singapore, Hong
Kong SAR, Thailand,
South Korea
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Study Conclusions
Of the three patterns of corruption control, Pattern
3 is more effective than Patterns 1 and 2
The key factor responsible for combating corruption
effectively in a country is the political will or
commitment of its political leadership
Pattern 2 is also not a good option as the
reliance on multiple anti-corruption agencies in
China, India, and the Philippines has not been
effective in curbing corruption because of the lack of
coordination, inter-agency competition, and the
dilution of the anti-corruption effort by spreading
the limited resources among these agencies.
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Singapore
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Combating corruption in
Botswana and Lithuania
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Botswana
Botswana
Following a series of high-level
corruption scandals, Botswana created
a Directorate of Corruption and
Economic Crime in 1994 with
powers to investigate and prosecute
suspects, prevent corruption, and
educate the public
The directorate is an autonomous
agency under the office of the
President
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Fighting graft
doing a global public good
Lithuania
In 1997 Lithuania established a Special
Investigation Service that reports to
the President and the Parliament
The number of prosecutions for bribetaking increased sevenfold between 1997
and 2002 (from 10 a year to 73), and the
cases of prosecution for abuse of office,
from 2 in 1997 to 19 in 2002
World Development Report 2005
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Fighting graft
doing a global public good
[https://www.unodc.org/documents/treaties/UNCAC/Publicati
ons/Convention/08-50026_E.pdf}
30
References
31
32
References
Quah, J, S.T. (2011). Curbing Corruption in Asian
Countries: An Impossible Dream?. Research in
Public Policy Analysis and Management, Volume
20, pp 439-469. United Kingdom: Emerald Group
Publishing Limited
Tanzi, Vito (1998). Corruption around the world,
IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 45, No.4, December
Transparency International (1995, 2009-2015).
Corruption Perceptions Index,
http://www.transparency.org
World Bank (1997,2002,2005). World
Development Report
World Bank (2002). Building Institutions for
Markets, World Development Report
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