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INTRODUCTION
1.1
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
where
we
are
thought
basic
engineering
workshop
was
involved
in
collation
of
switch/transmission
performance record for all the teriortories under NITEL North West
Zone. Prior to the completion of my attached, I went through the
switches, transmission equipments and power supply systems in
Nitel Kaduna teriortory.
Second semester of level 400 was for SIWES II, I was attached to
Digital Information System Company (DISC) Limited. I was involved
in computer training of students, repair and maintenance of
computer, installation of computer/structural cabling in client
premises. In December 1997, I graduated with a Bachelor degree of
Engineering (B.Eng) in electrical with 2nd Class honors
1.2
POST-GRADUATION TRAINING
department
as
training
engineer
involved
in
Electrical
design,
development
of
model/specification
and
In
January,
2001
got
new
appoint
with
Nigerian
Implementation
of
Stratex
DMC 2STM1
Microwave
Radio
integration
and
acceptance
of
Ericsson/Huawei
20million
configuration,
subscribers,
commissioning,
by
planning,
integrating
and
installation,
acceptance
of
CHAPTER TWO
Overview of Harris MegaStar 4+1 SDH Radio
2.1
Inventory reporting
Fig.2.1 MegaStar155/m: n
Verify line-of-sight
2.3
SURVEY PROCEDURES
2.3.1
PREPARATIONS
A detailed map study is always a good start. After locating all the
sites (including alternative location), preparation of path profile was
done. A detailed map scale was used to draw terrain profile of the
microwave path. Critical obstacles were marked in order to verify
line-of-sight in the field and possible reflection points. Preminary
antenna height may be determined at this stage. Information about
other microwave link operators in the area can be important if
frequency interference measurements should be performed.
2.3.4.2
FIELD WORK
Path
classification:
The
prediction
model
for
system
2.3.4.3
SURVEY EQUIPMENT
Signaling
mirror
and
hand-held
radio
communication
equipment
Portable PC
2.3.4.4
SURVEY REPORT
System description
Path profiles
Frequency plan
Photograph
2.3.4.5
DIFFICULT
AREAS
FOR
MICROWAVE
LINKS(Knowledge gain)
Some areas are more difficult for microwave links than others, and
the reasons can be atmospheric conditions or path dependent.
2.4
Where:
D = reflector diameters in meters
= signal wavelength in meters
= antenna efficiency (usually 0.55 unless otherwise quoted)
The efficiency of the antenna is related to the irregularities in the
reflector and feed arrangement. Another approximation of gain is:
G(dBi) = 20log f + 20log D + 17.8
Where: f = signal frequency in GHz, D = reflector diameter in
meters
5.2
VSWR
10
11
POWER BUDGET
3 x 108
12
dB
13
FADE MARGIN
When one or more of these effects takes place the received signal
strength will be reduced, often dramatically, from the mean valve
calculated so far.
The drop in received signal strength is referred to as fading and
takes two forms:
o Flat or power fading
o Selective fading
2.7
WORK AUTHORIZATION
Equipment type/description
14
Path length
Frequency plan
The path profile for the sites on Abuja metro ring are shown on the
Appendix A. The sites are Aso Delight, Dawaki New Layout,
Oduduwa, Idu Industrial Estate, Durumi Hill and Abuja Switch Office.
These sites are the metropolitan backbone of Abuja voice traffic,
each sites have more than 5sites and each 5 sites have other sites
hopping from it and so on.
2.8
For this project the Harris radio was implemented in two parts:
Indoor installation which consist of the radio units/dehydrator and
Outdoor installation which consist of the antenna/waveguide
installation.
2.8.1 ANTENNA INSATLLATION
The following steps were taking for the antenna and waveguide
installation at the six Harris metro sites:
Install three grounding kits per line: at both the top and the
bottom of the tower and at the shelter.
15
16
Ensure that the right fuses are installed, turn on the circuit
breaker from the main power distribution
Align the antenna for better receive level and cross pole value
while monitoring with FASCAN computer. Perform performance
monitoring which can be achieved by using MegaStar built in
performance monitoring counters.
2.9
radios
17
CHAPTER THREE
OVERVIEW OF ERICSSON DXX6340 (Switch Node)
MULTIPLEXER
3.1
SDH PRINCIPLES
18
140
140
34
34
140M
LTU
8 Mbit/s
34
34
2 Mbit/s
extensive asynchronous
multiplexing/demultiplexing
required (lots of PLLs etc.)!
inflexible upgrading
2 Mbit/s to customer
limited/proprietary supervision
(no management standards)
STM - N
synchronous
mux/demux
STM - N
map/demap
2 Mbit/s to customer
19
Terminal
Multiplexer
terminate
lower
order
signals
called
STM-4 (622Mbs),
and
(155Mbs)
signals
can
be
optical
or
electrical
but,
Terminal Multiplexer
STM-N
or
PDH
STM-M
TM
20
Add/Drop Multiplexer
STM-M
STM-M
ADM
STM-N or PDH
21
4 x AU4
STM 1
1 X AU4
STM 1
Higher
HigherOrder
Order
((HO)
HO)
AU4
AU4/ /VC4
VC4
Cross
Crossconnect
connect
1 X AU4
4 x AU4
STM 4
1 X AU4
STM 1
1 X AU4
STM 1
---STM 1
1 X VC4
140 Mb/s
1 X VC4
34/45 Mb/s
2 Mb/s
1 X VC3
1 x VC12
Lower
LowerOrder
Order
(LO)
(LO)
VC
VC44VC3
VC3 VC12
VC12
Cross
Crossconnect
connect
1 X VC4
STM 1
1 X VC4
140 Mb/s
1 X VC3
34/45 Mb/s
1 x VC12
2 Mb/s
13
The standardized line rates used in SDH. All levels are optical
signals; however STM-1 could also be electrical. Tellabs terminal
equipment can handle line rates from STM-1 to STM-16 level. STM64 transponders are available for DWDM systems STM-256 is for
future use.
22
Synchronous
Transport Module
STM -1
155.520 *
STM -4
622.080
STM -16
2488.320 (2,5Gbit/s)
STM -64
STM -256
39813.120 (40Gbit/s)
BIT RATE
0.
64 kbit/s
1.
2.048 Mbit/s
2.
8.448 Mbit/s
3.
34.368 Mbit/s
4.
139.264 Mbit/s
STM LEVEL
BIT RATE
1-3 X 21 2M (VC12)
1 X VC4
STM-1
155 Mbit/s
4 X VC4
STM-4
622 Mbit/s
16 X VC4
STM-16
2,5 Gbit/s
64 X VC4
STM-64
10 Gbit/s
20
23
xn
AUG
x1
AU-4
VC-4
x3
x1
TUG-3
C-4
139264 kbit/s
TU-3
VC-3
C-3
44736 kbit/s
34368 kbit/s
TU-2
VC-2
C-2
(6312 kbit/s)
TU-12
VC-12
C-12
2048 kbit/s
VC-11
C-11
(1544) kbit/s
x7
Groups
x1
TUG-2
Pointer processing
x3
Multiplexing
Aligning
Mapping
21
STM1 Frame
155.520 Mbit/s serial signal
F
125us
2430 b yt e s
1
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9 b yte s
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
O ve rhe a d
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9 b y te s
261 b yte s
9
261 b yte s
p a y lo a d
25
TU-2 (VC-2), TU-3 (for VC-3) and AU-4 (VC-4). Inserting a VC inside a
TU/AU is called aligning.
Container (C)
Containers are the basic payload unit in the SDH system
Containers are also carrying end-user information
besides the payload in the overhead
C4
C3
C2
C1.2
1. level 2 Mbit/s
C1.1
1. level 1,55Mbit/s
C12
Justification bytes
= mapping rate adaption
23
Fig.3.10 Container
VC12
Path Overhead
POH
POH
C
C
Container
24
26
TU Pointer
VC12
Virtual Container
25
V
C
4
TUG 3
no.1
TUG 3
no. 2
TUG 3
no. 3
P
O
H
TUG 3 capacity:
48.768 Mbit/s
One TUG 3 contains
either:
one 34/45 M signal
or
21 x 2M signals
26
27
TUG3-2
V
C
4
P
O
H
TUG3-3
TUG2-1
TUG2-2
TUG2-3
TUG2-4
VC-12
VC-12
K: TUG-3 number
(values 1-3)
L: TUG-2 number
(values 1-7)
TUG2-5
TUG2-6
M: TU-12 number
(values 1-3)
TUG2-7
TU12 no. ?
27
Regenerator sections
SDH
terminal
multiplexer
AddDrop
Multiplexer
or SDXC
SDH
terminal
multiplexer
Regenerator
Regenerator
POH
Path
28
28
9 Bytes
261 Bytes
29
29
MTN Network
SDXC 4/1.
The Tellabs 6340 subrack has 22 slot positions for use by the various
modules that make up the Tellabs 6340. The slot positions used by
the modules can vary depending upon the configuration.
30
Full information about the module layout will be given later in this
course; however, there are some rules that must be followed:
Slot 6 and 16 are used for the CXC (Cross Connect module)
(working and protection) in a Main subrack and for EXT
modules in a tributary subrack.
31
For this project DXX6340 main and tributary sub rack was installed
in six metro sites as follows:
3.4.1 RACK INSTALLATION
The front of the rack is prepared for mounting of standard sub racks
with a width of up to 500 mm. The rack can be equipped with up to
four sub racks. The upper part of the rack is reserved for the RCF
(Rack Connection Field). The open top and bottom of the rack
function as cable inlets. External cables (electrical and optical)
enter the rack via the top or bottom. They are routed via cable ducts
in the side panels of the rack to the respective SCFs (System
Connection Field) or directly to the RCF (Rack Connection Field).
Cables from the RCF to SCFs are routed in the rack side member
cable ducts together with the external cables.
Safety earth connection is located at the top of the rack, and on the
left and right side the rack is provided with connectors for antistatic
bracelets.
32
ETSI Rack
600 mm wide rack for
Tellabs 6300 equipment
Height 2200mm
File Name
33
34
Before installing the modules into the subrack, the DIP switches
located on the backplane must be set. There are three switches for
setting the Subrack ID and four switches for setting the Rack ID. The
switches are binary coded. The purpose for setting the subrack
switches is to obtain information about the rack and subrack
addresses
for
installed
modules
when
using
the
NM2100
management system.
Furthermore the information is used by the CMCC module in
applications using more than one subrack, to distinguish between
modules inserted in the same slot.
Note! After a power-up, these IDs cannot be changed without
affecting the traffic
35
This describes how to install the 600 mm rack connection field (RCF)
into an ETSI Rack. When using a 19 rack, the side flanges of the
RCF must be replaced by special adaptation brackets. Ordering
Number for 19 19" Mounting Set for RCF: NS-0279
Before mounting the RCF, the nuts including clips must be inserted
into the square holes numbered 1 and 4. of the rack side.
Insert the RCF in the rack top position (field 01), where the clips,
holding the nuts, are mounted.
10
File Name
36
11
File Name
block
is
located
in
the
Rack
Field.
A fuse for the Alarm power is located on the module (5 Amp Slow).
This Alarm power is, besides supplying the LEDs, also supplying the
LEDs on the CMCC module via the alarm cable. When inserting the
alarm cable between Tellabs 6340 Main Subrack and the Rack
Connection Field, the alarm power can be switched off by
extracting the LED module, to avoid short circuiting.
A-Alarm = Critical
B-Alarm = Major
R-Alarm = Remind
37
12
File Name
38
16
File Name
The Alarm Power feeds the LEDs on the LED board in the RCF, and
via the system alarm cable the Rack Alarm LEDs on the CMCC
module.
To connect the system power as alarm power, connect the alarm
power terminals to the power terminals A, in parallel with station
power.
To connect an external power source as alarm power, Connect 0 V
(red), -48V/-60V (blue) to the alarm power terminal block.
In both cases the Alarm Power is fused via a T 5A fuse in the LED
board, before going out on the system alarm cable to the Main
subrack.
39
Electrical
STM1
27
2 Mb/s
Tributaries
Electrical STM1
or 34/45 Mb/s
Slot Numbers
in brackets
Craft Terminal
C BUS
File Name
SF3 has a System Connection Field (SCF) where all the electrical
connections are made. Optical connections to the modules are
provided at the front of the individual Tellabs 6340 modules and
distributed through the open guides of the slots. There are no
connections made on the rear of the subrack.
See hardware manual for details.
40
28
File Name
41
x 3 x 2 = 36
Pictures of TISI 1
29
File Name
Pictures of TISI 2
30
File Name
42
Pictures of TISI 3
34
File Name
43
44
36
File Name
45
3.4.4 CONNECTIVITY
32 x AU-4
Higher-Order
48-port SDXC 4/4
Access for
SDXC 4/4
(VC-4 XC)
16 X VC-4
Lower-Order
8 X VC-4 LO
(504 TU-12s or
24 TU3s)
8 X VC-4 HO
(8 STM-1s HO
or 2 STM-4)
Access for
8 aggregate VC-4
8 tributary VC-4
equivalents
SDXC 4/3
(VC-3 XC)
SDXC 4/1
(VC-12 XC)
8 X VC-4 eq.
(504 VC-12s or
24 VC-3s)
ADM Usage
STM-16
STM-16
(STM-4, STM-1)
VC-4
XC
16
(4,1)
(STM-4, STM-1)
8
VC-4
VC-12
XC
VC-3
XC
VC
12
STM-4/1 (HO)
2M
Max 504
46
VC-4
VC
3
Max 24
Totally
max 8 VC-4
equivalents
Note:
If a tributary subrack
comprises an EXT6
module, connector
C21 must always be
connected to the main
subrack.
47
Main Subrack
SDXC4/1
The table shows the relationship
between module usage and
connector state, i.e. the
resources that are
left on the connectors when
tributary modules are used in
the Main Subrack
SDXC4/1 Example
8 x STM-1
8 x STM-1 + 504 x 2M
VC-4
MAIN Subrack, SDXC
LO
VC-3/12
RI1
PS PS PS CXC RI1
RI1
CXCPS PS PS
RI1
CMCC
504 x 2M
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
TEX1P
TEX1P
TEX1PTEX1P
TEX1P
TEX1P
TEX1P
EXT6
PS PS PS
126 x 2M
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
48
Interfaces
Optical Interfaces
>
>
>
>
Electrical Interfaces
>
>
>
1/17/2003
The Tellabs 6340 supports SDH, PDH, Gigabit Ethernet & ATM
interfaces.
Application codes for SDH interfaces according to G.957:
S-1.1 = Short Haul, STM-1, 1310nm, Att. range: 0-12 dB, distance: 030 km
S-4.1 = Short Haul, STM-4, 1310nm, Att. range: 0-12 dB, distance: 030 km
S-16.1= Short Haul, STM-16, 1310nm, Att. range: 0-12 dB, distance:
0-30 km
L-1.1 = Long Haul, STM-1, 1310nm, Att. range: 1-31 dB, distance:
25-70 km
L-1.2 = Long Haul, STM-1, 1550nm, Att. range: 2-31 dB, distance:
40-110 km
L-4.1 = Long Haul, STM-4, 1310nm, Att. range: 10-24 dB, distance:
25-65 km
49
L-4.2 = Long Haul, STM-4, 1550nm, Att. range: 10-24 dB, distance:
40-95 km
L-16.1 = Long Haul, STM-16, 1310nm, Att. range: 10-24 dB,
distance: 30-50 km
L-16.2 = Long Haul, STM-16, 1550nm , Att. range: 10-24 dB,
distance: 40-85 km
The coloured STM-16 interfaces for 6200 / Tellabs 7200 Optical
Transport System, are available in 39 different wavelengths
matching the ITU-T grid. These coloured STM-16 interface modules,
are handled as any standard STM-16 interface modules .
ETEX modules:
SX (Short-haul) 1000BASE-SX supports up to 500 meters across
multimode fibre.
LX (long-haul) 1000BASE-LX supports up to 5 km across single mode
fiber.
NOTE: The distance in km is only to be used as a guidance.
Calculated acc. to G.957/G.958 with assumptions:
Attenuation 0.40 dB/km @ 1310nm (G.652 fibre)
Attenuation 0.25 dB/km @ 1550nm (G.652 fibre)
For exact calculation a Power Budget must be made for the optical span.
Attenuation range according to standard end-of-life spec.
1/17/2003
50
LI16
LI4
LI1
RI1
Aggregate Interfaces
Type
Interfaces
LI1
1 x STM - 1
RI1
2 x STM - 1
LI4
1 x STM - 4
LI16
1 x STM - 16
The available aggregate modules are LI16, LI4, LI1 and RI1. The line
interconnects modules LIn support one STM-N port, and the ring
interconnect module RI1 supports two STM-1 ports:
RI1- Ring Interconnect STM-1, supports two STM-1 ports optical or
electrical.
LI1- Line Interconnect STM-1, supports one STM-1 ports, optical or
electrical.
LI4- Line Interconnect STM-4, supports one optical STM-4 port.
LI16- Line Interconnect STM-16, supports one optical STM-16 port.
The optical modules supports different interfaces according to ITU
G.957. Note that also each interface type is a separate item.
Bit-rate
Interface
Options
Short name
LI16
LI4
2 x STM - 1
>
LI4
1 x STM - 4
>
ETEX1 1 x GbE
>
ETEX2 2 x GbE
>
>
ATEX
ETEX 4
RI1
LI1
>
ETEX 2
1 x STM - 1
LI4
LI1
ETEX 1
>
RI1
Interfaces
ATEX
Type
1/17/2003
RI, LI, ETEX, and ATEX are the tributary SDH & Data interface
modules.
51
Interface
SDH STM-4
SDH STM-1
ATM STM-1
Options
Short name
Optical S-4.1, L-4.1, L-4.2
LI4
Optical S-1.1, L-1.1, L-1.2, El.
LI, RI
UNIOptical I-1.1, S-1.1
ATEX
ETEX
>
TEX31
1 x 34 Mbit/s
>
TEXDS31
1 x 45 Mbit/s
>
TEX33
>
TEXDS33
>
TIP33
TEXDS31
21x 2 Mbit/s
TEXDS33
TEX1P
TEX31
>
TEX33
TEX 1P
Interfaces
TIP33
Type
1/17/2003
TEX nn, are the tributary interface modules for PDH ports.
Note that a special module called the TIP33 is mandatory when
using TEX33 or TEXDS33. The TIP33 interfaces to the connectors,
and is used as switch for protection of 34 Mbit/s and 45 Mbit/s
interfaces.
Bit-rate
Interface
Options
Short name
45 Mbit/s
PDH DS3
Electrical
TEXDS33, TEXDS31
34 Mbit/s
PDH E3
Electrical
TEX31, TEX33
2 Mbit/s
PDH E1
+ 2Mbit/s monitoring
TEX1P
TEX1Pm
52
Support Modules
> CXC Central cross-connect Module
EXT
CXC
CMCC
PS
PS
PS
PS
PS
Communications Controller
1/17/2003
53
SF3 Subrack
SF3 front access subrack
Dimensions
width 449 mm
depth 245 mm
height 474 mm
22 module slots
SF3 used for both main and
tributary subracks
10 1/17/2003
The Tellabs 6340 subrack is called SF3, and has 22 slots for
modules. The modules occupy one or two slots depending on the
module type.
The subrack is closed with a front plate covering the modules placed
in the subrack.
An Tellabs 6340 network element consists of a main subrack and up
to four additional tributary subracks, depending on the
configuration. The same subrack type SF3 is used for both main and
tributary subracks.
The SF3 subrack can be installed both in ETSI racks (60cm) and in
19 racks. One rack can be equipped with up to four subracks.
54
TEX1P
ETEX1/2
ETEX4
TEX31
TEX33/
TEXDS33
12 1/17/2003
Layout of modules,
see Hardware Installation Manual MA303 for details.
55
TIP33
Support Modules
CXC
14 1/17/2003
Layout of modules,
see Hardware Installation Manual MA303 for details.
56
CMCC
V (nominal)
Acknowledge
Button
Green LED
Red LED
15
1/17/2003
Acknowledge button
When the button is pushed the current rack alarm will be
acknowledged
Red LED
When the LED lights up, the module contains one or more alarm
conditions. No LED lit indicates no alarms.
Green LED
The green LED is an ON indication.
F-Interface
This five pole connector is used to connect a craft terminal
57
Tertiary Power
+5V
0
-5V
Power supply
Modules
TEX
TEX
XXX
XXX
YYY
YYY
Traffic
Modules
16 1/17/2003
The customer can choose to use one of the two secondary inputs
from the station, or use one as main power supply and the other
as protection supply (in case the main supply fails).
The power supply module (PS) convert secondary supplies to
+5 / 0 / 5 V tertiary power.
The power supply automatically switches from the main supply
to the protection supply, if the main supply is below 36 V. The
switching is completed within 500 sec. after the main supply has
fallen below 36 V.
The switching is revertive, that is the input switch selects the
main supply again, if the voltage on the main supply increases to
more than 40 V.
More power supply modules can work in parallel. Enough power
supplies must be used to meet the total power consumption
specifications of the modules in the system.
See Hardware Manual MA241-02 for details on Power
Consumption
More power supplies can be added to provide power supply
redundancy
(M:N protection).
58
Fan Unit
> The Fan Unit is used in configurations
comprising LI16, L-16.2 and LI16 WL
Not used
Red/Green LEDs
17 1/17/2003
Description
Item no.
Fan module
CM4412
NS-0284
WK-478X-03.0-01
WK-479X-01.5-01
Architecture
UB1 UB2
STM-N
Data Mon
Ext clock
Ethernet F
PS
Agg
Trib
CXC
CMCC
Alarms
5V,0V,-5V
TISI
MAIN
UB1 UB2
C-bus
TISI
TISI
PS
Alarms
5V,0V,-5V
Trib
Trib
Alarms
EXT
C-bus
TISI
TRIBUTARY
18 1/17/2003
60
Modules installed
COMMISSIONING TASKS
Create NE Model
COMMUNICATING WITH NE
61
The Tellabs 63xx managed access equipment utilises the OSI network
protocol for communication between the management system and
the network. The NSAP address (Network Service Access Point) is a
unique address used to identify each NE.
Tellabs
6340
NEs
are
assigned
the
default
NSAP
address
62
with one another. So, if the NSAP address is changed then the NE and
many other NEs may be unreachable from the management centre.
Also, if two NEs have the same NSAP address it will not be possible to
communicate with them.
Note A new NSAP address does not replace the old NSAP address
until a Reset NE procedure is performed.
Craft Terminal
Equipment view
The Craft Terminal for the Tellabs 6340 is called 6300 Craft terminal.
This is a service terminal used mainly by technicians when
installation/commissioning the 6340.
The Craft Terminal runs on a Windows 2000 platform and the userinterface is started either by using an icon on the desktop or directly
via the PCs start button.
The CT users a suite of graphical user interfaces to enable you to
easily operate the 6340. These GUIs are identical to those found on
the 6300 network manager.
63
differs
from
the
NE
model
(usually
called
the
expected
in the material because you may get bit errors in the existing
modules when using the Wizard.
USING WIZARD
Using the Wizard
- A module where
a usage has been
selected
- A module that
has no usage to be
defined.
Right-click in the Network Element title bar and select Copy Actual to
Expected. The Copy Actual to Expected Wizard appears.
Assign a usage to modules marked with a blue question mark (?) by:
a) Double-click on the module, or, alternatively press the spacebar
when the cursor is on it.
b) Select the relevant value for the Module Usage attribute in the
window that appears.
c) Click OK.
Note: The Module Usage attribute of all other modules marked with a
green check mark may be changed using the same procedure.
66
- A module where
a usage has been
selected
- A module that
has no usage to be
defined.
Right-click in the Network Element title bar and select Copy Actual to
Expected. The Copy Actual to Expected Wizard appears.
Assign a usage to modules marked with a blue question mark (?) by:
a) Double-click on the module, or, alternatively press the spacebar
when the cursor is on it.
b) Select the relevant value for the Module Usage attribute in the
window that appears.
c) Click OK.
Note: The Module Usage attribute of all other modules marked with a
green check mark may be changed using the same procedure.
67
In the next window that pops up you can assign or change a cable
length.
When done, repeat for all TISI cables and click Finish
To configure an NE manually you can use a number of single
operations.
1- Insert an Expected Rack in the NE
2- Insert an Expected Subrack in an Expected Rack of the NE
3- Insert an Expected Module in an Expected Subrack of the NE
This method should be used when adding or removing modules to an
NE which already is in service. In which case only step 3 is applicable.
Note that if you instead use the automatic configuration tool (the
Copy Actual to Expected Wizard) you may get bit errors in the
existing modules.
68
69
71
2 MHz or
2 Mb/s inputs
2 MHz or
2 Mb/s outputs
STM-n inputs
Output
Current clock
72
Identifiers of an NE
6340-01 Training 1
Room A0.453
NE Identification
A name and location label. It consists of information about the
location of the NE. It is possible to set the address, location, floor, row
of racks, etc.
For example in the:
NE Name:
6350_1_LondonSW1
NE Location:
73
Rack
Fan trays
74
NE Security
Password protection can be enabled on NEs
Any management system connected via F-interface, Ethernet of via ECC must
then supply a password prior to execution of management commands
Only one user/password exists
Routing through a NE is possible regardless of password
If the password is forgotten, the NE must be de-commissioned to reset the
password!!
3.4.1
Multiplexers
DXX6340 TESTING
Station B
Transmitted
Station A
Station A
TTIs:
You can use the Trail Trace Identifier to verify that the signal from a
transmitting NE is routed correctly.You insert the identifier in the
Transmitted TTI parameter of the transmitting NE.
The Received TTI, is the received identifier from another NE, This
parameter is read only. The Received TTI can be compared to the
Expected TTI, to verify that the signal sent to the NE is routed
correctly.
76
You enable the text field of the Expected TTI by checking the
Defect Mismatch: check box. If a mismatch occurs then AIS is
inserted into the signal and an alarm corresponding to Path Trace
Mismatch or Section Trace Mismatch is issued
TTI not read is displayed in the Received TTI field if a port is
disabled. If the acceptance criterion of 16 TTI bytes repetitively
received is not met then <Unreliable TTI> is dis-played.
Setting up TTIs
Received TTI:
Expected TTI:
A user-defined text string
that is the same as the
Transmitted TTI from the
other end of the trail
The TTI actually received from the other end of the trail
Transmitted TTI:
A user-defined text string to
be sent (and hopefully
received at the other end of
the trail!)
Detect Mismatch:
Should a check be made to see whether the Expected and Received TTI are
the same?
If they are not, a Path Trace Mismatch alarm is generated, and AIS inserted
connection:
Line Loopback
Terminal Loopback
On 1 GbE signals you can only make a terminal loopback connection
Normal Operation
Switching
Matrix
Switching
Matrix
Switching
Matrix
78
> Output and input traffic on the selected port is not affected
> It is the outgoing signal which is tested.
The input signal to the port is not monitored.
Output via
PMP Connector
To / from
CXC Module
PMP Connector:
Output signal from one port of each
TEX1P module can be monitored
2 Mbit/s
port
79
the input and with the capability of inserting AIS in the other part of
the signal.
Test Access
> For test and diagnostic purposes it is possible, on selected
PDH and SDH ports, to create
Test Access Points (TAP)
Test Access Connections (TAC)
A Remote Test Unit (RTU) (a Test-set) can be connected to
the TAP and via a TAC this can be connected to a signal
80
Loopback
Test Access
Near-end Monitoring
LX C
LX D
LX A
With AIS ?
Monitor
Split
Access
Access
TAP
Create Test Access Point
in a TCP (Terminating
Connection point)
RTU
(Test set)
11
Monitor
A single unidirectional connection from a termination point to a TAP.
Split Access
A single unidirectional connection from a termination point to a TAP,
and a single unidirectional connection from the TAP the termination
point.
Split Access with Insertion of AIS
In addition to the split access, an AIS signal is inserted in the signal
transmitted from the other termination point.
Loopback
Can be made on either a termination point or on TAP.
Loopback with Insertion of AIS
In addition to the loopback, an AIS signal is inserted in the signal
transmitted from the other termination point.
Loopback with Monitor
A loopback connection on a termination point and a monitor
connection from it to a TAP.
81
12
82
AIS
The boxes on
the left side
show the four
different
.
configuration
types
The boxes on
the right side
are used if AIS
should be
inserted
downstream
Monitor alone
Loopback alone
83
14
84
LX C
LX D
TAP
Create Test
Access Point
in a CP
(Connection Point)
Monitor
Access
Configure a
dedicated
monitor trail
TAP
Create Test
Access Point
in a TCP
(Terminated
Connection Point)
RTU
(Test set)
15
Monitor
A single unidirectional connection from a termination point to a TAP.
Split Access
A single unidirectional connection from a termination point to a TAP,
and a single unidirectional connection from the TAP the termination
point.
Split Access with Insertion of AIS
In addition to the split access, an AIS signal is inserted in the signal
transmitted from the other termination point.
Loopback
Can be made on either a termination point or on TAP.
Loopback with Insertion of AIS
In addition to the loopback, an AIS signal is inserted in the signal
transmitted from the other termination point.
Loopback with Monitor
A loopback connection on a termination point and a monitor
connection from it to a TAP.
85
Far-end Monitoring
Types of
Test Access Connection:
Monitor
Loopback alone
Loopback with Monitor
Split Access (not shown)
16
86
CHAPTER FOUR
1.1. RECOMMENDATION
4.2
CONCLUSION
APPENDIX A
Abuja MSC
X0014
L6
Durumi Hill
X1034
L6
87
Elevation (m)
498.00
515.00
Latitude
09 04 22.00 N
09 00 53.80 N
Longitude
007 29 05.00 E
007 28 25.80 E
True azimuth ()
190.60
10.60
Vertical angle ()
0.11
-0.16
Antenna model
HSX6-107
HSX4-107
Antenna height (m)
22.00
20.00
Antenna gain (dBi)
43.90
40.20
TX line type
EW90
EW90
TX line length (m)
32.00
30.00
TX line unit loss (dB /100 m)
10.20
10.20
TX line loss (dB)
3.26
3.06
Connector loss (dB)
0.50
0.50
Other TX loss (dB)
0.70
0.70
Other RX loss (dB)
0.40
0.40
Frequency (MHz)
11000.00
Polarization
Horizontal
Path length (km)
6.45
Free space loss (dB)
129.49
Atmospheric absorption loss (dB)
0.10
Field margin (dB)
1.00
Net path loss (dB)
54.91
54.91
Radio model
MegaStar11 STM1
MegaStar11 STM1
TX power (watts)
0.32
0.32
TX power (dBm)
25.00
25.00
EIRP (dBm)
64.44
60.94
TX Channels
Ch3 - H 11325.0000H
Ch3 - L 10795.0000H
Ch3 - H 11325.0000V
Ch3 - L 10795.0000V
Ch5 - H 11405.0000V
Ch5 - L 10875.0000V
Ch7 - H 11485.0000V
Ch7 - L 10955.0000V
Ch7 - H 11485.0000H
Ch7 - L 10955.0000H
RX threshold criteria
BER 10-6
BER 10-6
RX threshold level (dBm)
-68.50
-68.50
RX signal (dBm)
-29.91
-29.91
Thermal fade margin (dB)
38.59
38.59
Dispersive fade margin (dB)
46.50
46.50
Dispersive fade occurrence factor
1.00
Effective fade margin (dB)
37.94
37.94
Geoclimatic factor
1.98E-04
Path inclination (mr)
2.33
Fade occurrence factor (Po)
2.56E-03
Average annual temperature (C)
24.00
Effective frequency spacing (MHz)
37.00
37.00
FD improvement factor
23.73
23.73
Worst month - multipath (%)
100.00000
100.00000
(sec)
0.05
0.05
Annual - multipath (%)
100.00000
100.00000
(sec)
0.20
0.20
(% - sec)
100.00000 - 0.41
Rain region
ITU Region N
0.01% rain rate (mm/hr)
95.00
Flat fade margin - rain (dB)
38.59
Rain rate (mm/hr)
1420.86
Rain attenuation (dB)
38.59
Annual rain (%-sec)
100.00000 - 0.00
Annual multipath + rain (%-sec)
100.00000 - 0.41
Thu, Apr 14 2005
Abuja MSC - Durumi Hill RevSC.pl4
88
APPENDIX B
89
____DXX 6340_____________
__________________________
__________________________
90
DXX 6300
NSAP Address
49000200a08
Hardware Configuration
Number of Sub-rack
Tributary Sub-rack 1
Tributary Sub-rack 2
Tributary Sub-rack 3
Tributary Sub-rack 4
Power
Power Supply Type
A Only
A and B
Voltage
Measured Voltage
COMMENTS
APPROVALS
CPG Engineer
Name:
Name:
Signature:
Signature:
Date:
Date:
91
CARD INVENTORY
#
SUBRACK
SLOT
CARD
RI1
PS
PS
PS
CXC
RI1
11
RI1
16
CXC
17
PS
10
18
PS
11
20
RI1
12
22
CMCC
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
COMMENTS
APPROVALS
CPG Engineer
Name:
Name:
Signature:
Signature:
Date:
Date:
92
SERIAL #
DESCRIPTION
1.a
1.b
2.a
2.b
2.c
2.d
2.e
3.a
3.b
3.c
PASS
10
11
12
13
FAIL
ACTION
TAKEN
APPROVALS
CPG Engineer
Name:
Name:
Signature:
Signature:
Date:
Date:
93
94