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Scope

OIL TRANSFORMER

Oil Type transformers are considered a potential fire and safety hazard. Oil
Type transformers require the development and maintenance of reliable
fire safety and extinction procedures.Oil Type transformers may require
periodic sampling of the oil and more exhaustive maintenance
procedures.

Definition
A transformer having its core and coils immersed in an insulating oil such
as mineral oil. A transformer of which the magnetic circuit and windings
are immersed in oil.
Types of Transformer Oil
Generally there are two types of transformer Oil used in transformer,
1. Paraffin based transformer oil
2. Naphtha based transformer oil
Naphtha oil is more easily oxidized than Paraffin oil. But oxidation product
i.e. sludge in the naphtha oil is more soluble than Paraffin oil. Thus sludge
of naphtha based oil is not precipitated in bottom of the transformer.
Hence it does not obstruct convection circulation of the oil, means it does
not disturb the transformer cooling system. But in the case of Paraffin oil
although oxidation rate is lower than that of Naphtha oil but the oxidation
product or sludge is insoluble and precipitated at bottom of the tank and
obstruct the transformer cooling system. Although Paraffin based oil has
above mentioned disadvantage but still in our country it is generally used
because of its easy availability. Another problem with paraffin based oil is
its high pour point due to the wax content, but this does not effect its use
due to warm climate condition of India.

Design
Federal Transformers develops the designs using
fully computerized techniques. All drawings are
prepared on computers using CAD software.
Extensive analysis by an iterative computer
programme is used to obtain optimal designs which
meet the requirements of the customer
specifications and the relevant standards.

Core
High permeability cold rolled grain oriented silicon
steel is used for core manufacture. Step lap cut core
construction is achieved by using fully CNC
controlled high performance cutting lines.
The step lap core design:
Reduces no load loss
Reduces excitation current
Reduces noise level
Windings
LV windings are either made of copper foil or paper
insulated rectangular copper conductor on a
computer controlled foil winding machine or spiral
winding. HV windings of distribution transformers
are layer disc windings made on a sophisticated
machine. The layer design gives uniform impulse
distribution and gives high strength against surges.
Thermally upgraded epoxy dotted paper is used for
interlayer insulation. HV windings of power
transformers are continuous disc windings.
Tanks
Corrugated fin wall tanks or pressed steel radiator type
tanks are offered as per requirements. The tanks are
first sand/shot blasted and a zinc rich primer coat is
applied. This is followed by an undercoat and a finish
coat of the required colour. All tanks are tested for
leaks prior to assembly of the transformer.
Processing
The core and winding assembly is dried under vacuum
in order to remove the moisture from the insulation and
then impregnated with transformer oil. The transformer
is then filled with oil under vacuum.

Terminations and Connections

A variety of terminations and connections are
offered, including:
H.V. Bare Bushing / Cable Box Bushing
L.V. Bare Bushing / Cable Box Bushing
Cover Mounted / Side Mounted Bushing /
Plug-In Type Bushing / Top Mounted
Bushing Fitting and Accessories
Rating Plate
Cooling Fin / Radiator
Lifting Lugs
Off Circuit Tap Switch
Underbase
Earthing Terminals
Thermometer Pocket
Drain Valve
Oil Filling Hole with Cap
Oil Level Gauge
Pressure Relief Device (for sealed type)
Conservator with Breather (for breathing type)
Optional Accessories

Jacking Pads
Uni / Bi-directional Rollers
Buchholz Relay
Oil Temperature Indicator with Contacts
Winding Temperature Indicator with Contacts
Current Transformers
Marshalling Box
On Load Tap Changer (as per requirement)
Sudden Pressure Relay
Pressure Vacuum Bleeder
Hermetic Protection Device

Uses
Oil transformer is cheaper in the outside industrial area.