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Individual Approach
Area Approach
Different Approaches of Crop Insurance in India, Types of Crop Insurance in India. In 1976, an
expert committee headed by V M Dandekar looked into issues and modalities of crop insurance in
India (Dandekar, 1976) and revisited the Dharam Narain Committees views(Vyas & Singh, 2006). In
the report, the committee was of the view that individual approach was the ideal approach. Now you
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Individual Approach
Advantages of Individual Approach
1) The farmers can get indemnity based on their normal output for the last few years
2) In case of area approach if there is bad crop all the farmers in the particular area are to be paid
the amount of indemnity but here only the farmers who have output less than normal output are paid
by the indemnity
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Disadvantages of Individual Approach
1) It is a more costly approach as normal output, amount of premium and indemnity of each farmer
has to be assessed separately.
2) Large amount of statistical data for each farmer is required for actuarial calculations, which may
not be available.
On the basis of the recommendations of the Dandekar Committee Report the Pilot Crop Insurance
Scheme (PCIS) was put in place in 1979-80 which was based on homogeneous Area Approach (see
Box 2). From the actuarial standpoint, a crop insurance scheme based on the Area Approach is a fair
betting system based on an independent chance-system (Dandekar, 1976).
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Area Approach
(i) It will be an expensive scheme to implement as many weather stations are to be set up so that
accurate weather data is available.
(ii) Cultivators participating in this type of insurance cannot participate in any other insurance
schemes, so if loss is occurring due to any factor other than weather conditions it will not be covered
under this insurance.