Module 2 Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems and Networks

Sector:
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

Qualification:
COMPUTER HARDWARE SEVICING NC II

Unit of Competency:
DIAGNOSE AND TROUBLESHOOT COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Module Title:
DIAGNOSING AND TROUBLESHOOTING COMPUTER SYSTEMS
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Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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Technical Education and Skills Development

Authority
SOUTHERN ISABELA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND TRADES
Santiago City
SUMMARY OF COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
No.
Unit of Competency
Module Title
Code
1.
Install computer systems and

networks
Installing computer
systems and networks
ELC724318
2.
Diagnose and Troubleshoot

Computer Systems
Diagnosing and
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
ELC72431
9
3.
Configure computer systems

and networks
Configuring computer
ELC724320
4.
Maintain computer systems

and networks
Maintaining computer
ELC724321
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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Issued by:
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Welcome to the Module Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer
Systems. This module contains training materials and activities for you to
complete.
The unit of competency Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer
Systems contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a Computer
Hardware Servicing NC II course.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order
to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning
outcome there are Information Sheets, Operation Sheets, and Activity
Sheets. Follow these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at
the end of each learning activity.
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Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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If you have questions, dont hesitate to ask your trainer for assistance.
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some of the knowledge and skills covered in this
module because you have:
o been working for some time
o already have completed training in this area.
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a
particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally
recognized so you dont have to do he same training again. If you have a
qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings show it to
your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant to this
module, they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If
you are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss it with your
trainer.
After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your
competency. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency
profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to complete at your
own pace.
Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete
followed by relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each
learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.
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Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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MODULE CONTENT
COMPETENCY
COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC
SUMMARYQUALIFICATION II
UNIT OF COMPETENCY
MODULE TITLE
Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer

Systems
Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Computer
Systems
INTRODUCTION:
This unit covers the outcomes required in Diagnosing and Troubleshooting
Computer Systems.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Plan and prepare for diagnosis of faults of computer systems
2. Diagnose faults of computer systems
3. Repair defects in computer systems and networks
4. Test systems and networks
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Faults and error of computer system properly determined.
2. Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance with its uses and
functions.
3. Safety precautions established in accordance with workplace procedures.
4. Components or parts of computer system clearly identified
5. Functions of the computer systems explained
6. Faults and failures of the computer systems diagnosed base on the job
requirements
7. Defective components properly replaced and corrected
8. Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line with standard
procedures
9. Defective components identified and separated to other components
10. Computer systems and networks are tested in accordance with the job
requirements
11. Information are shared from one computer to another as primary
requirement in computer networking
12. Reports are prepared and completed according to the company
requirements
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Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Computer Systems
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PREREQUISITE: PC OPERATION
TECHNICAL TERMS
Fuse Protective device against power surges

Firmware- is a combination of hardware and software, it is a program
integrated on a chip.
Defrag- process of reorganizing and rewriting files.
Form factor - a standard size and shape of computer subsystem
People ware the persons using the computer in the goal of
finding solutions to a better and improved daily life. These can range
from the basic word-processing to the more advanced system
programming.
Hardware - the physical and tangible component of electronic data
processing. These are the monitors, keyboard, mouse, all
input/output devices, as well as internal memory system.
Software - the intangible element composed of programs that instruct
computers what to do.
Electricity - a form of energy comprising certain charge particles, such
as electrons and protons.
Power
- is the rate in which electric energy is fed or taken from a
device measured in watts.
Voltage - is the term used to designate electric pressure that exists
between two points.
PPE - Personal Protective Equipment
BOOT - is the process of turning on the computer unit.
CMOS - Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-conductor
BIOS - Basic Input/Output System
DOS - Disk Operating System
ROM - Read Only Memory
POST - Power On Self Test
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
UTP cable Unshielded Twisted Pair cable
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
VGA Video Graphic Adapter
USB Universal Serial Bus
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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CPU Central Processing Unit

OHS Occupational Health and Safety
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
CRT Cathode Ray Tube
RAM Random Access Memory
DIMM Double In-line Memory Module
I/O Input/output
LEARNING
OUTCOME #1
Plan and prepare for diagnosis of faults of computer

systems
CONTENTS:
Different types of computer systems error.
Software as tools for diagnosing computer systems.
Hand tools and its uses.
Procedures in diagnosing computer systems
Safety precautions
1. Faults and error of computer system properly determined.
2. Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance with its uses and functions.
3. Safety precautions established in accordance with workplace procedures.
CONDITION:
Trainees must be provided with the following:
1. WORKPLACE LOCATION
2. EQUIPMENT
3. Tools
Screw drivers (assorted)
Pliers (assorted)
Soldering iron
Wrenches
Utility software
4. Policies and procedures:
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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Procedures and guidelines

Safety precautions
EVALUATION METHOD:
1. Hands-on
2. Direct observation
3. Practical demonstration
LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 1
Plan and prepare for diagnosis of faults of computer systems
Learning Activities
Special Instructions
1. Read information sheet
If you have some problem on the content
2.1-1 Different types of of the information sheet dont hesitate to
computer systems error. approach your facilitator.
If you
feel
that
you
are now
knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now answer
self check provided in the module.
2. Answer self-check 2.1-1 Compare your answer to the answer key
2.1-1. If you got 100% correct answer in
this self-check, you can now move to the
next information sheet. If not review the
information sheet and go over the selfcheck again.
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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2.1-2 Plan and

Preparing Diagnostic
Procedure
4. Answer self-check 2.1-2
5. Do Task Sheet 2.1-1

Diagnostic Plan

2.1-3 Tools for Testing
Computer System

2.1-4 Common Windows
XP Diagnostic Utilities &
Tools

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of the information sheet dont hesitate to

approach your facilitator.
If you
feel
that
you
are now
Job Sheet provided in the module.
Compare your answer to the answer key
this self-check, you can now perform
task sheet 2.1-1. If not review the
Compare your work to the Performance
Checklist. If you got 100% correct answer
in this task, you can now move to the
information sheet and go over the task
again.
If you
feel
that
you
are now
self check provided in the module.
If you
feel
that
you
are now
Job Sheet provided in the module.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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10. Do Job Sheet 2.1-1

Perform Disk Error Check

Compare your work to the Performance
Checklist. If you got 100% correct answer
in this task, you can now move to the
next Learning Outcome. If not review the
information sheet and go over the task
again.
INFORMATION SHEET 2.1.1

Different Types of Computer System Errors
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify
Different Types of Computer System Errors.
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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as your computer ever stopped working for no apparent reason? The

frustration brought on by technological advancements can cause any
sane person to yank the plug right out of the wall. Luckily, there's a better
way. Learn what to do when your computer freezes, facts about different
kinds of computer failure, the various ways to restart Macs and PCs, and
how to prevent future freezes.
Types of computer failures
The three main types of computer failures are system errors, freezing,
and applications quitting. Simply put, Mac system errors warn you with
the dreaded bomb Alert box.
1. A system error occurs when there is a conflict between the operating
system and one or more applications, like Microsoft Word or Internet
Explorer.
2. The next type of computer failure is freezing, also known as crashing
or hanging. In this case, the computer locks up and the mouse and
keyboard become useless accessories. Freezing exists both at the
individual program level and on a system wide basis.
3. An application suddenly quitting is the third type of computer failure
and probably the most common. This means that only one program
is effected rather than the whole system. All three types of computer
failures are frustrating if you do not know what to do, but by
following these steps you will learn how to properly unfreeze your
computer.
How to restart a PC
fter any common computer failure follow these steps. Simultaneously
hold down the Control key, the Alt key, and the Delete key. A dialogue
box will ask you if you want to exit the current program. Click the Task
List button. An End Task window appears and lists the programs you are
currently running. Select the program you were in when your computer
froze. For instance, if you were working with Microsoft Word, but went to
check your e-mail in Netscape, and then the computer crashed, you would
select Netscape in the End Task window. After selecting the correct
program, hit the End Task button. Hopefully, the program will unlock at
this point. You should then restart your computer by going to the Start
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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menu and selecting Shut Down. In the Shut Down window, click the
Restart button and OK, and the computer will reboot.
How to prevent future freezes

nowing how to restart a computer is crucial, but it is also important to
know measures to take to prevent future freezes. The most useful steps
are rebuilding your desktop, emptying your trash, deleting excess e-mails,
and cleaning out temporary files and histories.
System error 5 - Access is denied
This is a permission issue. If the net view command fails with a
"System error 5 has occurred. Access is denied." message, 1) make sure you
are logged on using an account that has permission to view the shares on
the remote computer. 2) Need to cache credential: logon the same username
and password on both computers or use net net use \\computername
/user:username command. 3) Make sure the Netlogon service is running.
System error 8 - Not enough storage is available to process this command
or System error 234 - More data is available.
Symptoms: If you attempt to start the server service manually, the following
errors may be displayed: System error 234 has occurred. More data is
available. Or system error 8 has occurred. Not enough storage is available to
process this command. The event viewer shows "Event ID: 7023.
Description: The Server service terminated with the following error: More
data is available. Or Event ID: 7001. Description: The Net Logon service
depends on the Server service which failed to start because of the following
error: More data is available.
Resolutions: 1) apply (or reapply) the latest Windows NT Service pack.
2) remove any unnecessary entries from this value in the registry,
System error 51 has occurred - The remote computer is not available
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
Document No.:
Issued by:
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Symptoms: You may receive "System error 51 has occurred. The remote
computer is not available" when using net use to map the computer drive.
Resolutions: 1. Make sure server service is running on the remote
computer
System error 52 - You were not connected because a duplicate name exists
on the network.
Symptoms: you can ping a host but not net view it. When using net view
\\hostname, you get system error 52 - a duplicate name exists on the
network.
Resolutions: there are two host names or alias name (cname) are pointed to
the same IP. 1) check the WINS records. 2) check DNS records. 3) Go to
System in the Control Panel to change the computer name and try again.
System error 53 - The network path was not found.
Symptom: when using net view \\ip or \\computername, you get system
error 53.
Resolutions: 1) if it is domain environment, check your WINS; 2) if it is peerto-peer workgroup, enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP; 3) make sure the machine
is running; 4) make sure file and Printer Share enabled on remote computer;
5) make sure client for ms networks is enabled on local computer; 6) make
sure you type the correct name. 7) Make sure no firewall running or any
security setting.
VPN Case Study - Can ping VPN server but receive System error 53 using
net use
Case Study - System Error 53 - The network path was not found.
System error 67 - The network name cannot be found
Symptom: When using net view \\computer or net use \\IP, you may
receive above error message.
Resolution: 1. Make sure you type the correct computer name or shared
name.
2. Make sure the Workstation service is running on the local computer while
Server service is running on the remote computer.
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
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Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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More troubleshooting here System error 67 has occurred

System error 85 has occurred. The local device name is already in use
Cause: net use /persistent: yes is default settings for NT and win2000/XP. If
you have mapped some network drives and check the reconnect at logon, or
your network uses logon script to map network drives, the mapped network
drives may show red Xs. If you enable echo and pause the logon script or if
using net use to map the same drive manually, you may get "System error 85
has occurred. The local device name is already in use." One thing you may
want to try is using net use /persistent: no, for example, net use i:
\\servername\folder /persistent: no.
System error 1219 has occurred - The credentials supplied conflict with an
existing set of credentials
Symptoms: 1) When you log on to a domain from w2k client; 2) when
attempting to join a domain, you may receive the following error
message: The credentials supplied conflict with an existing set of
credentials.
Resolutions: This may cause because of attempting to make two or more
connections to the same server using two or more sets of credentials
1. Go to windows explorer and disconnect all network drives. Then re-logon.
2. Delete the profile or copy another profile. Note: you may lost all settings
and data in My Documents when deleting or copying profile.
3. If solution 1 and 2 doesn't work, try this: 1) Log on as an administrator at
any workstation and run regedt32. 2) Select HKEY_USERS, but do not open.
3) From the Registry menu, click Load Hive. 4) This will bring up a Load
Hive dialog box. Locate the Ntuser.dat file for the user with the errors. Select
the Ntuser.dat and click Open. You may enter any string for the Key Name.
Use TEST for ease of use pertaining to the remainder of this article. 5)
Locate the Username value under the following key in the registry:
HKEY_USERS\TEST\Network\Username. 6) Delete the string for Username
(leaving it blank is sufficient). 7) Select the TEST hive that you previously
loaded, click the Registry menu, and then click Unload Hive. 8) Quit
Registry
Editor.
4. If you get this message when joining the domain, make sure 1) you have
delete the computer from AD; 2) delete it from DNS; 3) delete it from WINS.
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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System error 1231 has occurred. The network location cannot be reached.
Symptom: When using net view \\computername, you may receive System
error 1231.
Resolutions: 1) make sure Client for MS Networks is enabled, 2) make sure
you have permission to access it.
System Error 1240 - The account is not authorized to login from this
station.
Symptoms: 1. You may get the system error 1240 when using net view
\\remotecomputer'
2. Workgroup_name is not accessible Account is Not Authorized to Log In
to this Station when attempting to browse the workgroup from a networking
computer.
Resolutions: 1. Use Regedit to enable unencrypted (plain text) passwords for
the SMB client. 2. Enable Send Unencrypted Password to Connect to 3rd
Party SMB Servers under Local Security Policy. 3. Set the following policies
as showing: Digitally sign client communications (always) - disabled
Digitally
sign
server
communications
(always)disabled
Digitally sign server communications (when possible) - disabled
LAN Manager Authentication Level set to Send LM and NTLM - use NTLMv2
session security if negotiated - (default) send LM & NTLM responses
Secure channel: Digitally encrypt or sign secure channel data (always) disabled
Secure channel: Require strong (Windows 2000 or later) session key disabled
4. Contact the third-party SMB server manufacturer if you have a thirdparty SMB server, such as DEC Pathworks, Samba or Linux.
5. If you are running Windows 9x, you may want to re-configure windows
authentication for network logons.
System error 1311 - There are currently no logon servers available to
service the logon request
Symptoms: The primary purpose of logging on with cached credentials is to
enable you to access the local workstation. However, if you have logged on by
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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cached credentials, you may be unable to access network resources because

you have not been authenticated. For example 1) after you log on to a
w2k/xp laptop by using cached credentials, you may be unable to access the
network resources. This issue is commonly experienced by laptop users
whose computer resides in a Windows Server domain and who log on to the
computer by using cached credentials prior to being able to establish a
remote access connection. 2) You log on to a w2k/xp laptop with a domain
logon option in a workgroup network. After you establish the connection and
you try to map the network drives, the operation may be unsuccessful, and
you may receive the following error message: "System Error: (1311) There are
currently no logon servers available to service the logon request."
Resolutions: To authenticate the cached credentials, 1) if it is w2k/xp, use
net
command,
for
example,
net
use
\\servername\sharename
/user:username. 2) if xp, open Windows Explorer>Tools>Map Network Drive.
Click Connect using a different user name, enter the username and
password.
System error 1326 has occurred - Logon failure: unknown user name or
bad password.
Symptom: when using net use to map a network drive, you may receive
"System error 1326 has occurred. Logon failure: unknown user name or bad
password." message.
Resolutions: 1) create a user account on remote computer; 2) need to
enable the guest account; 3) make sure the remote computer doesn't use
auto-logon and blank password; 4) make sure you have a folder or drive
shared on the remote computer. 5) use net use \\servername /user:
username command. Make sure you type correct command (e.g. use net use
\\servername \user: username will get this error too)
System error 1331 has occurred - Logon failure: account current disable
Symptom: When using net use \\computername command, you may
receive above error message.
Resolutions: this is cache credentials issue. To fix this problem and cache
the credentials, use net use \\computername /user: username command.
System error 1385 has occurred - Logon failure: the user has not been
granted the requested logon type at this computer
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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Symptoms: When using net use \\remotecomouter\ahredname, you may

receive above message.
Resolution: 1. The users do not have permission to connect to the remote
computer. To resolve this problem: on the remote computer, select
Administrative Tools>Local Security Settings>Local Policies>User Rights
Assignment,
right-click
on
Access
this
computer
from
the
network>Properties>Add Users or Groups, add everyone or any users you
want to be able to access the computer from the network.
2. refer to this case: Solved: System error 1385 - Logon failure http://chicagotech.net/netforums/viewtopic.php?t=286
System error 1396 has occurred - Logon Failure: The target account name
is incorrect.
Symptoms: 1. when using net use, you may receive above message.
2. when using net view \\hostname, you may receive "System error 5 has
occurred. Access is denied.". However, net view \\ip works fine.
3. You may receive above error while running logon script.
Causes: 1. SPN for the domain that is hosting the replica has not been
propagated.
2. Incorrect target account name or the server is not online.
3. If you have DFS, make sure the DFSRoot is available.
Refer to RL060704
System error 6118 has occurred. The list of servers for this workgroup is
not currently available
SYMPTOMS: 1) After enabling ICS/ICF, you can't see any computes on My
Network places. If you try, you may get "workgroup is not accessible". 2)
If you use the net view command, you may receive "System error 6118
has occurred. The list of servers for this workgroup is not currently
available." message.
Resolutions:
1) This behavior can occur if you enable the ICF that will closes the ports for
file sharing by default. To open these ports, right-click the network
connection that is firewall protected> Properties>Advanced>Settings>Service
Tab>Add, Enter 127.0.0.1) for the required Internet Protocol (IP) number.
Enter UDP ports from 135 through 139, and TCP ports from 135 through
SICAT-TESDA
QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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139 one by one (the external and internal port numbers should be identical).
2) This may occur if the workgroup name and the domain name are the
different.
3) No master browser. Starting Computer Browser Service on one of w2k/xp
computers should fix the problem
SELF CHECK 2.1-1

Write the Symptoms & Resolutions of the following system Errors
System
Error
Symptoms
Action/resolutions
51 The
remote
computer
is not
available
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
Developed by:
Alain C. Gallarde
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Issued by:
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67 The
network
name
cannot be
found
1219
The
credent
ials
supplie
d
conflict
with an
existing
set
of
credent
ials
1231 The
network
location
cannot be
reached.
ANSWER KEY
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Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
Troubleshooting
Computer Systems
And Networks
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System
Error
Symptoms
Action/resolutions
51
The remote
computer
is not
available
You can ping a host

but not net view it.
When using net view
\\hostname, you get
system error 52 - a
duplicate name exists
on the network.
67
The
network
name
cannot be
found
When using net view

1. Make sure you type the correct
\\computer or net use computer name or shared name.
\\IP, you may receive
above error message. 2. Make sure the Workstation service is
running on the local computer while
Server service is running on the remote
computer.
1219
1) When you log on to

a domain from w2k
client; 2) when
attempting to join a
domain, you may
receive the following
error message: The
credentials supplied
conflict with an
existing set of
credentials
The
credent
ials
supplie
d
conflict
with an
existing
set
of
credent
ials
1231
The
network
location
cannot be
reached.
Make sure server service is running on

the remote computer
This may cause because of attempting to

make two or more connections to the
same server using two or more sets of
credentials
1. Go to windows explorer and
disconnect all network drives. Then relogon.
2. Delete the profile or copy another
profile. Note: you may lost all settings
and data in My Documents when
deleting or copying profile.
3. If solution 1 and 2 doesn't work,
When using net view 1) make sure Client for MS Networks is

\\computername, you enabled, 2) make sure you have
may receive System permission to access it.
error 1231.
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Computer Hardware
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-2

Plan and Preparing Diagnostic Procedure
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Plan and
Prepare Diagnostic Procedure.
PC Diagnosing
Probably the most frustrating problem computer users
run into are startup problems, where your computer
wont boot. Equally annoying are error messages you
constantly run into during your computers startup
process. In this module you will be given a few tips on
how you can avoid some of the most common problems
that happen right after your computer turns on.
Troubleshooting Plan for Personal Computers
How to Troubleshoot the Computer?
Here you will learn the basic troubleshooting methods of your computer.
Trial and error: When you find a faulty component in your computer,
check it with the other computers so that you can make sure whether
the fault is in the component or not.
Check cables: In case of any device failure, check all the cables of
your computer such as data cables, power cable, internal circuitry
cables and make sure that all these are plugged in and working fine.
Hardware settings: Check the hardware settings in the CMOS and in

the device manager of the system and make all the device drivers are
up to date and all the cards are plugged in properly.
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Notice changes: When you notice a software or hardware error in

your computer, determine what was changed before the problem
occurred
Event viewer: In the event viewer, you will find the error or warning
messages associated with any faulty hardware or software.
Make notes: Troubleshooting is a big learning option and we can

learn a lot when we face any kind of troubleshooting in our computer.
Make notes including the error messages and their solutions, so that
you have a record on how a certain problem occurred and how did you
solve it.
Sample Diagnostic Plan

List down all possible components to be checked based on the symptoms.
Symptoms: Dead Computer Monitor
Good
Defective
Remedy
AC outlet
AVR
AVR fuse
Monitor Power Cable
Monitor Switch
Power Supply
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Common Trouble for Computer Units

1. Double check the power connections.
2. Voltage Regulator and power supply could cause power failure in the
computer unit.
3. Check the power cords and cable connectors in your computer unit.
4. Unseated card. Loose cards could cause it to malfunction.
5. Do you have ink or toners in your printer? Check the ink
toners/cartridges in your printers.
6. Check the boot sequence configuration in the advance BIOS (Basic
Input/output Unit) setup.
Diagnosing Network Connection

These are the things to look for if a PC will not connect to the internet or
network.
First check the cable connecting to the network card into the network
hub.
Check the back of the computer to see if the network card light is on
Check the network cable
Check the network HUB
Networ
k HUB
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
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Netwo
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SELF CHECK 2.1-2

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.
____1. The most frustrating problem computer users run into are startup problems.
____2. When you find a faulty component in your computer, check it with
the other computers so that you can make sure whether the fault
is in the component or not.
____3.Troubleshooting is a big learning option and we can learn a lot
when we face any kind of troubleshooting in our computer.
____4. Unseated card or loose cards could cause computer to function
normally.
____5. Voltage Regulator and power supply could cause power failure in
the computer unit.
SICAT-TESDA
QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
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ANSWER KEY
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
T
T
T
F
T
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TASK SHEET 2.1.1

Title
: Diagnostic Plan
Performance Objective
: Given the needed materials, supplies & equipment,
create a diagnostic plan in troubleshooting a power
supply.
Supplies, Tools & Equipment :
Working PC
Printer
Bond paper
Ruler
Pencil/Eraser
Power Supply
Diagnostic Plan template
SICAT-TESDA
QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Steps/ Procedure:
1. Prepare the necessary tools, supplies and materials
2. Using template, make a diagnostic plan of the computer power supply
3. Let your trainer check your work.
Assessment Method:
Demonstration , Performance Criteria checklist
Performance Criteria Checklist
Did you
CRITERIA
YES
NO
1. Followed sequence of steps in diagnosing.
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2. Observed safety precautions.

3. Used appropriate tools in diagnosing.
4. Created a diagnostic plan for troubleshooting.
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Computer Hardware
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Hand Tools for Testing and Repair Computer System & Network
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify and
use Hand Tools for Testing and troubleshooting Computer System
& Network
Introduction
Tools and equipment play a vital role in troubleshooting; it helps the
user to determine the errors found in your computer hardware and network.
Tools used to test and repair hardware problems:
1. Screw drivers-is used to install and remove screws in your computer
unit.
2. Pliers and tweezers- is used for picking small

in your computer unit.
parts
3. Soldering iron- is primarily used for connecting

terminals in your power supply and circuit board with the
use of a soldering lead.
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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4. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray- are used to eliminate

electrostatic discharge in your work area.
5. Lens cleaner-is used for cleaning optical media, such as DVD-ROMS

and CD-writers.
6. Thermal paste-is a paste used for heat dissipation for your processor.
Network Troubleshooting Tools

1. LAN Tester is a device used to test the network connection..
2. Crimping tool- is a device used to crimp the RJ45 connector to the UTP
cable.
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Self Check 2.1-3

Place write your answers in your computer using MS Word and save in
your folder:
1. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools.
a.
b.
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ANSWER KEY 2.1-3

1. Enumerate the six tools used for troubleshooting.
a. Screw drivers
b. Pliers and tweezers
c. Soldering iron
d. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray
e. Lens cleaner
f. Thermal paste
2. Enumerate the two network troubleshooting tools.
a. LAN Tester
b. Crimping tool
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Common Windows XP Diagnostic Utilities & Tools
Learning Objective:
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use Common Windows XP Diagnostic Utilities & Tools
1. There are a lot of diagnostic utilities for Windows XP, both included
with the system and third-party applications, that can examine your
computer for a range of problems. Microsoft's own, included utilities
have been specially trimmed to apply to certain devices and uses,
making them the best choice for all but the most devastating of
problems.
Disk Utilities
2. Many errors can be caused by hard disk problems. The Disk Cleanup,
Disk Defragmenter and Disk Error Checking utilities can assess and
fix many of these problems. All can be found under the System Tools
section of the Accessories sub-menu. Also, running your hard drive
manufacturer's specific disk diagnostic tool can help to diagnose any
read or write errors that cause application problems in Windows XP.
Application and Memory Utilities
3. Run time errors, blue screens and other memory errors are often
caused by badly written programs or incorrect system calls. The Dr.
Watson tool is great for checking application errors and can be
accessed by clicking the "Run" shortcut from the Start menu, typing
in "DRWATSN32" and pressing "Enter." Memtest86+ is another great
tool for checking your computer's standalone memory (see Resources).
Network Diagnostics
4. The Network Diagnostics Tool is included with Windows XP and
provides a way to test your Internet connection settings. You can
access it from Internet Explorer by clicking "Diagnose Connect
Problems" from an error page or by selecting the tool under the "Tools"
option menu. You can also right-click any network connection from
the Network Connections menu and choose to troubleshoot the
connection there to do further network diagnostics. Also, try using a
website such as Speed Test (see Resources) to test your broadband
connection speed and diagnose any speed issues.
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Hardware Diagnostics
5. Under the Device Manager you can see hardware that is working
improperly, because it will have a warning icon next to it. Right-click
that device and choose to troubleshoot. This will bring up the device
troubleshooting utility that will often try to update the driver or fix an
existing driver.
Malware and Adware Utilities

6. Adware, malware and viruses can infect your computer, decimate its
performance and siphon your private data from your fingertips. Since
most of these malicious programs are built to target Windows XP, it is
important to regularly check for malware. Tools such as Lavasoft's AdAware or Spybot Search & Destroy are great utilities for finding and
eliminating harmful or infected applications (see Resources). In
combination with traditional anti-virus software such as Norton or
McAfee, they are essential for keeping your computer running
smoothly.
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Self Check 2.1-4

Mark X the appropriate classifications of the following utilities.
Disk
U
t
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
Application
and
Memory
Utilities
Network
Diagnostics
Hardware
Diagnostics
Malware
and
Adware
Utilities
Spybot Search
Dr. Watson tool
Disk Cleanup
Memtest86+
Disk Defragmenter
Device Manager
Speed Test
Disk Error Checking utilities
Lavasoft's Ad-Aware
Norton or McAfee
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Diagnosing And
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Answer key
Disk
U
t
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
Application
and
Memory
Utilities
Network
Diagnostics
Hardware
Diagnostics
Malware
and
Adware
Utilities
Spybot Search
x
Dr. Watson tool

x
Disk Cleanup
Memtest86+
Disk Defragmenter
x
x
Device troubleshooting utility

x
Speed Test
SICAT-TESDA
QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Disk Error Checking utilities

Lavasoft's Ad-Aware
Norton or McAfee
Job Sheet 2.1-1

Title
: Perform Disk Error Check
Performance Objectives:
Supplies
Tools/Equipment
Given a working personal computer you are going

to Perform Disk Error Check
: Utility Software
: Working PC
Steps/ Procedure:
1. From Start, choose Run, and type in: "cmd" that will open a command-line DOS
window.
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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2. To run the command in repair mode, type in: "chkdsk c:/r" where the 'c' stands for the
C drive and 'r' for repair.
3. If you get any messages like this: Chkdsk cannot run because the volume is in use by
another process. Would you like to schedule this volume to be checked the next time
the system restarts? (Y/N). Type Y, and then press ENTER to schedule the disk check,
and then restart your computer to start the disk check.
4. Or you can run chkdsk: from My Computer: right click "Local Disk (C:)" or any other
disk you want to check.
5. Go to Properties, click on Tools, and click the button "Check Now" under Error
Checking.
6. Check the two boxes: "Automatically fix file system errors" and "Scan for and attempt
recovery of bad sectors". And click Start.
7. If you get any messages like this: The disk check could not be performed because the
disk check utility needs exclusive access to some Windows files on the disk. These
files can be accessed by restarting Windows. Do you want to schedule the disk check
to occur the next time you restart the computer? Click Yes to schedule the disk check,
and then restart your computer to start the disk check.
8. Once the machine is restarted, let it continue to scan and repair by itself.
Assessment Method:
Demonstration, Performance Criteria checklist
PERFORMANCE CHECKLIST
Did you
Performance Criteria
Yes
No
1. Started the computer properly

2. Followed the procedures to Run check disk
3. Repaired & fixed Errors.
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QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
Servicing NC II
Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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4. Followed safety procedures while performing check disk.
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Date Developed:
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LEARNING
OUTCOME #2
DIAGNOSE FAULTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM
CONTENTS:
Parts and functions of computer system
Software ( operating system, application software)
Electrical theory
Computer monitors
Techniques for diagnosing computer system
1. Components or parts of computer system clearly identified
3. Faults and failures of the computer systems diagnosed base on the job
requirements
CONDITION:
2. Tools, Materials and Equipment and Facilities
Pliers (assorted)
Wrenches
Utility softwares
Connectors
Adaptors
Diskettes
CD ROM
Complete set of working computer
Spare of all components
Multimeter
Appropriate softwares
EVALUATION METHOD:
1. Hands-on
2. Direct observation
3. Practical demonstration
SICAT-TESDA
QA SYSTEM.
Computer Hardware
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Date Developed:
October 21, 2010
Diagnosing And
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Learning Outcome 2
DIAGNOSE FAULTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM
Learning Activities
1. Read information sheet 2.2-1 If you have some problem on the
Parts and function of computer content of the information sheet
dont hesitate to approach your
system
facilitator.
If you feel that you are now
knowledgeable on the content of
the information sheet, you can now
answer self check provided in the
module.
Compare your answer to the
answer key 2.2-1. If you got 100%
correct answer in this self-check,
you can now perform task sheet
2.2-1. If not review the information
sheet and go over the self-check
again.
Compare your work to the checklist
and let your trainer check it. If you
Inventory of Computer Parts
got 100% correct answer in this
activity, you can now perform job
sheet 2.2-1. If not review the
information sheet and go over the
activity again.
4. Perform Job Sheet 2.2-1
Performance Checklist. If you got
Upgrade and Repair Operating 100% correct answer in this
System
activity, you can now move to the
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next Information Sheet. If not

review the information sheet and go
over the task again.
5. Read information sheet 2.2-2
If you have some problem on the
Software Packages And Use Of
content of the information sheet
Application Programs
facilitator.
module.
you can now move to the
Information Sheet. If not review the
self-check again.
Techniques for Diagnosing
Computer System
facilitator.
the information sheet, you can
module.
you can now perform task sheet
again.
Evaluate your work to the Checklist
2.2-2. If you got 100% correct
Faulty Connection of Computer answer in this task, you can now
Peripherals
move to the next learning Outcome.
If not review the information sheet
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and go over the task again.
Parts and function of computer system

Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to identify Parts
and function of computer system.
HARDWARE
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An exploded view of a modern personal computer and peripherals:

1. Scanner
2. CPU (Microprocessor)
3. Primary storage (RAM)
4. Expansion cards (graphics cards, etc.)
5. Power supply
6. Optical disc drive
7. Secondary storage (Hard disk)
8. Motherboard
9. Speakers
10. Monitor
11. System software
12. Application software
13. Keyboard
14. Mouse
15. External hard disk
16. Printer
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Computer Hardware
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Date Developed:
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Diagnosing And
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Computer case
A stripped ATX case lying on its side.

A computer case is the enclosure that contains the main components of a computer.
Cases are usually constructed from steel or aluminium, although other materials such as wood
and plastic have been used.
Processor
AMD Athlon 64 X2 CPU.

The central processing unit, or CPU, is that part of a computer which executes
software program instructions.
Motherboard
Asus motherboard
The motherboard, also referred to as systemboard or mainboard, is the primary circuit
board within a personal computer.
Main memory
A PC's main memory is fast storage that is directly accessible by the CPU, and is used
to store the currently executing program and immediately needed data.
Hard disk
Mass storage devices store programs and data even when the
power is off; they do require power to perform read and write
functions during usage. Although flash memory has dropped in cost,
the prevailing form of mass storage in personal computers is still the
hard disk.
Video card
ATI Radeon video card
The video card - otherwise called a graphics card,
graphics adapter or video adapter - processes and renders the
graphics output from the computer to the computer display,
and is an essential part of the modern computer.
Visual display unit
A visual display unit (or monitor) is a piece of
electrical equipment, usually separate from the computer
case, which displays viewable images generated by a
computer without producing a permanent record.
Keyboard
In computing, a keyboard is an arrangement of buttons that each correspond to a

function, letter, or number.
Mouse
A Mouse on a computer is a small, slidable device that users hold and slide around to
point at, click on, and sometimes drag objects on screen in a graphical user interface using a
pointer on screen..
Other components
Mass storage
All computers require either fixed or removable storage for their operating system,
programs and user generated material.
Formerly the 5 inch and 3 inch floppy drive were the principal forms of removable
storage for backup of user files and distribution of software.
As memory sizes increased, the capacity of the floppy did not keep pace; the Zip drive and
other higher-capacity removable media were introduced but never became as prevalent as the
floppy drive.
A USB flash drive today performs much of the data transfer and backup functions
formerly done with floppy drives, Zip disks and other devices.
Computer communications
Internal modem card
Modem
Network adapter card
Router
Common peripherals and adapter cards
Headset
Joystick
Microphone
Printer
Scanner
Sound adapter card as a separate card rather than located on the motherboard
Speakers
Webcam
LAN Card is a network interface card. This

is a computer circuit board or card that is
installed in a computer so that it can be
connected to a network.
Modem - (Modulator-Demodulator) The
modem is a device that allows a given
computer to share data or otherwise a
device which let computers exchange
information
USB Universal Serial Bus, a hardware
interface for low-speed peripherals such as
the keyboard, mouse, joystick, scanner,
printer and telephony devices.
Scanner- it is an input device that read text

or illustration printed on paper, translates
the information into a form that a computer
can use.
Printer - it is a piece of hardware that

produces a paper copy (also known as
hardcopy) of the information generated by
the computer.
RAM Random Access Memory, is a primary memory. This memory

is used inside the computer to hold programs and data while it is
running.
BIOS Basic Input/Output System, chip that controls the most basic
functions of the computer and performs a self-test every time you turn
it on.
Flash drive RAM that can retain data

without electrical power. It is widely used
for BIOS chips and for digital camera and
digital music storage.
Video Camera - camera using videotape: a

camera that records onto videotape
Self Check 2.2-1

Give the name of each numbered computer components.
Answer Key
1. Scanner
2. CPU (Microprocessor)
3. Primary storage (RAM)
4. Expansion cards (graphics cards, etc.)
5. Power supply
6. Optical disc drive
7. Secondary storage (Hard disk)
8. Motherboard
9. Speakers
10. Monitor
11. System software
12. Application software
13. Keyboard
14. Mouse
15. External hard disk
16. Printer
TASK SHEET 2.2-1

Title
: Inventory of Computer Parts
Given a complete set of personal computer you are going to make an
inventory of computer components bases on the given template.
Supplies
: UTP Cable, RJ 45
Tools/Equipment
:
Complete set of PC with peripherals
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Prepare the given template
2. Make an Inventory of the components and peripherals of the given pc.
3. Let your trainer check your work.
Assessment Method:
Demonstration , Performance Criteria checklist
Template
TRAINEES NAME
TRAINERS NAME
QUALIFICATION
DATE
TIME
NAME
COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC II

INVENTORY OF PC COMPONENTS
SPECIFICATION
QUANTITY
Did the Trainees overall performance meet the required

evidence/standard?
REMARKS
Yes
No
Trainees Signature
Date:
Trainers Signature
Date:
Did you
Performance Criteria
1. Listed down all computer components and peripherals

2. Identified the specifications of different components
3. Applied safety precautions during the task.
4. Used and filled up the given template correctly
5. Wrote the exact quantity.
6. Gave remarks correctly.
Yes
No
Job Sheet 2.2-1

Title
: Upgrade and Repair Operating System
Given a working personal computer you are going to repair &
upgrade the previous operating system to XP or Higher.
Supplies
: Windows XP Installer or higher
Tools/Equipment
: Working PC
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Insert the Windows XP CD. Select Start > Run.
2. In the Run box, where D is the drive letter for the CD-ROM, type
D:\i386\winnt32 and press Enter. The Welcome to the Windows XP
Setup Wizard displays.
3. Choose Upgrade to Windows XP and click Next. The License
Agreement page displays.
4. Read the license agreement and click the button to accept this
agreement.
5. Click Next. The Upgrading to the Windows XP NTFS File System page
displays.
6. Follow the prompts and complete the upgrade. When the install is
complete, the computer will restart.
Assessment Method:
Demonstration with questioning , Performance Criteria checklist
Performance Criteria Checklist 2.2-1

CRITERIA
Did you
Started the computer properly
Inserted the XP Installation CD
Ran XP Installer
Selected upgrade option
Followed the prompts and completed the upgrading process
Upgraded the computer properly
Installed all necessary drivers
Yes
No
Software Packages and Use of Application Programs

Learning Objective:
Software Packages and Use of Application Programs.
Software is the component of a computer system which refers to the

set of instructions written in a code-that computers can understand and
execute. Another name for this set of instructions is program.
Three Types of Software
1. System Software
2. Application Software
3. Programming Language
System Software. This software tells the CPU what to do, a more common
term is Operating System (OS). The most popular OS in use for PC
microcomputer is Microsofts MS DOS. DOS for short is a collection of
various programs that help control your PC. Other operating systems are
Microsoft Windows (from the early Windows 95 and 98 to the current
windows Vista, OS 2, MAC OS, Unix, Linux and Apples OS 9.
Application Software.
This is designed and written to perform specific
personal, business, or scientific processing tasks, such as payroll,
processing, human resource management, or inventory management.
Common Application software are the following:
Word Processor This serves as an electronic typewriter and even

more. With word processors, the user can easily produce quality
documents like memos and reports. Popular word processors include
MS Word and Word Perfect.
Spreadsheets- These are programs that simulate a paper divided into

rows and columns, where values can be placed. These are used for
advanced numerical analysis and calculations. Some of the more
common spreadsheet programs are Lotus 1-2-3 and, Ms Excel and

Open Calculate.
Database Programs These serve to collect a structured collection of

data, which can later be managed and manipulated.
Presentation Software These are programs that allow users to

create electronic presentation for reports and other functions.
Desktop Publishing Software This allow the user to create page

makeup and do simple typesetting to produce various materials, such
as books pamphlets, reports, and booklets. Example of DTP software
are MS Publisher, and PageMaker.
Reference Software These are electronic versions of various

references such as encyclopedia, almanacs, atlases, dictionaries,
thesauri, and the like.
Graphics Programs These allow the creation and manipulation of

graphics, images, objects, and pictures.
Some of the common
graphics programs are CorelDraw, Photoshop, and Computer Aided
Design (CAD)
Educational Software These include tutorials and electronic

lessons that give students knowledge or training in a particular
subject or skill, such as Math or Science or in gardening or cooking.
Computer Games These are programs that simulate real games or

provide entertainment and adventure to users.
Network Software These are programs that make it possible for

computers in different areas to be connected, allowing their users to
communicate with each other.
Language Software These provide programmers with the necessary

tools to write programs and instructions to computer.
Programming Software. Programmers use this software for making

computer programs. Programming software is a tool to make software using
different programming languages.
SELF-CHECK 2.2 -2
A. TRUE OR FALSE.
Write T if the statement is true and correct and F if
it is not. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering.
______ 1. Word processors are used to create special movie effects.

______ 2. Systems software tells the CPU what to do.
______ 3. Software refers to the set od instructions that computer can
understand and execute.
______ 4. Reference software includes tutorial and electronic lessons that
give students knowledge or training in a particular subject or skill.
______ 5. Graphics Program allow the users to execute electronic
presentations for reports and other functions.
B. Discuss briefly the three types of software.
ANSWER KEY 2.2-2

A. True or False
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. False
B.
System Software tells the Central processing unit what to do.
Application Software This is designed and written to perform specific

personal, business, or scientific processing tasks, such as payroll
processing, human resource management, or inventory management.
Programming Software
programming languages.
to
make
software
using
different

Techniques for Diagnosing Computer System
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to use
Techniques for Diagnosing Computer System
Techniques for diagnosing computer system

1. Computer Diagnosis
2. Rules In Diagnosing Computer System
3. Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects
4. Problem Isolation
5. Component Isolation
Computer Diagnosis
Sometimes when the problem with a system is not totally apparent
and the problem may be intermittent, using a basic common
diagnostic procedure may help determine what is wrong. This
procedure has a number of steps that, if followed each time, can be of
help.
Rules in Diagnosing Computer System
1. Know the facts
Educate oneself on all aspects and operation of computer
parts.
Continuous learning on computer technology.
2. Use your common sense
3. Focus on Field Replaceable Units
Identify the different types of FRU that can be used for
replacement or subassembly.
4. Proper assembly and disassembly
Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Peopleware
Firmware
Software
Hardware
Static(ESD)
Electricity
Peopleware
Untrained personnel would probably damage programs in PC.
Firmware
Programs or software burnt in chips may be corrupted.
Software
Corrupted operating systems would cause the system to fail.
Hardware
Defective hardware components would lead to computer malfunction.

Hardware conflicts and viruses can hinder your computers performance.
ESD (Electro Static Discharge)

Electro static discharge can easily damage sensitive components in your
computer.
Electricity
Incoming supply from AC outlet must be regulated, power surges can

damage computer units.
Problem Isolation
Problem isolation is a detective work in which you need to determine
what is out of the ordinary by making detailed observation of what is not
working normally and record any information as you proceed. The
information you will be able to gather will help diagnose your computer. You
need to observe wisely. Look for any abnormalities in the unit, any change in
smell or foreign smell, listen to all the sounds, and error codes.
Component Isolation
This section will aid in determining components in your system which
are failing. First, most systems have 3 major components; monitor, system
unit, and printers. Some have multiple external devices. To troubleshoot,
you need to isolate major components which are failing to operate.
Figure 1. Computer system connections
Self Check 2.2-3

Enumerate the following items below:
1. Factors Causing Computer Failures and Defects.
2. Techniques for diagnosing computer system.
Answer Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Peopleware
Firmware
Software
Hardware
Static(ESD)
Electricity
2. Techniques for diagnosing computer system

1. Computer Diagnosis
2. Rules In Diagnosing Computer System
4. Problem Isolation
5. Component Isolation
TASK SHEET 2.2-2

Title
: Faulty Connection of Computer Peripherals
Given with the different equipments, identify Faulty Connection of
Computer and Peripherals
Supplies
Tools/Equipment
: UTP Cable, RJ 45
: System unit
Monitor
Keyboard
Mouse
Printer
Power plugs
AVR
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Prepare materials and tools needed
2. Install system units and peripherals
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Identify and fixed faulty connections

Power on the unit.
Apply troubleshooting if necessary.
Check the functionality of each computer peripherals
Let your trainer check your works.
Assessment Method:

CRITERIA
Did you
1. Followed sequence of steps in diagnosing.
3. Performed standard procedures in diagnosing.
4. Identified Errors & Symptoms.
YES
NO
LEARNING
OUTCOME 3
REPAIR DEFECTS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND

NETWORKS
CONTENTS:
Proper repairing/replacing procedures of different components
Wiring techniques
Power supplies
Determining defective components
Basic networking
1. Defective components properly replaced and corrected
2. Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line with standard
procedures
3. Defective components identified and separated to other components
CONDITION:

Soldering iron
Utility software
Workstations
Procedures and guidelines
Network cable tester
Pliers (assorted)
Wrenches
Servers
Printers
Multitester
Crimping tools
References:
Andres Sr., Antonio M. Introduction of Computer. Fully Illustrated,
Valenzuela City; May 2003 World Class Publishing and Packaging
Sto. Domingo, Josephine C.,Learning Windows XP and Internet the Easy
Way Computers - The Easy Way
EVALUATION METHOD:
Demonstration & Oral Questioning
Written Test
Learning Outcome 3
REPAIR DEFECTS IN COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
Learning Activities
Proper Replacement of
Components or Parts
facilitator.
module.
answer key
answer in this self-check, you can
now move to the next information
sheet. If not review the information
again.
Adjustments, Modifications
and Upgrading
facilitator.
module.
answer key
now perform task sheet 2.3-1. If
not review the information sheet
and go over the self-check again.

Hardware Upgrade

Determining Defective
Components
8. Perform Job Sheet 2.3-1

PC Troubleshooting

task, you can now move to the next
information sheet. If not review the
task again.
facilitator.
module.
answer key
now perform Job Sheet 2.3-1. If not
over the self-check again.
Compare
your
work
to
the
Performance Checklist. If you got
100% correct answer in this selfcheck, you can now move to the
next learning Outcome. If not
over the self-check again.

Proper Replacement of Components or Parts
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to follow Proper
procedures in Replacement of Components or Parts.
Computer Parts Replacement

Replacing computer parts and peripherals you need to consider the following
factors:
1. Compatibility of the component or part
2. Consider the component specification
3. Components form factor
Compatibility of the Component
When replacing computer parts you should check if it is compatible with
your unit. Double check on your computer manual if the component you are
replacing is compatible or not with the unit because this may lead to system
crash.
Component Specification
This focuses on the specification of the component. Check if the voltage
rating, current rating, memory size and frequency matches your computer
unit.
Form factor
The components manufacturer should be considered. Check if the unit you
are trying to repair or upgrade is generic or branded units. Branded units
have their own set of components compatible only to their units, while
genetic types can be used only to generic type of units.
List of Components Commonly Replaced in a Computer System
Memory- is technically any form of electronic storage; it is used most often

to identify fast, temporary forms of storage. It is commonly called RAM
(Random Access Memory).
Video Cards- is also referred to as a graphics accelerator, is an item of

personal computer hardware whose function is to generate and output
images to a display.
Network Interface Card is also known as LAN card. A PC interface to

network cabling. It is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow
computers to communicate over a computer network
Hard disk drive is a fixed computer storage medium
Motherboard is also known as the mainboard. It contains circuits that

perform various functions.
Processor is also known as CPU or the Central Processing unit
General Safety Tips and Reminders
Observe good housekeeping in the area of the machines during and

after maintenance.
Place removed covers and other parts in a safe place, away from all
personnel, while you are servicing the machine.
Dress for the Job
Keep your tool case away from walk areas so that other people will not
trip over it.
Do not wear loose clothing that can be trapped in the moving parts of
a machine. Ensure that your sleeves are fastened or rolled up above
your elbows. If your hair is long, use hair net or hair cap.
Insert the ends of your necktie or scarf inside clothing or fasten it with
a nonconductive clip, approximately 3 inches from the end.
Do not wear jewelry, chains, metal-frame eyeglasses, or metal
fasteners for your clothing.
Remember: Metal objects are good conductors
After service, reinstall all safety shields, guards, labels, and ground
wires. Replace any safety device that is worn out or defective.
Finally, reinstall all covers correctly before returning the unit to the
customers.
Electrical safety
Electric current from power, telephone, and communication cables can be
hazardous. To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, disconnect the
attached power cords, telecommunications systems, networks and modems
before you open the server/workstation covers, unless instructed otherwise
in the installation and configuration procedure.
Precautions
Disconnect all power before:
Performing a mechanical inspection
Working near power supplies
Removing or installing main units
Before starting work on the machine, unplug the power cord.
Never assume that power has been disconnected from a circuit. First,
check that it has been powered-off.
Always look carefully for possible hazards in your work

Moist floors
Non-grounded power extension cables
Power surges.
If an electrical accident occurs:
Use caution
Switch off power
Send another person to get medical aid
Safety Inspection Guide
1. These steps will help you to identify potentially unsafe conditions on
these products:
Check exterior covers for damage (loose, broken, or sharp edges)
Power-off computer. Disconnect the power cord.
The power cord should be the appropriate type.
Insulation on the power cord must not be frayed or worn out.
Remove the cover.
Check for any obvious alteration. Use good judgment as to the
safety of any alterations.
Check for worn out, frayed or pinched cables.
Check that the power-supply cover fasteners (screws or rivets)
have not been removed or tampered with.
Self Check 2.3-1

Place your answer on a separate sheet.
1. Give the functions of each component.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Memory
Video card
NIC
Motherboard
HDD
2. Factors to consider when replacing a component.

1.
2.
3.
Answer Key
1. Give the functions of each component.
1. Memory- is technically any form of electronic storage; it is used most
often to identify fast, temporary forms of storage. It is commonly called
RAM (Random Access Memory).
2. Video card - is also referred to as a graphics accelerator, is an item of
personal computer hardware whose function is to generate and output
images to a display.
3. NIC - is also known as LAN card. A PC interface to network cabling. It
is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow computers to
communicate over a computer network
4. Motherboard - is also known as the mainboard. It contains circuits

that perform various functions.
5. HDD - is a fixed computer storage medium
2. Factors to consider when replacing a component.
1. Compatibility of the component or part
2. Consider the component specification
3. Components form factor

Adjustments, Modifications and Upgrading your PC
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to
Adjust, Modify and Upgrade your PC
Upgrading Your Computer Components

To upgrade means to change some parts with faster and better performing
ones. These parts may even cost less and more powerful.
Commonly Upgraded Computer Parts:
Monitors- replaced old CRT monitors to new LCD
monitors.
Optical drives- old cd-rom drives are commonly

replaced with DVD-ROM and DVD writers.
Hard Drives- small capacity hard drives are replaced with

faster and high capacity hard drives.
Keyboards and mouse- keyboards and mouse are commonly replaced

with optical mouse and wireless keyboards.
RAM (Random Access Memory)- upgrading the computers memory

RAM speeds up the performance of the computer
or
Video cards- upgrade computers graphics card to improve the computers

performance in terms of graphics and games.
Processors- replacing the possessors increases the data processing

speed.
Modem- installing a modem enables your computer to connect to the

internet.
How to Speed up the Computer
1. Defragmenter utility: Automatically analyzes the empty disk space on the

hard disk and defrag all scattered files.
2. Shutdown Unnecessary programs: Close all unwanted programs at the

Windows startup and this will automatically increase the windows loading
time and speed of the computer will also be increased.
Close the
unnecessary
programs
3.Increased memory: increasing the memory in the system will result to

exceptional speed of your computer.
4. Disk Cleanup: You can

delete unwanted programs and
files from your computer and
this will be helpful in
increasing the speed.
5. Empty Recycle Bin: Delete all the files and

folders from the recycle bin and you will get the
space of C drive for reusability.
Memory Upgrade
To make your computer faster you can upgrade its memory, here are the
steps in upgrading your computers memory
1. Remove the memory modules from the
slot.
2. In Fig 1.2 the notches we have marked as

A are used for the ejector clip on the DIMM
slot.
The notches we have marked as B are used to
align the memory module with the DIMM slot
key C as shown in Fig 1.3.
In Fig 1.3 you can see the ejector clips (D),
using your finger, push these into the down
position as shown in Fig 1.3 this allows the
memory to be inserted.
3. Now you are ready to install the module,
ensuring the notches line up with the keys
gently but firmly push the memory into the
slot until it is seated fully(see Fig 1.4), the
ejector clips should rise to the vertical
position as shown in Fig 1.5.
4. Now your memory is installed. Be sure you
haven't loosened any cables while working and
also ensure that the memory module is fully
seated and the ejector clips are in the vertical
position.
Video card Upgrade

Installing the video card
Next take the video card (hold it by the edges) and line it up with the slot
paying careful attention to the alignment notch, when it is aligned correctly
press gently but firmly until the card is seated fully and evenly into the slot
(see fig 1.3).
When you are happy that the card is firmly in place, insert the fixing screw
fig 1.4 and check to make sure you haven't loosened anything during
installation.
Replace the case cover and reconnect the mains power.
When you reboot your machine Windows (or other OS) should find the card
automatically, it may then ask you to insert the disk/CD that came with
your video card, insert the CD and follow the on-screen instructions to
install the video card driver.
Hard Drive Upgrade

The first thing to do (after removing the case covers) is to locate the drive
bay where the hard drive will go (see fig 1.3 below).
In our example in fig 1.3 above we have a
drive already in the bay so you can see more
clearly where it should be situated.
The
next
step
is
to
attach
the
IDE
and
power
cables.
In fig 1.4 below you can see a standard IDE Cable, note there are 3
connections (notice the difference in distance between the connectors),
connection A plugs into the motherboard and then the slave and master
connections are used for IDE devices such as hard drives, if you are only
installing one drive or the new drive is to be the master then use the master
connector, if the drive is to be the slave
then
use
the
slave
connector.
The IDE cable will be marked down one
side with a red or black strip, this denotes Pin 1, match this with the Pin 1
indicator on the back of the hard drive.
The power cable you will find in your case attached
to your power supply.
Self Check 2.3-2

Write down the process of upgrading the following component:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Answer key
1. Monitors- replaced old CRT monitors to new LCD monitors.
2. Optical drives- old cd-rom drives are commonly replaced with
DVD-ROM and DVD writers.
3. Keyboards are commonly replaced with wireless keyboards
4. Hard Drives- small capacity hard drives are replaced with faster
and high capacity hard drives.
5. Mouse- commonly replaced with optical mouse
TASK SHEET 2.3.1

Title
: Hardware Upgrade
: Given the tools and materials, upgrade your
computer by installing a network card.
Supplies/Tools
Tools/Equipment
: Philip Screw Deriver

Anti-static wrist strap
Anti-static mat
: Working Computer
Network Card
Steps/ Procedure:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Prepare the needed tools, supplies & materials

Install the network card
Start the computer
Make necessary configuration
Test the functionality of the network card.
Assessment Method:

Did you
CRITERIA
1. Observed safety precautions

2. Used appropriate tools in upgrading
3. Made necessary improvement and adjustment in
terms of upgrading.
4. Installed driver properly.
Yes
No

Determining Defective Components
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Determining
Defective Components
Testing Procedures
Deciding When to Test the System.

and defects
Preparing to Test the System . Its recommended that you should

not plug your computer and monitor directly to a wall outlet. Rather,
you should purchase a UPS (uninterruptible power supply). The UPS
serves as a surge protector to prevent your system from being
damaged if a power spike is delivered to it and when power will fail
unexpectedly. The UPS gives you time to save your work and properly
shut down your system. If a system is turned off and back on rapidly,
its probably not good for the system. A very short power drop could
mimic this effect and could be hard on both the computer and the
monitor.
Identify computer symptoms
Test Your Computer Memory RAM

I want to do this!
Most Computer Memory comes with a life time warranty from the
manufacturer but this can be very inconvenient. You can return memory
easily to the seller in the 1st 2 weeks but most problems show themselves
much later and it always seems to happen when you need your computer
the most. Learn how to detect problems in the 1st 8 hours after you install
memory and save yourself from headaches and inconvenience down the
road.
Memory is an easy upgrade but how do you know its running at the
advertised speed? Do you know for sure its running error free? Memory can
arrive from the seller and have a defects that won't be seen for weeks or a
months. But then it happens. Blue screens, freezing, memory errors,
spontaneous reboots. All signs of defective memory. Read on to learn how to

protect yourself from buying bad memory.
Instructions
Things You'll Need:
New memory
CD burner
Blank CD-R or CDRW
1. We will assume you know how to buy the right memory. If not, visit
my article on buying the right memory.
2. Shut down your PC, unplug your computer, and Open the cover.
TIP: If you have toggle switch on the back of your power supply, you
can add more safety by turning the switch off and leaving the
computer plugged into the wall outlet. Yes, leave it plugged with the
hard power switch off. This provides an excellent ground to your
computer with no actual power applied.
3. we have 2 sticks of new memory rated for our computer.
Lets assume our computer has 4 slots. 2 slots are filled, 2 are empty.
With the case open, open the levers on the side of the installed memory
sticks and remove them. Put them in a safe place.
4. Insert the new memory sticks in the same place the old sticks were and
lock the levers. The reason we are doing these extra steps is so we can
test the new memory. Leaving in the old memory can affect the new
memory's speed reading or even errors in the old memory will not be
clearly the fault of the old memory.
5. Turn on the power and boot up. Watch for the prompt to access SETUP
or BIOS. Most popular keys for this are DEL, F2, or F10.
6. Inside the BIOS or Setup screen, look for the section called memory.
Check to see the memory is running at the speed you purchased and
displays the full amount you purchased. Exist setup and allow computer
to boot up fully.
7. Download Memtest86+ 2.11. Its free and supports DDR2 and DDR3
memory. Unzip the file and create a CD using the ISO file using your
favorite cd burner program. This is a bootable CD.
8. Reboot the PC and insert the CD you just made before the post screen is
done. Assuming your PC is set to boot from the CD first,(most are), the CD
will start up the MEMTEST program and start running. This will run over
and over. It will also count how many times its run and the number of errors
it encounters. The number of errors should be zero.
9. Let it run for up to 8 hours. Once you are satisfied, exit the program
using the legend on screen. Remove the CD, and turn off the computer.
10. You now know you have reliable memory that will likely last for years to
come
How to Tell if a Motherboard Is Defective
I want to do this!
The motherboard is the backbone of your computer as it is the piece that all
of the other components are connected to. If your computer will not boot up
properly or power on at all the problem may potentially lie with the
motherboard. Because so many other components are connected to the
motherboard you will need to troubleshoot each other part first.
Instructions
Things You'll Need:
Screwdriver
Replacement processor
Replacement RAM modules
Replacement video card
1. Turn the computer off and then remove the power cable from the
electrical wall outlet. Plug a power cable from a different electrical device
into the outlet and power it on so that you can rule out the outlet as your
problem. Connect the computer's power cable back into the outlet.
2. Power the computer back on and place your hand behind the case near
the power supply. Wait a few moments to see if any air is pushed out of
the power supply by the cooling fan. Replace the power supply instead of
the motherboard if the fan is not working.
3. Shut down the computer again and pull out all of the cables from the
back side of the case. Remove any other devices you have connected to
the front ports on the computer such as a USB printer or jump drive.
4. Set down the computer so that the left side panel is facing towards you.
Unlock the side panel from the computer case by removing the case
screws if there are any. Twist of the thumbscrew or pull up on the metal
holding latch if the computer does not use case screws.
5. Remove the screws holding any expansion cards to the case and then pull
them off the motherboard. Pull out all of the cables running from the
motherboard to the power supply and drive bays. Pull out the screws
holding the motherboard to the case. Pull the motherboard straight up
out of the case and set it down carefully on a flat non-metal surface.
6. Check to make sure that there is no physical damage to the motherboard
such as bent pins or burnt transistors. Purchase a new motherboard and
place it back in the case if there is any visible damage.
7. Remove the screws holding the power supply to the case and slide it out
of the drive bay. Set it down near the motherboard and connect the SATA
cable from the motherboard to the power supply. Connect the power cable
from the power supply to a wall outlet. Plug cable from the computer's
monitor into the corresponding port on the motherboard.
8. Remove the RAM modules and replace them with another set. Press down
the power button on the motherboard with a screwdriver or another flat
object. Wait to see if the computer loads up without error, which will
indicate that the problem is with the RAM modules instead of with the
motherboard.
9. Power the motherboard back off and replace the processor with a
different one. Turn the motherboard back on and see if the system boots
up normally, which will indicate a defective processor.
10. Turn the motherboard off and replace the video card with a different one.
Power the motherboard on and see if the system boots up, which will
indicate a defective video card.
11. Replace the motherboard if the system still will not boot up after all of the
other components have been checked.
How to Know If a Sound Card Is Bad

I want to do this!
You turn on your computer one morning, hoping to listen to the morning
news, but there's one tiny little problem. You're not getting any sound out of
the speakers. A few simple steps will determine what is wrong.
Instructions
Things You'll Need:
Extra set of speakers
Another computer
Internet access
1.
Try restarting the computer to see if it does it again. It may be a freak

incident.
2.
If that doesn't work then check to make sure that

everything is plugged in and is turned on. This
includes checking the wires from the speakers to the
computer and making sure the speakers have power.
Also check to see if the volume isn't muted or turned
down extremely low.
3.
Check to see if the driver is working. Click the start menu, right click
on the computer icon, and select properties. On the left
hand side under task select device manager and select
sound, video and games controller. Double click on your
sound device to bring up the properties page. From here
it will tell you if your sound card is working properly or not. If it isn't try
reinstalling the sound card driver. If the sound card is not showing up at
all, then it might be defective.
4.
The next step is to rule out the speakers. Either take them and hook
they up to another computer to see if they work or you can take different
speakers and hook it up to the computer to see if they work. If they do
work chances are the card is defective.
5.
Before ruling out the sound card is toast, try rolling Windows back to
an earlier date by using System Restore which is located under
accessories > System Tools. Restore the computer to a few days before the
problem started to happen.
Self Check 2.3-3

TRUE OR FALSE: Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is
False.
____1. Its recommended that you should plug your computer and
monitor directly to a wall outlet.
____2. The motherboard is the backbone of your computer as it is the
piece that all of the other components are connected to.
____3. If your computer will not boot up properly or power on at all the
problem may potentially lie with the keyboard.
____4. You must turn the computer off before removing any component
from the motherboard.
____5. The first step in troubleshooting your PC is to restart the system.
Answer Key
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
F
T
F
T
T
JOB SHEET 2.3-1

: PC Troubleshooting
Title
Supplies
Tools/Equipment
Given the necessary tools, materials and

equipment, perform PC testing and
troubleshooting.
: Manuals
: Defective Computer Unit, Automatic Voltage
Regulator (AVR), Power Cables, Sound card, Video
card, Screw Diver
Steps/ Procedure:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Prepare the needed tools, supplies and materials.

Test and find defective component of the given pc.
Replace the defective component.
Test the functionality by starting computer.
Assessment Method:
Did you
Criteria
1. Plugged in the power cable properly.

2. Connected AVR to the Power source properly.
3. Carefully observed safety precautions.
4. Identified and replaced defective component.
5. Replaced defective devices successfully.
6. Repaired defective PC successfully.
7. Observed OHS Procedures.
YES
NO
LEARNING
OUTCOME 4
TEST SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
CONTENTS:
Guidelines for testing computer system
Advance networking
Computer systems operation
Digital electronics
Communications
2. Computer systems and networks are tested in accordance with the job
requirements
3. Information are shared from one computer to another as primary requirement
in computer networking
4. Reports are prepared and completed according to the company requirements
CONDITION:
Servers
Printers
Network cable tester
Papers (for report generation)
Workstations
Procedures and guidelines for testing
Hubs
AC line (to supply power)
References:
Andres Sr., Antonio M. Introduction of Computer. Fully Illustrated,
Valenzuela City; May 2003 World Class Publishing and Packaging
Sto. Domingo, Josephine C.,Learning Windows XP and Internet the Easy
Way Computers - The Easy Way
EVALUATION METHOD:
Demonstration & Oral Questioning
Written Test
Learning Outcome 4
TEST SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
Learning Activities
Testing Computer System
3. Perform Task Sheet 2.4-1

Testing a Computer Unit

Enumerating unpredicted events
facilitator.
If
you
feel
you
are
now
module.
you can now perform task Sheet
again.
Compare
your
work
to
the
performance checklist. If you got
100% correct answer in this task,
you can now move to the next
information sheet. If not review the
task again.
facilitator.
do Task Sheet 2.4-2 provided in the
module.
Error codes

task, you can now move to the next
self-check. If not review the
task again.
you can now move to the next
Competency. If not review the
self-check again.

Testing Computer System
Learning Objective:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to Test Computer
System
Three Major Components of Computer System:

Hardware
Software
Firmware
Test Your Hardware
Checking your computer hardware and its peripherals
1. Computer Monitor and its peripherals
Monitor and interface cables
Video card
Monitor power cable
Interface cables
Video cards
Monitor power
cable
2. Keyboard and Mouse

Keyboard connector
Mouse Connector
Keyboard connecter
Mouse connector
3. I/O port and devices

Connection between the I/O port and the peripheral device
A faulty cable between the I/O port and the peripheral device
A faulty peripheral device
Incorrect settings in the System Setup program
Incorrect settings in the system's configuration files
Faulty I/O port logic on the system board
SerialI/O
ports
circuit board
Parallell ports
4. Power supply
Power cord
Fuse
Power cord
Fuse
Power plug
Power supply
Testing Your Software

Check the different software installed in the computer.
1. Operating system
Run live updates for your operating systems to get the latest
patches and protection for your OS.
Run registry scanners to check the OS registry configuration
2. Application Software
Check for live updates
3. Anti-virus software
Run anti-virus program
Check for virus signature updates
Check for spyware updates
Test Your Firmware

Firmware- a combination of hardware and software integrated on a chip.
How do you test your firmware?
Example: Check for the correct configuration on your firmware, you can
accomplish this by configuring the BIOS in the computer
Sample Accomplishment Report Form

Task to be accomplished
Hardware component testing
Working
properly
Status
Not working
properly
Working
properly
Status
Not working
properly
Software testing
Self Check 2.4-1

Match the given peripheral devices to the following.
1. Computer Monitor
2. Keyboard and Mouse
3. Power supply
Answer Key
1. Computer Monitor ---E
2. Keyboard and Mouse- C & D
3. Power supply- A & B
TASK SHEET 2.4-1
Title
: Testing a Computer Unit
Given the necessary tools, supplies and materials, test
the following computer peripherals and equipment with
the use of the tools provider. Document your testing
with the use of an accomplishment form.
: Multi-tester
Screw driver
Keyboard and mouse
Bond paper
Ruler and Pencil
Supplies /Tools
Equipment
: Computer unit
Monitor
Power cables
Steps/ Procedures:
1. Prepare the necessary tools and materials.
2. Prepare observation checklist
3. Start the computer.
4. Test the different component of your PC.
5. Accomplish the observation checklist.
Assigned Task
Hardware component testing
Computer monitor
Power supply
Keyboard
Mouse
Assessment Method:
Condition
Working
Not working
properly
properly
Did you
CRITERIA
1. Followed sequence of steps in testing.

3. Used appropriate tools in testing.
4. Accomplished report are filled-up properly.
Yes
No

Enumerating unpredicted events
Learning Objective:
Enumerating unpredicted events and errors in personal computer.
Error Beep codes
When a PC is first switched on or reset it performs a special diagnostic test

called a POST (Power-On Self Test), to check all of the components in the PC
the POST program sends out a signal to each device initializing each device's
built-in self test procedure.
The POST test is a two stage process:
1. First it will check all of the basic components including among other
things the system clock, the processor, RAM, the keyboard controller and
the Video
2. After the video has been tested the BIOS
will then indicate any errors encountered by
displaying either a numeric code or a text
message on the screen.
When a device fails the first part of the POST,
the BIOS will send a series of beeps from the PC's speaker (internal) to
inform the PC user that there is a problem, these beeps are coded allowing
the user to diagnose the troublesome component.
When the POST has been completed successfully the PC will make a short
beep to let the user know everything is as it should be.
Three major brands of BIOS chip
1. AWARD BIOS
2. Phoenix BIOS
3. AMI BIOS
Each type of BIOS chip has it own error code
AMI BIOS ERROR BEEP CODES
Indicator
1 Beep
Error message
Memory refresh
failure
Memory parity error
Solutions
Check memory
3 Beeps
Memory read/write
error
Check memory
4Beeps
Motherboard timer
not functioning
Processor error
Replace
motherboard
Replace processor
6 Beeps
Gate A20/keyboard
controller failure
Replace
motherboard
7 Beeps
Processor exception
interrupt
Replace processor
8 Beeps
Display memory
read/write failure
Replace video card
9 Beeps
ROM checksum
error
Replace BIOS
chip/Motherboard
10 Beeps
CMOS shutdown
read/write error
Replace BIOS
chip/Motherboard
11 Beeps
Bad cache memory
Replace cache
memory
2 Beeps
5Beeps
Check memory
Phoenix BIOS ERROR BEEP CODES

Phoenix BIOS beep codes are a series of beeps separated by a pause, for
example:
beep --- beep beep --- beep --- beep beep would be 1-2-1-2
Indicator
1-1-4-1
1-2-2-3
Error message
Cache error
BIOS ROM
Checksum
Solutions
Check cache
memory
Check BIOS ROM
1-3-1-1
DRAM test rate
Check DRAM
1-3-1-3
Keyboard controller
Check keyboard
1-3-4-1
1-3-4-3
1-4-1-1
2-1-2-3
2-2-3-1
test
RAM failure
controller
Check memory
RAM failure data

bits of low memory
bus
RAM failure data
bits of high memory
bus
ROM copyright
notice
Test for unexpected
interrupt
Check memory
Check memory
Check ROM
AWARD BIOS ERROR BEEP CODES

Indicator
Error message
Solutions
One long beep and

two short beeps
Video error
Replace video card
Two short beeps
Non-fatal error
Reset RAM, Check

other components.
TASK SHEET 2.4-2

Title
: Error codes
: Given the tools and equipment, identify the
different error code by removing the cards in
the computer unit
Tools/Supplies
Equipment
: Screw drivers
Anti-static wrist strap
: Computer unit
Steps/ Procedure:
1. Prepare necessary tools, materials and equipment.
2. Remove card and identify error code.
3. Record the result of your test
Assessment Method:
Demonstration with questioning , Performance Criteria checklist

You will be assessed using the following criteria
Evaluation:
CRITERIA
1. Observed of safety precautions.
2. Used Appropriate tools in testing.
3. Identified the error.
Yes
No
Self Check 2.4-2

Place your answers on a separate paper:
Answer the following questions
1. What does the acronym POST stand for?
2. Three types of BIOS chip? Enumerate the three common brands of
Bios
Chip?
3. Identify the following error codes:
1-2-2-3
1-3-4-1
2-1-2-3
1-1-4-1
1-3-1-1
Answer key 2.4-2

1. POST- Power On Self Test
2. BIOS brands
a. AMI
b. AWARD
c. Phoenix
3. Identify the error code:
1-2-2-3= BIOS ROM checksum
1-3-4-1=RAM Failure
2-1-2-3=ROM copyright notice
1-1-4-1=Cache error
1-3-1-1=DRAM fresh rate
INSTITUTIONAL EVALUATION
EVIDENCE PLAN
TRAINEES NAME
FACILATATORS NAME
Ways in which evidence will be collected:

[tick the column]
The evidence must show that the candidate

1.
Faults and error of computer system properly determined.*
Interview
1. Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer Systems and

Networks
Witten Test
UNIT OF COMPETENCY
COVERED
Demonstration
QUALIFICATION
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance with its uses

and functions.
Safety precautions established in accordance with workplace
procedures.*
Components or parts of computer system clearly identified
Functions of the computer systems explained
Faults and failures of the computer systems diagnosed base on
the job requirements*
Defective components properly replaced and corrected*
Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line with
standard procedures*
Defective components identified and separated to other
components
Computer systems and networks are tested in accordance with
the job requirements
Information are shared from one computer to another as
primary requirement in computer networking
Reports are prepared and completed according to the company
requirements
Faults and error of computer system properly determined.*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
NOTE: *Critical aspects of competency
DEMONSTRATION CHECKLIST
TRAINEES NAME
TRAINERS NAME
QUALIFICATION
UNIT OF COMPETENCY
COVERED

2. Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer
Systems and Networks
DATE OF EVALUATION
TIME OF EVALUATION
INSTRUCTIONS FOR DEMONSTRATION
Given the necessary materials, tools and equipment, the trainee must be able to perform the
following within four (4) hours
Install Computer Systems and Networks
Materials & Equipment
Observation:
1. Faults and error of computer system properly
determined.
/ to show if evidence is
demonstrated
Yes
No
N/A
2. Tools (hardware/software) identified in accordance

with its uses and functions.
3. Safety precautions established in accordance with
workplace procedures.
4. Components or parts of computer system clearly
identified
6. Faults and failures of the computer systems
diagnosed base on the job requirements
7. Defective components properly replaced and
corrected
8. Error in networks clearly identified and repaired in line
with standard procedures
9. Defective components identified and separated to
other components
10. Computer systems and networks are tested in
accordance with the job requirements
11. Information are shared from one computer to another
as primary requirement in computer networking
12. Reports are prepared and completed according to the
company requirements
QUALIFICATION: COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING NC II

UNIT OF COMPETENCY: INSTALL COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS: ( For the candidate)
A. Given the necessary tools, materials and equipment, perform
the following
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
PC testing and troubleshooting

Identify faulty connection of Computer and Peripherals.
Upgrade your computer by installing a network card.
Upgrade the previous operating system to XP or Higher.
Troubleshoot network connection.
Duration: 2 hours
Accomplish the following before the allotted time.
COMPETENCY EVALUATION RESULT SUMMARY

TRAINEES NAME
FACILITATORS NAME
QUALIFICATION
DATE OF EVALUATION
TIME OF EVALUATION
The Performance of the Trainee in the following assessment
Satisfactory
Not
methods
[ Please Tick appropriate box]
Satisfactory
A. Demonstration
1. Diagnose & troubleshoot Computer Systems and
network.
Did the trainees overall performance meet the required
evidences/standards?
Recommendation
For re-evaluation ________________________________
Qualified to take the Next Competency
General comments [Strengths/Improvement Needed]
Trainees Signature
Date:
Facilitators Signature:
Date:

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INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

COMPUTER HARDWARE SEVICING NC II

Technical Education and Skills Development

SUMMARY OF COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

Install computer systems and

Diagnose and Troubleshoot

Configure computer systems

Maintain computer systems

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

Diagnose and Troubleshoot Computer

Fuse Protective device against power surges

CPU Central Processing Unit

Plan and prepare for diagnosis of faults of computer

Procedures and guidelines

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

2.1-2 Plan and

4. Answer self-check 2.1-2

5. Do Task Sheet 2.1-1

6. Read information sheet

7. Answer self-check 2.1-2

8. Read information sheet

9. Answer self-check 2.1-4

of the information sheet dont hesitate to

10. Do Job Sheet 2.1-1

2.1-2. If you got 100% correct answer in

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1.1

as your computer ever stopped working for no apparent reason? The

How to prevent future freezes

System error 51 has occurred - The remote computer is not available

More troubleshooting here System error 67 has occurred

cached credentials, you may be unable to access network resources because

Symptoms: When using net use \\remotecomouter\ahredname, you may

SELF CHECK 2.1-1

You can ping a host

When using net view

1) When you log on to

Make sure server service is running on

This may cause because of attempting to

When using net view 1) make sure Client for MS Networks is

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-2

Hardware settings: Check the hardware settings in the CMOS and in

Notice changes: When you notice a software or hardware error in

Make notes: Troubleshooting is a big learning option and we can

Sample Diagnostic Plan

Common Trouble for Computer Units

Diagnosing Network Connection

SELF CHECK 2.1-2

TASK SHEET 2.1.1

Performance Criteria Checklist

1. Followed sequence of steps in diagnosing.

2. Observed safety precautions.

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-3

2. Pliers and tweezers- is used for picking small

3. Soldering iron- is primarily used for connecting

4. Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray- are used to eliminate

5. Lens cleaner-is used for cleaning optical media, such as DVD-ROMS

Network Troubleshooting Tools

Self Check 2.1-3

ANSWER KEY 2.1-3

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1-4

Malware and Adware Utilities