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(3.1.1)
For 0<t<tm. The transmitted base band signal is given by
(3.1.2)
2. Frank-coded signals
3. P3 codes
These
4. P4 codes
5. Costas-coded signal
6. Stepped frequency codes
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(3.2.1.1)
Where i=1, 2,, N and j=1, 2,, N. Each element of the
Frank code is tb seconds long. The phases of the Frank
code may be generated for transmission by multiplying
the elements of the given matrix.
|(,)|
0.5
0
15
10
10
0
5
-10
*Mtb
/tb
3.2.2. P3 Code
This code is derived by converting a linear-frequency
modulation waveform to base band using a local
oscillator on one end of the frequency sweep and
sampling the I and Q video at the Nyquist rate. The
phases of successive samples are given by
(3.2.2.1)
(3.2.1.2)
|(, )|
0.5
0
15
10
10
0
*Mtb
-10
0
/tb
2015, IRJET
Page 723
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3.2.3. P4 Code
The P4 code is conceptually derived from the same
waveform as the P3 code. The phase values are given by
the equation
(3.2.3.1
)1)
Figure 3.2.3.1 showing the phase history of P4 code for
the length N=16, and figure 3.2.3.2 shows the ambiguity
function of P4 code for the sequence length N=16.
|(, )|
0.5
10
10
0
*Mtb
-10
0
|(, )|
0
15
0.5
/tb
15
5
10
0
*Mtb
-5
/tb
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cosine
Cumulant
operator
Adaptive
Envelope
detector
LPI signal
generator
sine
X=I-jQ
Cumulant
operator
Frequency
time plot
Threshold
Morphology
processing
Output
image
binarization
Q
Filter bank
a signal. They can also be used to program an electronic attack. Many techniques
have evolved lately for detecting and analyzing LPI signals. Most of these
techniques are centered on time-frequency analysis which has many advantages over
2015,
IRJET
Page 725
other
periodogram techniques. ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
This paper investigates a signal processing architecture based on the use of
parallel filter arrays and HOS. A block diagram of this time-frequency approach is
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Time
Time
Frequency
Time
Time
Time
Frequency
5.1(a)
Frequency
Time
Frequency
P4
Frequency
Frequency
COSTAS
Frequency
FRANK
Frequency
FMCW
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Time
5.1(b)
Time
Figure 5.1 (a) Output of the HOS filter (b) Output after applying Binarization and Morphological operations for SNR=0dB
FRANK
COSTAS
Time
Frequency
Time
Frequency
Frequency
Time
Time
5.2(a)
Frequency
Time
Frequency
Time
P4
Frequency
Frequency
Frequency
FMCW
Time
Time
5.2(b)
Figure 5.2 (a) Output of the HOS filter (b) Output after applying Binarization and Morphological operations for SNR= -3dB
2015, IRJET
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6. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
2015, IRJET
Page 727