Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

This print-out should have 20 questions.

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page find all choices
before answering.
001 10.0 points
Two objects share a total energy E = E1 +E2 .
There are 10 ways to arrange an amount of
energy E1 in the first object and 15 ways to
arrange an amount of energy E2 in the second
object. How many different ways are there to
arrange the total energy E = E1 + E2 so that
there is E1 in the first object and E2 in the
other?
1. 25
2. 15

3. 96.372
4. 47.8941
5. 61.3297
6. 28.1781
7. 112.629
8. 14.5047
9. 16.6963
10. 44.2199
Correct answer: 112.629 rad/s.
Explanation:
Let :

F = 3.09 N ,
m = 0.537 kg ,
r = 0.375 m , and
t = 3.67 s .

The angular momentum after 3.67 s is

3. cannot be determined
4. 10
5. 150 correct
6. 225
7. 1 1015
Explanation:
The total number of microstates or number of ways of arranging energy in the system
is the product of the number of ways of arranging the energy in respective objects, i.e.
total = 1 2
002 10.0 points
A length of light nylon cord is wound around
a uniform cylinder of radius 0.375 m and mass
0.537 kg. The cylinder is mounted on a frictionless axle and is initially at rest. The cord
is pulled from the cylinder with a constant
force of magnitude 3.09 N.
How fast will the spool be rotating after the
string has been pulled for t = 3.67 s?
The moment of inertia of the cylinder is
1
I = m r2 .
2
1. 108.165
2. 15.0845

L = t
= F r t
= (3.09 N)(0.375 m)(3.67 s)
= 4.25261 kg m2 /s .
The moment of inertia of the cylinder is
!
"
1
2
=
mr
2
1
= (0.537 kg) (0.375 m)2
2
= 0.0377578 kg m2 .
Therefore, the rotational velocity will be
= L/I
= (4.25261 kg m2 /s)/(0.0377578 kg m2 )
= 112.629 rad/s .
003 10.0 points
A sticky blob strikes and sticks to a free rod,
which is initially at rest, as shown.

Let E be the mechanical energy of the sys# the linear momentum of the system,
tem, P
# the angular momentum of the system.
and L

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

What is conserved?
9. (44) N m

# only
1. P

Nm
10. (44k)

# P
# , and E
2. L,

Explanation:
# . Because both
Torque is defined as #r F
vectors are in the xy plane, their cross product
must be in the z direction. So we only need
to look at the z-component of the cross product. The z component of the cross product
will be

# and E
3. L
# only
4. L
# and E
5. P
# and P
# correct
6. L
Explanation:
The mechanical energy of the system is not
conserved because this is not an elastic collision, but the linear momentum and angular
momentum are always conserved in such free
collisions.
004

10.0 points

A force
# = (4 + 4) N
F
acts at a distance from the point of rotation
given by
#r = (8 + 3) m,
where and are unit vectors pointing in the
+x and +y directions respectively. What is
the torque about the point of rotation created
by this force? (Note that k is a unit vector
pointing in the +z direction.)

rx Fy ry Fx = 44 N m.
Nm .
So the resultant vector is (44k)
005 10.0 points
A mechanical lift is used to raise a heavy load.
The lift consists of a horizontal platform of
length L drawn by vertical cables on either
end of the platform. The load is placed on
the platform and drawn slowly upward at a
constant velocity so that acceleration is not
important. The platform has a mass m. The
load has mass 4m and is placed a distance L/4
from the right end of the lift. The acceleration
due to gravity is g. What is the tension in the
right vertical cable?
1. 1/3 mg
2. 2/7 mg
3. 5/4 mg

Nm
1. (8 + 40k)

4. 2/3 mg

Nm
2. (8 40k)

5. mg

Nm
3. (44 + 40k)

6. 7/4 mg

4. (40 + 44) N m

7. 7/2 mg correct

5. (20) N m

8. 3 mg

Nm
6. (20k)

9. 3/2 mg

7. (40 20) N m

10. 4/5 mg

N m correct
8. (44k)

Explanation:

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

The net torque about any axis must be zero.
Since we want the tension in the right cable,
compute the net torque about the left end:

11
M %2 .
3
Explanation:
Using the parallel axis theorem,
10. L =

3
1
L = L(4 mg) L(mg)+L(TR )+0(TL ) = 0.
4
2

1
1
M %2 +
M %2 + M %2
3
12
!
"
4 + 1 + 12
17
=
M %2 =
M %2 .
12
12

I=

Therefore TR = 7/2 mg.

006 10.0 points
Two rigid rods of length % and mass M are
rigidly attached as shown

pivot
What is the magnitude of the angular momentum L of this system when it is rotating at
an angular velocity about an axis through
the end of one rod, as indicated in the sketch?
The rotational inertia of a rod about an axis
1
M %2 , while the
through one end is I =
3
rotational inertia about an axis through the
1
center of mass is ICM =
M %2 .
12
1
1. L = M %2 .
3
9
2. L =
M %2 .
12
17
M %2 . correct
3. L =
12
11
4. L =
M %2 .
12
2
5. L = M %2 .
3
6. L = M %2 .
5
M %2 .
12
5
8. L = M %2 .
4
13
M %2 .
9. L =
12
7. L =

Therefore, the angular momentum is

L = I =

17
M %2
12

007 10.0 points

Consider a uniform ladder leaning against
a smooth wall and resting on a smooth floor
at point P . There is a rope stretched horizontally, with one end tied to the bottom of the
ladder essentially at P and the other end to
the wall. The top of the ladder is at a height
is h up the wall and the base of the ladder is
at a distance b from the wall.

W1

d
P

W2 T
b

The weight of the ladder is W1 . !

Jill, with
"
%
a weight W2 , is one-fourth the way d =
4
up the ladder. The force which the wall exerts
on the ladder is F .
What is the torque equation about P ?
h
W2 + h W1 = F b
2
b
2. (W1 + W2 ) = F h
2

1.

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

b
3. W2 + b W1 = F h
2
h
h
4. W2 + W1 = F b
4
2
h
5. (W1 + W2 ) = F b
2
b
b
6. W2 + W1 = F h correct
4
2
Explanation:
F

make before it stops? Remember that the

number of revolutions is given by the /2.
1. 1617.0
2. 2700.0
3. 2277.0
4. 1674.0
5. 2046.0
6. 3240.0
7. 3933.0
8. 3000.0
9. 3384.0
10. 3420.0
Correct answer: 3933 rev.
Explanation:
Let :

W1

P ivot

Nf
Applying rotational equilibrium,
#

The angular acceleration of the flywheel is

W2

P = W2 d cos +W1

%
cos F % sin = 0 ,
2

where d is the distance of the person from the

h
bottom of the ladder, sin =
and cos =
%
b
.
%
2 F % sin = 2 W2 d cos + W1 % cos
db
2 F h = 2 W2
+ W1 b
%
b
= 2 W2 + W1 b
4
b
b
F h = W2 + W1
4
2
008 10.0 points
A flywheel with a very low friction bearing
takes 2.3 h to stop after the motor power
is turned off. The flywheel was originally
rotating at = 5.96903 rad/s.
Assuming the angular deceleration is constant, how many revolutions does the flywheel

t = 2.3 h .
0
,
t

so the angle through which it rotates before

stopping is given by
!
"
1
1 0
2
= 0 t + t = 0 t +
t2
2
2
t
1
= 0 t
2
3600 s 1 rev
1
= (5.96903 rad/s) (2.3 h)
2
1h
2
= 3933 rev .
009 10.0 points
Harry and Beth cycle at the same speed, i.e.
their centers of mass move with the same
velocity. The bike tires all rotate without
slipping, but the tires on Harrys bike have a
larger radius than those on Beths bike.
Which tires have the greater rotational
speed?
1. Harrys tires
2. It depends on the angular acceleration of
the wheels.
3. It depends on the which tires have a larger
moment of inertia.

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

8. d = L
4. It depends on which tires have more
mass.
5. It depends on the center of mass speed.
6. It depends on which tires have more angular momentum.

9. d = L/ tan
10. d = L/ sin
Explanation:
The force generates a torque of
= F L sin ,

7. The rotational speeds are the same.

so the distance is L sin .

8. Beths tires correct

Explanation:
v = r . Tires with a smaller radius needs
a larger rotational speed to obtain the same
linear speed.
010 10.0 points
A rod has a pivot at one end and is free to
rotate without friction at the other end, as
# is applied to the free end
shown. A force F
at an angle to the rod creating a torque #
about the pivot.

011 10.0 points

A small puck moves in a circle on a frictionless
airtable. The circular motion is enforced by
string tied to the puck and going through a
tiny hole in the middle of the table. Initially,
the puck moves in a circle of radius R1 at
speed v1 . But later the string is pulled down
through the hole forcing the puck to move in
1
a smaller circle of radius R2 = R1 .
2

L
R
m

If instead the same force is applied perpendicular to the rod, at what distance d from the
pivot should it be applied in order to produce
the same net torque # about the pivot?

What is the new speed of the puck?

1. v2 =

1
v1
2

1. d = L/2

2. v2 = v1

2. d = L sin correct

1
v1
2 2
1
4. v2 = v1
4

5. v2 = 2 v1

6. v2 = 2 2 v1

3. d = L cos

4. d = 5 L

5. d = 2 L
6. d = L/ cos
7. d = L tan

3. v2 =

1
7. v2 = v1
2
8. v2 = 4 v1

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

9. v2 = 0
10. v2 = 2 v1 correct
Explanation:
Let the hole in the airtable be the origin
of our coordinate system. Because the hole
is tiny, the string always pulls the puck in
the radial direction. Consequently, the string
# has zero torque (about the
tension force T
origin). The other two forces on the puck
# and the normal force N
# of the
the weight W
table cancel each other and each others
torques. Altogether, we have zero net torque,
so the angular momentum of the puck must
be conserved:
# =R
# m#v = const.
L
When the puck moves in a circle, the direction
of the angular momentum is vertically up, and
its magnitude is L = m v R . This is true both
before and after the string being pulled down,
so
L = m v1 R1 = m v2 R2
R1
v2 =
v1 = 2 v1 .
R2
012 10.0 points
In the figure, two objects of the same mass
m = 2.1 kg are connected by a massless rod
of length d = 1.25 m. At a particular instant
they have velocity magnitudes that are v1 =
49 m/s and v2 = 87 m/s, respectively. The
system is moving in outer space far from any
other objects. The x direction is to the right,
y is up, and z is out of the page toward you.
m

v1

1. 80.0625
2. 85.3125
3. 105.0
4. 22.3125
5. 78.75
6. 49.875
7. 53.8125
8. 101.062
9. 81.375
10. 51.1875
Correct answer: 49.875 kgm2 /s.
Explanation:
The rotational angular momentum is the
angular momentum of the system about its
center of mass. As the objects are of equal
mass, the center of mass of the system is
halfway between them. Summing the angular
momentum of each mass,

# rot = #r1,CM #p1 + #r2,CM #p2

L
d
= $0, , 0% $m v1 , 0, 0%
2
d
+ $0, , 0% $m v2 , 0, 0%
2
= $0, 0, (0.625 m)[(2.1 kg)(87 m/s) (2.1 kg)(4
= $0, 0, 49.875 kg m2 /s% .

The magnitude is thus 49.875 kg m2 /s .

013 10.0 points
A ball of putty with mass m falls vertically
onto the outer rim of a turntable of radius
R and moment of inertia I0 that is rotating
freely with angular speed i about its vertical
fixed symmetry axis, i.e. the turntable is
horizontal.
What is the post-collision angular speed of
the turntable plus putty?
i
m R3
3m +
I0
i
correct
2. f =
m R2
1+
I0
1. f =

v2
m
What is the magnitude of the rotational
angular momentum Lrot of the system?

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

i
3. f =
m R3
1+
I0
i
4. f =
m R4
1+
I0
i
5. f =
m R3
m+
I0
i
6. f =
m R4
2+
I0
i
7. f =
mR
1+
I0
i
8. f =
mR
2+
I0
i
9. f =
m R3
2m +
I0
i
10. f =
m R2
2+
I0
Explanation:
The final rotational inertia of the turntableplus-putty is

O
L

Determine the angular acceleration of the

meter stick at the moment it is released.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

If = I0 + Iblob = I0 + m R .
Since there is no external torque on the system
of the putty plus the turntable, we know Lf =
L i = I 0 i .
I f f = I 0 0
I 0 i
f =
If
I 0 i
f =
I0 + m R 2
i
.
=
m R2
1+
I0
014 10.0 points
A uniform meter-stick with length L pivots
at point O. The meter stick can rotate freely
about O and is released from the horizontal
position at t = 0.

10.

3g
4L
2g
L
g
L
5g
4L
3g
correct
2L
7g
4L
g
3L
g
4L
g
2L
5g
6L

Explanation:
The equation of motion = I gives:
mgL
1
= I = mL2 ,
2
3
So
=

3g
.
2L

015 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points

A mass m is located at a distance R from
the center of a planet of mass M . The initial
speed of m is v0 and its velocity vector makes
an angle with respect to the line joining the
mass and the center of the planet. You can
assume that the planet remains stationary in
course of the motion of the projectile.

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

Find the magnitude of the angular momentum of the mass m relative to the center of
the plant.
1. mv0 R cos
2. mv0 R sin + M v0 R sin
3. M v0 R cos
4. M v0 R sin

# grav are anti-parallel at all times,

Since #r and F
# = 0 always.
017 10.0 points
A sizable quantity of soil is washed down
the Mississippi River and deposited in the
Gulf of Mexico each year. Thus, there is a
net movement of mass southward towards the
equator.
What effect does this tend to have on the
length of a day?

5. mv0 R sin M v0 R sin

1. no change

6. mv0 R cos M v0 R cos

2. lengthen the day correct

7. mv0 R sin correct

3. Impossible to determine

8. 0

4. shorten the day

Explanation:
The magnitude of the angular momentum
vector,
# m | = |#r #p| = mv0 R sin .
|L

#r is the position of the mass m w.r.t. center

of the planet and #p is the momentum vector
of the mass.
016 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
What is the magnitude of the net torque on
the mass m about the center of the planet?
1. GmM sin /R2
2. GmM sin /R
3. GmM cos /R
4. Need more information
5. 0 correct
6. GmM cos /R2
7. GmM/R
Explanation:
The net torque on the mass m due to the
gravitational attraction of the planet,
# grav .
# = #r F

Explanation:
Soil washed down the river is deposited at
a greater distance from the Earths rotational
axis. Just as a man on a turntable slows
down when one of the masses is extended, the
Earth slows down in its rotational motion,
extending the length of the day. The amount
of slowing, of course, is exceedingly small.
(Interestingly, the construction of many dams
in the Northern hemisphere has the opposite
effect; shortening our days!)
018 10.0 points
Two masses of 27 kg and 15 kg are suspended
by a pulley that has a radius of 15 cm and
a mass of 9 kg. The cord has a negligible
mass and causes the pulley to rotate without
slipping. The pulley rotates without friction
1
its moment of inertia is given by I = M R2.
2

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

m2
15 cm

9 kg
27 kg
h
15 kg
Determine the angular acceleration of the
pulley after the masses are released and before
they fall off of the pulley.
The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
1. 36.3367
2. 61.25
3. 46.8993
4. 13.1987
5. 33.7204
6. 22.9688
7. 15.3275
8. 26.0792
9. 16.8602
10. 29.7601
Correct answer: 16.8602 rad/s2 .
Explanation:
Let : M = 9 kg ,
R = 15 cm ,
m1 = 27 kg , and
m2 = 15 kg
The tension in the cord attached to the
first mass T1 is different than the tension in
the cord attached to the second mass T2 . We
must use both the Momentum Principle and
the Angular Momentum Principle to solve the
problem.
The Momentum Principle for m1 gives:
m1 (a) = T1 m1 g
T1 = m1 g m1 a
where we have taken care to make the acceleration negative since it will be positive for

m2 (+a) = T2 m2 g
T2 = m2 g + m2 a
So far we have two equations and three unknown: T1 , T2 , and a. However, the Angular
Momentum Principle gives us another equation
I = net
= T1 R T2 R
where again we have taken care to get the
signs of alpha and the torque correct. We can
now plug in the expressions for tension while
making the substitution that a = R since
there the cord does not slip.
I = (m1 g m1 R)R (m2 g + m2 R)R
= +(m1 m2 )gR (m1 R2 + m2 R2 )
= [(m1 m2 )gR]/(I + m1 R2 + m2 R2 )
= 16.8602 rad/s2 .
019 10.0 points
Using the Einstein model of a solid, what
is the change in entropy when adding two
quanta of energy to a system of 5 atoms that
already has 5 quanta of energy stored in it?
"
!
20!
1. S = kB ln
7! 5!
!
"
21!
2. S = kB ln
7! 5!
! "
17
3. S = kB ln
6
! "
10
4. S = kB ln
7
"
!
21!
5. S = kB ln
14! 7!
"
!
16!
6. S = kB ln
7! 7
7. S = kB ln (10) correct
!
"
20!
8. S = kB ln
14! 5!

Version 058 Test 4 florin (57850)

!

"
21
9. S = kB ln
75
! "
10!
10. S = kB ln
7!
Explanation:
Entropy is defined as S = kB ln where
is the number of possible microstates, which
is the number of ways to arrange q quanta in
n harmonic oscillators, i.e.
=

(n 1 + q)!
(n 1)! q!

Here, n 1 = 3 5 1 = 14 and initially

qi = 5, but in the final state qf = 7. Thus,
the change in entropy is
S = Sf Si
!
"
!
"
(14 + 7)!
(14 + 5)!
= kb ln
kb ln
14! 7!
14! 5!
'
&
= kb ln &

(14+7)!
14!7!

(14+5)!
14!5!

'

"
21 20
= kb ln
76
!
"
21 10
= kb ln
73
= kb ln (10)

Consider an isolated system with 100

quanta of energy distributed between two
blocks in contact. Block 1 has 300 quantum
mechanical harmonic oscillators and Block 2
has 200 oscillators. The figure shows plots of
entropy of block 1 S1 and entropy of block 2
S2 versus quanta q. Note that the entropy of
block 2 is plotted with its x-axis reversed so
that m2 has a positive upward slope in the
figure.
Initially, there are 90 quanta in block one
and 10 quanta in block 2, but the system is
not in equilibrium. At equilibrium, there are
60 quanta in block 1 and 40 quanta in block
2. The initial slopes of the entropy curves
are indicated in the figure as m1 and m2 ,
respectively. After the system reaches equilibrium, what will be the relationship between
the slopes of the two curves.
1. the slopes do not change
2. m1 < m2
3. m1 = m2 = 0
4. m1 > m2
5. m1 = m2 =
6. more information is needed
7. m1 =

020

10.0 points

10

1
m2
2

8. m1 = m2 correct
Explanation:
The slope of the entropy curve gives the
temperature of each block with a given quanta
of energy in that block. When equilibrium is
reached, the temperatures will be the same
so the slopes should be the same. However,
the axis for block 2 is reversed so the correct
answer is m1 = m2 .