DESIGN OF WINGWALL

File Name:

marrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr

I. Load Analysis
A. Geometry:

detalye
H1:
H2:
H3:
L1:
L2:
Maximun Thickness, T1:
Minimum Thickness, T2:

1.15 m
2.50 m
0.25 m
2.50 m
0.15 m
0.80 m
0.66 m

Area
Wingwall 1:
Area =
X1 =
AreaX1 =
Total Area =
XL=

Wingwall 2:
Area =
X2 =
AreaX2 =

2.88 m2
1.25 m
3.5938 m3

2.94 m2
0.9333 m
2.7417 m3

Wingwall 3:
Area =
X3 =
AreaX3 =

6.19 m2
1.03 m

Weight
Concrete Unit Weight:
Wingwall 1:
Volume =
Weight =
Parapet:
Area =
Volume =
Weight =
D. Earth Pressure

24.0 kN/m3
2.300 m
55.200 kN
3

0.20 m2
0.50 m3
12 kN

Wingwall 2:
Volume =
Weight =

2.350 m3
56.400 kN

Parameters
Unit Weight of Soil s:
Friction Angle, :

19.00
35.00
0.40

kN/m3
deg

Seismic Acceleration Coefficient, A:

Horizontal Acceleration Coefficient, kh: 0.60
Check for Horizontal Acceleration coefficient:

kh (1-kv)tan(-)
0.600

Vertical Acceleration Coefficient, kv:

Slope of Soil Face, :

:
Angle of Friction Between Soil and Abutment, :
Backfill Slope Angle, :

(taken as

0.00
0.00
30.96
15.00
0.00

<

1.5

of A)
(AASHTO C6.3.2 1-A)

0.700

deg
deg
deg
deg

ok!!!

( = arc tan ( kh / 1 - kv ))

Slope of Wall, :

90.00

deg

Seismic Earth Pressure (Mononobe-Okabe Principle)

= 1+

cos2(--)
coscos2cos(++)

KAE=

sin(+)sin(--)
cos(++)cos(-)

1.6346

1.021

Static Active Earth Pressure

= 1+

sin(+)sin(-)
sin(-)sin(+)

sin2(+)
sin2sin(-)

KA=

2.804

0.248

Forces
Surcharge

Height of Surcharge, hsur =

Qsur = s*hsur*KA =

1.00 m

Static Active Earth Pressure

Qe1 = s*H1*KA =
kPa
5.414
Qe2 = s*(H1+H2)*KA =
kPa
17.183
Seismic Earth Pressure
Qse1 = s*(H1+H2)*(KAE-KA) =
53.643
Qse2 = s*H2*(KAE-KA) =
kPa
36.742

2
3
4
5
kPa

6
7

Fh

Moment

Psur1
Psur2
Psur3

13.534
13.828
1.765

1.250
0.933
0.075

16.918
12.906
0.132

Pe1
Pe2
Pe3

7.782
33.188
4.237

1.250
0.933
0.075

9.728
30.976
0.318

Pse1
Pse2
Pse3
Pw1
Pw2
Pw3
Ppar

129.929
53.965
6.889
33.120
33.840
4.320
7.200

1.250
0.933
0.075
1.250
0.933
7.200
1.250

162.411
50.367
0.517
41.400
31.584
31.104
9.000

FORCES
Live Load (LL)
Surcharge

4.70754 kPa

Earth Pressure (E)

Active
Earthquake (EQ)
Seismic Earth
Pressure

Wing Wall
Parapet
Load Combinations:

Cases
Case I = 1.3 [ DL + 1.67 LL + 1.3E ]

Shear

Moment

139.64

134.36

Case IA = 1.3 [ DL + 2.2 LL ]

83.31

85.68

Case IB = 1.3 [ DL + LL + 1.3E]

114.27

108.27

Case II = 1.3 [ DL + 1.3E ]

76.40

69.33

Case VII = 1.3 [ DL + 1.3E + EQ ]

426.44

493.62

Design Moment:
Design Shear:

135.24 kN-m
116.83 kN

AreaX3 =

0.38 m2
0.075 m
0.0281 m3

Wingwall 3:
Volume =
Weight =

0.300 m3
7.200 kN

SHTO C6.3.2 1-A)

DESIGN OF WINGWALL
File Name:

marrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr

I. Load Analysis
A. Geometry:

detalye
H1:
H2:
H3:
L1:
L2:
Thickness, T1:
Thickness, T2:

1.40 m
4.90 m
0.00 m
7.70 m
0.00 m
0.45 m
0.80 m

6.30

Area
Wingwall 1:
Area =
X1 =
AreaX1 =
Total Area =
XL=

10.78 m2
3.85 m
41.503 m3

Wingwall 2:
Area =
X2 =
AreaX2 =

18.87 m2
2.5667 m
48.42 m3

Wingwall 3:
Area =
X3 =
AreaX3 =

29.65 m2
3.03 m

Weight
Concrete Unit Weight:
Wingwall 1:
Volume =
Weight =
Parapet:
Area =
Volume =
Weight =
D. Earth Pressure

24.0 kN/m3
4.851 m
116.424 kN
3

0.20 m2
1.54 m3
36.96 kN

Wingwall 2:
Volume =
Weight =

15.092 m3
362.208 kN

Parameters
Unit Weight of Soil s:
Friction Angle, :

18.80
35.00
0.40

kN/m3
deg

Seismic Acceleration Coefficient, A:

Horizontal Acceleration Coefficient, kh: 0.60
Check for Horizontal Acceleration coefficient:

kh (1-kv)tan(-)
0.600

Vertical Acceleration Coefficient, kv:

Slope of Soil Face, :

:
Angle of Friction Between Soil and Abutment, :
Backfill Slope Angle, :
Slope of Wall, :

(taken as

0.00
0.00
30.96
15.00
0.00
90.00

<

1.5

of A)
(AASHTO C6.3.2 1-A)

0.700

deg
deg
deg
deg
deg

ok!!!

( = arc tan ( kh / 1 - kv ))

Seismic Earth Pressure (Mononobe-Okabe Principle)

= 1+

cos2(--)
coscos2cos(++)

KAE=

sin(+)sin(--)
cos(++)cos(-)

1.6346

1.021

Static Active Earth Pressure

= 1+

sin(+)sin(-)
sin(-)sin(+)

sin2(+)
sin2sin(-)

KA=

2.804

0.248

STATIC ACTIVE EAR

Forces
Surcharge

0
0.298

Height of Surcharge, hsur =

Qsur = s*hsur*KA =

0.798

4.65798 kPa

Static Active Earth Pressure

Qe1 = s*H1*KA =
kPa
6.521
Qe2 = s*(H1+H2)*KA =
kPa
29.345
Seismic Earth Pressure
Qse1 = s*(H1+H2)*(KAE-KA) =
91.615
Qse2 = s*H2*(KAE-KA) =
kPa
71.256

Veh. Coll.
Earth Pressure (E)
Active

1.048
1.298
1.548
1.798
2.048

kPa

Fh

Moment

Psur1
Psur2
Psur3
Pcol

50.213
87.873
0.000
0.000

3.850
2.567
0.000
3.500

193.320
225.540
0.000
0.000

Pe1
Pe2
Pe3

35.149
338.311
0.000

3.850
2.567
0.000

135.324
868.330
0.000

Pse1
Pse2
Pse3
Pw1
Pw2
Pw3
Ppar

877.879
672.126
0.000
69.854
217.325
0.000
22.176

3.850
2.567
0.000
3.850
2.567
0.000
3.850

3379.835
1725.124
0.000
268.939
557.800
0.000
85.378

FORCES
Live Load (LL)
Surcharge

0.548

1.00 m

SEISMIC EARTH

0
0.298
0.548

Earthquake (EQ)
Seismic Earth
Pressure

Wing Wall
Parapet
Load Combinations:

Cases
Case I = 1.3 [ DL + 1.67 LL + 1.3E ]

2.298
2.548
2.798
3.048
3.618

Shear

Moment

930.93

2605.52

0.798
1.048
1.298
1.548
1.798
2.048
2.298
2.548
2.798
3.048
3.618

Case IA = 1.3 [ DL + 2.2 LL ]

394.93

1197.94

Case IB = 1.3 [ DL + LL + 1.3E]

810.66

2240.69

Case II = 1.3 [ DL + 1.3E ]

631.15

1696.18

Case VII = 1.3 [ DL + 1.3E + EQ ]

3048.32

9518.38

Design Moment:
Design Shear:

1510.9 kN-m
483.86 kN

AreaX3 =

0.00 m2
0m
0 m3

Wingwall 3:
Volume =
Weight =

0.000 m3
0.000 kN

SHTO C6.3.2 1-A)

STATIC ACTIVE EARTH

0
0.298
0.548
0.798
1.048
1.298
1.548
1.798
2.048
2.298
2.548
2.798
3.048
3.618

29.345
26.928
24.901
22.873
20.845
18.817
16.790
14.762
12.734
10.706
8.679
6.651
4.623
0.000

SEISMIC EARTH

0
0.298
0.548
0.798
1.048
1.298
1.548
1.798
2.048
2.298
2.548
2.798
3.048
3.618

0.000
7.546
13.877
20.207
26.538
32.868
39.199
45.529
51.860
58.190
64.521
70.851
77.182
91.615

6.48
11.52
###
2.6182

II. Design of Reinforcement for Upper Slab Corners

A. Section Properties
Concrete Compressive Strength, f'c =
Steel Yeild Strength, fy =
Concrete Cover, Main Bars, cc =
Main Bar Diameter, dbh =
Vertical Bar Diameter, dbv =

27.60
MPa
414.00
MPa
0.050
m
25
mm
0
mm
Member Thickness, h =
0.80
m
Member Width, b =
1.00
m
Effective Depth, d = h - cc -dbv- 0.5dbh
d=

0.738

B. Design for Flexure Reinforcement

Design Moment, MD =

677.00
Strength Reduction Factor, = 0.9
Equivalent Depth Factor, 1 = 0.850

kN-m/m

Minimum Steel Ratio

Modulus of Rupture, fr =
0.70 (f'c)
fr =
3.677
Mpa
Moment of Inertia Ig = bh3/12
Ig =
m4
0.04267
yt = h/2 =
0.400
m
Cracking Moment, Mcr =
frIg / yt =
392.27
kN-m
1.2Mcr =
470.720
kN-m
Minimum Steel Ratio, min = (0.85f'c / fy)(1-(1-(2(1.2Mcr) / (0.85bd2f'c)))
min =
0.00237
Maximum Steel Ratio
Balanced Steel Ratio, b = (0.85f'c600) / (fy(600+fy)
b =
0.0285
Maximum Steel Ratio, max = 0.75bal =
0.0214
Required Steel Area
Coefficient of Resistance, Rn = Md / bd2 =
1.383
MPa
Steel Reinforcement Ratio, = (0.85f'c / fy)(1-(1-(2Rn / 0.85f'c))) =
min max
okey!!!

0.00345

Use =
0.00345
Required Steel Area, As = bd = 2540.92074624 mm2
Adopted:
25
0

mm diameter bars @
mm diameter bars @

150
150

mm
mm

(Actual a =

0.00444

C. Design for Shear Reinforcement

Shear at Section, VD1 =
Moment at Section, MD1 =

374
kN
677.00
kN -m
VD1d / MD1 1
okey!!!
Steel Ratio Provided, a =
0.00444
Strength Reduction Factor, =
0.85
Concrete Shear Strength
Shear Capacity of Concrete, Vc = (0.18(f'c) + 31a(dVD1/MD1))bd
but shall not exceed (1/3)(f'c) bd

`
Since VD1

<

and not be taken less than (1/4) (f'c) bd

Vc=
968.627
kN
Vc=
823.333
kN
Vc, Stirrups are not needed

Shear Strength to be Provided, Vs = (VD1/) - Vc

Vs =
-528.627
kN
Vs shall not be taken greater than (2/3) (f'c) bd

okey!!!

Tie Bar Diameter, dt =

Area of Tie Bar, Av =

10 mm
79 mm2
Number of Ties per Section, n = 3.333 pcs
Spacing, s = (nAvfyd)/Vs
s=

-151.195

mm

Maximum Spacing:
If Vs (1/3) (f'c) bd
smax = 368.75 mm
Adopted:
10 mm diameter bars @

300.03

per section @

D. Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement

Total Area of Reinforcement, Ast = (0.75bh) / (2(b+h)fy)
Ast =
mm2/mm
0.403
0.233 Ast 1.27
okey!!!
use Ast =
402.576
Rebar Diameter, db = 12 mm2
Spacing, st = 280.93 mm
Maximum Spacing = 450 mm
Adopted:
12

mm diameter bars @

250

mm

mm2/mm

150

mm

(AASHTO 8.22.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.1.2.2)
(AASHTO 8.16.2.7)

(AASHTO 8.15.2.1.1)

(AASHTO 8.13.3)
(AASHTO 8.17.1.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.4.2.3)

(AASHTO 8.16.3.1.1)

0.00345

mm2)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.7.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.1.2.2)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.7.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.1.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.3.9)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.3.8)

(AASHTO LRFD 2007 5.10.8)

II. Design of Vertical Reinforcement

A. Section Properties
Concrete Compressive Strength, f'c =
Steel Yeild Strength, fy =
Concrete Cover, Main Bars, cc =
Vertical Bar Diameter, dbv =

27.60
414.00
0.050
20
Wall Thickness, h =
0.80
Member Width, b =
1.00
h
c
0.5dbh
Effective Depth, d =
c
d=

0.740

MPa
MPa
m
mm
m
m
m

B. Design for Flexure Reinforcement

Design Moment, MD =

613.00
Strength Reduction Factor, = 0.9
Equivalent Depth Factor, 1 = 0.850

kN-m/m

Minimum Steel Ratio

Modulus of Rupture, fr =
0.70 (f'c)
fr =
3.677
Mpa
3
Moment of Inertia Ig = bh /12
Ig =
m4
0.04267
yt = h/2 =
0.400
m
Cracking Moment, Mcr =
frIg / yt =
392.27
kN-m
1.2Mcr =
470.720
kN-m
Minimum Steel Ratio, min = (0.85f'c / fy)(1-(1-(2(1.2Mcr) / (0.85bd2f'c)))
min =
0.00236
Maximum Steel Ratio
Balanced Steel Ratio, b = (0.85f'c600) / (fy(600+fy)
b =
0.0285
Maximum Steel Ratio, max = 0.75bal =
0.0214
Required Steel Area
Coefficient of Resistance, Rn = Md / bd2 =
1.244
MPa
Steel Reinforcement Ratio, = (0.85f'c / fy)(1-(1-(2Rn / 0.85f'c))) =
min max
okey!!!

0.00309

Use =
0.00309
Required Steel Area, As = bd = 2285.52246336 mm2
Adopted:
20
0

mm diameter bars @
mm diameter bars @

100
150

mm
mm

(Actual a =

0.00425

C. Design for Shear Reinforcement

Shear at Section, VD1 =
Moment at Section, MD1 =

374
kN
613.00
kN -m
VD1d / MD1 1
okey!!!
Steel Ratio Provided, a =
0.00425
Strength Reduction Factor, =
0.85
Concrete Shear Strength
Shear Capacity of Concrete, Vc = (0.18(f'c) + 31a(dVD1/MD1))bd
but shall not exceed (1/3)(f'c) bd

`
Since VD1

<

and not be taken less than (1/4) (f'c) bd

Vc=
971.910
kN
Vc=
826.124
kN
Vc, Stirrups are not needed

Shear Strength to be Provided, Vs = (VD1/) - Vc

Vs =
-531.910
kN
Vs shall not be taken greater than (2/3) (f'c) bd

okey!!!

Tie Bar Diameter, dt =

Area of Tie Bar, Av =

10 mm
79 mm2
Number of Ties per Section, n = 3.333 pcs
Spacing, s = (nAvfyd)/Vs
s=
Maximum Spacing:
If Vs
smax =

-150.771

mm

(1/3) (f'c) bd
370 mm

Adopted:
10 mm diameter bars @

300.03

per section @

D. Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement

Total Area of Reinforcement, Ast = (0.75bh) / (2(b+h)fy)
Ast =
mm2/mm
0.403
0.233 Ast 1.27
okey!!!
use Ast =
402.576
Rebar Diameter, db = 12 mm2
Spacing, st = 280.93 mm
Maximum Spacing = 450 mm
Adopted:
12

mm diameter bars @

250

mm

mm2/mm

150

mm

(AASHTO 8.22.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.1.2.2)
(AASHTO 8.16.2.7)

(AASHTO 8.15.2.1.1)

(AASHTO 8.13.3)
(AASHTO 8.17.1.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.4.2.3)

(AASHTO 8.16.3.1.1)

0.00309

mm2)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.7.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.1.2.2)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.7.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.1.1)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.3.9)

(AASHTO 8.16.6.3.8)

(AASHTO LRFD 2007 5.10.8)

0.72
0.43
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
3.65

earth
17.183
3.390
5.414
7.768
10.121
12.475
14.829
17.183

seismic
53.643
53.643
43.061
36.742
29.393
22.045
14.697
7.348