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The environment

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A . M a t c h t h e f i r s t p a r t o f e a c h s e n t e n c ei n t h e l e f t - h a n d c o l u m n w i t h i t s s e c o n dp a r t i n t h e
r i g h t - h a n d c o l u m n . U s e t h e w o r d s i n b o l d t o h e l p y o u . C h e c k t h a t e a c h s e n t e n c ey o u p u t
t o g e t h e r i s g r a m m a t i c a l l yc o r r e c t .

T'

1. Somemodernagriculturalmethodshavebeen
heavilycriticized,...

(A) ...inmanycountriespoachingis considered


moreseriousthan drug smuggling.

2. lf youwearafurcoatinpublic,...

( B ) . . . a n dr a r e b r e e dpsa r k s a r e v e r y p o p u l a r w i t h
many'

3. lt is illegalto kill pandas,tigers...


4. lf we don't do more to protect pandas,...

(c) "'in wildlife management'

prosramme
tt'
;;t5.n""":'Jl,"J.:::?i:ruation

peopte
in
areinterested
s. A rotof British
u n u s u aal n i m a l s , . . .

- !

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(E) "'they'llsoonbe extinct'

6. Nationalparksin Kenyaare currently


recruitingexperts...
forestsaroundthe
7. In an attemptto preserve
country...
8. we would like to carryout more scientific
study into rainforests...

(F) ...withbattery farming in particularreceiving


a lot of condemnation'
(G) ...itwasfascinating
to observetheir
naturalhehaviour'
(H) ...ona successful
pandabreedingprogramme.

I think...
9. I don't like zoosbecause

(l) ...keeping
animalsin captivityis cruel.

10. Isaw a fascinatingdocumentaryabout the


way animalslivein venezuelaand thought"'

(J) .,.orany other endangeredspecres.

(K) ...butit is often difficurtto get peopreto fund


the research.
11. In order to increasethe birth rate,the Chinese
governmenthasspenta lot of money"'
(L) ...youriskcomingunderattackfrom animal
rightsactivists.
12. Huntershavekilledso manyanimalsthat...
B . R e p l a c et h e e x p r e s s i o n si n b o l d w i t h a w o r d o r e x p r e s s i o nf r o m t h e b o x w h i c h h a s t h e s a m e
meaning.

unleaded petrol

fossil fuels

organrc
recycle(things) .
rain forest . global warming

g e n e t i c a l l ym o d i f i e d . g r e e n h o u s e .
environmentalists .
erosion .
contaminated .
b i o d e g r a d a b l ep a c k a g i n g .

acid rain

Green Belt

emissions
.

ecosystem

1. ln Britain,buildingis restrictedor completelybannedin the areaof farmingland or woods andparks


which surrounds a town.
2. Many companiesare developing boxes, cartons and cans which can easily be decomposedby
organisms such as bacteria,or by sunlight, sea,waten etc.
3. The burning of somefuels createscarbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, methaneand
other gaseswhich riseinto the atmosphere.
4. Farmershaveclearedhectaresof thick wooded land in tropical regionswhere the precipitationis very
high.

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The environment
5. Plantingtreesprovidessomeprotectionfrom the gradualwearingaway of soil.
6. We should all try to processwaste material so that it can be usedagain.
7. Thesepotatoesare cultivated naturally, without using any chemicalfertilisersor pesticides.
8. This bread is made from wheat which has been alteredat a molecularlevelso as to changecertain
characteristics
which can be inherited.
9. More and more carsare built to use fuel which has beenmade without leadadditives.
10. Pollutedprecipitationwhich kills treesfalls a long distanceaway from the sourceof the pollution.
11. Humanbeingshavehad a devastatingeffecton the living things,both largeand smal/,in manyparts
of the world.
12. The gasesand other substances
which comefrom factoriesusingoil, coal and other fuels which are
the remainsof plantsand animalscan causeseriousdamageto the environment.
13. Don't drink that water! lt's been made difi by somethingbeingadded to it.
14. Friendsof the Earth,Greenpeace
and other people concernedwith protecting the environmentare
holdinga forum in Londonnext month.
15. Theheating up of the earth's atmosphereby pollution is threatening life as we know it.
C . N o w l o o k a t t h i s e s s a ya n d c o m p l e t et h e g a p s w i t h o n e o f t h e w o r d s o r e x p r e s s i o n sf r o m
T a s k sA a n d B . I n s o m e c a s e s m
, o r e t h a n o n e a n s w e rm a y b e p o s s i b l eY
. o u m a y n e e dt o c h a n g e
the form of someof the words.
'Environmental

degradation is a major world problem. What causesthis problem, and what can
we do to prevent it?'
There is no doubt that the environmentis in trouble. Factoriesburn 1
which produce 2
, and this kills trees. At the same time,
gasesrise into the air and contributeto 4
which threatensto melt the polar ice cap.Meanwhile farmers clear huge areas of
in placessuch as the Amazon to produce feeding land for cattle
or producewood f or b u i Id i ng. Riversa nd oceansa resoheavily6
byindustria
I
wastethat it isno longersafeto go swimming.Carspump out poisonous7
w h i c hw e a l l h a v et o b r e a t h ei n . 8
andoverfishing
a r e k i l l i n go f f m i l l i o n s
o f a n i m a l si,n c l u d i n gw h a l e s ,e l e p h a n t sa n d o t h e r 9
. I n f a c t ,a l l a r o u n d
u s ,a l l l i v i n gt h i n g sl a r g ea n d s m a l lw h i c hc o m p r i s eo u r f i n e l yb a l a n c e d1 0
are being systematically
destroyedby human greed and thoughtlessness.
There is a lot we can all do, however;to help prevent this. The easiestthing, of course,is to
11
waste material such as paper and glass so that we can use it
again. We should also check that the things we buy from supermarketsare packaged in
12
packagingwhich decomposeseasily.At the same time, we should
make a consciouseffort to avoid foods which are 13
(at least until
someone proves that they are safe both for us and for the environment).lf you are truly
committedto protectingthe environment,of course,you shouldonly buy 14
fruit and vegetables,safe in the knowledgethat they have been naturallycultivated.Finally,
o f c o u r s ew
, e s h o u l db u y a s m a l lc a r t h a t u s e s1 5
which is lessharmfu
to the environmentor, even better;make more useof publictransport.
The serious16
, however,do much more.Theyare aware of the global
issuesinvolvedandwillactivelyinvolvethemselvesinlT
bymakingsureour
forestsarekeptsafeforfuturegenerations.
Theywilloppose
activitieswhich
areharmfulto animals,such
a s1 8
. A n d t h e y w i l l c a m p a i g nt o k e e pt h e 1 9
a r o u n do u r t o w n s a n d c i t i e sf r e e f r o m n e w b u i l d i n g .
We cannot all be as committed as them, but we can at leastdo our own little bit at grassroots
level.We, as humans,have inheritedthe earth, but that doesn'tmean we can do whateverwe like
with it.

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