Low Vs High Impedance Relay

AC Exciter Transfer Functions
Page 1 of 9

IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System #1 (AC1A)
IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System with Digital Control #1 (AC7B)
As indicated previously, each of the exciter models have a unique transfer function. The schematic diagram of each is given
below.
Where,
Output of terminal voltage transducer and load compensation
elements [p.u.]
Voltage regulator reference (determined to satisfy initial conditions)
[p.u.]
Combined power system stabilizer and possibly discontinuous
control output after any limits or switching, as summed with
terminal voltage and reference signals [p.u.]
Excitation system stabilizer output [p.u.]
Maximum and minimum regulator output limits [p.u.]
Voltage regulator gain [p.u.]
Voltage regulator time constants [s]
Under-excitation limiter output [p.u.]
Over-excitation limiter output [p.u.]
Voltage regulator output [p.u.]
Signal proportional to exciter field current [p.u.]
Exciter time constant, integration rate associated with exciter
control [s]
Exciter voltage back of commutating reactance [p.u.]
mk:@MSITStore:C:\Program%20Files\PSCAD420Eval\help\ol-help.chm::/Master_Librar... 9/15/2015
Page 2 of 9
Exciter constant related to self-excited field [p.u.]

Demagnetizing factor, a function of exciter alternator reactance
[p.u.]
Excitation control system stabilizer gain [p.u.]
Signal proportional to exciter saturation [p.u.]
Exciter saturation function value at the corresponding exciter
voltage, V , back of commutation reactance [p.u.]
E
Rectifier loading factor proportional to commutation reactance
[p.u.]
Synchronous machine field current [p.u.]
Normalized exciter load current [p.u.]
Rectifier loading factor, a function of I
[p.u.]
Exciter output voltage [p.u.]
Where,
elements [p.u.]
[p.u.]
Second stage regulator gain [p.u.]
Exciter field current feedback gain [p.u.]
Over-excitation limiter output [p.u.]
Page 3 of 9

control [s]
[p.u.]
E
[p.u.]
[p.u.]
Where,
elements [p.u.]
[p.u.]
Page 4 of 9

Exciter field current feedback gain [p.u.]
Exciter field current feedback signal [p.u.]
control [s]
Exciter field current limit [p.u.]
Constant associated with regulator and alternator field power
supply [p.u.]
[p.u.]
E
[p.u.]
[p.u.]
N
at which feedback gain changes [p.u.]
Value of E
FD
Where,
elements [p.u.]
Page 5 of 9
[p.u.]
Upper and lower limit on error signal [p.u.]
Rectifier loading factor proportional to commutation reactance [p.u.]
Where,
elements [p.u.]
[p.u.]
Voltage regulator time constant [s]
Excitation control system stabilizer time constants [s]
Exciter time constant, integration rate associated with exciter control
[s]
Page 6 of 9
voltage, E
[p.u.]
FD
Where,
elements [p.u.]
[p.u.]
Synchronous machine terminal voltage [p.u.]
Exciter field current limit reference [p.u.]
Exciter field current limiter gain [p.u.]
Exciter field current feedback signal [p.u.]
Exciter field current limiter time constants [p.u.]
control [s]
[p.u.]
Page 7 of 9

E
[p.u.]
[p.u.]
Where,
elements [p.u.]
[p.u.]
Regulator proportional gain [p.u.]
Regulator integral gain [p.u.]
Inner PI proportional gain [p.u.]
Inner PI integral gain [p.u.]
Synchronous machine terminal voltage [p.u.]
Potential circuit gain coefficient [p.u.]
Lower limit multiplying constant [p.u.]
Page 8 of 9

control [s]
[p.u.]
E
[p.u.]
[p.u.]
Where,
elements [p.u.]
[p.u.]
Potential circuit gain coefficients [p.u.]
[p.u.]
PID derivative time constant [s]
Voltage regulator time constant [s]
Page 9 of 9

Exciter time constant, integration rate associated with exciter control
[s]
voltage, E
[p.u.]
FD

Low Vs High Impedance Relay

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Low Vs High Impedance Relay

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AC Exciter Transfer Functions

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System #1 (AC1A)

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

Exciter constant related to self-excited field [p.u.]

Exciter output voltage [p.u.]

IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System #2 (AC2A)

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

Signal proportional to exciter field current [p.u.]

Exciter output voltage [p.u.]

IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System #3 (AC3A)

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

Excitation system stabilizer output [p.u.]

IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System #4 (AC4A)

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System #5 (AC5A)

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

IEEE Alternator Supplied Rectifier Excitation System #6 (AC6A)

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

Signal proportional to exciter saturation [p.u.]

Exciter output voltage [p.u.]

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

Signal proportional to exciter field current [p.u.]

Exciter output voltage [p.u.]

AC Exciter Transfer Functions

Voltage regulator output [p.u.]

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