RECAPITULARE

1. Daca un substantiv apare de mai multe ori Intr-o propozitie, poate fi Inlocuit cu cuvantul one:

I don't like this book; - Nu-mi place aceasta carte;

I like that one. mie Imi place aceea.

I don't want these shoes; - Nu vreau ace~ti pantofi;

I want cheaper ones. vreau unii ieftini.

2. Modul imperativ:

Come here! - Vino aici!

Don't eat so fast! - Nu mancati a~a de repede!

Let them go now! - Lasa-i sa pIece acum!

3. Genitivul saxon (the Saxon Genitive):

Mary's car - ma~ina Mariei

these people's houses - casele acestor oameni

my parent's friends - prietenii parintilor mei

LECTIA 31 " "
PARTEA INTAI
,

Ca ~i pana acum, sa incepem leqia cu ciiteva cuvinte noi. Cititi-Ie cu voce

tare ~i retineti sensuI lor in limba romaml:

matter > [mEta'] - chestiune, problema,

treaba

fact > [fEkt] - fapt; realitate

object > [ obdjikt] - obiect, scop

idea > [aidia] - idee

peace > [pi:s] - pace

soldier > [sauldja'] - soldat

war > [" O :'] - razboi

mistake > [misteik] - gre~eala,eroare

complaint > [kampleint] - nemultumire, plangere,

reclamatie

incident > [insidant] - incident, intamplare

space > [speis] - spatiu, univers

space travel > [speis trEvl] - calatorie in spatiu

luggage > [lagidj] - bagaj

Sa exersam cuvintele noi intr-o alta ordine:

peace > [pi:s] - pace

object > [obdj ikt] - obiect, scop

luggage > [lagidj] - bagaj

matter > [mEtil'] - chestiune, problema,

treaba

incident > [insidant] - incident, intamplare

idea > [aidia] - idee

fact > [fEkt] - fapt

space travel > [speis trEvl] - calatorie in spatiu

war > [" O:'] - razboi

mistake > [mistcik] - gre~eala, eroare

complaint > [kampleint] - nemultumire, plangere,

reclamatie

soldier > [sauldja'] - soldat

2
In exercitiul urmator am folosit cuvintele noi in propozitii:

We don't know everything > ["I: daunt nall cVllT'in\g) - Nu ~tim inca totul
about this matter yet. aballt D/is mEta' id] despre aceasta problema.

The facts are alarming. > [D/a f1:kts a:' ala: rll1in(gl] - Faptele sunt alarmante.

They saw a strange object > [D/ci so: a stlcll1dJ obdjikt - Au vazut un obiect straniu
in the sky. in D/a ska/] pe cer.

These ideas are not new. > [[Yl:Z aidiaz a:' not nlll'\ - Aceste idei nu sunt noi.

All we want is peace. > [01 "1: Jont IZ pl:S] - Tot ce dorim este (sa fie) pace.

What do you know > ["ot dll Ill: nall - Ce ~til despre razboi?
about the war? aballt IYa "t)"r]

This soldier has made > [D/Is Siill!dp' hEz meld - Acest soldat a facut
a serious mistake. a si.nas ll1lstcik] o gre~eala serioasa.

You can return it if there are > [Ill: kI:n ntii:'n It It" O/ca r a: r - Puteti s-o inapoiati daca avet i
complaints. kall1plcll1ts] nemultumiri.

The incident was in > [Dll insidant "oz in - Incidentul a aparut 'in
all the papers. (J.! D/a pciparz] toate ziarele.

Is there enough space > [IZ D'ca'lI1at"spc/s - Este destul spatiu

for our furniture? to.' aua' nl:rmt~a'] pentru mobila noastra?

The first space travel was in > [D/a fa'st SPCIS trEvi U oz IJ1 - Prima calatorie in spatiu
1957. namtb] finl SC\ nJ a avut loc in 1957.

Is that luggage yours? > [17 DZEtlagldj /t)"'zJ - Acest bagaj este al tau?

Iar acum completati propozitiile 'in limba engleza cu cuvintele care lipsesc:

Am citit mult despre ace! razboi. - I have read much about that >war.

Negocierile vor aduce pacea? - Will the negotiations bring >peace?

Acele idei sunt greu de inteles. - Those >Icleas are difficult to understand.

Scopul nostru este sa obtinem 0 marire - Our >object is to get a raise

de salariu cat mai curand posibil. as soon as possible.

Faptul ca el m-a ajutat a impresionat-o - The >fact that he helped me impressed

pemama. my mother.

EI nu poate sa acorde mult timp acestei probleme. - He cannot spend much time on this >mattcr.

Imi place sa calatoresc lara bagaje. - I like travelling without any >luggage.

Este periculoasa calatoria in spatiu? - Is >space travel dangerous?

Universul este incredibil de vast. - >Space is incredibly vast.

Aceste incidente se petrec in mod regulat? - Do these >JIlcldcnts happen regularly?

Aceste nemultumiri merita sa fie ascultate. - These >coJl1plaIJ1ts are worth listening to.

3
Ai fiicut de doua ori aceea~i gre~eala. - You have made the same > mIstake twice.
,

Soldatii sunt gata de lupta. - The> soldIers are ready for the fight.

"I like travelling without any luggage."

Rezolvati urmatorul exercitiu de traducere:

incident, intiimplare > incident

gre~eala, eroare > mIstake

pace > peace

razboi > war

chestiune, problema, treaba > matter

soldat > soldIer

spatiu, univers > space

nemultumire, pliingere, reclamatie > complamt

obiect, scop > object

idee > Idea

fapt > fact

bagaj > luggage

In lec(iile anterioare, ali intiilnit deja verbul modal must - a trebui.

Acum vom inwi(aforma negativii a acestui verb:

1. Forma negativii a verbului must se ob(ine prin adiiugarea adverbului de nega(ie not: must
not (forma prescurtatiijiind mustn't l masnt] care inseamnii a nu fi permislingaduit, a nu
avea voie, a fi interzis, de exemplu:

She mustn't smoke. - Ea nu are voie sa fumeze.

You mustn't talk here. - Nu ai voie sa vorbe~ti aici.

4
2. Structura negativii - BU trebuie, se exprinu] cuforma scurtii needn't lnLdnt], de exemplu:

You needn't read all these books. - Nu trebuie sa cite~ti toate aceste cacti.

She needn't worry about it. - Ea nu trebuie sa-~i faca griji in legatura
cu asta.

lar acum sa folosim verbele modale invatate anterior. Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu
verbul corespunzator:

Nu trebuie sa mergem acolo. - We >needn 't go there.

De ce nu am voie sa yin aici? - Why > 1TI1i stn 't I come here?

Nu avem voie sa facem aceasta gre~eala. - We >lTIlistn 't make this mistake.

Nu trebuie sa ascult plangerile tale. - I >needn't listen to your complaints.

Nu ai voie sa-ti la~i bagajul aici. - You > 1TI1i stn 'f leave your luggage here.

Aceste ~tiri nu sunt neaparat adevarate. - This news> needn't be facts.

Urmeaza un alt grup de cuvinte noi. Exersati pronuntia ~i retineti intelesullor in limba romana:

objective > [abdjekti\] - obiectiv, nepartinitor

decisive > ldisaislv] - hotarator, decisiv

urgent > [a:ldjant] - urgent

concrete > l konkri:t] - concret, palpabil

abstract > [EbstrEkt] - abstract

peaceful > [pi:sfal] - pa~nic, lini~tit

presently > [prezantl i] - imediat, indata

lata cum se folosesc cuvintele noi in propozitii:

Can you talk about this > l kEn Ill: to. k aballt DZIS - Poti sa vorbe~ti obiectiv
objectively? abd.lektlvll] despre asta?

Tomorrow will be > [tamorall uil bi: - Maine va fi ziua

the decisive day. D"a disaisiv dC/] decisiva.

This is a very urgent > l D"is jz a veri a:ldpnt - Aceasta este 0 treaba foarte
matter. mEtal] urgenta.

Is there concrete information? > [IZ {Yca f konkri:t II1fame/~n] - Sunt informatii concrete?

I don't like abstract > l ai daunt hllk Ehstrl~kt - Nu-mi plac subiectele
subjects. sabdjlkb] abstracte.

The surroundings are > l Dfa ~araundm(~lz a: 1 - Imprejurimile sunt

very peaceful. \ en pi.~fld] foarte pa~nice.

We'll start it presently. > lUi:l start it prezantli] - Vom incepe imediat.

5
Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu noile cuvinte:

ldeile abstracte sunt dificil de inteles. ~ > A bStLlct ideas are difficult to understand.

Avem nevoie urgenta de mai mult - We >ur~cnlly need more

ingra~amant chimic. fertilizer.

Aceasta trebuie prezentata intr-un mod obiectiv. ~ It has to be shown in an >ob.lcctlve way.

Vom termina imediat. - We'll finish it >prcsenlly.

Ei traiesc intr-o reglUne lini~tita. - They live in a >pcaccful region.

Masa este un obiect coneret. - A table is a >concrck object.

Este greu sa fii obiectiv in aceasta problema. - It is difficult to be >obJcctive in this matter.

Traduceti unnatoarele cuvinte in limba engleza:

concret > cOllclde

decisiv > deClSI\ c

pa~nic, lini~tit > peaceful

imediat, indata > presently

abstract > aboitract

urgent > urgent

obiectiv >ob.lectl\C

Ati reu~it sa rezolvati exercitiul anterior? lata acum un grup de verbe noi:

to matter > rtu mEta' j - a conta, a avea importanta ~

to notice > [tu naullsj - a observa, a baga de seama

to complain > l tu kamplclTl ] - a se plange, a reclama

to agree > [tuagri"] - a fi de acord, a accepta

to disagree > flU (hsagri:] - a nu fi de acord, a nu accepta

to decide >[tUJloilltJj - a decide, a hotari

lata cuvintele noi intr-un scurt dialog. Cititi-l cu atentie:

A: Peter, Jane complains that you forbid her everything.

B: Really? I haven't noticed.
A: She wanted to go on holiday with her friends and you didn't agree.
S: I think I was right. But does it matter?
A: Yes, it does. You didn't even tell her why you disagreed.
B: Now you are right. Next time when I decide to forbid her something 1'1\ explain why.

6
Sa analizam acum fiecare propozi~ie separat:

Peter, Jane complains that > i pi'fa' dJclll kalt1plcll1z DzEt - Peter, Jane s-a plans
you forbid her everything. Il,: forhid ba:' cvnl 'in(~lj ca Ii interzici totuI.

Really? I haven't noticed. > I IbiI al hF\"llt nallt!st] - lntr-adevar? Nu am observat.

She wanted to go on holiday > [Sl. "0n lld tll gall on holide: - Ea a vrut sa mearga in concediu
with her friends and you Jl), hel r frcndl 1· nd Ill: cu prietenii ei dar tu
didn't agree. ,iidnt a~n: j nu ai fost de acord.

I think I was right. > 1:11'] 'Jl1'C'k al"OI rail1 - ered ca am avut dreptate.

But does it matter? > l bat daz It mEta' 1 - Dar conteaza asta?

Yes, it does. > [ICS It d:l/1 - Da.

You didn't even tell her > 1'11, didn! i \ n tel hal - Nici macar nu i-ai spus
why you disagreed. 'dl III dls;I~" Ld j de ce nu ai fost de acord.

Now you are right. > [nallill ;\",ailj - Acum ai dreptate.

Next time when I decide > lnd; 'I (<11111 ''\:n dl (!Jsald - Data viitoare cand
to forbid her something tll Illlhid kl" s;\lnT'Jl1':') voi decide sa-i interzic ceva,
I'll explain why. :1l1Ibpil'J11 "alJ ii voi explica de ceo

Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu verbele corespunzatoare:

A contat mult pentru mine. - It >l1lattCl cd a lot to me.

Ai observat ca el a baut prea mult? - Have you >J1l,tILcd that he has drunk
too much?

S-au plans de cal dura. - They> COJl1I' 1:1 ined of the heat.

~tiu ca ei nu sunt de acord. - I know they don't >dgrce.

Nu am fost de aceea~i parere in acea problema. - We >dlsagrt.'cd on that maUer.

Noi am dec is sa nu-i a~teptam. - We >declded not to wait for them.

Traduceti in limba engleza urmatoarele verbe:

a accepta, a fi de acord

a decide, a hotari > to dec Ide

a se plange, a reclama > to c< ,mplain

a observa > to notice

a conta, a avea importanta > to Jl1.ltkl

a nu fi de acord

7
lar acum sa revenim la imperativulformat cu verbullet.

Dacii propozi(ia in care verbul este la imperativ este flegatlva (vrem ca cineva sa flU facii ceva),
atunci se folose~te cuvantul de nega(ie not.

De exemplu:

Let's not agree. - Sa nu fim de acord!

Let them not decide themselves. - Sa nu decida ei ln~i~i!

In exercitiul urmator traduceti propozitiile in Iimba engleza:

Las( -0) sa nu faca aceasta gre~eala! > Let her not make thIs mistake.

Sa nu luam bagajul cu noi! > Let's not take the luggage wIth us.

Sa nu-llasam sa vorbeasca tot timpul > Let hun not talk about the war
despre razboi. a II the tIme.

Urmeaza ultimul exereitiu al lectiei, in care vom sintetiza cele invatate. Traduceti propozitiile
urmatoare in limba engleza:

Acest incident nu trebuie sa se mai intiimple. > ThIs incIdent mustn't happen again.

Calatoria in spatiu este captivanta. > Space travel IS excllJl1g.

Nu trebuie sa te giinde~ti la aceasta problema. > You needn'l thmk about thIS matter.

El are 0 idee buna, sa-I lasam sa vorbeasca. > He has a good Idea, let hllll speak.

L-ai observat pe barbatul cu palaria verde? > Have you noticed thIS man m a green hat?

Nu ai voie sa hotara~ti lara sa vorbe~ti cu Jane. > YDU mustn't declClc Wllhout lalkmg to .lane.

Nu conteaza. > It doesn '1 matter.

Sa nu-i lasam sa se pliinga! > LeI them not complalll'

Nu trebuie sa ajungem la un acord acum. > We needn't aglec now.

8
LECTIA
, 31 - PARTEA A DOUA

incepem partea a doua a lectiei cu substantive referitoare la razboi.

Cititi cuvintele cu voce tare:

army > [a:fmi] - armata

navy > [neivi] - flota maritima, marina

militara

air force > [eaffo:fs] - forta aeriana

civilian > [sivilian] - civil

trench > [trent~] - tran~eu

weapon > [U epn ] - arma

enemy > [cnami] - mamlC

ally > [Elai] - aliat

cartridge > [ka:ftridj] - cartu~

atom-bomb > [Etam bom] - bomba atomica

battle > [bEtl] - batalie, lupta

submarine > [sabmari:n] - submarin

Sa exersam cuvintele noi ~i intr-o alta ordine:

enemy > [enami] - inamic

ally > [Elai] - aliat

battle > [bEtl] - batalie, lupta

navy > [neivi] - flota maritima, marina

militara

cartridge > [ka:ftridj] - cart~

submarine > [sabm[lri:n] - submarin

army > [a:'miJ - armata

atom-bomb > [EUun hom] - bomba atomica

air force > [ca f fO:f S] - fortii aeriana

weapon > [U cpn ] - arma

trench > [trent~] - tran~eu

civilian > [slvilian] - civil

9
Unnariti folosirea cuvintelor nOl in propozitii. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i fiti atenti la traducerea lor in
limba romana:

This country has > l DIIs kantll hEz - Aceasta tara are
a small army. a smo:1 a·rmi] o annata mica.

In a war the air forces are > l In a "o ' \)'1 ea' fo:'slz a:' - intr-un razboi foI1a aeriana este
often decisive. olil dlsalsl\] deseori decisiva.

Many civilians were killed. > [meD! sivillanz "a.' klld] - Multi civili au fost uci~i.

The soldiers had to dig > [DZa sauldja'z hEd tll dig - Soldatii au trebuit sa sape
trenches. trent~lz ] tran~ee.

Our weapons are not > [aLia' "frllZ a: r not - Annele noastre nu sunt
modem enough. l11oda'n maf] destul de modeme.

We have no infonnation > [uJ. hE\ nall Il1famelSn - Nu avem infonnatii

on the enemy. on D/) ena111l] despre inamic.

Our allies were too late > lalla' Elalz "a:' tll: lelt - Aliatii au venit prea tarziu
to help us. tll help as] sa ne ajute.

These are bad cartridges. > [DzI:z a: r bEd ka:rtnd]lz J - Acestea sunt cartu~e proaste.

Was it necessary to use > [U oz It nCSlsarl tll 11I:Z - A fost necesara folosirea
the atom-bomb? DZj Etam bom] bombei atomice?

The battle started at night. > [Dca bEtI sta.'tld Et nait] - Batalia a inceput noaptea.

TheIr navy has no > l DZel' nervI hEz nall - Flota lor maritima nu are
submarines. sabmall·llz] submarine.

Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele care Iipsesc:

Sunt destule cartu~e? - Are there enough> caJiridgeS?

Inamicul are avioane modeme. - The >enemyhas modem planes.

Tran~eele sunt suficient de adanci. - The> trenches are deep enough.

Aliatii no~tri ne sprij ina. - Our> allies support us.

Multi civili parasesc ora~ul. - Many >civilians are leaving the town.

Ei construiesc multe submarine. - They are building many >slIbmannes

Batalia a continuat timp de 0 saptamana. - The >battle has continued for a week.

Noi folosim cell' mai modeme anne. - We are using the latest > weapon~.

Bomba atomica a fost folosita de aliatul nostru. - The >atom-bomb was used by our ally.

10
Fratele meu este in aviatia militara. - My brother is in the >alr force.

Armata are nevoie de mult petrol. - The >army needs a lot of petrol.

Unele tari nu au flota maritima. - Some countries haven't got a >navy.

"My brother is in the air force"

Acum traduceti noile cuvinte in engleza:

forta aeriana > ail force

arma > weapon

cartu~ >nlltridgc

submarin > submannc

lupta, batalie > battle

aliat >ally

civil

flota maritima > n:l\ v

bomba atomica > dto!1l-bomb

armata > :III11Y

tran~eu >\rench

In continuare iatii cum putem exprima datele:

In the forties there were >llI1lYd 10.\))/ lYe;}' "'.1.' - In anii patruzeci au fast (avut lac)
many battles. men! bEll/J multe lupte.

II
Dupii eum ali observat, expresiile ea anii patruzeci, anii cincizeci etc., se formeazii adiiugiind la
numeral artieolul hotiirat :;i sufixul-es. Nu uitali eii litera -y de la sfar:;itul euviintului se transformii
in -i, iar aeeasta este urmatii de terminalia -es.

lata exemplele:

the fifties - anii cincizeci

the sixties - anii l?aizeci

Aeeste expresii pot fi sense eu ajutorul eiji-elor in felul urmiitor:

the 80s - the eighties - anii optzeci

\..
the 20s - the twenties - anii douazeci

Daea vrem sa sllbhniem seeollll, atllnei data se scrie in felul urmiitor:

the 1830s - the eighteen thirties - anii 0 mie opt sute treizeci

the 1970s - the nineteen seventies - anii 0 mie noua sute l?aptezeci

Pe baza exemplelor de mai sus traduceti unnatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

Razboiul a inceput in anii 1930. > The war started In the 1930s
(nineteen thIrties).

Mary s-a nascut in anii l?aizeci. > Mary was born In the 60s (sIxtIes).

Aceasta casa a fost construita in anii 1790. > ThIs house \\ as built 111 the J 790s
(se\entccn ninetIes).

In ann '40 au fost putine mal?mi > In the 405 (fortIes) there were fe\\ cars
in Romania. In Romania.

Unneaza din nou cateva cuvinte noi:

tactical >[tEktlkl] - tactic

civilian >[SI\ illan] - civil

nuclear > [11m klIa'] - nuclear

live > [1'11\] - viu, intens

naval > [I1C{\ I] - naval, maritim

annoured >[a 'l11d'll] - blindat, annat

12
Unnariti folosirea cuvintelor noi in propozitii. Cititi-Ie cu voce tare ~i exersati pronuntia:

The enemy made > [OZi enami meld - lnamicul a facut

a tactical mistake. a tEktlkl mistelk] o gre~eala tactica.

Also civIlian planes > [a:lsau :m'ilian plen1Z - Se folosesc ~i avioane

are used. a:' iu:zd] civile.

Nuclear weapons are > [niu:klia T "cpanz a:' - Annele nucleare sunt extraordinar
enonnously dangerous. ll1o:'masli dell1djaras] de periculoase.

The police were using > [D/a pali.s "a:' lU:zin(g) - Politia a folosit cartu~e
live cartridges. lalv ka 'tndJlz] adevarate.

Naval planes are important > [nclvl plelnz a:' IInpo:'tant - Avioanele flotei maritime sunt
in a modem war. III a moda'n "0:'] foarte importante intr-un
razboi modern.

Their planes are only lightly > [O/el' plelOz a:' aunlI laltli - Avioanele lor sunt slab
annoured. armLl'd] blindate.

Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

Inamicul are doua submarine nuc1eare. - The enemy has two >nuclear submarines.

De obicei avioanele tactice nu sunt - The >tactlcal planes are usually not
foarte mario very big.

Nu este u~or sa distrugi - It is not easy to damage

un avion blindat. an >armoured plane.

Ace~ti copii au gasit cartu~e adevarate. - These children have found >live cartridges.

Batalia navala a fost decisiva. - The >naval battle was decisive.

Soldatii purtau haine civile. - The soldiers were wearing >clvilian clothes.

Traduceti in limba engleza cuvintele unnatoare:

naval, maritim > naval

civil > civIlILln

nuclear > nucleLlr

tactic > (actlc,,1

blindat > armoured

VIU > live

13
in eontinuare ne vom oeupa din nou de gramatiea.

Am inw'i!at deja cuwintul one, care se folose~te pentru inlocuirea unui substantiv care se repetti in
propozitie.

latti ~i cdteva detalii:

Cuvdntul one nu se folose~te pentru inlocuirea unui substantiv care se repetti. dacti in propozi!ie se
aflti ~i pronumele own.

De exemplu:

I won't give you my pen; use your own. - NU-li voi da stiloul meu; folose~te-l pe al tau.

He doesn't need your car. He has - El nu are nevoie de ma~ina tao El are
his own. propria ma~ina.

We never buy vegetables. - Nu eumparam nieiodata zarzavaturi.

We grow our own. Noi In~ine Ie eultivam.

Sa invatam eiiteva verbe noi:

to fight > [tll f3lt] - a (se) lupta, a se bate

to surrender > [tll sarenda'] - a se preda, a capitula

to join > [tu djom] - a se uni, a intra (In)

to arm > [tua:'m] - a (se)lnarma

to fire at > [tll fa/a' El] - a trage (eu 0 arma)

to sink - a (se) seufunda

Dintre verbele de mai sus doua sunt neregulate. lata formele lor:

forma I forma a II-a forma a I1I-a

fight > [ faIt] fought > [fa. t] fought > [fo.t]

sink > [sll1 l g l k] sank sunk

Aeum iata noile verbe In propozilii:

This country has fought > [D/Is kant!! hEz fa. t - Aeeasta lara a dus
many wars. I11CnI "(1 'z1 multe razboaie.

The enemy soon surrendered. > [D/] cnami slI.n sarenda'd] - Inamicul a capitulat repede.

He has joined his army, > [hI hEz d,oll1d hiZ a:'mi - El a intrat In armata lui,
we have joined our own. " 1: hEy djOlml aua' <lun] nOI am intrat In a noastra.

14
They armed themselves > [D'ei a:'md DZemselvz - S-au inannat cu cutitele lor.
with their own knives. lid)' f)'f'I' aun naivz]

They have fired at us > [D'el hEy faia'd Et as - Au tras uneori asupra noastra.
occasionally. akrlJanall]

The submarine sank > [[Ya sa?man:n sEn(~)k - Submarinul a scufundat

five ships in two days. l3,v ~1PS 111 tu: delZ] cinci vapoare in doua zile.

We fought in vain. > lUi: fo:t in velD] - Noi am luptat in zadar.

Our allies have surrendered. > [aua' Elalz hEy sarcnda'd] - Aliatii no~trii au capitulat.

Will you join us? > [lid iu: dJoin as] - Ni te vei alatura?

Are our soldiers > [~l.' alia' sltuld.FJ'z - Soldatii no~trii sunt
sufficiently armed? safi~ant1J a. 'mdl suficient de inarmati?

We fired at the enemy planes, > lUi. faia'cl Et 1)'1 cnami pleinz - Am tras in avioanele inamice,
not at our own. not Et au,,' 3un) nu in ale noastre.

They have sunk too many > [D/el hEv san'~)k tu: mcni - Ei ne-au scufundat deja
of our ships already. av aua' ~IPS o:lrccll] prea multe nave.

Unneaza un exercitiu nou in care vom folosi cuvintele noi. Completati unnatoarele propozitii in
limba engleza:

Vom inceta lupta de indata ce inamicul - We will stop >fighting as soon as the enemy
se va preda. >surrcndcrs.

Dupa 0 saptamana, el a venit dupa sotia sa - After a week he >jomcd his wife
la Londra. in London.

Am scufundat un vapor la miezul noptii. - We >sanK a ship at midnight.

Nu am tras niciodata asupra nimanui. - I have never >fired at anybody.

Avioanele sunt foarte inannate. - The planes are heavily >armcd.

Vom lupta pana la ultimul om. - We will >fig-ht to the last man.

Ei s-au predat Tara sa lupte. - They >SllrJ l'ndereu without >fightmg.

Cele doua annate s-au unit inainte - The two amlies >Jomed before
de ultima batalie. the last battle.

Cate nave au fast scufundate - How many ships >have becn sunk
in aceasta saptamana? this week?

15
Pentru a verifica daca ati retinut cele studiate piina acum, traduceti verbele urmatoare in limba
engleza:

a trage (cu 0 arma) > to fire (at)

a se uni, a intra 1n > to Jom

a (se) scufunda > to sink

a 1narma > to ann

a (se) lupta > to fIght

a se preda > to surrender

Sii revenim incii 0 datii /a f%sirea cuvantu/ui one in in/ocuirea substantive/or.

latii ~i a/te cazuri in care cuvantu/ one poate fi omis:

1. Dupii numera/e cardinale:

I have three chairs and she has five. - Eu am trei scaune ~i ea are cinci.

She bought two coats and stole three. - Ea a cumparat doua haine ~i a furat trei.

2. Dupii genitivu/ saxon:

This bicycle is not so expensive - Aceasta bicicleta nu este atiit de scumpa

as John's. ca a lui John.

It was not her mistake, but her sister's. - Nu a fast gre~eala ei, ci a surorii sale.

3. Dupii pronume/e some, any, these, those:

If you want cigarettes, I can give you some. - Daca vrei tigari, iti pot da cateva.

He was looking for cheap curtains, - EI a cautat perdele ieftine,

but he didn't see any. dar nu a vazut niciuna.

4. Dupii forma de super/ativ a adjective/or:

Of all the cars we have, this - Dintre toate ma~inile pe care Ie avem aceasta
is the fastest. este cea mai rapida.

Of all the flowers I have seen today, - Dintre toate florile pe care Ie-am vazut azi,
these are the most beautiful. acestea sunt cele mai frumoase.

In exercitiul urmator vom exersa constructiile invatate anterior. Traduceti propozitiile in limba
engleza:

Ma~ina lui nu este atiit de rapida ca a lui Mary. > fiIs car IS not so/as fast as Mary's.

Noi am cumparat doua vapoare > We bought two ships

~i ei au cumparat cinci. and they bought jive.

Am camera mea ~i el 0 are pe a sa. > 1 have 111) 0\\ n 100111 and he has hiS nIl II

Sotia lui este cea mai frumoasa. > I lIs \\ Ill.' IS the most bedutlful
16
Noi avem doi copii, iar vecinii no~tri > We have two children and our nelghbOllrs
au ClnC!. have five.

Nu trebuie sa imprumut bani; ii am pe ai mei. > I needn't borrow any money; I have my own.

Parintii lui John sunt mai batnlni dedit ai lui Mary. > John's parents are older than Mary's.

Acest baiat este cel mai inaIt. > This boy lS the tallest.

Urmeaza ultimul exercitiu al lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile urmatoare in limba engleza:

Ciind am observat ca a inceput sa se intunece, > When we noticed it was gettmg dark,
ne-am alaturat aliatilor no~tri. we .lamed our allies.

Nu avem nevoie de submarinele flotei lor militare, > We don't need the submarines of theu' navy:
Ie avem pe ale noastre. we have our own.

EI a Iacut doua gre~eli, dar tu ai Iacut ~ase. > He made two mistakes, but you made six.

Armele inamicului nu sunt modeme. > The weapons of the enemy are not modem.

Reclamatiile cumparatorilor merita > The complamts of the customers are worth
ascultate. listening to.

Am obosit repede pentru ca bagajul meu > I soon got tired because my luggage
a fost greu. \\ as hea\').

Nu ai voie sa iei asta. > You mustn't take it

In anii '20 noi aveam 0 armata mica. > III the 20s (t\\el1t1es) we had a small anny.

Nu trebuie sa faci asta azi. > You needn't do It today.

Ei au decis sa foloseasca bomba atomica. > They have decided to use the atom-bomb.

In incheiere iata exercitiul de pronuntie. Repetati cuvintele:

le] lei] l all la]

weapon navy decide army

trench naval live arm

bed mistake decisive cartridge

enemy space fire armoured

let lake fight car

17
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
, 31

31.1. Fonna negativa a verbului modal must

31.1.1. Daca verbulUi modal must i se adauga adverbul de negatie not, obtinem fonna must
not (fonna scurta mustn't) care inseamna a nu fi permis/ingaduit, a nu avea voie, a
fi interzis.

She mustn't smoke. - Ea nu are voie sa fumeze.

You mustn't talk here. - Nu ai voie sa vorbe~ti aici.

31.1.2. Corespondentul englezesc al expresiei nu trebuie este needn't:

You needn't read all these books. - Nu trebuie sa cite~ti toate aceste carti.

She needn't worry about it. - Ea nu trebuie sa-~i faca griji in legatura
cu acest lucm.

31.2. Daca vrem ca cmeva sa nu faca ceva, atunci verbului let i se adauga cuvantul de negatie not:

Let's not go there! - Sa nu mergem acolo!

Let them not speak. - Sa nu-i lasam sa vorbeasca.

31.3. Expresnle anii patruzeci, anii cincizeci se formeaza adaugand numeralului articolul hotarat
~i sufixul -es. Litera -y de la sfar~itul cuvantului se transfonna in -i, de exemplu:

.. . . .
the fifties - ann cmClzeCl

the sixties - anii ~aizeci

Aceste expresii pot fi scrise cu cifre in felul unnator:

the 80s - the eighties - anll optzeci

Daca vrem sa subliniem secolul, atunci data se scrie in felul unnator:

the 1830s - the eighteen thirties - anii 0 mie opt sute treizeci

the 1970s - the nineteen seventies - anii 0 mie noua sute ~aptezeci

18
3 1.4. Omiterea cuvantuIui one in cazuI in care inlocuie~te substantive:

in unnatoarele cazuri cuvantul one care inlocuie~te substantive care se repeta, poate fi omis:

1. Dupa adjectivuI own

I won't give you my pen; - Nu-ti voi da stiloul meu; folose~te-l

use your own. pe aI tau.

2. Dupa numerale cardinale:

I have three chairs and she has five. - Am trei scaune ~i ea are cinci.

3. Dupa genitivuI saxon

This bicycle is not so expensive - Aceasta bicicleta nu este aHit de scumpa

as John's. ca a lui John.

4. Dupa pronumeIe some, any, these, those:

If you want cigarettes, - Daca vrei tigari,

I can give you some. iti pot da cateva.

5. Dupa forma de superlativ a adjectiveIor:

Of all the cars we have, - Dintre toate ma~iniIe pe care Ie avem,

this is the fastest. aceasta este cea mai rapida.

19
 .......-
TEMA PENTRU ACAS.A 31

A Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba romana:

I. Let them not buy this expensive bicycle.

2. In the '80s there were a lot of battles.

3. They have two submarines and we have ten.

4. She mustn't give us these towels.

5. You needn't join the army.

6. I wanted stamps but they didn't have any.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I. Nu-mi place aceasta idee. 0 prefer pe aceea.

2. Oilatoriile in spatiu au inceput in anii treizeci.

3. Nu avem voie sa facem aceea~i gre~eala de doua ori.

4. Sa nu-Ilasam pe John sa se planga.

5. Nu trebuie sa lupt in acest razboi.

6. Acesta nu este bagajul meu, ci al Mariei.

c. Corectati gre~elile din urmatoarele propozitii:

1. You needn't to go to school today. You can stay at home if you want.

2. Let her not to open the window.

3. I have one daughter and they have two ones.

4. We met in the 1970.

5. They don't needn't wear these trousers.

20
....--iil. ._ _

LECTIA 32 " "

PARTEA INTAI
,

In continuare va vom prezenta alte cuvinte legate de razboi:

ritle > [raitl] - pu~ca

tank > [tEn(g)k] - tanc

aircraft > [ea'kra:ft] - aVlOn, aVlOane

aircraft carrier > [eilrkra:ft kEria'] - port-avion

anti-aircraft gun > [Enti ea'kra:ft gan] - tun anti-aerian

ammunition > [Emiuni~n] - munitie

target > [ta:'git] - tinta

casualties > [kEjiualtiz] - pierderi, victime

measures > [meja'z] - masuri, dispozitii

bomber > [boma'] - bombardier, avion de

bombardament

fighter > [faitil r] - avion de vanatoare

attack > [atEk] - atac, asalt

Exersati cuvinte1e noi ~i Intr-o alta ordine:

aircraft carrier > [earkra:ft kEria r] - port-avion

attack > [atEk] - atac, asa1t

tank > [tEn(g'k] - tanc

measures > [meja'z] - masuri, dispozitii

ritle > [raitl] - pu~ca

bomber > lboma'] - bombardier, avion de

bombardament

aircraft > [eil'kra:ft] - avion, avioane

casualties > [kEjiualtiz] - pierderi, victime

ammunition > l Emiuni~n] - munitie

fighter > l fait a'] - avion de vanatoare

anti-aircraft gun > [Enti ea'kra: ft gan] - tun anti-aerian

target > [ta:'git] - tinta

21
Acum urmariti folosirea cuvintelor noi in propozitii:

The soldiers are armed > [D/a sauldp'z a r a:'md - Soldatii sunt inarmati
wIth rifles. uiD z ratflz] eu pu~ti.

How many tanks has > [hau mcn) tEnlg)ks hEz - Cite taneuri are inamieul?
the enemy got? 011 cnalnl got]

Aircraft carriers are > l ea'kra:1t kEna'z a:' - Port-avioanele sunt

enormous ships. Illo:'mas ~lpS] vapoare enorrne.

Our aircraft have not > [aua' eil'kra:ft hE\' not - Avioanele noastre nu
yet returned. let nta:'nd] s-au intors inca.

We need more > [til: m:d mo" - Avem nevoie de mai multe
anti-aircraft guns. Entl ca'kra.1t ganz] tunuri anti-aeriene.

They are having troubles > [D/CI a:' hE\'m lel trablz - Ei au probleme
with their ammunition. " I DI [YCI' El111Lll1isn] eu munitia lor.

A ship IS an easy target. > [a ~IP lZ an i:Zl ta:'gltJ - Un vapor este 0 tinta u~oarii.

How many casualties were > [hall I11Cl1l kEJlualtlz "a ' - Cite vietime au fost
there in that battle? D/ea'In DIEt bEtl] in aeea biitiilie?

We have to take > [") hE\' tu teik - Trebuie sa luam

serious measures. si lIas me)a'z] masuri serioase.

Our bombers have hit > [aua' boma'z hEv hIt - Bombardierele noastre
all the targets. o'j D/a ta:'gits] au nimerit toate tintele.

We lost two fighters > [" 1 lost tu. f alta' z - Jeri noi am pierdut doua
yesterday. lesta' del] avioane de vfmatoare.

The attack came in > [D/i [ltEk kcnTI 111 - Ataeul a ineeput
the early morning. 011 a:'iI l11o.rmn,g,] dimineata devreme.

----="'~-----

"The soldiers are armed with rifles"

22
Sa exersam inca 0 data cuvintele noi. Completati propozitiile in limba engleza cuvintele
corespunzatoare:

Tunurile noastre anti-aeriene au fost nefolositoare. - Our> anti-aircraft guns were useless.

Bombardierele zboara la inaltime foarte mare. - The> bombers fly very high.

Acestea sunt pu~ti straine. - These are foreign> nfles.

Au fost putine victime. - There were hardly any > casualties.

Au fost alese multe tinte industriale. - Many industrial> targets were chosen.

S-au raportat doua avioane de vanatoare avariate. - Two> fighterswere reported damaged.

Atacul va avea loc in ceata. - The> attackwill be made in fog.

Ultimul lor port-avion - Their last> aircraft carrier

a fost scufundat in zori. was sunk at dawn.

Pe un port-avion este loc - On an aircraft carrier there is space

pentru multe avioane. for many> aircraft

Tancurile sunt sigure. - The> tanks are reliable.

Aceste masuri nu sunt suficiente. - These> measuresare not sufficient.

Nu avem munitie pentru aceste arme. - We have no > ammunition for these weaports.

Acum traduceti in limba engleza cuvintele:

avion (avioane) > aircraft

munitie > ammunition

pierderi, victime > casualtIes

bombardier > bomber

atac, asalt > attack

t inta > target

tanc > tank

port-avion > aircraft carrier

masuri, dispozitii > measures

avion de vanatoare > fighter

pu~ca > rifle

tun anti-aerian > anti-aircraft gun

23
Acum ne yom reintoarce la 0 problema gramaticala discutata in lectia anterioara, ~i anume, genitivul
saxon.

Genitivul saxon se folose,~te inaintea substantivelor care exprima timpul sau distan!a, de exemplu:

Did you hear last night's news? - Ai auzit ~tirile de ieri seara?

There was a two hours' delay. - A fost 0 intarziere de doua ore.

The building was a mile's distance from us. - Cladirea era la 0 distanta de 0 mila de noi.

Nu uita!i sa adauga!i substantivului la singular sau plural apostroful $i litera sf

Sa aplicam aceasta regula in urmatorul exercitiu:

~tii ceva despre intalnirea de saptamana trecuta? > Do you know anythIng about last week's
meetmg?

~coala se afla la 0 distanta de un kilometru > The school IS a mile's dIstance

jumatale de casa mea. fi om my house.

Cuno~ti rezultatele de lunea trecuta? > Do you know last Monday's results?

Sa invatam ciiteva cuvinte noi:

military >[mihtan] - militar

defensive >[dlfenslv] - defensiv, de aparare

mlssmg - disparut

hostile > [hostad] - ostil, inamic

jet > [dJet] - avion cu reactie

vulnerable (to) > [valnarabl] - vulnerabil, care poate fi atacat

In exercitiul urmator puteti urmari folosirea cuvintelor noi in propozitii. Cititi-le cu atentie ~i retineti
traducerea lor in limba romana:

Only military targets > [aunl! mihtan ta,'glts - Doar tintele militare
are important. a:' unpo:'tant] sunt importante.

We took defensive measures. > [lil. tuk dlfenslv meJa'z] - Am luat masuri de aparare.

Twenty soldiers are > [tUentl sauld,a'z a r - S-a raportat disparitia a

reported missing. J Ipo·ltld mism lgl ] douazeci de soldati.

No hostile fighters were seen > l nau hostal1 falta'z Ua,l si:n - Nu au fost vazute avioane
that day. DIEt del] de vanatoare inamice in acea zi.

Heavy jet bombers will be > [he\ I dIet boma'z lid bl: - Sunt necesare avioane de
necessary for those targets. neSlsal1 to' !Yauzta 'glts] bombardament cu reactie pentru
acele tinte.

Tanks are vulnerable to some > [1[n1e1ks a I valnalabl tu S3m - Tancurile sunt vulnerabile fata de
kinds of aircraft. kallldz a\ ea'kJa It] unele tipuri de avioane.
24
Acum completati propozitiile in limba engleza cu cuvintele noi:

Avioanele lor de viinatoare cu reactie - Their >jet fighters are very fast. .-
sunt foarte rapide.

Au disparut cinci avioane. - Five planes are >missing

Multe cladiri militare sunt avariate. - Many >military buildings are damaged.

Vapoarele sunt vulnerabile la atacurile - Ships are >vulnerable to attacks

submarinelor. by submarines.

Bombardierele inamice sunt inarmate. - The >hostll e bombers are armed.

Vom avea nevoie de mai multe arme defensive. - We shall need more >defensive weapons.

Jar acum urmeazii douii expresii f%site des in /imba eng/ezil:

to be interested in > [tu bi: intrastid in] - a fi interesat(a) de/sa...

to be afraid of >[tu bi: afrc/d av] - a se teme de

Aceste expresii se folosesc la toate timpurile din limba englezii, prin cOlljugarea corespullziltoare a
verbului to be.

De exemplu:

They are interested in buying your house. - Sunt interesati sa cumpere casa tao

I am afraid of big dogs. - Mi-e friea de ciiinii mario

How long have you been interested in weapons? - De ciind te intereseaza armele?

They were afraid of the enemy. - Le-a fast frica de du~man.

Pentru a exersa folosirea eelor doua expresii, traduce1i in limba engleza urmatoarele propozi1ii:

Ma intereseaza submarineIe. > I am interested in submarines.

De ce ti-e frica de mine? > Why are you afraId of me')

Te intereseaza aceasta ~tire? > Arc you interested in this news?

ered ca a va interesa. > I think she will be 1l1terestcd in it.

Pe parintii mei nu-i intereseaza prietenii mei. > My parents are not interested in my friends.

Le-a fast frica de eel de-al doilea atac. > They were afraid of the second attack.

25
Yom invata ultimele verbe noi din aceasta lectie:

to destroy > [tu (lIstJ oi] - a distruge, a darama

to bomb > [tu bom] - a bombarda

to bring down > [tu brin lgl daun] - a dobori (un avion etc.)

to take off > [tu te/k of] - a decola, a-~i lua zborul

to attack > [tll atEk] - a ataca, a asalta

to defend > [tu (Mend] - a apara

to receive > l tll nsi v] - aprnm

to carry > l tll kElI] - a transporta, a duce

lata folosirea verbelor noi in lIrmatoarele propozitiJ:

Many factories were > [menl fEktanz tla:' - Au fost distruse multe fabrici in
destroyed III the attack. dlstlO/d In IYI atEk] timpul atacului.

The enemy bombed > lO"l cnal1ll bomd - lnamicul a bombardat

our capital. alia' kEpltl] capitala noastra.

They have brought down > [O/el hEv bro:t dalln - Au doborat trei dintre
three of our aircraft. T'll av aua' ca'kJa:ft] avioanele noastre.

The fighters have attacked > [O/a fa/ta'z hEy atckt - Avioanele de vanatoare au atacat
the tanks. IYa I En lg 'ks] tancurile.

The planes took off from > [IVa plell1Z tuk ortrom - Avioanele au decolat de pe
the aircraft carrier. f)ll ea'kra:ft kEnai] vasul purtator de avioane.

We defended the capital > [til. dIfcmhd D/a kEpltl - Noi am aparat capitala cat
as long as possible. Ez lon,e) Ez ]1oslbl] mai mult timp posibil.

Three ships carrying > [ r'n. ~lPS kElIlIl le ) - Trei vapoare, care transportau
ammunition were sunk. Em/llni~ntla:' san1glk] munitie au fost scufundate.

I receIved a letter yesterday. > [ai nsi:vd a leta' Icsta'de/] - leri am primit 0 scrisoare.

Completati propozitiIie urmatoarele cu verbele corespunzatoare:

Ne putem apara portunle? - Can we >dcfend our harbours?

Avioanele s-au inaltat in direetia vantului. - The planes >took off into the wind.

Au bombardat avioanele noastre de vanatoare - They >bombed our fighters

inainte ca ele sa poata decola. before they could take off.

Jumatate din tancuri au fost distruse - Halfofthe tanks were >deslloycd

in primele cateva minute. in the first few minutes.

Yestea pe care am primit-o este ingrozitoare. - The news I have >ICCl'!\ cd is awful.

26
Tunurile anti-aeriene au doboriit - The anti-aircraft guns have> broughtdown
multe avioane. many aircraft.

Bombardierele au atacat de doua ori In acea zi. - The bombers> attackedtwice that day.

Ele pot transporta bombele cele mai grele. - They can> can") the heaviest bombs.

In Incheierea acestui ~ir de exercitii, traduceli In limba engleza urmatoarele cuvinte:

a transporta, a duce > to carry

a apara > to defend

apnml > to receive

a ataca > to attack

a decola > to take off

a doborl > to bring down

a bombarda > to bomb

a distruge > to destroy

Iar acum sa ne Intoarcem la pronumele ~i adjectivul pronominal any.

Adjeetivul pronominal any se folose~te ~i in propozi!ii afirmative. in aeest caz inseamii: orice,
oricare, ~i se folose~te pentru determinarea persoQnelor :;;i obiectelor.

Any child knows the answer - Orice copil ~tie raspunsul

to that question. la aceasta Intrebare.

He will take any room you can - Va accepta orice camera pe care poli
offer to him. sa i-o feri.

You can come any day. - Poli veni In orice zi.

Vii prezentiim ~i formele pronominale compuse ale acestui cuvant:

anybody > [ embodl] - oricine, oricare

anyone > [eni"anj - oricine, orieare

anything > [eniT'in(g)j - once

anywhere > l cI1l U ea'] - oriunde, In oriee loe

lata ciiteva exemple:

Anybody can tell you that. - Oricine 11i poate spune asta.

You can give it to anyone you meet there. - Poti sa dai asta oricarei persoane pe care
o Intiilne~ti acolo.

Those people will do anything for money. - Oamenii aceia vor face orice pentru bani.

You can put that chair anywhere. - Poti pune oriunde scaunul acesta.

27
in exercitiul unnator vom exersa utilizarea adjectivului pronominal any ~i a fonnelor sale compuse.
Traduceti propozltlile in Iimba engleza:

Orice camera este destul de buna pentm mine. > Any room IS good enough for me.

Poate fi folosit in orice tara. > It can be used m any country.

Orice carte cumparata va fi impachetata > Any book that IS bought wIll be wrapped up
frumos. nJCe!y.

Oricine poate vedea ca acele flori > Anybody can see that those flowers
nu sunt proaspete. ,II e not fresh.

Oricine a fost acolo, ~tie cat de intens > Anyone who has been there knows how much
este traficul. hallic there IS.

Poate fi Iacut cu orice lucru ascutit. > It can be done wIth anythmg that is sharp.

Criminalul se poate ascunde oriunde. > The cnmmal can be hldmg anywhere.

lata ~i ultimul exercitiu de traducere din aceasta parte a lectiei. Traduceti propozitiile unnatoare in
limba engleza:

Pu~tilepe care Ie folositi sunt mai bune > The nfles you ale using are better
decat acestea. than these.

Dintre toate tancurile pe care Ie-am condus, > Of a]] the tanks I have driven,
acesta este cel mai rapid. thIS IS the fastest.

Orice bombardier poate fi doborat. > Any bombel can be blought down.

Oricine poate nimeri aceasta tinta. > Anybody can hit thIS target.

Atacul poate incepe oriunde. > The attack can start anywhere.

Dintre toate tintele pe care trebuia sa Ie aparam, > Of a]] the tal gets \\ e have to defend,
acesta este cea mai vulnerabila. thIS IS the most vulnerable.

Daca aliatii no~tri au nevoie de bombardiere, > If our al lIes need bombers,
putem sa Ie dam cateva. we can gIve them some.

Aceste cauciucuri sunt cele mai bune. > These tyres are the best.

Orice masura de aparare ne va ajuta. > Any defensIve measure wIll help.

Te intereseaza aceste fapte? > Are you interested m these facts?

in incheierea lectiei, unneaza obi~nuitul exercitiu de pronuntie:

[eJ [EJ [a1J [IJ

jet casualties rifle military

defend attack fighter missing

measure carry light civilian

trench tactical time bring

send matter find sink

28
LECTIA
, 32 - PARTEA A nOVA

Cititi cu atentie unnatorul dialog:

Mary: Every day when you read the morning papers, there is news about all kinds of wars, isn't
it, Peter?

Peter: Well, yes. But is it bad? In this way we cannot forget that while we ourselves are living in
peace, things are not so good for a lot of other people.

Mary: Why is it that people cannot live peacefully for a longer time?

Peter: This question is hard to answer. it must be something deep within us.

Mary: Is there anything we can do about it?

Peter: I really don't know. Some people say that we have to destroy all weapons and close ,the
factories that make them.

Mary: But things don't work that way.

Barbara: I agree with what Mary just said, and you John?

John: There will always be people who will do anything for money.

Barbara: I guess so, but other people say that negotiating is the answer. But it often happens that
people finish negotiations when it seems they are getting less than the others.

John: We have to try to be good to other people and in the meantime remember what has often
been said: if you want peace you have to be prepared to fight.

lata-ne ajun~i la ultimul exercitiu al cursului. Ca de obicei, traduceti propozitiile in limba engleza:

EI a crezut ca nu vor fi reclamatii, > He thought there would be no complaints,

dar au fast patru. but there were four.

~tiu ca ideile tale sunt mai bune deciit ale mele. > I know your Ideas are better than my own.

A trebuit sa cautam port-avioane, > We had to look for aircraft carriers,

dar nu am gasit niciunul. but we dIdn't find any.

Mi-am pierdut pu~ca ~i am luat-o pe a lui Mark. > I had lost my ov.n rifle and took Mark's.

Nu crede ca un tanc poate fi fa losit oriunde! > Don't think that a tank can be used anywhere!

Oricine poate vedea ca du~manul > Anybody can see that the enemy
va pierde razboiul. IS losing the war.

Oricine poate transporta aceste cartu~e. > Anybody can carry these cartridges.

29
Orice bombardier cu reaqie poate distruge > Any jet bomber can destroy
aceIe ,inte. those targets.

Ei au decolat pentru a ataca fabrici de muni~ie, > They took off to aUclck ammUnItIon factones.

Ce s-a decis in leg.1Ima cu > What has been dccJ(led about

anneIe nucleare? nuclear \\ capons'?

Nu trebuie sa folosim bomba atomica. > We mustn't use the atom-bomb.

Alia~ii no~tri au capitulat. > Our allIes have surrendered.

Ce anne defensive au > What defenSIve weapons have

bombardierele lor? thell bombers got'!

Doua avioane ale flotei militare, au disparut > Two naval aIrcraft \\ ere mlssmg
dupa lupta aeriana. aftcr the ~m battle.

Care dintre navele lor este cea mai vulnerabila? > Willch of thell ships is the most vulnerable'?

S-a tras ~i asupra avioanelor civile. > Also CIvIlian planes were fired at.

Ai observat numarul mare de tun uri > !-la\ e

)'LlU notIced the large numbcI of

anti-aeriene? anti-anu aft guns')

Ei au intrat in marina militara. > They ha\ e Jomed the navy.

Acum nu trebuie sa-i cautam. > We needn't look for them now.

Nu sunt cunoscute inca toate faptele legate > All the j~ll'(.; about that \\'ar ale not
de acel razboi. yet kncJ\\ Jl

S-au facut pu,ine gre~eli tactice. > A fe\\ tactIcal mIstakes were made.

Nu-i lasa vorbeasca despre anne! > Let them not taik about wcapons'

S-au construit multe avioane In anii ~aptezeci. > In the 70s (Sl'\ cntles) a'lot oLmcraft \H're btult.

Te intereseaza aceste masuri? > Are you lI1terestcd 111 these meaSlil es'.)

"I had lost my own rifle and took Mark's."

30
RECAPITULAREA LECTIEI
•
32

32.1. Alte cazuri de folosire a genitivului saxon

Genitivul saxon se folose~te ~i inaintea substantivelor care exprima timpul ~i distanta, de

exemplu:

Did you hear last night's news? - Ai auzit ve~tile din seara trecuta?

There was a two hours' delay. - A fost 0 intarziere de doua ore.

The building was at a mile's distance - Cladirea era la 0 distanta de 0 mila

from our house. de casa noastra.

32.2. Cuvantul any ~i formele sale compuse

I. Adjectivul pronominal any se folosqte ~i in propozitii afirmative. In acest caz inseamna:

orice, oricare:

Any child knows the answer - Orice copil ~tie raspunsul

to that question. la intrebarea asta.

2. Formele compuse ce deriva de la any sunt:

anybody - oricine, oricare

anyone - oricine, oricare

anything - orice

anywhere - oriunde, in orice loc

Anybody can tell you that. - Oricine iti poate spune asta.

You can give it to anyone - Poti sa dai asta oricareia dintre

you meet there. persoanele eu care te intalne~ti aeolo.

Those people will do anything - Oamenii aceia vor face orice

for money. pentru bani.

You can put that chair anywhere. - Poti pune oriunde scaunul acela.

31
TEMA PENTRU ACASA 32

A. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitli in limba romana:

I. A lot of aircraft joined the battle.

2. Your ten minutes' speech was interesting.

3. Anybody can tell you about Jane.

4. Have you read yesterday's newspaper?

5. We met a lot of hostile people there.

6. I'm afraid it can be anywhere.

B. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii in limba engleza:

I. Razboiul a inceput dupa doi ani de pace.

2. Ne-am intors acasa infometatl dupa patru ore de plimbare.

3. Grice soldat cunoa~te aceste fapte.

4. Intreaba pe oricine!

5. Poti primi orice la micul dejun.

6. Voi lua orice carte imi vei imprumuta.

C. Alegeti raspunsul corect dintre cele trei variante ~i completati propozitiile urmatoare:

I. . .. can tell you where it is.

a. Anybody
b. None
c. Anything

2. After a ... travel we came to Madrid.

a. two days
b. two day's

c. two days'

3. The ... news is very good.

a. last week
b. last week's

c. last weeks'

32
VOCABULARUL LECTIILOR
, 31 SI
, 32

abstract > [EbstrEkt] - abstract

to be afraid of > [tu bi: afreld av] - a se teme de, a avea frica de

to agree > [tuagri.] - a accepta, a fi de acord,

a fi de aceea~i
parere

aircraft > [ea'kra:ft] - avion, avioane

aircraft carrier > [ea'kra:ft kEria'] - port-avion

air force > [ca' fo:' s] - foI1a aeriana

ally > [Elal] - aliat

ammunition > [Emluni~n] - munitie

anti-aircraft gun > [anti ea'kra:ft gan] - tun anti-aerian

any > [em J - orice, oncare

anybody > (enihodl] - oncme, oncare

anyone > [emUan] - oricine, oricare

anything > [eniT'm lgl ] - orice

anywhere > [eniUca'] - in orice loc, oriunde

to ann > [tua:'m] - a inarma, a se inarma

armoured > [a:'ma'dJ - blindat, armat

army > [a:'mi] - armata

atom-bomb > [Etam bom] - bomba atomica

attack > [atEk] - atac, asalt

to attack >[tuatEk] - a ataca, a asalta

battle > [bEtl] - batalie, lupta

to bomb > [tu bom] - a bombarda

bomber > [boma'] - borbardier, avion de

bombardament

to bring down > [tu brin(g) daunJ - a dobori (un avion etc.)

to carry > [tu kEri] - a duce, a transporta

cartridge > (ka:'tridJ] - cartU~

casualties > [kEjlllaltIz] - pierderi, victime

civilian > [51\ ilran] - civil

to complain > [IU kamplein] - a se plange, a reclama

33
complaint > [kampleint] - nemultumire, plfmgere,
reclamatie

concrete > [konkn:t] - concret, palpabil

to decide > [tu disaid] - a decide, a hoUiri

decisive > [dlsa/slv] - hotarator, decisiv

to defend > [tu dlfend] - a apara

defensive > [dlfenslv] - defenslv, de aparare

to destroy > [tu dlstro/] - a distruge, a darama

to disagree > [tu dlsagIi:] - a nu fi de acord, a nu accepta

enemy > [enaml] - du~man, inamic

fact > l fEkt] - fapt, intamplare

to fight > [tu fail] - a (se) lupta, a se bate cu

fighter > [fa/tar] - luptator, avion de vanatoare

to fire (at) > [tu fa/a'] - a trage (cu 0 anna)

hostile > [hostaJ!] - ostil; inamic

idea > [a/dia] - idee

incident > l insldant] - incident, intamplare

to be interested in >[tutll intrastld 111] - a (se) interesa de

jet > [dJet] - avion cu reaqle

to join > [tu dlOIl1] - a se uni, a se asocia

live > [la/v] - viu, intens

luggage > [lagldJJ - bagaj

matter > [mEta'J - chestiune, problema, treaba

to matter > [tu mEta'] - a conta, a avea importanta

measures > lmela' z] - masuri, dispozitii

military > [miiItan] - militar

mlssmg > lmisml~l] - disparut

mistake > [mlste/k] - gre~eala,eroare

mustn't > [masnt] - a nu avea voie, a nu fi pennis,

a fi interzis

naval >lnelvl] - naval, maritim

34
navy > [neivl] - flota maritima, marina militara

needn't > [ni:dnt] - nu trebuie, nu e cazul

to notice > [tu nalltis] - a observa, a baga In seama

nuclear > [nlU:klia'] - nuclear

object > [obdjlkt] - obiect, scop

objective > [abdJcktiv] - obiectiv, nepartinitor

peace > [pi:s] - pace

peaceful > [pi:sfal] - pa~nic, calm, lini~tit

presently > [prezantll] - imediat, indata -

to receive > [tu risi:v] - a primi, a lua

rifle > [raJtl] - pu~ca

to sink > [tu sin(glk] - a (se) scufunda

soldier > [sauld]a r ] - soldat

space > [speis] - spaliu, univers

space travel > [speJS trEvI] - calatorie in spaliu

submarine > [sabman:n] - submarin

to surrender > [tll sMcnda r ] - a capitula, a se preda

tactical > [tEktikl] - tactic

to take off > [tll telk of] - a decola, a-~i lua zborul

tank > [tEn(Clk] - tane

target > [ta:'git] - linta

trench > [trent~] - tran~eu

urgent > [a:'djant] - urgent

vulnerable (to) > [valnarabl] - vulnerabil

war > [U o :'] - razboi

weapon > [U epn ] - anna

35