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TypesofpresstoolsWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Typesofpresstools
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Presstoolsarecommonlyusedinhydraulic,pneumatic,andmechanicalpressestoproducecomponents
athighvolumes.Generallypresstoolsarecategorizedbythetypesofoperationperformedusingthe
tool,suchasblanking,piercing,bending,forming,forging,trimmingetc.Thepresstoolwillalsobe
specifiedasablankingtool,piercingtool,bendingtooletc.[1]

Contents
1 Classificationofpresstools
1.1 Blankingtool
1.2 Piercingtool
1.3 Cutofftool
1.4 Partingofftool
1.5 Trimmingtool
1.6 Shavingtool
1.7 Bendingtool
1.8 Formingtool
1.9 Drawingtool
1.10 Progressivetool
1.11 Compoundtool
1.12 Combinationtool
1.13 Generalpresstoolconstruction
1.14 Cuttingforceinpresstool
1.15 Strippingforce
1.16 Pressforce
1.17 Fitsinpresstools
2 References

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Classificationofpresstools
Blankingtool
Whenacomponentisproducedwithonesingle
punchanddiewheretheentireouterprofileiscut
inasinglestrokethetooliscalledablanking
tool.
Blankingistheoperationofcuttingflatshapes
fromsheetmetal.
Theouterareaofmetalremainingaftera
BlankingTool
blankingoperationisgenerallydiscardedas
waste.
Sizeofblankorproductisthesizeofthedie&clearanceisgivenonpunch.
Itisametalcuttingoperation.

Piercingtool
Piercinginvolvescuttingofcleanholeswitharesulting
scrapslug.Theoperationiscalleddiecuttingandcan
alsoproduceflatcomponentswherethedie,theshaped
tool,ispressedintoasheetmaterialemployinga
shearingactiontocutholes.Thismethodcanbeusedto
cutpartsofdifferentsizesandshapesinsheetmetal,
leatherandmanyothermaterials.

Cutofftool

Piercingtool

Cutoffoperationsarethoseinwhichastripofsuitable
widthiscuttolengthinasingleoperation.Cutofftools
canproducemanyparts.Therequiredlengthofstrip
canbecutoffforbendingandformingoperationsusing
thistool.

Partingofftool

Cutofftool

Partingsaresimilar,inthatadiscretepartiscutfroma
sheetorstripofmetalalongadesiredgeometricpath.Thedifferencebetweenacutoffandapartingis
thatacutoffcanbenestledperfectlyonthesheetmetal,duetoitsgeometry.Withcutoffs,thecuttingof
sheetmetalcanbedoneoveronepathatatimeandthereispracticallynowasteofmaterial.With
partings,theshapecannotbenestledprecisely.Partinginvolvescuttingthesheetmetalalongtwopaths
simultaneously.Partingswasteacertainamountofmaterial,thatcanbesignificant.

Trimmingtool
Whencupsandshellsaredrawnfromflatsheetmetaltheedgeisleftwavyandirregular,duetouneven
flowofmetal.Shownisflangedshell,aswellasthetrimmedringremovedfromaroundtheedge.While
asmallamountofMaterialisremovedfromthesideofacomponentintrimmingtool.

Shavingtool
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Shavingremovesasmallamountofmaterialaroundthe
edgesofapreviouslyblankedstampingsorpiercing.A
straight,smoothedgeisprovidedandthereforeshaving
isfrequentlyperformedoninstrumentparts,watchand
clockpartsandthelike.Shavingisaccomplishedin
shavingtoolsespeciallydesignedforthepurpose.

Bendingtool
TrimmingTool

Bendingtoolsapplysimplebendstostampings.A
simplebendisdoneinwhichthelineofthebendisstraight.Oneormorebendsmaybeinvolved,and
bendingtoolsarealargeimportantclassofpresstools.

Formingtool
Formingtoolsapplymorecomplexformstowork
pieces.Thelineofbendiscurvedinsteadofstraight
andthemetalissubjectedtoplasticflowor
deformation.

Drawingtool
BendingTool

Drawingtoolstransformflatsheetsofmetalintocups,
shellsorotherdrawnshapesbysubjectingthematerial
tosevereplasticdeformation.Showninfigisaratherdeepshellthathasbeendrawnfromaflatsheet.
ThistypeofPresstoolisusedtoperformonlyone
particularoperationthereforeclassifiedunderstage
tools.

Progressivetool
Aprogressivetooldiffersfromastagetoolinthe
followingrespect:inaprogressivetoolthefinal
componentisobtainedbyprogressingthesheetmetal
orstripinmorethanonestage.Ateachstagethetool
willprogressivelyshapethecomponenttowardsits
finalshape,withthefinalstagenormallybeingcutting
off.

DrawingTool

Compoundtool
Thecompoundtooldiffersfromprogressiveandstagetoolsbythearrangementofthepunchanddie.It
isaninvertedtoolwhereblankingandpiercingtakesplaceinasinglestageandalsotheblankingpunch
willactasthepiercingdie.

Combinationtool

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Inacombinationtooltwoormoreoperationssuchasbendingandtrimmingwillbeperformed
simultaneously.Twoormoreoperationssuchasforming,drawing,extruding,embossingmaybe
combinedonthecomponentwithvariouscuttingoperationslikeblanking,piercing,broachingandcut
offtakesplaceitcanperformacuttingandnoncuttingoperationsinasingletool.

Generalpresstoolconstruction
Thegeneralpresstoolconstructionwillhavefollowingelements:
Shank:Itisusedtolocatethepresstoolinpressforalignmentpurpose.
TopPlate:Itisusedtoholdtophalfofthepresstoolwithpressslide.
PunchBackPlate:Thisplatepreventsthehardenedpunchespenetratingintotopplate.
PunchHolder:Thisplateisusedtoaccommodatethepunchesofpresstool.
Punches:Toperformcuttingandnoncuttingoperationseitherplainorprofiledpunchesareused.
DiePlate:Dieplatewillhavesimilarprofileofthecomponentwherecuttingdiesusuallyhave
holeswithlandandangularclearanceandnoncuttingdieswillhaveprofiles.
DieBackPlate:ThisplatepreventsthehardenedDieinsertspenetratingintobottomplate.
GuidePillar&GuideBush:Usedforalignmentbetweentopandbottomhalvesofthepresstools.
Bottomplate:Itisusedtoholdbottomhalfofthepresstoolwithpressslide.
Stripperplate:itisusedtostripoffthecomponentfrompunches.
stripguides:Itisusedtoguidethestripintothepresstooltoperformtheoperation.

Cuttingforceinpresstool
Ingeneralcuttingforce(CF)canbecalculatedusing
formula:CF=LxSxmax
cuttingforcewillbeinNewton(N)Where,L=Cut
lengthinmm,(perimeterofprofiletobecut)Ex:40mm
squaretobecutwillhavecutlengthof160mm
S=Sheetmetalthicknessinmm,
max=MaximumshearstrengthofsheetmetalMPa

Presstool

Strippingforce
Strippingforcewillbeusually10to20%ofcuttingforce.

Pressforce
PressforcewillbecuttingforcewithstrippingforcePressForce=Cuttingforce+Strippingforce

Fitsinpresstools
PunchholderandPunches=H7/k6
PunchandStripper=H7/g6
GuidePillarandGuidebush=H7/g6
GuidebushandTopplate=H7/p6
Guidepillarandbottomplate=H7/p6
Dowelandplate=H7/m6
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References
1.CyrilDonaldson,GeorgeHLeCain,VCGoold,Tooldesign3rdedition,TataMcGrawHillEducation,New
Delhi.

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