02-LTE Test Solution Workshop BKK

Introducing the
Agilent Solutions for LTE
Design, Validation, Conformance and Manufacturing
Ken Yong Lee

Wireless Application Engineer
Agilent Technologies
Agenda
Agilent Solution Across Ecosystem for LTE
Design and validation

-
Transmitter Test with Agilent X-series Analyzer
Receiver Test with Agilent X-series Generator
Conformance Test
Network Deployment
Aerospace & Defense Symposium

Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2014
2
Agilent Solutions Across the Ecosystem for LTE
3D EM Simulation
SystemVue (BB)
ADS/GG (RF/A)
Vector signal
analysis
software
Signal Analyzers
with a variety of
wireless
Measurement Apps
Signal
Generators
with Signal
Studio
software
LTE / LTE-A
Signalling, RF
test platforms
Scopes and
Logic Analyzers
Interactive
functional test
(IFT) SW
Pre-conformance
Design
Simulation
Module and
Chipset
Development
RF and BB
Design
Integration
System
Design
Validation
Conformance
Manufacturing
Deployment
Protocol Development
Baseband generator
and channel emulator
Battery Drain
Characterization
RDX for
DigRF v4
Widest bandwidth
analysis for chipset
design & verification
Multi-channel
signal analysis
PXI
solutions
RF, RRM and

Protocol
Conformance and
DV test systems
Manufacturing test
platforms
RF Handheld
Analyzers
Agenda
Agilent Solution Across Ecosystem for LTE

-
Transmitter Test with Agilent X-series Analyzer
Receiver Test with Agilent X-series Generator
Conformance Test
Network Deployment

4
Transmitter Test with

Agilent X-Series Signal Analysis
Agilent X-Series Signal Analysis Portfolio

Common X-Series user interface
Code-compatible with legacy and all XSeries instruments
Jun 13
Real-time
Feb 13
Real-time
PXA X-Series
Drive your evolution
3 Hz to 26.5 GHz
3 Hz to 43/44/50 GHz
MXA X-Series
MXE EMI receiver
Accelerate in wireless
10 Hz to 26.5 GHz
Keep the test queue flowing

20 Hz to 26.5 GHz
PSA
Market leading
performance
3 Hz to 50 GHz
EXA X-Series
Balance the challenges
10 Hz to 26.5 GHz
10 Hz to 32/44 GHz
May 12
8560EC
Mid-performance
30 Hz to 50 GHz
CXA
Master the essentials
9 kHz to 7.5 GHz
9 kHz to 13.6/26.5 GHz
ESA
Dec 12
Apr 11
CSA
Low-cost portable
100 Hz to 6 GHz
Worlds most popular

100 Hz to 26.5 GHz
3GPP LTE RF Test Solutions

For Transmitter Test
X-Series (MXA/EXA)
Signal Analyzer
Multi-format Support
LTE, W-CDMA/HSPA/HSPA+,
GSM/EDGE/EDGE Evo, cdma2000, 1xEV-DO,
WiMAX, WLAN
Scalable Test Solutions

supports both FDD & TDD frame structures
89601 VSA Software
Ultimate analysis flexibility
for R&D
N9080A / N9082A Software

One button measurements
for conformance testing and
early mfg
tailor the capability & performance from SISO to

MIMO
easily upgrade as your test needs evolve

VSA software connects to X-Series
(PXA,MXA,EXA, CXA) signal analyzers,
oscilloscope, logic analyzer, and more
X-Series Measurement Applications

Broad coverage for todays multi-format needs
Cellular communication
LTE FDD/TDD
MSR
W-CDMA/HSPA+
GSM/EDGE/EVO
TD-SCDMA/HSPA
1xEV-DO
cdma2000/cdmaOne
iDEN/WiDEN/MotoTalk
Wireless connectivity
Mobile WiMAX
Fixed WiMAX
802.11 WLAN a/b/g/n/ac
Bluetooth
Digital video
CMMB
Digital cable TV
DTMB (CTTB)
DVB-T/H/T2
ISDB-T/Tmm
General purpose
Analog demodulation
Phase noise
Noise figure
VXA vector signal analysis
EMC
MATLAB
Pulse
Remote & SCPI language
compatibility
89600 VSA Software

Industry-leading analysis software for wireless R&D
Cellular
communications
LTE-Advanced FDD/TDD
LTE FDD/TDD
W-CDMA/HSPA/HSPA+
TD-SCDMA/HSPA
GSM/EDGE/EDGE Evo
cdma2000/1xEV-DO
Wireless
connectivity
Audio/video
broadcasting
Detection, positioning,
tracking & navigation
General
RF & MW
802.11ac WLAN
802.11n WLAN
802.11a/b/g/p/j WLAN
802.16 WiMAX
MB-OFDM UWB
RFID
ATSC, ATSC-M/H
DVB-C, DVB-S, DVB-S2
J.83A/B/C
DOCSIS, ISDB-C
DAB, DVB-T/H/SH
SOQPSK
Custom APSK
8-channel analysis
Time-gated analysis
Capture/playback
Multi-measurements
89600 VSA for simulation
Source control
AM/FM/PM demod
Flexible digital demod
Custom OFDM
Platforms: Signal analyzers, oscilloscopes, logic analyzers, modular instruments, simulink, ADS, SystemVue
Transmitter Characteristics eNB

6.2 Base Station Output Power
6.3 Output Power Dynamics
6.4 Transmit ON/OFF Power
6.5 Transmit Signal Quality
6.5.1 Frequency Error
6.5.2 Error Vector Magnitude
6.5.3 Time alignment between transmitter branches
6.5.4 DL RS power
6.6 Unwanted Emissions
6.6.1 Occupied bandwidth
6.6.2 Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio (ACLR)
6.6.3 Operating band unwanted emissions ( same as SEM)
6.6.4 Transmitter spurious emission
6.7 Transmit Intermodulation
Page 10
Transmitter Characteristics UE
6.2 Transmit Power
6.3 Output Power Dynamics
6.4 Control and Monitoring Functions
6.5 Transmit Signal Quality
6.5.1 Frequency error
6.5.2 Transmit modulation
- 6.5.2.1 Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)

- 6.5.2.2 IQ-Component
- 6.5.2.3 In-band Emissions
- 6.5.2.4 Spectrum Flatness
6.6 Output RF Spectrum Emissions
6.6.1 Occupied bandwidth
6.6.2 Out of band emission
- 6.6.2.1 Spectrum emission mask (SEM)
- 6.6.2.3 Adjacent channel leakage power ratio (ACLR)
6.6.3 Spurious emissions
6.7 Transmit Intermodulation
Page 11
Transmit Power UE
Does the UE transmit too much or too little?
MOP (Maximum Output Power)
Method: broadband power measurement (No change from
UMTS)
MPR (Maximum Power Reduction)

Definition: Power reduction due to higher order modulation and transmit
bandwidth (RB) this is for UE power class 3
A-MPR (Additional MPR)

Definition: Power reduction capability to meet ACLR and SEM
requirements
These methods are used to fine-tune the UE so that it can operate at high
data rates in deployments with higher spurious emissions and then scale
back its maximum power; for example, at the cell edge where the UE is
more sensitive to out-of-channel emissions.
Agilent 89601A VSA provides power

measurement for each active channel
after demodulation
Page 12
Channel power measurement using

swept spectrum analyzer
Occupied Bandwidth Requirement

Does most UE energy reside within its channel BW?
Occupied bandwidth
Measure the bandwidth of the LTE signal that contains
99% of the channel power
Minimum Requirement: The

occupied bandwidth shall be less than
the channel bandwidth specified in the
table below
Occupied channel bandwidth
Occupied Bandwidth [MHz]
1.08
2.7
4.5
13.5
18
Channel bandwidth (MHZ)
1.4
10
15
20
Page 13
ACLR Requirements UE case

Does the UE transmit in adjacent channels?
ACLR defined for two cases:
E UTRA (LTE) ACLR1 with rectangular measurement filter (No TX/RX Filter defined)
UTRA (W-CDMA) ACLR1 and ACLR 2 with 3.84 MHz RRC measurement filter with
roll-off factor =0.22.
fOOB
E-UTRA channel
Channel
E-UTRAACLR1
UTRA ACLR2
UTRAACLR1
RB
TR 36.101 v8.2.0 Figure 6.6.2.3 -1: Adjacent Channel Leakage requirements
Page 14
Transmitter Tester for RF Power Measurements

Agilents PXA, MXA and EXA signal analyzers have flexible power suite measurements that
can be set to make Channel Power, ACP, SEM and Spurious emission tests.
Page 15
Frequency Error Test (eNB and UE)

Does the eNB/UE accurately track UL/DL frequency?
If the frequency error is larger than a
few sub-carriers, the receiver demod
may not operate, and could cause
network interference
A quick test is use the Occupied BW measurement
(Agilent 89601A VSA SW shown)
An accurate measurement can then be made using
the demodulation process
Minimum Requirement (observed

over 1 ms):
UE: 0.1 PPM
BS: 0.05 PPM
Page 16
Analyzing the Equalizer Results from an Ideal

SC-FDMA signal
10 MHz IQ
constellation
Transition from RS unity circle to 16QAM
Page 17
Amplitude flatness 0.1 dB
Amplitude flatness for outer 10 RB
Phase flatness 0.5 degrees
Subcarrier relative flatness for outer 10 RB
EVM Measurement OFDMA & SC-FDMA

Various EVM metrics are available on 89601A LTE application:
Composite RMS EVM
Peak EVM
Data EVM
Reference Signal (pilot) EVM
EVM for individual active channels
EVM for non-allocated resource blocks
Page 18
Modulation Analysis
16QAM data plus CAZAC Reference Signal
The 16QAM data
channel
The reference
signal (pilot)
The Non-Allocated
subcarriers are
shown at the centre
(Note: this can be
turned off)
Page 19
EVM Traces to Reveal Filter Effects

Unique Agilent measurement capability
EVM vs. Subcarriers
EVM vs. Resource Block (RB)
The RBs and

subcarriers at
the edges
have high
EVM because
of the fast
roll-off of the
filter used.
As such, the edge RB is
unlikely to support 64QAM.
Page 20
Receiver Test with

Agilent X-Series Signal Generators
21
X-Series Signal Generators

Vector Signal Generator
Modulation BW : 160MHz
THE WORLDS BEST

PERFORMANCE
MOST SOPHISTICATED
REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS
LOWEST COST OF OWNERSHIP
Signal Studio & Embedded Software

Most Comprehensive & Sophisticated Applications
Cellular
communications
LTE/LTE-Advanced FDD
+ MIMO
WLAN 802.11a/b/g/n/ac
+MIMO
LTE/LTE-Advanced TDD
+ MIMO
Mobile WiMAX +MIMO

,
W-CDMA/HSPA+
GSM/EDGE/Evo
Audio/video
broadcasting
Wireless
connectivity
Bluetooth
- V1.1, V2.1+EDR
- Low Energy
Digital Video
- DVB-T/H/T2/C/S/S2
- J.83 Annex A/B/C
- DOCSIS DS
- ISDB-T/TB/TSB/Tmm
- DTMB(CTTB)
- CMMB
- ATSC, ATSC-M/H
Broadcast Radio:
- FM Stereo/RDS
- DAB/DMB/ETI
Detection, positioning,
tracking & navigation
General
RF & MW
GNSS - GPS,GLONAS,
Galileo,
Beidou(Compass),
SBAS, QZSS
Multitone
RADAR - FM chirp, step/AM
Phase Noise Impairment
step /BPSK, QPSK

/Barker, Frank &
polyphase codes
- PRI patterns,
signal impairments,
antenna radiation,
modulation import
Toolkit
Calibrated Noise (AWGN)

Custom Modulation
MATLAB
cdma2000/1xEV-DO
Legend
TD-SCDMA/HSDPA
Signal Studio software

5 Pack & 50 Pack Waveform Licensing
Embedded software
Partner products
ADS / SystemVue
Streaming (Xcom)
Multi-tone Distortion
Types of Receiver Test Uplink & Downlink
Receiver characteristics:
Reference sensitivity level
Dynamic range
Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS)
Blocking characteristics
Intermodulation characteristics
In-channel selectivity
Spurious emissions
Solving test needs:
Flexibility to easily create varying signals that simulate real-world conditions
Signal generation capability that evolves as the standard evolves to ensure
most accurate test results
Page 24
Signal Studio for LTE/LTE-A (N7624B/N7625B)

eNB Component and Receiver Test
Component Test
Signal Analyzer
DL E-TM
Receiver Characteristics Test

Fully coded UL FRC generation for
wanted carrier with FRC Wizard
All PUCCH formats with multi-user
configurations through PUCCH Wizard
Scenario based HARQ test
E-UTRA interferer generation
Supports LTE FDD and TDD
Spectrally-correct signals for ACLR,
channel power, spectral mask, and
spurious testing
Easy E-TM generation with pre-defined

settings with E-TM Wizard
Multi-carrier signal generation for
LTE-Advanced carrier aggregation
and MSR
CCDF graph and CCDF curve
adjustment using pre and post FIR filter
clipping
Supports both LTE and LTE-Advanced
FDD and TDD
eNB
Wanted, UL FRC
Interferer, E-UTRA/CW
Rx A

UE Component and Receiver Test
Component Tests
Signal Analyzer
UL RMC
Spectrally-correct signals for ACLR,

channel power, spectral mask, and
spurious testing
Easy UL RMC generation using predefined configuration with RMC Wizard
CCDF graph and CCDF curve
adjustment using pre and post FIR filter
clipping
Supports both LTE and LTE-Advanced
FDD and TDD
Receiver Characteristics and Functional Tests

Fully coded DL FRC generation for wanted
carrier with FRC Wizard
Tx diversity and up to 4x4 MIMO
Master information block (MIB) and userdefinable system information block (SIB)
E-MBMS testing with MCH/PMCH and
MBSFN RS
Scenario based HARQ test
E-UTRA interferer generation
Supports LTE FDD and TDD
UE
Wanted, DL FRC
Interferer, E-UTRA/CW
Rx

eNB Closed Loop Receiver Test (Real-time)
LTE Receiver Performance Test with Real-Time Signal Generation
eNB
Fader
RF
IN
OUT
RF
Rx A
RF
Rx B
Wanted, UL
RF
Interferer
HARQ/TA feedback
EXG/MXG vector signal generators

with Real-Time capability support
eNB Receiver Tests that require
closed loop feedback
Closed loop test support includes:
Retransmission with HARQ
(Hybrid ARQ) feedback
Timing adjustment with TA
(Timing Advance) feedback
EXG/MXG performs HARQ
retransmission and timing advance
(TA) operation based on the
received feedback in real-time
Signal Studio for real-time LTE
provides quick and easy FRC
configuration for both FDD & TDD
Real-Time SNR/AWGN control
2x2, 4x4 Spatial Multiplexing with CDD and Static Multipath Fading
MIMO
spatial matrix
Proper matrix is selected
Cyclic Delay Diversity
2x2 SDM
2x2
Enable each
Transmission Path
Page 28
LTE-A CA
Test Challenge: Characterizing the LTE-Advanced UE or eNB power amplifier presents
RF challenge. The different carrier aggregation configurations will stress the amplifier in
different ways since each will have different peak-to-average ratios.
Agilent Solution:
Signal Studio software generates LTE-Advanced
signals compliant to the Release 10 standard to
test power and modulation characteristics of
components and transmitters.
Configure up to
5 component
carriers
Supports up to 5 component carriers within up to

160 MHz I/Q bandwidth with MXG vector signal
generator
CCDF curve to get insight into the waveform
power statistics as system parameters are varied
29
Test Challenges: Analyze the Multiple Transmit and Receive Chains

Simultaneously
Test Challenge: For Release 10, the multiple component carriers must arrive at the
receiver at the same time, time alignment error of 1.3 s for inter-band and 130 ns for
intra-band. This requires simultaneous demodulation of the multiple component carriers
Agilent Solutions:
89600 VSA software
Inter-band and intra-band carrier

aggregation support for both uplink and
downlink, FDD and TDD
Hardware: X-Series signal analyzers or
N7109A multi-channel signal analyzer
Two component carriers at
800 MHz
One component
carrier at 2100 MHz
30
Inter-Band Carrier Aggregation Analysis

Test Challenge: Demodulating inter-band carrier aggregated signals require signal analyzer
with bandwidth that spans multiple frequency bands (ex. 800 MHz and 2100 MHz)
Resource block
Band A
Band B
Agilent Solution:
Dual input hardware, fully synchronized , plus 89600 VSA software. VSA software acquires
all the CCs simultaneously, demodulate the captured signals, and analyze them all
simultaneously
10 MHz Freq ref.
Time sync
OR
CC from
Band A
CC from
Band B
Dual signal analyzer
N7109A
Two CCs at 800 MHz
Three CCs at 2100 MHz
31
Test Challenges: Simultaneous Analysis of Inter-Band Aggregation

Plus Downlink MIMO
Test Challenge: when inter-band carrier aggregation is combined with spatial multiplexing
MIMO, it requires test tools that has a minimum of 4 inputs (two inputs per CC).
Agilent Solution:
Up to 8
channels
N7109A multi-channel signal analysis

system: 2, 4 or 8 channels, 40 MHz
demodulation BW per channel
Constellation
for CC0
Constellation
for CC1
MIMO
Info trace
for CC0
Frequency
response
for CC0
MIMO
Info trace
for CC1
Frequency
response
for CC0
Example of 2x2 MIMO and inter-band carrier aggregation with two

component carriers
32
Agenda
-
Transmitter Test
Receiver Test
Conformance Test
Network Deployment

33
Defining Conformance
Specific set of tests performed:
According to standards
By an approved test lab (could be manufacturers own)
On an approved test platform
Only devices that pass the tests can be released into the market
All other types of tests are called pre-conformance or D&V
Test Specs
(TS..)
Test Platform
(TP..)
- A set of test cases

- Includes bands of operation
- Constantly evolves, over
releases
- Approved test systems/tools

/instruments
- RF, PCT or RRM
- Must keep pace with standards
- Covers 80-90% of TS to be
approved
Validation
- Done by test lab to approve
test case implementation and
test platform
34
Conformance Test Categories
Regulatory Conformance & Industry Conformance
Regulatory Approval
e.g. CE, FCC,
Industry Approval
e.g. GCF, PTCRB,
NFC/BT Logo
Certified Product
35
Challenges of LTE UE Testing
Many different LTE bands defined

Represent additional test requirements besides the inclusion of both
Frequency Division (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) modes.
OFDM
The use of multiple subcarriers instead of single carrier dramatically
increases the number of combinations under test.
Bandwidth
Different System BW are defined which makes more difficult to designers
optimize parameters valid for all bandwidths.
Fading & AWGN simulators are required
Fading simulators and AWGN generators are required tools for testing
LTE device robustness due to multipath reception and noise interference
effects.
36
Challenges of LTE UE Testing
Testing time
Due to the flexibility of the LTE air interface, the number of permutations
that could be tested is enormous and therefore the testing time required
to execute them.
Inter-RAT requirements
Testing LTE UEs require exercising other radio access technologies
(RAT) supported, as well as new inter-RAT tests required by the addition
of LTE.
37
LTE RF Testing Definitions
3GPP TS 36.101 establishes the minimum RF characteristics and minimum performance

requirements for E-UTRA User Equipment (UE)
3GPP TS 36.521-1 specifies the measurement procedures for the conformance Radio
transmission and reception tests of the UE based on the requirements established by the TS 36.101
Four different sets of Tests are defined classified by the block of functionality under test:
Chapter 6: Transmitter Characteristics
Chapter 7: Receiver Characteristics
Chapter 8: Performance Requirement
Chapter 9: Reporting of Channel State Information
38
Transmitter Characteristics
Transmit Power:
To verify the UE maximum output power; a too high maximum output power
may interfere other channels, a too small maximum output power decreases
the coverage area.
Output Power Dynamics:

To verify the UEs ability to accurately transmit with a broadband output
power for different power levels.
Transmit Signal Quality:
To verify the UE output signal quality. All the results are derived using the
same common algorithm (Global in-channel as described in TS 36.521-1
Annex E).
Output RF Spectrum Emissions:
To verify that unwanted emissions are below the requirements.
Transmit intermodulation:
It validates the capability of the transmitter to inhibit the generation of
signals in its non linear elements
39
Transmitter Test Cases

Clause
6.2.2
6.2.3
6.2.4
6.2.5
6.3.2
6.3.4.1
6.3.4.2.1
6.3.4.2.2
6.3.5.1
6.3.5.2
6.3.5.3
6.5.1
6.5.2.1
6.5.2.1A
6.5.2.2
6.5.2.3
6.5.2.4
6.6.1
6.6.2.1
6.6.2.2
6.6.2.3
6.6.3.1
6.6.3.2
6.6.3.2-1
6.6.3.3
6.7
Title
UE maximum output power
Maximum power reduction (MPR)
Additional maximum power reduction (A-MPR)
Configure UE transmitted output power
Minimum output power
General ON/OFF time mask
PRACH time mask
SRS time mask
Power control absolute power tolerance
Power Control Relative Power Tolerance
Aggregate power control tolerance
Frequency error
Error vector magnitude (EVM)
PUSCH-EVM with exclusion period
IQ component
In-band emissions for non allocated RBs
Spectrum flatness
Occupied bandwidth
Spectrum Emission Mask
Additional Spectrum Emission Mask
Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio
Transmitter Spurious emissions
Spurious emission band UE co-existence
Spurious emission band UE co-existence (Rel-9)
Additional spurious emissions
Transmit intermodulation
40
Receiver Characteristics
Sensitivity:
To verify the UEs ability to receive data under conditions of low signal level,
ideal propagation and no added noise.
Maximum Input:
Tests the UEs ability to receive data under conditions of high signal level,
ideal propagation and no added noise.
Adjacent Channel Selectivity:

Tests the ability to receive data in the presence of an adjacent channel
signal at a given frequency offset from the center frequency under conditions
of ideal propagation and no added noise.
Blocking, spurious, intermodulation:

Measure of the receiver's ability to receive a wanted signal at its assigned
channel frequency in the presence of unwanted type of interferers
Spurious emissions:
Verifies that the UEs emissions generated or amplified in the receiver meet
the requirements
41
Receiver Test Cases
Clause
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6.1
7.6.2
7.6.3
7.7
7.8.1
7.9
Title
Reference sensitivity level
Maximum input level
Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS)
In-band blocking
Out-of-band blocking
Narrow band blocking
Spurious response
Wideband intermodulation
Spurious emissions
42
Performance Requirements
Demodulation of PDSCH/PCFICH/PDCCH/PHICH:
To verify the demodulation performance of these channels with a given
SNR and fading channel at different Transmission Modes.
Set-Up
Multiple MIMO Transmission Modes are tested
43
Performance Test Cases (FDD)
Clause
8.2.1.1.1
8.2.1.1.1-1
8.2.1.1.2
8.2.1.2.1
8.2.1.2.1-1
8.2.1.2.2
8.2.1.2.2-1
8.2.1.3.1
8.2.1.3.2
8.2.1.4.1
8.2.1.4.1-1
8.2.1.4.2
8.2.1.4.2-1
8.4.1.1
8.4.1.2.1
8.4.1.2.1-1
8.4.1.2.2
8.4.1.2.2-1
8.5.1.1
8.5.1.2.1
8.5.1.2.1-1
8.5.1.2.2
8.5.1.2.2-1
8.7.1.1
Title
FDD PDSCH single antenna port performance
FDD PDSCH Single Antenna Port Performance (Rel-9)
FDD PDSCH Single Antenna Port Performance with 1 PRB
FDD PDSCH transmit diversity performance 2x2
FDD PDSCH transmit diversity performance 2x2 (Rel-9)
FDD PDSCH Transmit Diversity 4x2
FDD PDSCH Transmit Diversity 4x2 (Rel-9)
FDD PDSCH open loop spatial multiplexing 2x2
FDD PDSCH Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing 4x2
FDD PDSCH closed loop single/multi layer spatial multiplexing 2x2
FDD PDSCH closed loop multi layer spatial multiplexing 2x2 (Rel-9)
FDD PDSCH Closed Loop Single/Multiple Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4x2
FDD PDSCH Closed Loop Single/Multiple Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4x2 (Rel-9)
FDD PCFICH/PDCCH single antenna port performance
FDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 2x2
FDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 2x2 (Rel-9)
FDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 4x2
FDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 4x2 (Rel-9)
FDD PHICH single-antenna port performance
FDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 2x2
FDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 2x2 (Rel-9)
FDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 4x2
FDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 4x2 (Rel-9)
FDD Sustained data rate performance provided by lower layers (Rel-9)
44
Performance Test Cases (TDD)

Clause
8.2.2.1.1
8.2.2.1.1-1
8.2.2.1.2
8.2.2.2.1
8.2.2.2.1-1
8.2.2.2.2
8.2.2.2.2-1
8.2.2.3.1
8.2.2.3.2
8.2.2.4.1
8.2.2.4.1-1
8.2.2.4.2
8.2.2.4.2-1
8.3.2.1.1
8.3.2.1.1-1
8.3.2.1.2
8.3.2.1.3
8.3.2.2.1
8.4.2.1
8.4.2.2.1
8.4.2.2.1-1
8.4.2.2.2
8.4.2.2.2-1
8.5.2.1
8.5.2.2.1
8.5.2.2.1-1
8.5.2.2.2
8.5.2.2.2-1
8.7.2.1
Title
TDD PDSCH single antenna port performance
TDD PDSCH Single Antenna Port Performance (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH Single Antenna Port Performance with 1 PRB
TDD PDSCH transmit diversity performance 2x2
TDD PDSCH transmit diversity performance 2x2 (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH Transmit Diversity 4x2
TDD PDSCH Transmit Diversity 4x2 (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH open loop spatial multiplexing 2x2
TDD PDSCH Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing 4x2
TDD PDSCH closed loop single/multi layer spatial multiplexing 2x2
TDD PDSCH closed loop multi layer spatial multiplexing 2x2 (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH Closed Loop Single/Multiple Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4x2
TDD PDSCH Closed Loop Single/Multiple Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4x2 (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH single-layer spatial multiplexing on antenna port 5
TDD PDSCH single-layer spatial multiplexing on antenna port 5 (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH Single-layer Spatial Multiplexing on antenna port 7 or 8 without a simultaneous transmission (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH single-layer spatial multiplexing on antenna port 7 or 8 with a simultaneous transmission (Rel-9)
TDD PDSCH dual-layer spatial multiplexing (Rel-9)
TDD PCFICH/PDCCH single antenna port performance
TDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 2x2
TDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 2x2 (Rel-9)
TDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 4x2
TDD PCFICH/PDCCH transmit diversity performance 4x2 (Rel-9)
TDD PHICH single-antenna port performance
TDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 2x2
TDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 2x2 (Rel-9)
TDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 4x2
TDD PHICH transmit diversity performance 4x2 (Rel-9)
TDD Sustained data rate performance provided by lower layers (Rel-9)
45
Reporting of Channel State Information

CQI Reporting under AWGN:
To verify the variance of the wideband CQI (Channel Quality Indicator)
reports is within the limits defined.
CQI Reporting under fading:

To verify the accuracy of sub-band channel quality indicator (CQI)
reporting under frequency selective fading conditions.
Reporting of PMI:
To verify the accuracy of Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) reporting
such that the system throughput is maximized.
Reporting of RI:
To verify that the reported rank indicator accurately represents the
channel rank.
46
Reporting of Channel State Information Test Cases

(FDD)
Clause
9.2.1.1
9.2.2.1
9.3.1.1.1
9.3.2.1.1
9.3.2.1.1-1
Title
FDD CQI reporting under AWGN conditions PUCCH 1-0
FDD CQI reporting under AWGN conditions PUCCH 1-1
FDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUSCH 3-0
FDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUCCH 1-0
FDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUCCH 1-0 (Rel-9)
FDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions and frequency-selective interference
9.3.3.1.1
PUSCH 3-0
9.3.4.1.1 FDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUSCH 2-0 (Rel-9)
9.3.4.2.1 FDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUCCH 2-0 (Rel-9)
9.4.1.1.1 FDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 3-1 (Single PMI)
9.4.1.2.1 FDD PMI Reporting PUCCH 2-1 (Single PMI) (Rel-9)
9.4.2.1.1 FDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 1-2 (Multiple PMI)
9.4.2.1.1-1 FDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 1-2 (Multiple PMI) (Rel-9)
9.4.2.2.1 FDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 2-2 (Multiple PMI) (Rel-9)
9.5.1.1
FDD RI Reporting PUCCH 1-1
47
Reporting of Channel State Information Test Cases

(TDD)
Clause
9.2.1.2
9.2.2.2
9.3.1.1.2
9.3.2.1.2
9.3.2.1.2-1
Title
TDD CQI reporting under AWGN conditions PUCCH 1-0
TDD CQI reporting under AWGN conditions PUCCH 1-1
TDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUSCH 3-0
TDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUCCH 1-0
TDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUCCH 1-0 (Rel-9)
TDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions and frequency-selective interference
9.3.3.1.2
PUSCH 3-0
9.3.4.1.2 TDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUSCH 2-0 (Rel-9)
9.3.4.2.2 TDD CQI Reporting under fading conditions PUCCH 2-0 (Rel-9)
9.4.1.1.2 TDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 3-1 (Single PMI)
9.4.1.2.2 TDD PMI Reporting PUCCH 2-1 (Single PMI) (Rel-9)
9.4.2.1.2 TDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 1-2 (Multiple PMI)
9.4.2.1.2-1 TDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 1-2 (Multiple PMI) (Rel-9)
9.4.2.2.2 TDD PMI Reporting PUSCH 2-2 (Multiple PMI) (Rel-9)
9.5.1.2
TDD RI Reporting PUSCH 3-1
48
Carrier Aggregation RF testing
RF Testing (3GPP TS36.521-1)

Most of the work already done was on intra-band contiguous CA in both UL and DL
Work for inter-band CA still in the early stages
s6. Transmitter
characteristics
Specific test for
Inter-band CA
with 1 UL CC.
s7. Receiver
characteristics
s8. Performance
requirement
Specific tests for

inter-band CA
Intra-band with
and without UL
CA
Specific tests for

inter-band CA
Involves MIMO,
fading and
AWGN
49
CA RF Transmitter Test Cases
Clause
6.2.2A.1
6.2.3A.1
6.2.4A.1
6.2.5A.1
6.2.5A.2
6.3.2A.1
6.3.3A.1
6.3.4A.1.1
6.3.5A.1.1
6.3.5A.2.1
6.3.5A.3.1
6.5.1A.1
6.5.2A.1.1
6.5.2A.2.1
6.5.2A.3.1
6.6.1A.1
6.6.2.1A.1
6.6.2.3A.1
6.6.3.1A.1
6.6.3.2A.1
6.6.3.3A.1
6.7A .1
Title
UE maximum output power for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Maximum power reduction (MPR) for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Additional maximum power reduction (A-MPR) for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Configure UE transmitted power for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Configure UE transmitted power for inter-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Minimum Output Power for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
UE Transmit OFF power for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
General ON/OFF time mask for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Power control absolute power tolerance for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Power Control Relative Power Tolerance for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Aggregate power control tolerance for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Frequency error for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Error vector magnitude (EVM) for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Carrier leakage for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
In-band emissions for non allocated RBs for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Occupied bandwidth for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Spectrum Emission Mask for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Transmitter Spurious emissions for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Spurious emission band UE co-existence for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Additional spurious emissions for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
Transmit intermodulation for intra-band contiguous carrier aggregation (CA)
50
CA RF Receiver Test Cases
Clause
7.3A.1
7.3A.2
7.3A.3
7.4A.1
7.4A.2
7.5A.1
7.5A.2
7.5A.3
7.6.1A.1
7.6.1A.2
7.6.1A.3
7.6.2A.1
7.6.2A.2
7.6.2A.3
7.6.3A.1
7.6.3A.2
7.6.3A.3
7.7A.1
7.7A.2
7.7A.3
7.8.1A.1
7.8.1A.2
7.8.1A.3
7.10A
Title
Reference sensitivity level for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
Reference sensitivity level for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
Reference sensitivity level for CA (inter-band DL CA without UL CA)
Maximum input level for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
Maximum input level for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS) for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
Adjacent Channel Selectivity (ACS) for CA (inter-band DL CA without UL CA)
In-band blocking for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
In-band blocking for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
In-band blocking for CA (inter-band DL CA without UL CA)
Out-of-band blocking for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
Out-of-band blocking for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
Out-of-band blocking for CA (inter-band DL CA without UL CA)
Narrow band blocking for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
Narrow band blocking for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
Narrow band blocking for CA (inter-band DL CA without UL CA)
Spurious response for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
Spurious response for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
Spurious response for CA (inter-band DL CA without UL CA)
Wideband intermodulation for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA and UL CA)
Wideband intermodulation for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA without UL CA)
Wideband intermodulation for CA (inter-band DL CA without UL CA)
Receiver image for CA
51
CA RF Performance Test Cases
Clause
8.2.1.1.1_A.1
8.2.1.1.1_A.2
8.2.1.3.1_A.1
8.2.1.3.1_A.2
8.2.1.4.2_A.1
8.2.2.1.1_A.1
8.2.2.3.1_A.1
8.2.2.4.2_A.1
8.7.1.1_A.1
8.7.1.1_A.2
8.7.2.1_A.1
Title
FDD PDSCH Single Antenna Port Performance for CA (intra band contiguous DL CA)
FDD PDSCH Single Antenna Port Performance for CA (inter band DL CA)
FDD PDSCH Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing 2x2 for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA)
FDD PDSCH Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing 2x2 for CA (inter-band DL CA)
FDD PDSCH Closed Loop Multi Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4 x 2 for CA (inter band DL CA)
TDD PDSCH Single Antenna Port Performance for CA (intra band contiguous DL CA)
TDD PDSCH Open Loop Spatial Multiplexing 2x2 for CA (intra band contiguous DL CA)
TDD PDSCH Closed Loop Multi Layer Spatial Multiplexing 4x2 for CA (intra band contiguous DL CA)
FDD sustained data rate performance for CA (intra-band contiguous DL CA)
FDD sustained data rate performance for CA (inter-band DL CA)
TDD sustained data rate performance for CA (intra band contiguous DL CA)
52
LTE Conformance Test Solution
T2010A LTE Wireless

Communications Test Set
Confidential Agilent Technologies
T2010A LTE Wireless Communications Test Set
One box solution

RF, RRM and
Protocol
conformance test
cases
Integrated channel emulator

(up to MIMO 4x2)
AWGN
Rel-10 CA:
2 CCs, up to MIMO
4x2 each
Combined or
independent TX/RX
Power level accuracy as

required by 3GPP test
standards
UL measurements
Sensitivity and receiver
performance measurements
54
T4010S LTE RF Test System
Bench-top configuration
Full test system configuration
T4010S LTE RF Test System
T4020S
LTE RRM Test System
Technologies
Application
Based on the T2010A LTE Wireless Communications Test Set
acting as a multi-cell, multi-RAT network emulator; T4020S
LTE RRM Tester supports testing of RRM test cases as
defined in 3GPP 36.521-3
Main Features
Optimized hardware platform, that allows software-only
upgrade to T4110S LTE Protocol Tester
Based on the T2010A LTE Wireless Communications Test Set
plus additional testing software
FDD and TDD support
Provides MIMO 2x2, integrated multipath channel emulation
and multi-RAT capabilities on the same hardware platform
Complete LTE only and iRAT-3G RRM coverage with two

Test Sets
T4110S
LTE Protocol Test System
Technologies
Application
The T4110S LTE Protocol Tester is the essential tool for LTE protocol stack and testing
engineers to develop, debug, test and certify LTE UEs.
Main Features
Conformance Protocol Testing of LTE UEs
According to 3GPP TS 36.523 test specification
Based on T2010A LTE Wireless Communications Test Set
85% currently defined GCF/PTCRB LTE test cases

coverage with one Test Set.
Easy software upgrades to support RF and RRM LTE

test cases.
TTCN-3 test case development tools
Supports LTE FDD, TDD, multi-cell, inter-band and multiRAT test cases
Powerful test case results and logging analysis tools
Full test system automation
Remote test system operation
Agenda
-
Transmitter Test
Receiver Test
Conformance Test
Network Deployment

59
Field Testing
Received signal level
Power measurement
Path loss verification
Signal analysis to find out if any interference
Antenna/WG/cable sweep
Filter/combiner verification
TX/RX combiner verification, potentially tuning
Challenges in todays field test
VNA
Its difficult to carry multiple

instruments to the field
There is a steep learning curve to
learn how to use every instrument
Cable/ antenna tester
Spectrum analyzer
Power meter
VNA
The only one-hand-operation Microwave Analyzer

Independent Signal
Cable and Antenna Analyzer
Generator
30kHz to 26.5GHz
30kHz to 26.5GHz
Full 2 port Vector Network

Analyzer with time domain
analysis, 30kHz to 26.5GHz
Vector Voltmeter
2 port, 30kHz to 26.5GHz
Spectrum Analyzer, with full

band tracking generator
Interference Analyzer
5kHz to 26.5GHz
Power Meter
5kHz to 26.5GHz
Built in GPS
Variable DC Source
Light weight: 6.6 lbs
Long battery life: 3.5 hrs
Bright display: 6.5 inch TFT
MIL PRF 28800 F Class 2
CISPR 11 Class B
Explosive atmosphere
MIL STD 810G
Frequency Counter
RF/uW Handheld Portfolio

Carry Precision with You!
26.5 GHz
N9918A
N9928A
N9938A
20 GHz
18 GHz
N9344C
N9917A
N9927A
N9937A
14 GHz
13.4 GHz
N9916A
N9926A
N9936A
N9343C
9 GHz
N9915A
N9925A
N9935A
7 GHz
6 GHz
N9912A-106
N9914A
N9342C
N9923A-106
4 GHz
3 GHz
N9330B
CAT only
N9912A-104
N9913A
Combo ANALYZER
N9340B
N9923A-104
VNA
SA
HSA
Agilent Confidential
Key tests during installation
Line sweep
Frequency measurement
Antenna alignment
Path Loss Verification
Combiner tuning
High fidelity of Interference detection

FieldFox offers best in class input related spur performance, gives high confidence
during interference hunting
FieldFox
Accurate power reading in the field

Agilent Patented InstAlign technologies allows FieldFox to provide unprecedented
power measurement accuracy under temperature rapid fluctuation
FieldFox
Channel
Power
Power
Sensor
Amplifier Measurement
Network Analyzer Mode
Spectrum Analyzer Mode
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bandwidth
Gain
Isolation
Match
DC Power
Output Power
DC Power
Harmonics
Spurs
Agilent Tools to Help You

Add Youtube videos
www.agilent.com/find/lte
www.agilent.com/find/lte-a
Including Webcasts like this.
2013 Agilent Technologies March

2013
Thank you!
Thank You!
agilent.com/find/lte
70
DL Physical Mapping
Lets Check it with VSA Spectrogram
See entire frame in frequency and time
on one display
Find subtle patterns, errors
Reference Signal
occurs every 6th
sub-carrier
PDCCH occupying 1st

3 symbols of each
sub-frame (~214 us)
S-SS/P-SS
S-SS/P-SS/PBCH
Page 71
PDSCH
Eg. 12 RBs = 2.16 MHz
Downlink Lets Check it with VSA

P-SS - Primary Synchronization Signal
S-SS - Secondary Synchronization Signal
PBCH - Physical Broadcast Channel
PDCCH - Physical Downlink Control Channel
PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel

Reference Signal (Pilot)
Note 2: PMCH, PCFICH, and PHICH

not shown here for clarity
Page 72
Slot#0 Symbol#0
RS + PDCCH
(Hint: Same Modulation)


Page 73
Slot#0 Symbol#1
PDCCH


Page 74
Slot#0 Symbol#3
PDSCH


Page 75
Slot#0 Symbol#4
RS + PDSCH


Page 76
Slot#1 Symbol#0
RS + PDSCH + PBCH


Page 77
Slot#1 Symbol#1
PBCH + PDSCH
Uplink Lets Check it by VSA

PUSCH - Physical Uplink Shared Channel
Reference Signal (Demodulation)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Page 78
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Slot #0 Symbol #0
PUSCH

PUSCH - Physical Uplink Shared Channel
Reference Signal (Demodulation)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Page 79
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Slot #0 Symbol #3
PUSCH DM-RS

PUCCH - Primary Uplink Shared Channel
Frequency
(Sub-Carrier or RB)
PUCCH-DMRS (Format 1)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Time (Symbol)
Page 80
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Slot #0 Symbol #0
PUCCH

PUCCH - Primary Uplink Shared Channel
Frequency
(Sub-Carrier or RB)
PUCCH-DMRS (Format 1)
0 1
3 4
Time (Symbol)
Page 81
0 1
3 4
Slot #0 Symbol #2
PUCCH DM-RS
Uplink Physical Mapping

Lets Check it with VSA Spectrogram
See entire frame in frequency and time
on one display
Find subtle patterns, errors
Page 82
LO Feedthru
PUCCH occurs on
Slots #0 and #1 of
Subframe 2
(~0.5 ms / Slot)

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Introducing the

Agilent Solutions for LTE

Design, Validation, Conformance and Manufacturing

Ken Yong Lee

Design and validation

Transmitter Test with Agilent X-series Analyzer

Receiver Test with Agilent X-series Generator

Aerospace & Defense Symposium

Agilent Solutions Across the Ecosystem for LTE

RF, RRM and

Design and validation

Transmitter Test with Agilent X-series Analyzer

Receiver Test with Agilent X-series Generator

Aerospace & Defense Symposium

Transmitter Test with

Agilent X-Series Signal Analysis Portfolio

MXE EMI receiver

Keep the test queue flowing

Worlds most popular

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N9080A / N9082A Software

tailor the capability & performance from SISO to

easily upgrade as your test needs evolve

X-Series Measurement Applications

89600 VSA Software

Transmitter Characteristics eNB

- 6.5.2.1 Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)

MPR (Maximum Power Reduction)

A-MPR (Additional MPR)

Agilent 89601A VSA provides power

Channel power measurement using

Occupied Bandwidth Requirement

Minimum Requirement: The

Channel bandwidth (MHZ)

ACLR Requirements UE case

TR 36.101 v8.2.0 Figure 6.6.2.3 -1: Adjacent Channel Leakage requirements

Transmitter Tester for RF Power Measurements

Frequency Error Test (eNB and UE)

Minimum Requirement (observed

Analyzing the Equalizer Results from an Ideal

Amplitude flatness 0.1 dB

Amplitude flatness for outer 10 RB

Phase flatness 0.5 degrees

Subcarrier relative flatness for outer 10 RB

EVM Measurement OFDMA & SC-FDMA

EVM Traces to Reveal Filter Effects

EVM vs. Subcarriers

EVM vs. Resource Block (RB)

The RBs and

Receiver Test with

X-Series Signal Generators

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RADAR - FM chirp, step/AM

Phase Noise Impairment

step /BPSK, QPSK

Calibrated Noise (AWGN)

Signal Studio software

Types of Receiver Test Uplink & Downlink

Signal Studio for LTE/LTE-A (N7624B/N7625B)

Receiver Characteristics Test