Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
com
Chapter 2 Elements, Compounds, and Chemical Reactions
Multiple Choice
Section 2.1
1. How many atoms are there in one formula unit of NiSO47H2O?
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
9
14
27
28
33
Section 2.1
2. Which one of the statements below is true?
a. When two atoms combine, they do so in definite proportions by weight
b. When two different compounds combine to form an element, they do so in definite
proportions by weight
* c. When two different elements combine to form a compound, they do so in definite
proportions by weight
d. When two molecules combine, they do so in definite proportions by weight
e. When two different elements combine to form a mixture, they do so in definite
proportions by weight
Section 2.1
3. The relative number of atoms of each element in a particular compound
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
is always l:l
is the same as the density ratio
is the same as the weight ratio
is definite and constant
cannot be determined experimentally
Section 2.2
4. A naturally occurring element consists of three isotopes. The data on the isotopes:
isotope #1: 46.972 u, 69.472%
isotope #2: 48.961 u, 21.667%
isotope #3: 49.954 u, 8.8610%
What is the average atomic weight of this naturally occurring element?
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
47.667 u
47.699 u
48.629 u
48.667 u
48.961 u
Section 2.2
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
A naturally occurring element consists of three isotopes. The data on the isotopes:
isotope #1: 146.9672 u, 64.792%
isotope #2: 148.9638 u, 26.117%
isotope #3: 149.9592 u, 9.0910%
What is the average atomic weight of this naturally occurring element?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
49.254 u
147.76 u
148.63 u
148.67 u
147.80 u
Section 2.2
6. A naturally occurring element consists of three isotopes. The data on the isotopes:
isotope #1: 187.9122 u., 10.861%
isotope #2: 190.9047 u, 12.428%
isotope #3: 192.8938 u, 76.711%
What is the average atomic weight of this naturally occurring element?
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
64.035 u
190.57 u
190.67 u
192.08 u
192.11 u
Section 2.2
7. A naturally occurring element consists of three isotopes. The data on the isotopes:
isotope #1: 147.9554 u, 10.563%
isotope #2: 150.9496 u, 70.811%
isotope #3: 152.9461 u, 18.626%
What is the average atomic weight of this naturally occurring element?
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
50.335 u
150.62 u
150.67 u
151.01 u
151.08 u
Section 2.2
8. A naturally occurring element consists of two isotopes. The data on the isotopes:
isotope #1 68.5257 u 60.226 %
isotope #2 70.9429 u ?????? %
Calculate the average atomic mass of this element
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
69.728 u
69.743 u
69.934 u
69.972 u
70.141 u
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
Section 2.2
10. The atomic mass of naturally occurring nickel, which is a mixture of isotopes, is listed as 58.6934 u.
This means that the average mass for the individual nickel atoms is
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
Section 2.2
11. The atomic mass of naturally occurring silver, which is a mixture of two isotopes, is listed as 107.868
u. This means that
a. all silver atoms found in nature have a mass which is 107.868/12.000 times as great as that
of a 12C atom
b. all silver atoms found in nature have a mass which is 107.868/1.0079 times as great as that
of a 1H atom
c. some silver atoms found in nature have a mass which is 107.868/12.000 times as great as
that of a 12C atom
d. some silver atoms found in nature have a mass which is 107.868/1.0079 times as great as
that of a 1H atom
* e. no silver atoms found in nature have a mass which is 107.868/12.000 times as great as that
of a 12C atom
Section 2.2
12. The atomic mass of naturally occurring copper, which is a mixture of two isotopes, is listed as
63.546 u. This means that
a. all copper atoms found in nature have a mass which is 63.546/12.000 times as great as that
of a 12C atom
b. all copper atoms found in nature have a mass which is 63.546/1.0079 times as great as that
of a 1H atom
c. some copper atoms found in nature have a mass which is 63.546/12.000 times as great as
that of a 12C atom
d. some copper atoms found in nature have a mass which is 63.546/1.0079 times as great as
that of a 1H atom
* e. no copper atoms found in nature have a mass which is 63.546/12.000 times as great as
that
of a 12C atom
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
electrons
nuclei
photons
neutrons
protons
Section 2.2
17. Uranium exists in nature in the form of several isotopes; the different isotopes have different
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
atomic numbers
charges
numbers of electrons
numbers of neutrons
numbers of protons
Section 2.2
18. Which answer below best describes all atoms of a given isotope of a particular element?
a. they possess the same mass, only
b. they possess the same chemical properties and the same mass, but nothing else in
common
c. they possess the same atomic number and the same mass, but have nothing else in
common
d. they possess the same number of electrons, the same atomic number, the same
mass, but nothing else in common
* e. they possess the same number of electrons, the same atomic number, the same
mass, and the same chemical properties
Section 2.2
19. Which answer below best describes all atoms of a particular element?
a. they possess the same number of electrons, the same atomic number, the same
mass, but nothing else in common
b. they possess the same mass and the same chemical properties, but nothing else in
common
* c. they possess the same number of electrons, the same atomic number, the same
chemical properties, but not necessarily the same mass
d. they possess the same chemical properties and the same mass, but nothing else in
common
e. they possess the same atomic number and the same mass, but have nothing else in
common
52
24
Cr
55
25
Mn
24
12
45
21
51
23
Mg
Sc
V
Section 2.2
21. The species shown below which has 24 protons is
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
52
24
55
25
24
12
45
21
Cr
Mn
Mg
Sc
51
23
Section 2.2
22. The species,
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
51
23
50
23
45
21
55
25
52
24
59
27
Sc
Mn
Cr
Co
Section 2.2
23. Consider the atoms of
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
Mg and
27
13
number of electrons
mass
number of neutrons
atomic mass number
number of protons
Section 2.2
24. Consider the atoms of
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
Section 2.2
26
12
Co and
59
60
number of electrons
number of neutrons
atomic mass number
number of photons
number of protons
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
number of electrons
mass
number of neutrons
atomic mass number
number of protons
26
12
Mg and
27
13
Section 2.2
27. A neutral iodine atom has an atomic mass number = 131. Which description below fits this atom?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
Section 2.2
28. Which description below fits the
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
Cu atom?
Section 2.2
29. Which description below fits the
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
65
29
112
48
Cd atom?
Section 2.3
30. All of the following are alkali metals except
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
a. 17
b. 30
c. 60
d. 62
e. 64
Section 2.5
35. Which element exists as a diatomic molecule in the free state?
* a. H
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
He
Li
Be
B
Section 2.5
36. Which element exists as a diatomic molecule in the free state?
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
C
P
S
Br
Ni
Section 2.5
37. Which element exists as a diatomic molecule in the free state?
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
Mg
Mn
Si
As
Cl
Section 2.5
38. Which element exists as a diatomic molecule in the free state?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
C
N
Ga
Ge
P
Section 2.5
39. Which element exists as a diatomic molecule in the free state?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
He
F
Ne
Ar
Xe
Section 2.5
40. Which compound is correctly described as a hydrate?
a. CaH2
* b. MgSO47H2O
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
CoCl26H2O
HC2H3O2
NaOH
CaH2
C6H12O6
Section 2.6
42. One of the components of kerosene is an alkane with 16 carbon atoms. Which formula is an alkane?
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
C16H12
C16H22
C16H32
C16H34
C16H40
Section 2.6
43. Which compound is correctly classified as a hydrocarbon?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
C6H12O6
C8H16
HC2H3O2
NaHCl
C2H5OH
Section 2.6
44. The common name for the compound, CH4, is
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
carbon(IV) hydride
carbon tetrahydride
hydrocarbonate
methane
carbonic acid
Section 2.6
45. Which compound is not a hydrocarbon?
a. C6H12
b. C8H16
c. C2H6
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
4
5
6
7
8
Section 2.7
47. The number of atoms in one formula unit of C2H4(COOH)2 is
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
10
11
12
14
16
Section 2.7
48. The number of atoms in one formula unit of the substance CsSO45H2O is
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
4
17
21
23
33
Section 2.7
49. The number of atoms in one formula unit of the substance (NH4)3Co(CN)6 is
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
21
26
28
31
33
Section 2.7
50. How many atoms are there in one formula unit of (NH4)4Fe(CN)6?
a.
b.
c.
* d.
15
25
28
33
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
Section 2.7
52. When barium metal reacts with chlorine gas it forms an ionic compound, BaCl2. In the course of the
reaction, each Cl atom
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
Section 2.8
53. An alkaline earth element, which we will represent by the symbol X, unites with a halogen, which we
will represent by the symbol Q. What would be the formula of the resulting compound?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
XQ
XQ2
XQ4
X2Q
X4Q
Section 2.8
54. Aluminum unites with a second element, which we will represent by the symbol E, to form a
compound whose formula is AlE3. Element E is most probably
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
an actinide element.
an alkali metal.
a chalcogen.
a halogen.
a transition element.
Section 2.8
55. The formula for the compound formed between arsenic (As) and hydrogen is
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
AsH
As2H
AsH2
As3H
AsH3
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
SbH
SbH2
SbH3
SbH4
SbH5
Section 2.8
57. Which formula is incorrect because it does not represent a known ionic compound?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
BaCl2
Al2F3
Na2O
RbBr
CaO
Section 2.8
58. What is the formula for oxalate ion?
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
CO32C4O22C4O42C2O42C2H3O2-
Section 2.8
59. The formula for the compound formed from calcium ion and acetate ion is
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
CaC2H3O2
Ca2C2H3O2
Ca2(C2H3O2)4
Ca(C2H3O2) 2
Ca(C2H3O2) 3
Section 2.8
60. The formula for the compound formed from strontium ion and chromate ion is
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
SrCrO3
SrCrO4
Sr2CrO4
Sr(CrO4) 2
Sr2(CrO4) 3
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
PO42PO43PO4P2O4P2O42-
Section 2.8
62. The correct formula for carbonate ion is
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
C2H3O2C2O42CO2CO3CO32-
Section 2.8
63. One of the compounds below has its formula written incorrectly. Which one?
a.
b.
c.
* d.
Al(H2PO4)3
Al(HCO3)3
Ca(HCO3)2
KHPO4
Section 2.8
64. One of the compounds below has its formula written incorrectly. Which one?
* a.
b.
c.
d.
Al(H2CO3)3
Al(H2PO4)3
Ba(HCO3)2
KH2PO4
Section 2.9
65. What is the name for the compound IBr3?
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
bromic iodide
iodine bromate
iodine tribromide
iodine tribromine
monoiodine tribromite
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
disulfur chlorate
disulfur dichloride
disulfur dichlorine
sulfur(I) chloride
sulfur(II) chlorine(II)
Section 2.9
67. What is the name for the compound HI(g)?
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
hydriodic acid
hydrogen monoiodide
hydrogen iodide
iodic acid
monohydrogen monoiodide
Section 2.9
68. What is the name for the compound HCN(g)?
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
hydrocarbonitride
hydrocyanic acid
hydrogen carbonitride
hydrogen cyanate
hydrogen cyanide
Section 2.9
69. A typographical error on an exam produced the formula, P4Se7, in one of the questions. How would
you name this compound?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
tetraphosphorus hexaselenide
tetraphosphorus heptaselenide
phosphorus heptaselenite
phosphorus(IV) selenide
phosphorus(VII) selenide
Section 2.9
70. The name for the compound Al(SO4)3 is
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Section 2.9
71. Which is the name for the compound, V(NO3)3?
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
vanadium trinitrate
vanadium nitrite
vanadium(III) nitrite
vanadium nitrate
vanadium(III) nitrate
Section 2.9
72. Which is the name for the compound, Ba(NO3)2?
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
barium dinitrate
barium dinitrite
barium nitrate
barium(II) nitrite
barium(II) nitrate
Section 2.9
73. Which compound is correctly described as a hydride?
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
CoCl26H2O
HC2H3O2
NaOH
CaH2
C6H12O6
Section 2.9
74. What is the name for the compound V2O5? (Remember, for transition metals, the change on the ion is
indicated with a Roman numeral.)
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
divanadium pentoxide
vanadic oxide
vanadium(V) oxide
vanadium(V) pentoxide
vanadous oxide
Section 2.9
75. What is the name for the compound NaCl3?
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
sodium chlorate
sodium chlorite
sodium perchloride
sodium trichloride
There is no such compound.
Section 2.9
76. What is the name for the compound CuBr2? (Remember, for transition metals, the change on the ion
is indicated with a Roman numeral.)
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
copper(I) bromide(II)
copper(II) bromide
copper(II) bromite
copper dibromide
cuprous bromide
Section 2.9
77. What is the correct name for the compound Na2O?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
disodium oxide
sodium oxide
sodium(I) oxide
sodium peroxide
sodium superoxide
Section 2.9
78. Which is a correct name for the compound FeBr3?
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
ferrous bromide
iron(III) bromide
iron bromite
iron tribromide
iron tribromine
FeSO4
Fe(SO4)2
Fe2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3
Fe3(SO4)2
Section 2.9
80. Which is a correct name for the compound Hg2Cl2?
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
dimercury dichloride
mercuric chloride
mercury(I) chloride
mercury(II) dichloride
there is no correct name, the formula should be HgCl
HgPO4
Hg3PO4
Hg2PO3
(Hg2)3(PO4)2
cobalt fluoride
cobalt trifluoride
cobaltic fluoride
cobaltic trifluoride
cobaltous fluoride
Section 2.9
83. A correct name for SnF4 is
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
stannic tetrafluoride
stannous fluoride
stannous(IV) fluoride
tin(IV) fluoride
tin tetrafluoride
Section 2.9
84. The correct formula for stannous nitrate is
a.
* b.
c.
d.
e.
Sn(NO2)2
Sn(NO3)2
Sn(NO3)3
Sn(NO3)4
Sn2NO3
Section 2.9
85. What is the formula for magnesic chlorate?
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
MgClO3
Mg(ClO3)2
Mg2ClO3
MgO(ClO3)2
There is no such compound.
Section 2.9
86. What is the name for Na2Cr2O7?
a. sodium chromium(VII)-ate
* b. sodium dichromate
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
sodium bisulfite
sodium disulfur trioxide
sodium oxosulfate(IV)
sodium thiosulfate
sodium trioxosulfite
Section 2.9
88. If the NtO42- ion is called nortonate, what is the correct name for the compound K2NtO4?
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
Section 2.9
89. What is the name for Cu2SO3?
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
copper(I) sulfite
copper(II) sulfite
copper thiosulfate
cuprous sulfate
dicopper sulfur trioxide
Section 2.9
90. What is the name for the C2H3O2- ion?
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
acetate ion
hydrocarbonate ion
monocarbonate ion
oxalate ion
sucrose ion
Section 2.9
91. What is a correct name for the HCrO4- ion?
* a. hydrogen chromate ion
b. dichromate ion
c. hydrogen chromium tetraoxide ion
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
potassium bichromite
potassium bichromate
potassium dichromic acid
potassium monohydrogen chromite
potassium monohydrogen dichromate
Section 2.9
93. What is the name for LiHPO4?
a.
b.
c.
d.
* e.
Section 2.9
94. What is the name for Li2HPO4?
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Section 2.9
95. What is the name for CuHSO4?
* a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
1+
12+
23-
Section 2.8
120.Two elements, Qr and Z, combine to form an ionic compound containing simple ions whose formula
is Qr2Z3. Calcium also combines with element Z to form an ionic compound containing simple ions
whose formula is CaZ. Qr combines with a third element, E, to form an ionic compound containing
simple ions whose formula is QrE3. Based on this information, what is a reasonable formula for the
compound formed when magnesium combines with element E to form a simple ionic compound?
(Assume that Qr has the same charge in both compounds.)
a.
b.
* c.
d.
e.
MgE
Mg2E
MgE2
Mg2E3
Mg3E2
Section 2.9
121.Vitellium phosphate has the formula, Vi3(PO4)2, while sodium nortonate has the formula, Na2NtO4.
Which of the following would be the expected formula for vitellium nortonate? (Imaginary elements
are used in this question.)
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
ViNtO4
Vi2NtO4
Vi(NtO4)2
Vi2(NtO4)3
Vi3(NtO4)2
Section 2.9
122.Engrium sulfate has the formula, En2(SO4)3, while sodium nortonite has the formula Na2NtO3. Based
on these names and formulas, what would you expect for the formula of engrium nortonate?
(Imaginary elements are used in this question.)
a.
b.
c.
* d.
e.
EnNtO4
En2NtO4
En(NtO4)2
En2(NtO4)3
En3(NtO4)2
Short Answer
123. The reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen to give ammonia is called the Haber Process. The balanced
chemical equation is given below:
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
Rationalize this reaction in terms of Dalton's Atomic Theory.
(Essentially, elements combine in fixed, numerical ratios. This can be seen in the formula of ammonia,
NH3).
124. Describe what the subatomic components of an atom are, and how they interact to form an atom.
(The subatomic components are positively charged protons, negatively charged electrons, and neutral
neutrons. The protons and neutrons form the center of the atom, known as the nucleus, while the
electrons "orbit" the nucleus.)
125. What are the primary differences between metals and nonmetals? How do metalloids fill the gaps
between metals and nonmetals?
(Metals are conductive, malleable, and ductile solids. Nonmetals tend to be brittle and nonconductive,
and can also exist as gases in the natural states. Metalloids have properties between those of metals and
nonmetals.)
126. What are the characteristics of ionic compounds? What are they composed of?
(Ionic compounds are composed of positively charged cations interacting with negatively charged anions.
The positive and negative ions tend to be metals and nonmetals, respectively. The compounds tend to be
brittle and poor conductors of electricity as solids, but they can conduct electricity in aqueous solutions
or when melted.)
download full file at http://testbankcafe.com
W (26.32%),
182
W (14.31%),
183
W (30.67%), and
184
((0.2632 x 182) + (0.1431 x 183) + (0.3067 x 184) + (0.2862 x 186) = 184 g/mol.)
186