CHAPTER: 2 CELL THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE

WHAT IS CELL?
1.

Living things are made up of ____________________.

2.

The basic unit that makes up living things is the ________________.

3.

A cell is also the basic unit that can carry out all _______________________. Cell carry out chemical
reactions to keep alive. Cell is reproduced by cell division.

4.

Cell are ______________________ and can only be seen with the help of a ____________________.

5.

In 1665, a scientist named ______________________________ studied some cork through a

microscope. He saw cork cell look like small rooms (cell).

Microscope
1.

Microscope is used to help us to look at _________________________ or objects not visible to naked

eyes.

2.

Parts of microscope:

Parts
arm
base
body tube
coarse focus knob
diaphragm
eyepiece
fine focus knob
high-power objective
low-power objective
mirror (or light source)
revolving nosepiece
stage
stage clips
3.

Function
-this attaches the eyepiece and body tube to the base.
- this supports the microscope.
- the tube that supports the eyepiece.
- a knob that makes large adjustments to the focus.
- allowing different amounts of light onto the stage.
- where you place your eye.
- a knob that makes small adjustments to the focus
- a large lens with high magnifying power.
- a small lens with low magnifying power.
- this directs light upwards onto the slide.
- the rotating device that holds the objectives (lenses).
the platform on which a slide is placed.
- metal clips that hold a slide securely onto the stage.

Using a microscope:
i)

Place microscope on a ____________________ surface.

ii)

Turn to use low power objective ________________ first.

iii)

Raise the stage to the _____________ position.

iv)

Look through _____________________. Adjust diaphragm for maximum light.

v)

Place slide with specimen and _____________.

vi)

Turn _______________________________ clockwise until objective lens almost touches the

slide.

vii)

Look through eyepiece, turn coarse focus knob anticlockwise until a clear _______________ is
seen.

viii)

Turn _______________________________ to obtain a sharp image.

Low
flat

eyepiece
fine focus knob
highest
clip

coarse focus knob

image

Cell Structures and Functions

Animal cell

Structures

Description

Functions

(draw and label)

Plant cell

Structures

Description

Functions

(draw and label)

Animal and Plant Cell Comparison

Differences
Description
Cell shape

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Arrangement
Cell Wall
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Similarities
1. Basic unit for plants and animals.
2. Both have _________________________, ___________________ and______________________.
3. Function: Carry out life processes.
UNICELLEULAR AND MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS

1.
2.

Living things are also called ________________________________.

3.

_______________________________ are made up of one cell. Unicellular organism are very

___________________. We can only see them by using a microscope.

4.

Examples of unicellular organisms:

UnicellularMicoorganism :

MulticellularMicoorganism

1.

Micro organism move by using cilia, flagellum and psedopodlum

2.

Multicellular organisms are made up of more than ______________ cell.

3.

Organism that cannot be seen by naked eyes are called _____________________. Unicellular
microorganism are made up of only one cell. Some microorganisms are multicellular organisms.

CELLS IN THE HUMAN BODY

The human body is made up of many types of cells.

1. It is _______________________ for us to have ____________________ types of cells in our body.
2. Different types of cells in our body have specific _____________ and size.
3. These make it easy for the cells to function ___________________.
4. These cells are important because we need them to ___________________.
Live

different

shape

important

ORGANISATION OF CELLS

effectively

ORGANISM
SYSTEM
ORGAN
TISSUE
CELL

SIMPLE

COMPLEX

1. The cell is the basic unit of living things. Example of human cells are muscle cells and bone cells.
2. Tissue are group of ______________ with an identical structure performing a particular function.

3. An ____________ consist of different tissues groped together to perform a particular function. Example of
an organ is brain.
4. A system consists of a number of _______________ which act together to perform a set of related
functions. An example of a system is digestive system.
5. Humans are called organism because we can do special things in order to live.
6.

The systems of human body and their functions:

System

Function

Digestive system
Nervous system
Respiratory system
Reproductive system
Blood circulatory
system
Skeletal system
Excretory system
Muscular system
Lymphatic system
Endocrine system