01 - 01units and Dimensions

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MEASUREMENT AND UNITS & DIMENSIONS

PREVIOUS EAMCET BITS
1. When a wave traverses a medium the displacement of a particle located at ‘x’ at a time ‘t ‘ is
given by y = asin ( bt - cx ) , where a, b, c are constants of the wave, which of the following is a
quantity with dimensions ? [EAMCET 2009 E]
1) y/a 2) bt 3) cx 4) b/c
Ans: 4
y Displacement L
Sol : 1. = = = No dimensions.
a amplitude L
2. bt = No dimension. Since angle has no dimensions.
3. cx = No dimensions. Since angle has no dimensions.
4. Angle has no dimensions, according to the principle of homogeneity of dimensions.
b x L
∴ bt = cx ⇒ = = = LT -1 = velocity
c t T
2. The energy [ E] , angular momentum ( L ) and universal gravitational constant ( G ) are chosen as
fundamental quantities. The dimensions of universal gravitational constant in the dimensional
formula of planks constant ( h ) is. [EAMCET 2008 E]
5
1) 0 2) -1 3) 4) 1
3
Ans: 1
Sol : From the given problem
h = Ea LbG c
Where a, b, c are constants
From the principle of homogeneity of dimensions
Dimensions of h = ⎡⎣ML2 T-1 ⎤⎦
Dimensions of E = ⎡⎣ML2 T-2 ⎤⎦
Dimensions of L = ⎡⎣ML2 T-1 ⎤⎦
Dimensions of G = ⎡⎣M -1 L3 T-2 ⎤⎦
a b c
∴ ⎡⎣ ML2 T -1 ⎤⎦ = ⎡⎣ ML2 T -2 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ ML2 T -1 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ M -1 L3 T -2 ⎤⎦
M1 = M a+b-c ⇒ a + b - c = 0.................1
L2 = L2a+2b=3c ⇒ 2a + 2b + 3c = 0...................2
T-1 = T-2a-b-2c ⇒ - 2a - b - 2c = 1...............3
Solving 1, 2 & 3 we get c = 0
3. Some physics constants are given in List – I and their dimensional formula are given in List – II.
Match the following: [EAMCET 2007 E]
List – I List – II
1) Planck’s constant i) ⎡⎣ ML−1T −2 ⎤⎦
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2) Gravitational constant ii) ⎡⎣ ML−1T −1 ⎤⎦
3) Bulk modulus iii) ⎡⎣ ML2 T −1 ⎤⎦
4) Coefficient of viscosity iv) ⎡⎣ M −1L3T −2 ⎤⎦
The correct answer is
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1) iv iii ii i 2) ii i iii iv
3) iii ii i iv 4) iii iv i ii
Ans: 4
Energy ML2 T -2
Sol : 1. Plancks constant = = -1
= ⎡⎣ ML2 T -1 ⎤⎦
Frequency T
Fr 2
2. Gravitational constant ( G ) = = ⎡ M -1 L3 T -2 ⎤⎦
m1m 2 ⎣
Bulk Stress F/A
3. Bulk modulus = = = ⎡⎣ ML-1 T -2 ⎤⎦
Volume strain dv
v
F ⎛ dv ⎞
4. Co-efficient of viscosity = ⎜ from F = ηa ⎟
A. ⎝ dx ⎠
dv
dx
MLT -2
= = ⎡⎣ ML-1 T -1 ⎤⎦
⎛ LT -1
⎞
L2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ L ⎠
2006 :
4. If C, R, L and I denote capacity, resistance, inductance and electric current respectively, the
quantitates having the same dimensions of time are [EAMCET 2006 E]
a) CR b) L/R c) LC d) LI 2
1) a and b only 2) a and c only 3) a and d only 4) a, b and c only
Ans: 4
Sol : Dimensional formula of capacity = ⎡⎣M -1 L-2 T4 A 2 ⎤⎦
Dimensional formula of Resistance = ⎡⎣M L2 T-3 A -2 ⎤⎦
Dimensional formula of Inductance = ⎡⎣M L2 T-2 A -2 ⎤⎦
Dimensional formula of Current = ⎡⎣ M 0 L0 T0 A ⎤⎦
a. CR = ( M -1 L-2 T4 A 2 )( ML2 T-3 A -2 ) = M 0 L0 TA 0 = Time
L ML2 T-2 A -2
b. = = T = Time
R ML2 T-3 A -2
c. LC = ( ML T2 -2
A -2 )( M -1L-2 T4 A 2 ) = T = Time
d. LI 2 = ML2 T-2 A -2 x A 2 = ML2 T-2 = energy

5. Names of units some physical quantities are given in List – I and their dimensional formulae are
given in List II. Match the correct pairs in the lists [EAMCET 2005 E]
List –I List – II
a) Pa s (e) ⎡⎣ L2 T −2 K −1 ⎤⎦
b) Nm K–1 (f) ⎡⎣ MLT −3K −1 ⎤⎦
c) J kg −1K −1 (g) ⎡⎣ ML−1T −1 ⎤⎦
d) Wm −1K −1 (h) ⎡⎣ ML2 T −2 K −1 ⎤⎦
a b c d a b c d
1) h g e f 2) g f h e
3) g e h f 4) g h e f
Ans: 4
Sol :
a. Dimensional formula of Pa – s = ⎡⎣ ML-1T-2 ⎤⎦ [ T]
= ⎡⎣ML-1 T-1 ⎤⎦
b. Dimensional formula of Nm - k -1 = ⎡⎣MLT-2 ⎤⎦ [ L ] ⎡⎣K -1 ⎤⎦
= ⎡⎣ML2 T-2 K -1 ⎤⎦
c. Dimensional formula of J kg -1k -1 = ⎡⎣ML2 T-2 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣M -1 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ K -1 ⎤⎦
= ⎡⎣L2 T-2 K -1 ⎤⎦
d. Dimensional formula of Wm -1 k -1 = ⎡⎣ML2 T-3 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣L-1 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣K -1 ⎤⎦
= ⎡⎣MLT-3 K -1 ⎤⎦
6. The position of a particle at time ‘t’ is given by the equation x(t) =

V0
A
(1 − eAt ) V0 = constant and
A > 0. Dimension of V0 and A respectively are [EAMCET 2004 E]
1) M°LT° and T −1 2) M°LT −1 and LT −2 3) M°LT −1 and T 4) M°LT −1 and T −1
Ans: 4
Sol : Since exponential functions has no dimensions
∴ AT = M 0 L0T0 ⇒ A = ⎣⎡T-1 ⎦⎤
According to the principle of homogeneity of dimensions
V
x = 0 ⇒ V0 = xA = ⎡⎣LT-1 ⎤⎦
A

7. In planetary motion the areal velocity of position vector of a planet depends on angular velocity
(ω) and the distance of the planet from sun (r). If so the correct relation for areal velocity is
[EAMCET 2003 E]
dA dA dA dA
1) ∝ ωr 2) ∝ ω2 r 3) ∝ ωr 2 4) ∝ ωr
dt dt dt dt
Ans : 3
dA
Sol : In the problem it is given that Areal velocity depends on angular frequency ( ω) and distance
dt
of the planet from the sun (r)
dA
∴ α ωa r b
dt
Where a and b are dimensions of ω and r .
dA
⇒ = K ωa r b
dt
K is proportionality constant writing dimensional formulas on both sides ⎡⎣ L2 T-1 ⎤⎦ = ⎡⎣T-1 ⎤⎦ [ L ]
a b

L2 = Lb ⇒ b = 2
T-1 = T-a ⇒ a =1
⎛ a ⎞
8. The Vander Waal’s equation for a gas is ⎜ P + 2 ⎟ ( V − b ) = nRT where P, V, R, T and n
⎝ V ⎠
represent the pressure volume, universal gas constant, absolute temperature and number of moles
of a gas respectively, ‘a’ and ‘b’ are constant. The ratio b/a will have the following dimensional
formula : [EAMCET 2002 E]
−1 −2 2 −1 −1 −1 2 2 −2
1) M L T 2) M L T 3) ML T 4) MLT
Ans: 1
Sol : According to the principle of homogeneity of dimensions physical quantities having same
dimensional formula can be added or subtracted.
a 2
∴ P = 2 ⇒ a = Pv 2 = ⎡⎣ML-1 T-2 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ L3 ⎤⎦ = ⎡⎣ML5 T-2 ⎤⎦
v
b L3
v = b = L3 ⇒ = = ⎡M -1 L-2 T+2 ⎤⎦
a ML5 T-2 ⎣
9. In C.G.S system the magnitude of the force is 100 dynes. In another system where the
fundamental physical quantities are kilogram, meter and minute, the magnitude of the force is
[EAMCET 2001 E]
1) 0.0.36 2) 0.36 3) 3.6 4) 36
Ans: 4
Sol : From n1u1 = n 2 u 2
n1 ⎡⎣ M1L1T1−2 ⎤⎦ = n1 ⎡⎣ M 2 L 2 T2−2 ⎤⎦
−2
⎡M ⎤⎡L ⎤⎡T ⎤
n 2 = n1 ⎢ 1 ⎥ ⎢ 1 ⎥ ⎢ 1 ⎥
⎣ M 2 ⎦ ⎣ L 2 ⎦ ⎣ T2 ⎦

−2
⎡ g ⎤ ⎡ cm ⎤ ⎡ s ⎤
n 2 = 100 ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ kg ⎦ ⎣ m ⎦ ⎣ min ⎦
−2
⎡ g ⎤ ⎡ cm ⎤ ⎡ s ⎤
= 100 ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥
⎣1000g ⎦ ⎣100cm ⎦ ⎣ 60s ⎦
n 2 = 3.6
10. The fundamental , physical quantities that have same dimensions in the formulae of torque and
angular momentum are [EAMCET 2000 E]
1) mass, time 2) time, length 3) mass, length 4) time, mole
Ans: 3
Sol : Dimensional formula of Torque = ⎡⎣ML2 T-2 ⎤⎦
Dimensional formula of angular momentum = mvr = ⎡⎣ML2 T-1 ⎤⎦
∴Mass and length have same dimensions
11. If pressure P, velocity V and time T are taken as fundamental physical quantities, the dimensional
formula of the force is [EAMCET 2000 E]
2 2 −1 2 −2 2 −1
1) PV T 2) P V T 3) PVT 4) P VT 2
Ans: 1
Sol : From the given problem F α P a v b Tc
Where a, b, c are dimensions
F = K P a v b Tc
K is dimensionless proportionality constant
Dimensional formula of Force = ⎡⎣MLT-2 ⎤⎦
Dimensional formula of Pressure = ⎡⎣ML-1 T-2 ⎤⎦
Dimensional formula of Velocity = ⎡⎣LT-1 ⎤⎦
Dimensional formula of Time = [ T]
∴ ⎡⎣MLT-2 ⎤⎦ = ⎡⎣ ML-1 T-2 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ LT-1 ⎤⎦ [ T]
a b c
⎡⎣ MLT-2 ⎤⎦ = ⎡⎣ M a ⎤⎦ [ L ] [ T]
-a+b -2a-b+c

⇒ M1 = M a a =1
⇒ L1 = L-a+b ∴- a + b = 1
⇒ T-2 = T-2a-b+c ∴- 2a - b + c = -2
Solving a = 1, b = 2, c = 2.
MEDICAL
12. If energy E , velocity V and time T are taken as fundamental quantitates, the dimensional formula
for surface tension is [EAMCET 2009 M]
1 2 −2 2 1 −2 2 −2 −1 −2 −2 −1
1) E V T 2) E V T 3) E V T 4) E V T
Ans 1
Sol. From the problem surface tension (s) ∝ E a V b T c
S = KE a V b T c
where a, b, c are dimensions, K is a proportionality constant
∴ ML0 T −2 = ( ML2 T −2 ) ( LT −1 ) ( T )
a b c
equating the powers

∴ a = 1, b = - 2 and c = – 2
∴ s ∝ E1V −2 T −2
13. If power (p)surface tension (T) and plancks constant (h) are arranged so that the dimensions of
time in their dimension formulae are in ascending order, then which of the following is correct
[EAMCET 2008 M]
1) P, T, h 2) P, h, T 3) T, P, h 4) T, h, P
Ans : 1
Work
Sol : Dimensional formula of power = = ⎡ML2 T-3 ⎤⎦
time ⎣
Force
Dimensional formula of surface tension = = ⎡⎣MT-2 ⎤⎦
Length
Energy
Dimensional formula of plancks constant = = ⎡ML2 T-1 ⎤⎦
frequency ⎣
Ascending order of time is -3, -2, -1
14. If force (F), work (W) and velocity (V) are taken as fundamental quantities then the dimensional
formula of time (T) is [EAMCET 2007 M]
1 1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 -1 1 -1 -1
1) W F v 2) W F v 3) W F v 4) W F v
Ans : 4
Sol : From the given problem Tα F a w b v c
Where a, b, c are dimensions
∴T = K F a w b v c
K is a dimensionless constant
a b c
T = ⎡⎣MLT-2 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ ML2 T-2 ⎤⎦ ⎡⎣ LT-1 ⎤⎦
T = [M ] [L] [ T]
a+b a+2b+c -2a-2b-c
Comparing the powers we get

a + b = 0 ……….……………..…..1
a + 2b+c = 0 ….…………………. 2
-2a -2b - c = 1……………………. 3
Solving equations 1, 2 & 3 we get
a = -1, b = 1, c = -1 ∴ T = F -1 w 1 v -1

15. Some physics constants are given in List – I and their dimensional formula are given in List – II.
Match the following: [EAMCET 2006 M]
List – I List – II
1) Planck’s constant i) ⎡⎣ ML−1T −2 ⎤⎦
2) Gravitational constant ii) ⎡⎣ ML−1T −1 ⎤⎦
3) Bulk modulus iii) ⎡⎣ ML2 T −1 ⎤⎦
4) Coefficient of viscosity iv) ⎡⎣ M −1L3T −2 ⎤⎦
The correct answer is
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
1) iv iii ii i 2) ii i iii iv
3) iii ii i iv 4) iii iv i ii
Ans: 4
Energy ML2 T -2
Sol : 1. Plancks constant = = -1
= ⎡⎣ ML2 T -1 ⎤⎦
Frequency T
Fr 2
2. Gravitational constant ( G ) = = ⎡⎣ M -1 L3 T -2 ⎤⎦
m1m 2
Bulk Stress F/A
3. Bulk modulus = = = ⎡ ML-1 T -2 ⎤⎦
Volume strain dv ⎣
v
F ⎛ dv ⎞
from F = ηa ⎟
dv ⎜⎝
4. Co-efficient of viscosity =
A. dx ⎠
dx
MLT -2
= = ⎡⎣ ML-1 T -1 ⎤⎦
⎛ LT ⎞
-1
L2 ⎜ ⎟
⎝ L ⎠
P V2
16. According to Bermoulli’s theorem + + gh = constant. The dimensional formula of the
d 2
constant is (P = Pressure, d= density, h= height, V = velocity, g = acceleration due to gravity)
[EAMCET 2005 M]
1) ⎡⎣ M L T ⎤⎦
0 0 0
2) ⎡⎣ M LT ⎤⎦
0 0
3 ⎡⎣ M L T ⎤⎦
0 2 −2
4) ⎡⎣ M L T ⎤⎦
0 2 −4
Ans: 3
p v2
Sol : According to Bernoulli’s theorem + + gh = constant
d 2
According to the principle of homogeneity of dimensions only same quantities can be added or
subtracted.
p v2
∴ Dimensional formula of = Dimensional formula of
d 2
= Dimensional formula of gh
= Dimensional formula of constant

= M 0 L2 T-2
17. The correct order in which the dimension of ‘ Length ‘ increases in the following physical
quantities is [EAMCET 2004 M]
a) permittivity b) resistance c) magnetic permeability d) stress
1) a, b, c, d 2) d, c,b, a 3) a, d, c, b 4) c, b, d, a
Ans: 3
1 Q1 Q 2
Sol : a) From coulombs law F = .
4πε 0 r 2
Q1 Q 2 ( IT ) x ( IT )
⇒ ε0 = = = ⎡⎣M -1 L-3 T4 I 2 ⎤⎦
F4πr 2 -2
MLT x L 2
v w w
b) From ohms law v = iR ⇒ R = = =
i Q i it.i
ML2 T-2
=
I2 T
= ⎡⎣ML2 T-3 I -2 ⎤⎦
c) From coulombs inverse square law
μ mm Fd 2 4π
F = 0 12 2 ⇒ μ0 =
4π d m1m 2
Where m1 ,m 2 = pole strength = [ I L ]
MLT-2 x L2
μ0 = 2 2
= ⎡⎣MLT-2 I -2 ⎤⎦
I L
Force MLT-2
d) Stress = = 2
= ⎡⎣ML-1 T-2 ⎤⎦
area L
∴ As < 3 < -1 < 1 < 2 ∴ A, D, C, B
18. The dimensional equation for magnetic flux is [EAMCET 2003 M]
1) ML2 T −2 I −1 2) ML2T −2 I −2 3) ML−2 T −2 I −1 4) ML T −2 I −2
−2
Ans: 1
F
Sol : Magnetic flux φ = BA but F = mB or B=
m
FA Force x Area MLT-2 x L2
∴ φ= = =
m Pole Strength IL
= ⎡⎣ML2 T-2 I -1 ⎤⎦
19. The dimensional formula of coefficient of kinematic viscosity is [EAMCET 2002 M]
1) M 0 L−1T −1 2) M 0 L2T −1 3) ML2 T −1 4) ML T −1
−1
Ans: 2
Sol : Coefficient of kinematic viscosity = M 0 L2 T −1

20. The dimensional formula of the product of two physical quantities P and Q is ML2 T −2 . The
dimensional formula of P/Q is MT–2. P and Q respectively are [EAMCET 2001 M]
1) Force, Velocity 2) Momentum , Displacement
3) Force , Displacement 4)Work, Velocity
Ans: 3
Sol : Check all the options which satisfies PQ = ML2 T-2 and P / Q = ML-2
1. Let force = P Velocity = Q
∴PQ = MLT x LT = ML2 T-3
-2 -1
2. PQ = Momentum x displacement
= MLT-1 x L = ⎡⎣ML2 T-1 ⎤⎦
3. PQ = force x displacement = MLT-2 x L = ⎡⎣ML2 T-2 ⎤⎦
P MLT-2
= = ⎡⎣M T -2 ⎤⎦
Q L
∴ As both the conditions are satisfied
P = Force Q = displacement
Energy
21. The physical quantity which has dimensional formula as that of is [EAMCET 2000M]
mass × length
1) Force 2) Power 3) Pressure 4) Acceleration
Ans: 4
Sol :
Energy ML2 T-2
= = L T-2 = acceleration
mass x length M xL
22. The dimensional formula of magnetic induction is [EAMCET 2000 M]
−1 −1 −2 −1 −1 2
1) MT A 2) MT A 3) MLA 4) MT A
Ans: 2
F Force MLT-2
Sol : From F = mB ⇒ B = = = = MT-2 A -1
m pole strength AL
777

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01 - 01units and Dimensions

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MEASUREMENT AND UNITS & DIMENSIONS

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

6. The position of a particle at time ‘t’ is given by the equation x(t) =

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

From the principle of homogeneity of dimensions

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

From the principle of homogeneity of dimensions

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

equating the powers

Comparing the powers we get

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

Measurement and Units & $ dimensions

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