Académique Documents
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Table of Contents
Introduction
Introduction
Underground constructions
Tunnels
Final remarks
Final remarks
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
Soil-structure interaction
s1s3 [MN/m]
e1 [%]
design
Frankfurt Clay
Marl
Sandstone
Rocky Marl
Gypsum
Dubai Sandstone
construction
utilisation
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
Flerbrcke
80 kN/m2
Frankfurt Limestone
800 kN/m2
200
400
600
800
Commerzbank
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
Frankfurt
clay
Frankfurt
limestone
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
60
40
5m
20
0
-20
0
10
15
20
25
30
Load [MN]
59,00 msl
D = 1.7 m
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
oberes
Pfahlsegment
Upper
segment
4040
3030
2020
1010
00
-10
-10
-20
-20
0
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
Load [MN]
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
10
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
5m
10
15
20
25
30
Load [MN]
59,00 msl
D = 1.7 m
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
11
40
40
30
30
Verschiebung [mm]
20
20
10
10
00
Intermediary
segment
mittleres
Pfahlsegment
-10
-10
unteres
Pfahlsegment
Lower
segment
-20
-20
-30
-30
-40
-40
-50
-50
-60
-60
-70
-70
00
55
Sum of load: 78 MN
Introduction
High-rise buildings
10
10
15
15
20
20
25
25
30
30
Last[MN]
[MN]
Load
Tunnels
Final remarks
12
Load test:
- max. 32 MN
- max. settlement of pile head: 0.7 cm
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
13
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
14
F L
s 2
EA
s E A
0.5 F
E = 31,000 MN/m2
A = 1.3 m2
F = 32 MN
s = 0.7 cm
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
15
used length
of test pile:
18 m
full length
of test pile:
40 m
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
16
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
17
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
18
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
19
Skin friction:
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
20
Base resistance:
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
21
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
22
Upper pile
segment
FEM
Measurement
Skin friction:
> 660 kN/m
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Middle pile
segment
Final remarks
23
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
24
March 2014
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
25
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
26
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
27
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
28
Pile resistance:
Raft resistance:
Rraft,k (s) ss, x, y dx dy
CPRF coefficient:
m
CPRF
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
R
j 1
pile , k , j
(s)
Rtot ,k ( s)
Final remarks
29
ISSMGE
Technical Committee TC 212 Deep Foundations
.
.
.
Details:
www.issmge.org/tc212
International
CPRF-Guideline
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
30
Settlements:
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
31
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
32
= 1.570 MN
64 x 11.3 MN
725 MN
845 MN
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
33
Savings in costs of
pile production
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
34
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
35
Excavation
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Struts
Primary Column
Tunnels
Final remarks
36
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
37
Savings in costs of
pile production:
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
38
Independent
peer review & controlling
(4-eye-principle)
new tunnel
constructions
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
39
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
40
Sagrada
Familia
Casa
Mil
Station
Sants
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
41
Sagrada Familia
Introduction
Casa Mil
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
42
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
43
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
44
45
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
46
Yellow
Red
< 2.0 cm
2.0 3.0 cm
> 3.0 cm
< 0.50 cm
0.50 cm 1.00 cm
> 1.00 cm
< 1/3,000
1/3,000 - 1/2,000
> 1/2,000
< 0.375 cm
0.375 0.75 cm
> 0.75 cm
< 0.05 cm
0.05 cm 0.10 cm
> 0.1 cm
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
47
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
48
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
49
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Casa Mil:
s < 0.2 cm
Casa Mil
1 km
Sagrada Familia
Sagrada Familia:
s < 0.1 cm
2 bar
10 MNm
4 cm/min
Tunnels
Final remarks
50
Final remarks
careful, well planned and monitored construction process is the
basis for realization of projects in the vicinity of sensitive structures
adequate geotechnical data aquisition (core drilling,
laboratory tests, field test, in-situ load tests)
3-dimensional numerical simulations considering
non-linear material behaviour of soil
independent peer review and controlling during
- planning phase
- design phase
- construction phase
- service phase (if necessary)
Control of the soil-structure interaction
Risk minimisation and quality assurance
Introduction
High-rise buildings
Tunnels
Final remarks
51
52