SEMESTER KHAS 2015/2016

PENGAJIAN MORAL

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

PIRAVIENDRAN A/L RAJENDRAN

AA151315
971026-01-6409

PROF MADYA DR.HUSSAIN OTHMAN

From the video number 28, I got know about who are really engineers. Engineering being
one of a good paid occupation in most of countries Engineering is the profession in which
knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences gained by study experiences and practice is
applied with judgement to develop ways to utilize and forces of nature benefit of mankind.What
is profession? Profession are lawyer, doctor, physician, engineer and etc. While non-profession
are plumber, fashion model, sales clerk and others. What are the characteristics of professions?
Profession have special knowledge and intellectual skills. They also have critize by their formal
education, often graduate degree. On their other hand,there is also community sanction,
accreditation(educational profession) and licensing for like social workers Not only that, there is
also professional associations in engineering like AIAA,AICHE,ASCE,ASME AND IEEE.
Actually, engineering is a profession but many of us have a view that engineering is an
occupation. Professionals have clients and not customers. Customer is who a person that
purchases goods or services from another person or company. Clients must trust professionals
and profession serves a public good. They are actually serving the people who needs the help.
Finally, as for engineering they have special obligation and responsibilities to ensure the safety
of peoples around.
Based on the video 29, I learned that the video describes about the ethics and the
responsible engineer. They have special responsibilities of professional nature. The first situation
in which you are an engineer at International Programmable Machines(IPM), who sells parts to
IPM and other companies. The engineers might think the problem is not their responsibilities but
it is actually theirs. They are responsible towards the safety of peoples. . As a role, a software
engineer developed and tested the control programme but overlooked errors. Legally, the
manufacturer was liable for damages and morally unlike others,those can be shared. Hence,
engineers are morally responsible for safety. For example, engineers should hold concentration
for safety. There have three different kinds of personal responsibility. First is casual that means
operators keyboard entries caused the overdoeses. Second is role that means a software engineer
developed and tested the control programme but overlooked errors. Third is legal that means the
manufacturer was liable for damages and morally unlike others,those can be shared. Hence,
engineers are morally responsible for safety. For example, engineers should hold concentration
for safety.When you see an unsafe object or you practice it you are likely to be an nonprofessional as an engineer. The public needs are alwys fulfill by engineers. As a conclusion,

responsibilities in every each of engineers make peoples life to be in a bed of roses for a long
term.

From the video 30, I can conclude that William Le Messurier designed the structure for
the Citicorp Center, Sky Scraper in New York City at 1970. . The Citicorp Center is one of the
gigantic buildings in Manhattan. In June 1978, a question from an engineering student lid him to
measure his designs again. In his new calculation, it is showed that under some wind conditions
the force is that the braces had to withstand 40% larger than his original calculations had shown.
Even with the extra stretches, the building would be strong enough to stand the expected loads.
He also learnt that the welding and super structure is replaced with bolded joins. This
replacement has been approved by other engineers from his firm. William Le Messuier took full
responsibilities for reinforcing the structure. He calculated that the building would fall down in a
16- year storm. He determined that the welding steel plates over 200 joins would secure the
building. He worked with Citicorp to organize repairs over two months. Litigation settle for
limitation Le Messuiers professional liability insurance. It is now the strongest structure in New
York. From this we should understand that engineers take personal responsibilities for a project
or a programme even when it has been delivered and even after the work is officially finished for
good.
Based on the video 31, I have concluded that the codes of ethics . It most probably a must
look over by a professional engineer. All engineering organization have their codes of ethics,
where Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology. The National Council of Examiners
for Engineering and Surveying and National Society of Professional Engineers do have codes of
ethics. There are also have disciplinary engineering socities. Such as, American Society of Civil
Engineers, American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Moreover, the different codes serve
different purposes. The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering has an aspirational code
that conveys about the highest idea of the professional. Association for Computing Machinery
has educational codes. IEEE codes of ethics, states to accept responsibility in making decision
consistent with the safety, health and welfare of the public. Furthermore, they agree to avoid real

or perceived conflicts of interest whenever possible, and to disclose them to affected parties
when they do exist. Next, they should be honest and realistic in stating claims or estimates based
on available data. The forth code is to reject bribery in all its forms. Fifth, they also improve the
understanding of technology, its application and potential consequences. The sixth code is to
maintain and improve our technical competence and undertake technological tasks only if
qualified by training.
Based on the video 32, I have conclude that illustrates about the NSPE code and the
BER, whereby it serves licensed professional engineers and they are much more in detailed. It
has four sections, preamble, fundamental canons, rules of practice and professional obligations.
As a preamble, engineering is an important and learned profession. Engineering has a direct and
vital impact on the qualityof life for all people. Engineers also must perform under standard of
professional behavior. Next in rules of practice engineers shall not affix their signatures to any
plans or document dealing with subject matter in which they had lack of confidence. Engineers
also shall not disclose, without consent, confidential information concerning the business affairs
or technical processes. Moreover, engineers, before undertaking work for others in connection
which the engineers may make improvements, plans, designs, inventions, or other records that
may justify copyrights or patents should enter into a positive agreement. The BER were consists
of 7 experts and opinions based on interpreting provisions of NSPE Codes of Ethics.
Based on the video 33, I can conclude that ethics is the formal study of morality whereas
morality consists of those actions that ought to be done, character that a person ought to be and
values that one ought adopt. Ethics is a formal study of morality and moral standards of
particular group such as engineering ethics, medical ethics and etc. Consequentialist theories
emphasis consequences of actions. Besides, consequentialist theories assess good and bad
consequences. Another would be rule-utilitarianism which is that keeping promises is better as a
general rule. Consequentalist theories have practical difficulties such as assessing chance
occurrences, measuring on common scale distribution of benefits may seem unfair.
Based on the video 34, it is about etics in research. Ethics in research we think research
misconduct are things that go badly wrong. Bad practices such as fabrication or creating research

data illegitimately. Next, falsification which is altering that data in inappropriately. The third one
is plagiarism which means presenting the words and ideas of others without attribution. After
that, the video also showed on the questions about authorship and citation. In engineering
research usually there are many people participate in the research. Besides, authorship order can
be arranged with the first author is the person who did the most work and then other authors
follow.
Based on the video 35, I would conclude that the video is about Toyota Unintended
Acceleration. News reporter said few accidents happened due to the stuck of accelerator and
defective of the break function. The manager are said to be withholding information from the
public. CEO of Toyota Motor Sales is trying to shirk responsibility by claiming Electronic
throttle control system (ETCS) of Toyotas vehicle werent the cause of unintended acceleration
of the vehicle. Toyota itself said that its own EDR was unreliable but then all of a sudden the
company recanted. Engineering has a direct and vital impact on the quality of life for all people.
Accordingly, the services provided by engineers requires honesty, fairness and equity, and must
be under a standard of professional behavior that requires adherence to the highest principles of
ethical conduct. From this video, I learnt that engineers should be honest and take responsible on
their actions and what have they done for public.