Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Preliminary Section
The preliminary section contains formal documents like certificates, declaration, etc. It gives
the reader an idea about the title, contents of the topic of the research project and the format
of the required documents to be attached. This section contains the following:
1. Title Page
2. Certificate of from Industry
3. Certificate from the Institute [Directors Certificate]
4. Acknowledgments (if any)
5. Declaration by the student
6. Abstract / Executive Summary
7. Table of Contents
8. List of Tables (if any)
9. List of Figures (if any)
The above order of the contents should be maintained while preparing the
report.
The page numbers for this section have to be written in Roman small
alphabets, (eg. xi) and must be written at the bottom of the page in center.
Title page/ Front Cover: The front cover shall contain the following details
embossed in Golden Colour.
Top : The Title of the project, and name of the organization in the block
capitals of 6mm size letters properly centered.
Center: Submitted to Pune University , by _______(full name of the
candidate) with course specification and year of submission, in Block Capitals
of 3mm size letters, properly centered.
Bottom:
(All in Block capitals of 3mm size letters in separate lines with
spacing and properly centered.)
1
2
Name of the company must be written exactly as it appears on the certificate issued
by the company
Title of the research topic must be also exactly same as it is mentioned in the
certificate and all other inner pages of the report.
3
4
DECLARATION:
It is necessary for a student to declare that his/her project work is original. The following is
the format for the same.
DECLARATION
I herby declare that the project titled _______________________ is an original piece of
research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of
_____________________ (Name of the Guide). The information has been collected from
genuine & authentic sources. The work has been submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirement of _____________(Name of Course) to Pune University.
Place:
Signature:
Date:
Executive summary is a summary of the project work presented in not more than
1.5page. The executive summary is expected to provide answers to some key
questions mentioned below.
What did you do it?
Why did you do it?
It gives the substance of the report. In fact, a summary presents the reports in a
nutshell, without any illustrations and explanations.
Since it will be summary of what you yourself have written, it may be better to
prepare the abstract/ summary directly from the outline or the table of contents,
without getting entangled in the text, and then to check it with the main body of the
report. This procedure will give you a better sense of balance and perspective.
The Executive Summary will not read more than two pages.
7.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1
2
3
4
5
6
CHAPTER II
CONCEPT & METHODOLOGY
2.1 Concepts relating to study topic
2.2 Methodology Details- Description of Research Design and Procedures used
2.3 Sources of Data
2.4 Sampling Procedures
2.5 Methods and Instruments of Data Gathering
CHAPTER III
Organizational Profile
Data Analysis
PAGE NO.
Tables may be more or less depending upon the tables included in each chapter
PAGE NO.
Figures may be more or less depending upon the figure in drawn/ used/ included in each
chapter.
B. MAIN BODY
1. INTRODUCTION:
1
Introduction is the first chapter of the project report through which the researcher
introduces the research topic to the readers. The main function is to say what the
report is about, what work has already been done on the subject and what new
grounds are covered in the present study.
Since the introduction sets the scene and prepares the reader for what is to follow, take
utmost care in writing it. It should be object oriented and must be clear. The
introduction to a report states in a forthright manner what you are going to discuss and
does not admit of any vagueness. Thus, the Introductory chapter should cover
following points:
o
o
o
o
o
o
Basic Theoretical Concepts: Here you shall mention the basic theoretical concepts of
the topic of study.
Objectives: While writing the objectives of the study, a general review of how the
problem arises is presented along with the specific objectives of the project under study.
1.2 Objectives of the report
A project report has two types of objectives, primary and secondary. The primary
objective is the main purpose of the study and to answer this objective you require to get
answers of some supporting questions, which are called secondary objective. There
should be minimum five to six objectives, which should be answered in the conclusions.
1.3 Need/ Significance of the study:
Here the student is expected to write:
Why he/ she conducted this study
Sources of key originating research
The selected problem in the theoretical context of the concerned discipline should be
specified.
1.4 Limitations
Scope: Scope of your study must mention the topical, functional as well as
geographical scope of your study.
1.5 Hypothesis:
Hypothesis: A little detail explanation is required about writing Hypothesis. Students
must note that Hypothesis is nothing but a mere assumption or some supposition to be
proved or disproved by putting it to a test. Or Hypothesis is a tentative generalizationthe validity of which remains to be tested.
Hypothesis should be clear and less in number. It should be simple and limited in
scope. It must be a testable statement, e.g.,
Employees who receive training and counseling show a greater increase in creativity
and productivity than employees who do not receive training and counseling.
Such a statement can be objectively tested and verified.
Please note that forming a hypothesis is optional about summer project research.
This introductory chapter may run 5-6 pages.
CHAPTER II
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
Details regarding the different methodology used in terms conceptual data will be
included in this. If possible appropriate reason of usage of a methodology should be
mentioned.
Research plan, Design, i.e. in simple words, how you would carry out the research?
Sources of Data:
Methods of Data collection used for the project: You are required to collect different
types of data for the project and it should be mentioned specifically. Data can be collected
through two sources:
a. Primary Data:The first hand information which has been collected by the researcher or his agent is
called Primary Data
The Primary data are those which are collected afresh and for the first time, and thus
happens to be original in character.
4 Sampling procedures:
To minimize the cost, time and repetition, a representative sample is chosen for the study.
Sampling is the process which helps to select an appropriate sample which minimizes
error in study.
Sampling is carried out on a definite population and hence you must define population
with reference to your project. Also, you must specify sampling unit and sample size.
Sampling procedure should be defined. You must give a brief explanation for choosing a
specific sample population, unit, sample size and sample selection technique used.
Defining the target population.
The entire consideration of items from which sample is selected is called the population.
A clear definition of the population under study reduces the chances of including the
respondent who do not fit in the research objective.
Specifying Sampling unit.
Sampling unit can be a geographical area like state, district or village etc / family etc. and
if family is the unit then women in the family is the element of the unit.
e.g. for a cosmetic brand survey household above monthly income of Rs. 10,000 is the
sample unit.
Selection of sampling method
The Sampling method decides the way in a manner sample is selected. There are two
sampling methods
Probability sampling :
Under this method each member of the population has a equal chance of inclusion in the
sample. It is further divided
Simple random sampling Systematic sampling
Stratified random sampling
Multistage cluster sampling
Non-Probability sampling
Under this method factors other than random chance is used for selection of the sample
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Judgment sampling
Snowball sampling
Simple random sampling is the commonly used method for the summer projects.
For e.g. To evaluate the success of the training programme 20 samples are selected from
the total number of employees.
5
Discussion with the authority: in this method Discussing the issue with
the Authority and thus information or data for the research is gathered.
Interview: In personal interview respondent is asked questions by the researcher and thus
collect the required information.
This is further been divided into
Personal interview :
a) Direct personal: when data are collected by investigator personally by
asking questions to the persons from whom the information is to be
obtained
b) Indirect personal : when data are collected not directly by investigator but
by the person close to respondent it is called indirect personal interview.
Telephonic interview : when respondent is geographically dispersed data is
collected by asking questions on the telephone. This method is generally used
by industrial surveys and big industrial cities.
However, it is necessary to mention tool or technique used for collecting and analysis
of different types of data for the project.
The commonly used methods for collecting secondary data are:Books- Text books and reference books on the topic of study may be referred by the
researcher for in-depth knowledge of the topic and conceptual clarity.
Company annual reports and other reports: Companys annual reports/ quarterly reports,
company in-house journals/ periodicals can be also good source of data of relevant
information to the research topic.
Journals, Magazines: Research journals, Business magazines, news papers can also be a
good source of information for the research to be carried out.
Other Govt. publications: Official publications by the governments relating to govt.
policies, facts and figures can be used as authentic source of data.
Internet: Internet is a widely popular source of information worldwide, with the help of
various search engines available a researcher can obtain data relating to his topic of study.
This chapter may be written in 20-30 pages approximately.
Name, address and location of the company, also Head Office, branch offices(s )of the
company
The information given in this topic should be relevant to the topic chosen and descriptive data
related to it should be attached in the Annexure and give reference by parenthetical
statements. The information content of this chapter may vary with the fields of specialization
like HR, Marketing, Finance, etc.
The chapter must not extend beyond 8-10 pages.
CHAPTER IV:
DATA ANALYSIS:
Sometimes whole of this process is gone into for each topic or sub-topic and an
inference is drawn at the end of each.
If the data are too numerous and likely to impede explanation or discussion, give
it in annexure; in this part refer to it either by means of footnotes or parenthetical statements.
Picture is always better than a thousand words though the saying is true it is
essential to remember the following points:
Make sure that all figures, tables included in the report carry a figure/table number
and title.
In case a table, graph or a diagram is used in the project report, make sure that the
body text of the report provides appropriate reference.
The tables need to be designed properly i.e. it is easy to create a complex table with
several number of columns and rows but difficult to read the data and observe the trends. If
possible split the table into number of sub tables and provide a summary table giving general
idea of it.
If figures mentioned are more than five or six digits, it is better to present them into
thousands, lakhs or crores. In case of percentage, round off the digit to two on the right hand
side of the decimal.
This chapter may require 15-20 pages depending on the scope of the research topic.
CHAPTER 5 :
This Chapter contains three parts viz., Main Findings, Policy Suggestions, and
Scope for further research study.
Findings: Findings are statements of factual information based upon the data analysis.
Students must consider following points while writing findings:
1 Findings must relate to the data analyzed and project the rejection or proof of
hypothesis.
2 The wording of the findings must be simple & clear.
3 All the findings must be sequenced logically and serially listed. (1-2 pages)
Scope for further research study: Every research work has some limitations like
constraints as to time, data availability, monitory limitations, sampling errors,
statistical errors, etc, which may be the scope for the project improvement. Also, some
new questions may arise during the present research work, which are not properly
answered in the current project work which may be investigated further and it may be
indicated in the future scope.
(1-2 pages)
REFERENCE
SECTION
C. REFERENCE SECTION:
Any study needs references and the due credit must be given to it by its proper
mention in the reference section. Reference section namely includes:
Bibliography
Annexure
Glossary terms
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
A bibliography is the listing of the works referred to in a text or consulted by the
author in its production.
References are to be arranged in alphabetical order and two entries are separated by
a blank line.
It is a place to mention all the references material that the student has used during
the course of the project work.
Bibliography entries are divided into three categories. They are:
1
Published books: This bibliography entry for a book is made up of three parts.
They are: Author, title and the publication details. In case of Authors
name, the family name comes first followed by initials or the first name. In
case of multiple authors, the sequence of authors is to be maintained as
published in the book. The title of the book is to be reproduced as it is.
Mention title of the book in italics. The publication details include name of
the publisher, place and date or year of publication. Edition number (2nd , 3rd
etc.) .
Use a comma to separate three parts of this bibliography entry.
Example:
Kothari C.R., Research methodology-methods and techniques, New Age
International Publishers, New Delhi 1985, second edition.
Journals:: Typical bibliographical entry for journals and periodicals are done
same as Books mentioned above
The title of the article is to be reproduced as it is. Place the title of the
article in quote marks. The publication details include the name of the
journal, Volume number or Issue number, Date or month of publication. In
case the journal does not follow the volume number or issue number pattern,
then it may not be included in the bibliographical entry. Mention the page
number on which the article appears in the journal.
may not be included in the bibliographical entry. Mention the page number on
which the article appears in the periodical.
Example:
Ferguson Lian, The software puzzle, MIS South Asia, June 2000,pp. 52-56
4. Online Published material on the world wide web:
The bibliographical entry for World Wide Web is done as follows:
Name of the author or authors (Surnames first, first names and initials
subsequently)
Title of the article
URL ( complete URL description, date on which it is referred)
Example:
Kothari C. R.
Guidelines for Technical writing
URL : http://www.ent.edu/valy/techwrite.html
October 5, 2009
Bibliography may extend to 2 pages.
ANNEXURE
An annexure contains material which is needed to support the main body of the report
but is too detailed/ voluminous to be included in the text.
All the annexure should be referred to in the text and its significance or meaning
pointed out. If its number is more than one, they should be designated as Annexure A,
Annexure B and so on.
Generally the kinds of data included in the annexure are questionnaires, statistical
data, samples of forms of data sheets or data sheets used in the investigation and other
materials which must be included for record. These are annexures in reference to the
data presented in the project report and include the following:
Blank Questionnaire
Interview schedules
Complex Tables
Technical notes
Financial data like balance sheets any reports.
Company brochures or report excerpts, etc. relevant to the research topic.
If any software then screen shots of that software.
After careful reviewing the draft and proofreading the researcher should make corrections, if
any. He must check the completion of the project in all respects. After the approval of the
project guide the report may be finally printed. While taking the final print out of the report,
the following points can be considered:
Copies: You are required to make the project report in TWO copies [one to the
Institute, and one for your own record.]
CD : You are required to make one CD (for submission to the University)
Binding: The copies will be Black resin bound with the details on it embossed in
Golden colour.
Page: Use Standard white A4 size paper for the printing.
Font Type: Use Times New Roman, the universal Formal font. Do not use informal
fonts. Also, use Justify command for the text.
Font Size: Font size to be kept 16 for Titles, for sub Titles 14 & 12 for normal script
Margins: Left 1.5, and Right , Top and Bottom margins 1 each.
Page Numbering: to start from Introduction till Bibliography.
Line Spacing: 1.5 (in paragraph Setting set it Before 0 & after 0)
Title page/ Front Cover: The front cover shall contain the following details
embossed in Golden Colour.
Top : The Title of the project, and name of the organization in the block
capitals properly centered.
Center: Submitted to Pune University , by _______(full name of the
candidate) with course specification and year of submission, in Block Capitals
of properly centered.
Under guidance:- _____________(Name of Internal Guide)
Bottom: Trinity Institute of Management & Research OR Trinity College of
Engineering & Research
S.No. 25& 27, Pisoli, Near Yewalwadi,
Near Bopedeo Ghat, Tal. Haveli Pune- 411048
TWO copies of the project report should be duly signed by the candidate, Internal
research guide and the Director with the seal of the institute. One copy of the report may
be retained by the researcher and One copies to be submitted to the institute.
One CD having One PPT File of your report, College Certificate PDF, Company
certificate PDF, Cover page one document file (include index, declaration,
acknowledgement etc) One document file from introduction chapter 1 till annexure
Give proper name to soft copy of your project. All different section as described in
above.
Summer Training may be looked at as a stepping stone for the final placements. It is a dress
rehearsal for students of the organizational environment. For freshers, it can give hands on
experience in the area of specialization, if done religiously. Hence, students are expected to
get most out of it which indirectly will help them in final placement.
A project Report on
STUDY OF
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------AT
--------------COMPANY
submitted by
Name of the student ---------Name of specialization
MBA
Submitted to
Savitribai Phule Pune University
In partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of degree of
Master of Business Administration
Under the guidance of
(Prof. --------Internal Guide)