Chess Lessons by Artur Yusupov (Gnv64)

ARTUR YusuPov
Chess Lessons
ARTUR YusuPov
Chess Lessons
Translated and edited by Daniel King
Chessgate AG
2004
www.chessgate.de
All rights reserved. No part of i:his publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise,
without prior permission.
First published in 2004
Cover design and layout: Art & Satz Ulrich Dirr, Miinchen
Page design and layout : Art.& Satz Ulrich Dirr, Miinchen
Typeset with PDFTE)(
Managing editor : Ulrich Dirr, Miinchen
Preparatory work by Thomas Lemanczyk, Solingen
Printed and bound by Druckerei & Verlag Steinmeier, Nordlingen
ISBN 3935748-07-8
Contents
Preface - VII
8 Zugzwang
1 Back- Rank Combi nations
Exerc i ses - 3
So l u ti o n s - 11
Sco re tab l e- 14
135
Exe rc i se s- 139
S o l u t i o n s - 147
S c o re t a b l e- 152
9 Im proving Piece Position -153
2 Cand idate Moves 15

Exerc i ses- 18
So l u ti o n s - 24
P racti cal exe rc i ses- 29
Score tab l e- 34
-
3 The Wrong-Coloured Bishop -35
Exerc i s es - 45
So l u t i o n s - 52
Score tab l e- 56
4 Exchanging Pieces -57
Exerc i ses - 6o
Sol u t i o n s- 69
Sco re tab l e- 74
5 Passed Pawns i n the
M iddlegame -75
Trai n i ng m ateri a l- 79
6 Double Attack -95

Exerc i se s - 100
So l u t i o n s- 109
Score table- 113
7 The Process of Elimination -115
Exerci ses - 119

Sol u t i o n s- 123
P racti c a l exerc i se s- 126
Score tab l e- 134
Exerc i se s- 158
S ol u t i o n s- 166
S c o re tab l e- 170
10 Trapping a Piece -171
Exerc i ses - 175

S o l u ti o n s - 183
S c o re t a b l e- 186
Appendix -187
I n d ex o f co m p o s e rs a n d a n alysts- 187
I n d ex of g a m e s- 189
Explanation of symbols - 196
VII
Preface
Between 1999 and 2002 I produced and published i n Germany a small series of ten trai ning
booklets, each one covering a partic u l ar chess theme. T h i s experi m ental proj ect proved
quite popular with German-speaking readers, and others too. Many of my chess colleagues
liked this form of i n d ivid ual trai n i ng; and some of them u sed the m aterial in their cl asses
too. This favou rable reaction pro m pted the idea of an Engl ish translati o n .
Although the booklets were aimed at p l ayers of d ifferi ng abil ities, m o s t wanted the
complete set. And that's how these d ifferent themes h ave ended up in one book. You
could also look on this d iversity as a strength if a reader, with chess am bitions, wants to
test his overall ability. Moreover, for chess trainers this book provides several ready-made
lectures, and many usefu l exercises covering d ifferent aspects of the game, al ready sorted
in terms of their level of d ifficu l ty.
There are th ree themes and tests that fal l under the h ead ing 'tactics' : chapter 1 , back
ran k com b i n atio n s ; chapter 6, d o u b l e attack; and ch apter 10, trapping a p iece. These
chapters are, on the whole, the sim plest, and pl ayers rated below 1500 Elo should probably
start with them .
Two chapters deal with positional themes: chapter 4 , exchanging pieces ; and chapter 9,
improvi ng piece positio n . Two chapters deal with endgame themes: chapter 3, the wrong
coloured bishop; and chapter 8, zugzwang. These fou r chapters are more challenging and
perhaps s u i table for players w ith an Elo above 1500. H owever, p l ayers of any strength
cou ld profit from studyi ng them .
Two chapters deal w i th the q u estion of calculation: chapter 2, can d i d ate m oves ; and
chapter 7, the process of e l i m i n ation . These themes are more su i table for players with an
Elo rati ng greater than 1800. Less experienced p l ayers s h o u l d go th rough the examples
and try to solve the one and two-star positions.
Chapter 5 deals with a strategical theme, passed pawns i n the midd legame, and contains
many add i tional examples that could also be u sed by c l u b players as exercises. For more
advanced players, i t s h o u l d be e nough to p l ay through these examples carefu l ly on the
chessboard .
How should an ambitious p l ayer work with this book? I suggest two possi bil ities : a
direct approach; and one based on the d ifficu l ty of the exercises.
With the d i rect approach, go thro ugh the examples at the start of the chapter, then
tackle the exercises. The exercises are m arked with stars accord i ng to their d ifficulty.
Accord i ng to you r rati ng, each star gives the fol l owing scori ng and th i n ki ng time:
- Below 1500 Elo, 1 point for solvi ng a position i n under 10 m i n utes.
- Below 1800 Elo, 1 point and up to 7 m i n u tes.
- Above 1800 Elo, 1 point and u p to 5 m i nutes.
So, for example, an exercise with three stars should take a player with an Elo of 1650 a
maxi m u m 21 m i n utes to solve, and gives h i m 3 points. At the end of each chapter you w i l l
find t h e answers, a n d you can see how well you understood t h e theme.
VIII
PREFACE
There are some special exercises i n the chapters o n cal c u lation that you m ust p lay
through move by move. Check the i nstr u ctions before you try these exercises.
I also suggest an alternative method of a p proaching th i s book - accor d i ng to the
d iff i c u l ty of the exercises. Th i s m ethod is suitable for p layers with a n Elo below 1500. I n
each cha pter, wor k through the exam ples, then try to solve the positions u p to the second
level of diff iculty. When you have fin ished the book, come back and consider positions on
level three. If you are comfor table with the res u l ts, ra i se the level aga i n . If you fi nd you
aren't yet ready for the next l evel , put the book back on the shelf, d o some other chess
wor k, but af ter a couple of months come back and try again !
But i n the end, per haps the most i m por tant th ing i s not to ta ke a l l these poi nts too
ser iously. I hope you wil l j u st enjoy the book.
F i nal ly, I wou l d l i ke to tha n k several people who hel ped to make this project possi ble:
my wife Nad ia for her hard wor k on the German version ; my chess teacher Mar k Dvoretsky;
Jurgen Da niel, my p u bl i sher, for encouragi ng the idea of an Engl ish translati o n ; and U l i
Dirr for the layout of the book a n d for correcti ng some m istakes i n the or iginal Ger ma n
ed ition .
Back-Rank Combinations
Recogn ising the early o u tl i nes of mating

com b i nations i s a vi tal ski l l . The theme of
the weak back-rank is common, so studyi ng ex
ercises of this kind shou ld pay off. Although
these com binations are, on the whole, fa i rly
easy, they are sti l l stri king and i m pressive.
Certa i n featu res a re typical of th i s type
of position:
1 ) the lack of an esca pe square for the cas
tled ki ng;
2) the wea kness of the back-rank;
3) an open fi l e occupied by heavy pieces they are the mai n players i n these combi
nations;
4) a passed pawn nea r to promotion.
The attacker isn't afraid of sacrificing ma

terial to get a dead ly check on the back-rank.
Deflection and double attack a re the most
i m portant elements in these combinations.
Ossip Bernstein -J ose Capablanca

Moscow 1914
2
a
t.I1J
Con d i ti o n s a re perfect for a back-ra n k

combination. Capa blanca seizes his chance
with a bri l l iant hit.
1
...
Wb6-b2 !
A d o u b l e attack o n q ueen and rook. At

the same time the wh ite q ueen i s deflected
f ro m protecti ng the i m portant bac k-ra n k
a
b
c
d e f g h
square d 1 . Natural ly, t h e black q ueen ca n
Here both ki ngs are i n danger. The pawns not be ca ptu red beca use of mate. I n stead,
prevent White's king from leavi ng the back it wou l d have been a m istake to play 1 . ...
ra nk. Although Black's king has an escape "W b6-b1 + ? 2. "We2-f1 d8-d1 ?? because of 3.
square, it is occupied by the q ueen . In addi c3-c8+ ( Black also has a bac k- ra n k prob
tion, both back-ra n ks a re insufficiently pro lem! ) .
tected . White can mate i m med iately with 1 .
2 . gC3-C2
18'd4-d8# , or i n two moves, starting with 1 .
Or 2. "We2-e1 18' b2 x c3 ! ( d eflectio n ) 2.
a7-a818' + . Black t o play wou l d wi n i m medi
18'e1xc3 d8-d1+ and mate.
ately by 1 . . . . Ek1-c8+ or 1 . . . . 18' h7-b1+.
C H A PT E R I BACK-RANK C O M B I N AT I O N S
2. ... Wb2-b1 3. We2-f1 Wb2x c2

and Wh ite resigned .
Xie J u n - N ana l oseliani
Groningen 1997
3
a
Th is was one of the m ost d ra matic a n d

im portant ga mes of t h e whole tou rnament.
Black's pos ition is tota l ly lost, but the for

mer World Cha m pion Xiej u n evidently un
derestimated her opponent's th reats . Sud
denly the Georgian losel iani got a brea k to
wi n the gam e a n d with it last m i n ute q ual
ifi cation to the can d i dates' fi na l . H owever,
she was sl ightly short of ti me and played 37
. . . cs-q ?, m iss ing her big chance. What's
so s pecial here ? Looking more deeply i n to
the position, you can see that Wh ite's back
ra n k is only protected by the q ueen, which
a lso guards the rook on f1. l os e l ia n i could
have played
37 'Wd4xa4 1! ,
exploiting the wea kness of the back- rank.
Aga i n , White can not accept the q u een
sacrifice. H owever, even after 38. b5-e2
. d 1 xf1+ 39 . e2xf1 Wa4xc2 40. a6-a7 .b8d8 41 . a7-a8 . ds xas 42. Ab7xas cs-q,
Black's win wou l d j ust be a matter of time.
EXERCISES
Exerdses (sol ut;ons p . 11-13)
E 1-1
[1]
*
a
E 1-3
8
7
E 1-2
*
a
E 1-4
[1]
*
a
CHAPTER I BACK-RANK COMBINATIONS
E 1-5
11
*
a
E1-7
[1]
*
a
E 1-6
11
E 1-8
[1]
8
7
EXERCISES
E 1-9
[1]
*
a
E 1-11
[1]
**
E 1-10
a
E 1-12
[1]
**
CHAPTER I BACK-RANK COM BINATIONS
E 1-13
11
**
E 1-15
I1J
**
a
E1-14
a
11
e
**
E 1-16
[1]
**
EXERCISES
E 1-17
a
**
E 1-19
111
***
E 1-18
a
111
***
E 1-20
a
111
***
e
8
7
3
2
CHAPTER I BACKRANK COMBINATIONS
E 1-21
a
11]
***
E 1-23
***
E 1-22
a
11]
***
E 1-24
11]
***
EXERCISES
E 1-25
a
11
***
E 1-27
rn
***
h
8
E 1-26
a
rn
***
E 1-28
rn
****
8
7
7
6
CHAPTER 1 BACKRANK COMBINATIONS
10
E 1-29
a
*****
E 1-30
Ill
******
SOLU T I O N S
El-I
TO
EI-17
II
Solutio n s
0 E1-1
0 E1-10
Minic - Honfi, Vrnjacka Banja 1966

I. Wa7 ! +- (1. . . . '/:1 x a7 2. l'! x dS+ ; 1. . . . l'! x a7
2. HxdS+ ; 1. . . . '/:1c8 2. l'!xdS+ '/:1xd8 3 l'!xdS+
Yxds 4 g3 + - ; 1. . . . l'!dcS 2. '/:1 x c7 l'! x q 3
bl.dS + ) I-o
Djaja - Staudte, 1958

W x e 6 !! -+ (1. . . . l'!ci+ 2. l'!fi l'! x fi + 3
'/:1 x f1 '/:1 x e6 +; 1 . . . . gxf6 ? 2. '/:1 x f6 + 't!;>gs 3
1:/:16+ = ] 0-I
0 E1-11
0 E1-2
Fontein - Euwe, Amsterdam 1939

I
.E1.cJ! 2. .E1. x ci Wdi + o-I
.
Alekhine - Bernstein, Vilnius 1912

(variation from the game)
I .E1. xg7+ tb xg7 2.. Wf7+ hs 3 Wfs+ .E1. x fs
4 .E1. x f8#.
0 E1-3
Mikenas - Aronin, Moscow 1957

.E1.ds ! -+ o-I
0 E1-12
Selyavkin - Belousov, 1973

I. CDe4 ! ( 1. h3 ? '/:1e6! ) I-o
Janowski - Burn, Oostende 1907

I. Wxd7 !! (1. l'! x e8+ l'!xeS 2. '/:1 x d7 ? '/:1 x d7 3
l'! x d7 gel+ 4 Gt:lfi GLJe2+ - + ; 1. l'! xd7? l'! x d7
2. '/:1 x d7 '/:1 xd7 3 l'! x d7 l'!e1 + - + ; 1. '/:1xd7!!
'/:1 xd7 2. l'!dxd7 +-] I-o
0 E1-5
0 E 1-13
Shirov - Yusupov, Bundesliga 1995/96

2.2.
Wxfi + ! -+.
I.
0 E1-4
Mikenas - Bronstein, Tallinn 1965

.E1. x a3 !! (2. l'! xa3 V:1ei + ; 2. '/:1 x a3 V:1ei + 3
l'! x e1 g x e1#; 2. bxa3 '/:1 x a i + 3 l'!b1 l'!e1 + 4
g xe1 '/:1xe1+ -+] o-I

0 E1-6
Alden - Nilsson, Sweden 1972

Wc6 !! - + (1. . . . gxf6 2. '/:1xf6#; 1 . . . . bl.d1+
2 . Hf1) o-I
0 E1-14
0 E1-7
0 E1-15
Rovner - Kamyshev, Moscow 1947

I. Wa7 ! Was ( 1 . . . . l'! xd2 2. '/:1 x c7 bl. x d 1 + 3
Axd1] 2.. Wxa6 ! Wc7 3 Wa7 ! +- I-o
Alekhine - Kohnlein, Dusseldorf 1908

I. Wxd6 ! cxd6 2.. CDf7+ .E1. x f7 3 .E1.e8+ +
0 E1-8
0 E1-16
Paulsen - Anderssen, Leipzig (m5) 1877

.E1.f2.! +- I-0
Alekhine - Reshevsky, Kemeri 1937

1 .E1. x b8 + ! xbs 2.. Wxes+ ! I-o [ 2 . . . . fxes
l'!fS+ +-)
I.
NN - NN, Yugoslavia 1949

I
.E1.cs !! o-I
0 E1-9
Smyslov - Lilienthal, Leningrad/Moscow 1941

Wxd6 ! +- I-o
I.
0 E1-17
Torre - Timman, Hamburg 1982
-.
I2
SOLUTIONS
1. . . . lD(J+ z. gz [2. exfJ1il' x fi + J. x fi Ah3+

4 gi Eiei#) z. . . . Wxft+! -+ o-1
E I-I8 T O E I-29
tDfs + o-1
0 E1-26
0 E1-18
Reti - Bogoljubow, New York 1924

1. Af?+ hs z. Aes! 1-o
Lepek- Kohnen, 1962

1. g cz! Wxd4 z. l!c4! Wb6 [2 . . . . d2 J. Eic8+
Eid8 4 xd2 +- 1 3 l!cS+ g ds 4 Wbs! +- -o
[ 4 . . . \31d4 S \31e8+ 1
0 E1-19
Alekhine - Frieman, New York (sim) 1924

1. Axf6 Wxf6 [I . . . . gxf6 2. h6 f8 3 Eie8 +-J
z. ge8+ tDfs 3 tDh6+! Wxh6 4 g xfS+ xfs
S Wds# 1-o
0 E1-27
Crouch - Speelman, Hastings 1992

z6. g x d7 :: [26 . .El.b8! Etas 27. Eia1!! \31 xai (27.
. . . Eidxb8 28 . .El. x a2 +-) 28. Ei x d8 + !! x ds 29.
\3fxai] z6
l!fs z7. l!bz g xes %-%
.. .
0 E1-20
Alekhine -Johner, Trinidad 1939

1. l!cs! [I. Eic7 g6 2. 1il'd6 \31 x d6 J. exd6 g7 J
1
l!xcs [I . . . . \3fxd7 2. \3ff8 + ! +-J z. We7!
Wxe7 [2. . . . !!g8 J. d8J 3 dxcSW+ 1-o

0 E1-28
Sliwa - Stoltz, Bucharest, 1953

Wxc6! bxc6 z. b7 Wds 3 bsW [3 . .El.ai 6h3,
.El.a8J 3
l!dt+ 4 l!xd W x bs S eDb7! +
-o
.
0 E1-21
Vidmar - Euwe, Karlsbad 1929

l!e8+ Afs [1. . . h7 2. dJ+ +- J z. g x fS+
xfs 3 tDfs+ -o [J . . . . g8 4 f8+ x f8 s.
i!d8#J
.
0 E1-22
Capablanca- Fonaroff, New York (casual) 1918
tDh6+ hs z. Wxes!! Wxes 3 xf7+ 1-o
0 E1-23
Vodopyanov - Kanzyn, 1974

1. . . . \Mgt+!! z. xg fH 3 hi fxe1W o-1
0 E1-24
Shampouw - Silalachi, Indonesia 1971

WxeS! W x hs z. eDe7+! eD x e7 3 W x fS+
xfs 4 g ds# 1-o
0 E1-25
Sokolov - Yusupov, Riga (m3) 1986

19 . . . tiJ xes!! zo. tDxes [20. Eixd8l2Jx6+ -+ J
zo
Wq! z1. Wez [21. Eixd8 xc2 22. Eixf8+
xf8 23. Eib8+ CLJc8 -+ J z1. . . . Wxes u . Ae3
.
...
0 E1-29
Lowcki - Tartakower,Jurata 1937

Black has to try to exploit the weakness of the
back-rank by deflecting the white queen from its
defence. The best way to achieve this aim is the
double attack on queen and rook.
Wcs+!
(I . . . . b6+ 2. hi \3ff6 3 h4)
z. hi Wc4!
[2 . . . . 1il'e3 3 XeJ .El.fi + 4. \31gi +-J
3 g \Md4+ 4 c;;,h 1 We4!
Nothing else works :
[ 4 . . . . \3fd2 S .El.xes; 4 . . . \31eJ s. \3fxeJ +- ;
4 . . . \31h4 S !! x es ; 4 . . . \3fd3 S gi 1il'd4+ ;
4 . . . \3ff4 S h4 1
The white queen was well placed on ei. This
deflection forces it to leave its best position.
S We
[s. fi x es \31 xes -+ ; s. 1il'di 1;31f4 - + ; s. 1il'g1
1il'e2 -+ 1
'i!fd3!
S
A crucial move. The queen has to control the im
portant fs square. s . . . . 1;31e2 was worse because
SOLU T I O N EI-30
of the deflecting sacrifice 6. l"!.f5 ! (Black also has

back-rank problems!).
6. g1 'Afd4+ 7 hi Wdz! -+
Now the double attack works. You may only
award yourself the points if you found this move.
0-I
0 E1-30
Adams - Torre Repetto, New Orleans 1920
In this celebrated example, both sides have back
rank weaknesses. But White has the possibility
of deflecting Black's queen from its main task, the
protection of the rook on eS.
1. Wg4! Whs
[1. . . . @ds 2. @ xes @ xes (2. . . . l"!. xe2 3 @ x dS+
13
A xds 4 l"!. xe2) 3 . xeS+ ]

2.. Wc4!! 'Afd7
(2 . . . . l"!. x c4 3 l"!. xeS+ @ xeS 4 .. x eS#]
3 Wc7!! Wbs 4 a4!!
The key move, and the only one to get points.
The immediate 4 1i:t xb7? would have been a
mistake, because of the counter 4 . . . @ xe2! ex
ploiting the weakened back-rank: 5 El.xe2 El.ci+.
4 . . . Wxa4
[4 . . . . l"!. xe2 5 @ xeS+ ; 4 . . . @ xe2 5 El. xe2]
S i!e4
Now White threatens 6. @ xeS.
S ... Whs
Black can no longer play 5 . . . 1i:t x e2!
6. Wxb7! 1-o
CHAPTER
I4
BACK-RANK C O M B I N AT I O N S
Score tab l e
N
Points
11
Points
Your Points
Your Points
Points
21
12
22
13
23
14
24
15
25
16
26
17
27
18
28
19
29
10
20
30
total
Points
Playing Strength
less than 5 points
beginner
5-10 points
ELO
800 - 1000
11-20 points
ELO 1000 - 1500
2 1-30 points
ELO 1500 - 1700
31 - 40 points
ELO 1700 - 1900
41 - 54 points
ELO 1900 - 2 100
55 - 58 points
ELO 2 100 - 2 200
59 - 6 3 points
ELO 2 2 0 0 - 2 300
more than 6 3 points
ELO above 2 3 00
69
Your Points
15
Candidate Moves
Before we sta rt to ca l c u late, we have to

identify the most l i kely poss i b i l i ties: these
are the cand idate moves. All ca lculation be
gins with the selection of can d i date moves.
Someti mes we are l i m ited to one si ngle pos
si bi lity, but more often we can choose be
tween two or three m oves. I n some rare
cases we may fi nd even more a l ternatives
than this. Wh i l e a computer wi l l calcu late
all possi ble l i nes in a positio n , we d e l i ber
ately l i m i t our choice to the mai n lines. Th is
is our strength , but u nfortu nately it can also
turn out to be the ma i n wea kness of human
thi n king: if we l i m it o u r choice too m u c h ,
we can s i m ply m i ss t h e strongest contin ua
tion.
Peter Svi d ler - Eric lob ron
Yerevan (ol) 1996
4
6o
fs 61 . .ab6
(The other poss i b i l ity 61. q, leads to a

s i m p l e theoretical d raw: 61 . . . . @g2 62. cs
h1 63. x h1 @xh1 64. c6 f4 65. q f3 66.
c8 f2)
The t i m e control had been reached, so
E ric cou ld ca l m ly consider the position . Our
team captai n , G randmaster Darga, was de
l i gh ted to see a si m p l e way to d raw. H e
glanced at E ric, looking tired af ter the long
struggle, and rea l i sed that h e was prepa r
i ng to resign. Sadly, the ru les of chess don't
perm it any prom pting, so our team lost an
i m portan t half poi nt. B lack only has two
can d i date m oves (or rather, two candidate
ideas) : 61 . . . . f4 and advancing the pawn ; or
61 . . . . 'i!?g2 to wi n the rook for the pawn first.
Lobron satisfied h i mself that after 61 . . . . f4 ?
62. @cs @g2 63. @d4 f3 64. @e3 f2 65. @e2
the w h i te king returns i n ti m e to stop the
passed pawn, and he resigned . The other
idea was either not considered by Black, or
he rej ected it too ea rly i n h i s ca l c u lations.
He cou ld have drawn easily with 61 . . . . @g2 !
62. @cs h1 63. x h1 @xh1 64. @d4 @g2
65. @es 'i!?f3 66. @xfs @e3 67. 'i!tes @dJ.
* * *
The selection of candidate moves has a cru

cial i nf l u ence on the accu racy of calculation,
a
b c d e f g h
and therefore determ i nes the strength of a
Th i s ga me was played at a critical mo chess p layer. O n e ca n say that ca n d i date
ment: the German team faced R u ssia, the m oves a re central to ca l c u lati o n , and the
tournament favourites. For the whole ga me search for can di date m oves is the soul of
E ri c Lobron had had to defend an a l m ost th i s ca l c u la ti o n . If the strongest conti n ua
lost position. His stu bbornness finally pa id tion fa l l s i nto the master's m i n d , then i n
off : i n the diagram position Black has a sav the majori ty of cases f u rther ca lcu lation i s
u n necessa ry.
ing resou rce. There fol lowed :
C H A PT E R 2 C A N D I DAT E M O V E S
!6
Artur Yusu pov -jesus N ogueiras

Montpellier (ct) 1985
5
D
a
15. exf6 gxf6 16. xf6 g8

Or 16 . . . . G[)xf6 17. 18fxf6 g8 18. G[)xd5 ! .
17. ttlbs l Wxbs
17. . . . 18fxd4 18.llJd6#.

18. A x bs ttle6 19. Wb2 cxbs 20. Ah4
Black resigned .
* * *
The sea rch for ca ndidate moves is a creative

process. There is no s i m ple a lgorith m , but
there are some priorities to follow. First, you
must consider all forcing moves, namely checks,
a
b c d e f g h
ca ptu res and attacks. Some of these moves
Here I fel l i n to deep contem plati o n . I n ca n be d isca rded i m med iately, but others
return for the sacrificed pawn I have a great remai n as ca nd idate moves. W i th these re
lead i n development and a m ighty i n i tiative. ma i n ing moves you have to begi n calcu lat
14. c2 suggests itself , gai n i ng a tempo for i ng. One ca n i magi ne the whole game as
f u rther d evelopment, but I fa i led to fi n d a a series of problems. When a na lysing the
clear way to gai n the adva n tage. The posi can d i date moves and moving the pieces in
tion af ter 14 . . . . 18'b6 15. b1 18fq 16. Af4 you r m i n d , it is advisable to look at the posi
(16. G[)xds 18fxe5) 16 . . . . lLle6 i s better for tion through your opponent's eyes and to i nclude
White, but I got the feel i ng that the starting his possibilities.
I t i s also very i m porta n t not to immedi
position prom ised more. The eva l uation of
a position i s l i ke a compass for the c hess ately engrossyour mind in calculation. Af ter you
player; it led me bac k - eventua l ly - to the d raw u p you r ca n d i date m oves, carry o u t
search for other candidate moves. The right a short a na lysis with a provisiona l assess
attitude led to success. I fou nd a move that ment of the positi o n . If you fa i l to fi n d a
created five th rears ! After
clear and attractive conti nuation among the
chosen moves , it is advisable to retu rn to
14. Wd4 !1
the starting point and to search for f u rther
(threate n i ng 15. G[)xd5, 15. lLl b5 , 15. GLle4, ca n d i dates. Ask yourself occasionally if there
15. b1 and 15. e6 Axe6 16. 18fxg7)
aren't other possibilities. Sometimes it happens
that d u ri ng the calculation of va riations you
14. ... f6
m ight spot new i d ea s that change the way
you view the i n i tial position.
( if 14 . . . . 18'b6, then 15. e6 ! )
17
Wotawa 1938
6
0
a
tem p lati o n with these l ines when my tra i n

er's voice d istracted me: 'What haven't you
considered yet? '
I fou n d the sol ution straightaway:
1. t!4ll fe4 2. g7 l!hs 3 g6 l!es 4
f6 l!e8 S f7 with a perpetual attack on
the rook.
* * *
The p recise, short calculation of the i nitial

moves in a position is more important than
the ability to calcu late long lines. A m istake
in these first moves is more dangerous than
a
b
c
d
e
f
h
g
a m istake i n the tenth m ove of a variatio n .
My trainer Mark Dvoretsky gave me th i s The key t o solvi ng a p roblem i s very often
study t o solve. I spent a l o n g t i m e looking the discovery of the best conti nuation, but
for a resou rce in th is d ifficult endgame, but not its calculation. When going through the
without success. N oth i ng good comes of exercises a n d solutions from this booklet
1. <i!>g7?, because of 1 . . f!e8. Blocking the you s h o u l d concentrate on the search for
h-pawn with the rook is a somewhat better can d i date m oves. Try to find all the candidate
approach, but for a study, the l i nes are sim moves, first. If these m oves don't help much,
ply too complicated and, in the end , aren't go back and ask you rself: what other possibili
good enough for a d raw. I was i n deep con- ties are there in this position?
.
18
CHAPTER 2 CAN DIDATE MOVES
Exercises (sol utions p. 24-27)
E 2-1
11
*
a
E2 3
8
7
rn
Evaluate the move 1
E 2-2
. . .
11
e
lbxd3
*
a
E 2-4
11
EXERCISES
19
E 2-5
*
a
.I
11]
E 2-7
a
ill
*
b
Eva l uate the move 1. Ae4+
E 2-6
II
*
a
E 2-8
ill
*
a
h
8
8
7
6
Evaluate the move 1
. . .
Ah3
CHAPTER 2 CAN DIDATE MOVES
20
E 2-9
[1]
**
a
E 2-11
[1]
**
E 2-10
a
[1]
**
b
E 2-12
[1]
**
EXERCISES
21
E 2-13
a
[1]
**
b
E 2-15
***
b
Evaluate the move 1 . . . . Wxg2
E 2-14
a
[1]
**
b
E 2-16
***
b
CHAPTER 2 CANDI DATE MOVES
22
E 2-17
a
[1]
***
E 2-19
E 2-18
a
.-=,
-1
-...
-,
"'-- .;;. 1
****
7
6
------
E 2-20
***
3
2
h
8
[1]
****
1 """"=- or= -.
,--
EXERCISES
23
E2-21
a
rn
****
b
E 2-22
*****
b
rn
f
8
6
5
24
SOLUTIONS
E 2I TO E 2-S
Sol utions
0 E2-1
Bogoljubow - Hussong. Karlsruhe 1938/39

1
tbx d3
A grave error. Black was only expecting the 'auto
matic' answer 2. \Sfxd3.
2.. Wg4! g6
( c:J 2. . . . Ag5 3 tt:\h6+ A x h6 4 \Sfxd7 tt:\ xci 5
l'!axci A x CI 6. l'!x CI +-]
3 tbh6+ I-0

0 E2-2
Yusupov - Salov, Barcelona 1989

1
Ae2.! (1. . . . Abi 2. Ad3 Axa2 3 Ac2 +
] 2.. Ad3 (2. Aa4 Abi -+ J 2.
A x b3 3 Abt
Ae4 -+ o-1

Svidler was obviously only expecting the contin

uation that followed in the game. Instead 2. f5!
Axg2+ 3 'i!?xg2! + - would have won.
What was overlooked by the two players : the
second or even the first move
2.. g gs tbfs +
and Black finally managed to win the game.
0 E2-7
Silich - Rokhlin, Odessa 1929

1. Ae4+
The best way to victory was 36. \Sie4+! +-,
though 36. l'!xcS AxfJ+ 37 'i!?h2 Axdi 3S. \Sie4+
l'!hg6 39 fJ +- was also good enough. An un
pleasant surprise now awaits.
1
Wfs!! -+
Look for your opponent's candidate moves too!
0-1

0 E2-3
Olland - Wolf, Karlsbad 1907

1. b2.! [I. l'!h5 l'!ci + 2. \Si x ci \Sf x h 5 +) 1
g d3 2.. Wet [ 2. \Sig4 +-) 2.
Ae6 [ 2. . . . 'i!?h7 3
l'!g7+ +-; 2 . . . . Ad7 3 l'!gs+ 'i!?h7 4 l'!hs+ + - ;
2 . . . . \Sfxh4 3 \SicS + 'i!?h7 4 \SigS + 'i!?h6 42.
\Sig7#) 3. gg8+ xg8 4 Wxh6 +- 1-o
0 E2-4
Tukmakov - Anand, New Delhi 1986

1
tbd3! (I . . . . e x f2+ 2. \Sf x f2 +) 2.. Wez (2.
fxe3 \Siai + 3 'i!?g2 ctJei + - -+ ; 2. \Sf x d3 \Sf x f2 +
3 'i!?hi e 2 - + ] 2.
W x f2.+ 3 W x f2. e x f2.+ 4
f1 g7 -+ S Abs f6 6. es tbxes 7 xf2.
es o-1
0 E2-5
Anand - Salov, Paris (rapid) 1991

1. Ad2.! ( 1. A x fs 'i!? x fs 2. \Sff3 f6 ] 1
Wes
2.. gel Wxet 3 Axe1 Ad7 4 Ah6 g fe8 S W6
1-0

0 E2-6
Granda Zuniga - Svidler, Madrid 1998

I
Ah3
0 E2-8
Yusupov - Milov, Dresden (zt) 1998

I. Wf)
I. Af6 g6 wasn't any better. But j ust afi:er carry
ing out my move I found an easy way to get a big
advantage:
I . .&h6! A x h 2 + (I . . . . tt:\e6 2. \Sig4 f5 3 \Sf x f5
gxh6 4 tt:\f6+ + - ; I . . . . gxh6 2. tt:\f6+ + -) 2.
'i!?hi \Sic6 (2 . . . . Ad6 3 tt:\ xg7 l'!ds 4 \Sih5 ) 2.
A xg7 kq 3 \SffJ tt:\g6 4 Ah6 (4. Af6 ).
I.
t0g6! 2.. h4
The position has become very complicated. The
situation afi:er 2. Af6! was also unclear :
2. Af6! Afs! (2 . . . . gxf6 IS. tt:\xf6+ 'i!?fs 3 \Sfh5
.&e6 4 tt:\ x eS !! xeS 5 f4 c3 6. b3 ) 3 \Sf x d5
.&g4 oo or 2. \Sf x d5! A x h2+ 3 'i!?hi Ag4! 4
.&xg6! hxg6 5 tt:\f4 .& x f4 6. A x f4 t.
I realised here that I had probably missed a
win and I lost interest in playing on. I offered a
draw which my opponent accepted.
Afi:er 2 . . . . Ae6 ( l> \Sid7) 3 e4 \Sid7 (or 3 . . .
dxe4 4 Axe4 \Sfd7 5 Axb7 Ag4 6. \Sids Ae6 7
SOLU T I O N S
E 29
TO
E 2-IS
2S
il.c6 Axds 8. Axd7 e2 55) 3 es Axes 4 dxes

Ag4 S e6! V!1xe6 6. ctJf4 A x f3 (6 . . . . tt::l x f4 7
Wxf4 f6 8. Axf6 gxf6 g. aei ;!;) 7 tt::l xe6 xe6
8. gx fJ h6 chances are balanced.
0 E2-9
Tomczak - Anand, Lugano 1988
I. l!e6
Correct was 3S "l!1h6+ 'i!tg8 36. e6 (ll 1i1gs, .1"l.f6)
and White wins.
I
Wxe6! -+ o-I
0 Ez-1o
Anand - Andersson, Monte Carlo (rapid) 1997
Anand finds a surprising way to win a pawn.
I. ti:)xd4! A xg2 2.. ti:)fs We6 3 Wgs ti:)e8
Oq . . g6 4 tt::l h 6+.
4 ct>xg2 h6 S Wg4 ti:)df6 6. Wf) +
There followed
6
e4 7 dxe4 ti:) x e4 8. l!fdi @h7 9
bxcs bxcs Io. l!ds 8f6 n. A x f6! xf6 I2.
gxcs l!ab8 I3 l!di l!b2. I4. ti:)d4 We7 IS l!bs
and Black resigned.
.
<t>d4 6. b6 ct>cs 7 b7
l"l.ar+ 7 'i!i>b8 = ] S
l!h7+ 8. @c8 @c6 9 b8+ =

0 E2-13
Tigran Gorgiev, I930

The key to this study is the zugzwang position af
ter move 6. Both sides have to reach this position
with the other to move.
I. c6!
1. a4 h6 ! 2. as hs 3 a6 h4 4 a7 h3 S c6 h2 6. C7
hi1i1# is too fast! I. a3 hs! 2. a4 h4 3 as h3 4 a6
h2 s. a7 hiV=1+ is too slow!
I.
h6
[I . . . . c;!tq 2. a4 'i!f x c6 3 as 'i!tbs 4 'i!tb7 ! = ; 1.
h s 2 . a4 !)
2.. a3! hs
[2. . . . c;!tq 3 a4 'i!fxc6 4 as 'i!tbs S 'i!tb7! 'i!fxas 6.
'i!fc6 hs 7 'i!fds and the king reaches the h-pawn.)
3 h4 4 as h3 S a6 h2 6. a7 =

0 E2-14
Smyslov - Lilienthal, Moscow 1938

I. Wa7
Correct was 1. V!1ds ! .1"l. xb3 (if 1.
"l!1 x b3, then
2. ds! +- and d6 ; 1.
.1"l.e6 wasn't better because
of 2. f4 +- with the threat of ds) 2. 1i1f6+ 'i!tg8 3
e6 and White wins.
I
Wxb3
Instead, I . . . . V!1 x d4 2 . e6 + - was also poor ;
but 1.
.1"l. xb3 would have led to equality (2. e6
.1"l.b7).
2.. Wxas
and Smyslov converted his advantage to victory.

0 E2-11
Richard Reti, I92.2
To win the game, White has to attack the g-pawn
with his knight as quickly as possible.
I. ti:)e8!! [I. tt::ld s+ 'i!fe6 2. tt::l f4+ 'i!ffs 3 ltJe2 'i!tg4
4 Ad7+ 'i!fh4 S tt::ld4 'i!fgs = ] I
@e6 [ I . . . .
lUb3 2 . tt::lg 7 tt::l d4 3 tt::l h s tt::l fs 4 Ac2 (4. Abs)
4 . . . ctJe3 s. Ae4 + - ; I . . . . tL.lc4 2. tt::lg 7 tt::l d 6
(z. . . . ctJe3 3 tL.lhs tt::l fs 4 Abs 'i!fe6 s . Ad3) 3
il.cz +-] 2. g7+ ct>es 3 ti:)hs I-o
0 E2-15
0 E2-12
Jindrich Fritz, I96S
I. Ab7! [I. bs 'i!fe3 2. Ab7 'i!fd4 3 'i!fxa7 'i!lcs -+]
I
l!xb7 [1 . . . . 'i!fe3 2. 'i!f x a7 bs 3 'i!tb6 'i!fd4
4 Ac6 = ; 1.
bs 2. 'i!fxa7 =] 2. bs! [ 2. 'i!fxb7
as -+] 2
l!b8 [ 2 . . . . .1"l.d7 = ; 2 . . . . 'i!fe3 3
ci;>xb7 'i!fd4 4 'i!f x a7 'i!fcs S 'i!i>a6 0) 3 ct> x a7
gh8 4 @xb6 ct>e3 S ct>c7 [s. 'i!ta7 hi 6. b6
Gaprindashvili - Servaty, Dortmund 1974

I
Wxg2.
This move loses. Black should have tried to de
fend a worse position with I . . . . 'i!f xg7.
2. . Wd4!!
[2. AfJ .1"l.e8+ - + ; 2. A x f8 V!1 x h r + 3 Afi
"l=1e4+ = ]
2
Wxhi+ 3 ct>d2 Wxai
26
SOLUTIONS
[3 . . . . 15'xh2 4 f3 ! f!.e8 s. E!.hi 15'q 6. Ah8 ! +-]

4 Wf6 ! +and because of 4 . . . 15'xa2 S Ah6 15'as+ 6. 'i!?di
'i1a4+ 7 'i!?ci 'i1ai + 8. 'i!?c2 'i1a4 + 9 'i!?bi Black
resigned.
0 E2-16
Yusupov - Adams, Dortmund 1994

I
WdJ
I . . . . 1i1fs!! would have saved the game:
A) 2. Ag3 'i1e4 3 d6 (3. 'i1f] =) 3 . . . h4! = ;
B) 2. Ae3 15'e4 3 gs 15'xds (or 3 . . . 'i!?g6 4 d6
il,[6 S Axf6 1i1f4+ 6. 'i!?gi 15'e3+ 7 'i!?fi 15'd3+ =)
4 Af6 'i1g8 S A x es 'i!?h8 6. A xg7+ 1i1 xg7 7
1i1xc4 1i1es+ .
2 . d6 C3
[2 . . . . 'i!?g6 3 d7 Af6 4 Ab6 ]
3 d 7 c 2 4 Ae3 !
This move was overlooked by Adams.
4
Wxe3 S Wxc2+ e4 6. Wc7 !
Even simpler than 6 . d8'i1 il,es+ 7 g 3 Axg3+ (7.
. . . 15'xg3+ 8. 'i!?hi 15'xh3+ 9 'i!?gi 15'g3+ 10. 'i!?fi)
I I . 'i!?hi 1;3ffJ+ I2. 1i1g2.
Black resigned.
In sharp positions it is very dangerous to base
one's play on general assessments alone.
0 E2-17
f!.f8 + 'i!?h7 I calculated just one line:

A) 4 t:l.d8 t:l.f6 and none of the three continua
tions promises White victory :
AI) S il,d7 A xd7 6. f!. x d7 f!.e6 = ;
A2) S t:l.d7 !? il, x d7 (s . . . . CLlf4 6. e8'i1 <'Ll x h3 +
7 g x h3 il, xd7 8. 1i1 x d7 hs! = ) 6. A x d7 f!.b6 7
Afs+ g6 8. Axg6+ 'l!?g7 = ;
A3) S f!.xd3 'i!?g6 6. Ad7 Axd7 7 f!.xd7 'i!?f] t.
But you always have to search for candidate
moves, and not j ust in the initial position ! Afi:er
the intermediate check, White wins very easily :
B) 4 Afs+ ! g6 s. f!.d8 f!.f6 (s . . . . gxfs 6. E!. xd6
<'Lles 7 t:l. x c6 + -) 6. Ad7 A x d7 7 t:l. x d7 and
there is no defence against 8. e8'i1 + !
I n the game Timman managed to hold the
position afi:er
I
h7 2. Ag2 Axg2 3 xg2 g6 .
0 E2-19
Dautov - Yusupov, Bundesliga 1997/98

I. Ag6!!
I almost fell off my chair when he made this
move.
I
fxg6
I . . . . t:l.b7 2. t:l. x e6 + 'i!?f8 wasn't any better, due
to 3 Axf7 ! f!.xf7 4 <'Llg6+ 'i!?g8 S f!.e8+ 'i!?h7 6.
hs +-.
2 .l3.xe6+ fs
Or 2 . . . . il,e7 3 f!. xe7+ 'i!?xe7 4 CLlc6+ 'i!?d6 S
lLl x b8 as 6. 'i!?fi +-.
3 CDc6 CDd7 4 .l3.d6 !
But Black gets more chances after 4. l2J x b8 lLl x b8
s. g3 'i!?f7 6. f!.d6 e7 7 E!. x ds (Or 7 f!.b6 lLld7
8. E1. x a6 b4) 7 . . . 'i!?e6 8. E!.es+ 'i!?d6.
4
.l3.c8 S .l3.xd7 Axh4
Let's weigh up the results of the combination.
White is much better: his pieces are more ac
tive than Black's and his pawn structure healthier.
Later Dautov gave me some chances, but his even
tual win was certainly deserved.
G. Kissling, I9IS
I .l3.gs ! [I. t:l.g7 ?? b2 2. f!. x b7 bi'i1 - + ; 1 . f!.g8?
b2 2. E!.a8+ 'i!?bi 3 E!.as 'i!?c2 4 t:l.cs+ 'i!?d2 s.
E!.bs = ] I
hxgs [ I . . . . b2 2. t:l. x fs b6 (2. . . .
bi'i1 3 E!.as+ 1i1a2+ 4 E!.xaH 'i!?xa2 S fs +-) 3
t:l.bs +-] 2 h6 b2 3 h7 hiW 4 h8W+ a2 S
WaS+ b2 6. Wxb7+ az 7 Wxbi+ xbi
8. fxgs I-o
0 E2-18
Yusupov - Timman, Reykjavik 1988
I. g3
Sadly, this was the wrong choice. Needless to say,
I saw the alternative 1. e6 !, but afi:er 1.
E!. x d6
2. e7 Ac6 ( 2. . . . il,g6 3 f!.f8+ 'i!?h7 4 Afs +-) 3

E 2-I6 TO E 2-I9
SOLU T I O N S
E 2-20 TO E 2-22
0 E2-20
Yusupov - Schlosser, Bundesliga 1997/98
I. Wes (with the idea Ah7) looks promising, but
I couldn't find a concrete way to continue afi:er
I . . . . h6! My main hopes were connected with I .
dxe6, but then I saw that I . . . . f! xdi 2 . e x f7 +
@f8 ! 3 f! x di iJ, x e4 would b e better for Black.
I went back to the beginning and found another
candidate move.
1. CiJgs!
Now White attacks with vigour.
1 . . . . h6
If I . . . . ft:lxc4 2. Axh7+ 'i!?f8 3 We2! xds (Or
3
l'h ds 4 tt:J xe6+ !! fxe6 S x e6 f! xdi 6.
l/jg8#) 4 hs with a decisive attack.
z. Ah7+ h8
There is no defence afi:er 2 . . . . 'i!?f8 3 tt:J x f7 !!
@xf7 4 f!d3 +- or 4 es +-.
3 CLJxf?+ xh7 4 Wcz+!
Naturally not 4 ft:l xd8 gxd8 s . .El.xe6 ft:l xc4 -.z .
4 . . . g8
Black's king position would have been too open
afi:er 4 . . . g6. There would follow s. tt:J x d8 (s.
frxe6 f!g8 6. CUes is good too) s . . . . f! xd8 6.
frxe6 f!g8 7 f!de1
A) 2s . . . . xc4 26. f!e7+ f!g7 27. b2 + - ;
B ) 2 S. . . . CU x c4 26. ge7+ (26. f! xg6 f! xg6
27. ge6 CUes !) 26 . . . . f!g7 27. f! xg7+ 'i!?xg7 28.
fre6 +-;
C) 2s . . . . Ac8 26. f!e7+ f!g7 27. f! xg7+ 'i!?xg7
28. Wc3+ +S CL1xh6+! +This sacrifice ruins Black's king position.
s. . . . gxh6 6. Wg6+ f8 7 Wxh6+ g8
Or 7 . . . 'i!?f7 8. h7+ (8. dxe6+ 'i!?g8 g. f!xd8+
Erxd8 ro. g6+ +-) 8 . . . . 'i!?f8 g. dxe6 +-.
8. Wg6+ f8 9 Wf6+ g8 1o. es
And Black resigned.
. .
0 E2-21
Bondarenko & Kuznetsov, 1977
1. ds+!
Other candidate moves were worse: 1. ds
27
xd7 2. as Abs 3 'i!?b7 Ae2 4 a6 fJ s. Ax[J
gxfJ 6. a7 hi + ; I. f!di Axa4! 2. f!ci Ac6+ 3
'i!?b8 (3. l:hc6 hi) 3 . . . hi =.
1 . . . . fs!
I . . . . 'i!?g6 2. f!d6+ 'i!?g7 3 Ads +-.
2. . di!
2. f! x fs + 'i!?g6 3 E!hs (3. Ads 'i!?xfs 4 as 'i!?es
s. b7 f7 6. a6 Ads -+) 3 . . . <t!? x hs 4 Ads
x a4 - + .
2.
A x a4 3 c1 Ac6+ 4 xc6! h1W S
Af7+ gs 6. f4+!
The point. The rook is unpinned.
6. . . . gx6 7 g6+ hs 8 .l:!g8+ h6 9
h8+ 1-0
. . .
0 E2-22
Najdorf- Kotov, Mar del Plata 1957

I. Adl !
.0:. hs. Other candidate moves :
A) I. x f6 A x f6 2. xh7+ 'i!?f8 ;!; ;
B ) 1 . CUg4 looks good, for example :
BI) I. . . . h6 2. cu x h6+ +- or
B2) 1.
Axb3 2. cuxf6+ xf6 3 xh7+ 'i!?f8
4 h8+ c;:!;>q S xg7 +-.
But Black can put up a better defence:
B3) I.
't!ff8 ! 2. cu x f6 (2. Ah6 !) 2.
A x f6
3 x f6 x f6 4 x f6 gxf6 s. xds exds 6.
.!"! x h7 't!fg8 and Black still has counter chances.
But, besides the move Najdorf played in the
game, there is still one more candidate move.
C) 1. Ac2!! (an idea of Zaitsev)
The threat is 2. x h7+ and if Black takes the
bishop, White wins the rook afi:er 2. 11, x f6 A x f6
3 x h7 + and 4 x c2. Let's consider Black's
possible defences :
CI) I . . . . g6 2. A x f6 + - ;
C2) 1.
h6 2 . A x h6 + - ;
C3) 1.
't!ff8 2 . A x h7 ft:l xh7 3 hs! +
aren't too interesting.
In principle, there only remains
C4) I . . . . .El. x c2 2. x f6 h6 (2. . . . Axf6 3 xh7+
'i!?f8 4 x c2 +-) 3 hs! A x f6 (3 . . . . .El.f8 4
xg7 +-) 4 xf7+ 'i!?h7 (4 . . . . 'i!?h8 5 .El.xh6+ !

0 0 0
. .
0 0 0
28
SOLUTION
gxh6 6. lUg6#) 5 x h6 + ! 'i!? x h6 6. 'l/jg6#.

Zaitsev's analysis removes any doubts. To find
a move like I. Ac2!! during an actual game is in
credibly tough, but the constant search for candi
date moves can help us a little bit.
1
Was
Kotov does not see the threat. It was much better
E 2-22
to play I . . . c7 !, to protect the weak f7 point

(2. Ah5 lU x h5 3 'l/jxh5 A xg5).
z. Ahs! l:!eds
22 . . . . lUxh5 23. 'l/jxh5 +-; 22. . . . fs 23. Axf6
A x f6 24. A x f7+ x f7 25. 'l/j x h7+ +-.
3 Axf7+ 'i!?fs 4 Ah6! +- es S Wf4 Af6
6. A xg7+ e7 7 Axes Axg7 8. l:!xh7 1-o
.
29
PRACTICAL E X ERCISES
Practical exerc i ses

Try to play the following two studies l i ke real games. You take White and allow you rself
one hour's thi n ki ng ti me. Cover the m oves and d i agrams with a sheet of paper. When
you have made your decision, you are allowed to look at the right move (on the solutions
page), the comments, and you r 'opponent's' next m ove. For every correct move you are
awarded points.
The left col u m n shows you a study by Matous, the right one, a study by Pogosjants.
Concentrate on the candidate moves and don't try to calculate everything from beginning
to end.
Ernest Pog osjants 1969
Mario Matous 1979

9
7
8
7
6
5
4
3
- ----
t - .. ...._.
l----
rn
8
a
rn
10
C HAPTER 2 CANDI DATE MOVES
30
11
a
[1]
e
13
[1]
e
[1]
c
14
6
5
4
12
[j,
3
2
1
[1]
8
[j,
[j,
II
a
PRACTICAL EXERCISES
)I
15
a
111
e
17
111
e
16
a
111
e
18
111
32
CHAPTER 2 CANDI DATE MOVES
19
a
[1]
e
[1]
20
[1]
21
h
33
PRACT I C A L E X E RC I S E S
Matous 1979: solution
Pogosiants 1979: solution
Diagram 7 on page 29
I. Ahs! (1 point)
fz! !:::,. \3ffi-gi-g3# (2 points)

I. @xfi + ? c;;.h 2; I. c;;. x fi ? a6 ; I. \3fh4 + ? CUh2
I
Agz
I . . . . 1i1a3 2. \31 x fi + c;;,h 2 3 1c'1gi + c;;,h 3 4 1i1g4+
'i!th2 5 1i1f4+ c;;,h i 6. 1i1h4+ 1i1h3 7 \31 x h3# ;
I . . . . CUh2 2. AfJ+ ! cu x f3 3 \31cr + + - ;
r . . . . \31a6 2 . A6+ +I.
3 A6+ hz 4 Axhi a3!
z. A6! (1 point)
z
r. h7? c;;,g2 = (r. . . . c;;.g r)

I
gz z. f4 hi W
S h7 az
Wg7!
x fJ 3 \31 x fr + +
6. h8A! (1 point)
3 Wh4+!! (2 points)
6. h8\31? ar\31 7 \31xar =

6
xhi
3 @xfr + ? c;;,h 2 4 \31gr+ c;;,h 3 5 Axg2+ c;;,h 4 6.

1c'1h2+ c;;.g 5 =
3
hz
7 g3 hz
4 Wh8! (1 point)
8. Aai!! (3 points)
4
Wg6
. . . \31xh8 5 Axg2#

S
S Wh7! (1 point)
8. Ad4? ar\31 9 Axar c;;.g r ro. Ad4+ c;;,h r = ; 8.

c;;,h 3? c;;.g r 9 Ad4+ c;;,h r ro. es c;;.g r rr. llxh2+
c;;. rz r2. Aes c;;.fJ =
8
gi
Wgs
Diagram 20 on the preceding page

6. Wh6! (1 point)
6. . . . Wg8
Diagram 19 on the facing page

7 Wei+ (1 point)
and afi:er 8.
cufr 8. @xfr + c;;.h 2 9 \31gr + c;;.h 3
ro. Axg2+ c;;.h 4 II. 1c'1h2+ c;;.g 5 12. 1i1g3+ White
wins.
0 0 0
Ad4+ hi
Diagram 21 on the facing page

IO. h3! (1 point)
and afi:er ro . . . . ar\31 I I . Axar c;;.g r 12. Ad4+ c;;,h r
13. Ae5 +- White wins.
C H A P T E R 2 C A N D I DATE M OV E S
34
S core tab l e
Your Points
Your Poi nts
Points
Ma
Points
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
10
21
11
22
Points
Po
total
Points
Playing Strength
less than 4 points
beginner
4 - 8 points
ELO
9 - 18 points
ELO 1000 - 1500
19 - 25 points
ELO 1500 - 1800
800 - 1000
2 6 - 3 2 points
ELO 1800 - 2 100
3 3 - 45 points
ELO 2 100 - 2 300
46 - 55 points
ELO above 2 300
56 - 64 points
ELO above 2400
64
You r Poi nts
35
3 The Wrong-Col ou red Bis h op

I.
Another i m portant point is that the eval
Why do so many games end i n a d raw? One
of the mai n reasons is the range of d efen uation of the position d oes not change if
sive poss i b i l ities . Even the great materia l Wh i te has m ore than one h-pawn . Only if
advantage of an extra minor piece does not the stronger s i d e manages to prevent the
inevitably result in a wi n . Diagram 22 shows king from entering the corner does he have
one of the most im portant theoretical d raw wi n n i ng chances .
ing fortresses .
+-
23
22
D
a
2
a
a
Af ter
Even though White is a bishop and a
1. Aaz l +pawn up, the position is tota l ly d rawn . The
Black's ki ng is cut off f rom the vital cor
defence is very easy here : the black king j ust
has to stay in the corner. White's king and ner, and the pawn advances to the queening
bishop can not d rive it from h8. This is d u e square. The other m ethod of keeping the
to the fact that t h e b i s h o p d oes n o t con king fro m the corner is less effective here.
trol the h-pawn's promotion sq ua re. Th is Af ter 1 . Ah7? there fol lows 1 . . . . c!>f7 2. c!>f2
is the well-known 'wrong-coloured bishop'. c!>f6, a n d a typ i ca l d rawi ng m echa n is m is
(This only works with a rook's pawn . I n i n i tiated : the th reat is 'i!?gs, a n d after the
all other cases White wins with the help of bishop retreats the king reaches the corner:
zugzwang. ) It is i m poss ible to force Black's 3 Ae4 c!>f7 4 Ah7 'i!?f6 = 6'i!?g8 I n th is l i ne,
king to l eave the corner. White can only de White wou l d wi n if h is ki ng reached the f4
sq uare.
l iver stalemate :
1. c!>f6 c!>g8 2. h6 c!>h8 3 c!>f7
C H A PT E R 3 T H E W RO N G -COLO U R E D B I S H O P
36
+-
24
a
D
f
6
5
3
I n spite of the si m pl icity of these

endga mes, there a re many h idden subtleties.
Exercises 1 to 9 w i l l help you to cement,
and to deepen, you r u n dersta n d i ng of this
highly practical endgame.
1 . Ahs +-
Here White can cut off the black king on

the e8-h5 d iagona l :
II.
The possi bility of tra nsposing i n to the

endgame of w rong-col o u red bishop a n d
rook's pawn i s often a n i m porta n t d efen
sive resou rce. Th is is a famous exam ple.
Robert Fischer - M ark Tai manov

(2), Vancouver 1971
Candidate 's Match
25
a
As i s well know n, a kn ight has great dif

fi c u l ties when cou n teri ng a roo k's paw n .
Black cou ld have spared himself great trou
ble had he remembered the position from
d iagram 22. After 81 . . . . ltJd3 ! 82. h4 ( 82.
'i!?fs 'i!?d6 ! .<0.'i!?e7-f7-g7-h8) 82 . . . . ltJf4 83.
'i!?fs 'i!?d 6 ! Black has to sacrifice the knight,
but the king ca n enter the corner. 84. 'i!;>xf4
'i!?e7 85. 'i!?gs 'i!?f7 86. 'i!?h6 'i!?g8 = . I nstead
there followed
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
Th i s u n fo rtu nate m ove loses the game,

for now Ta i ma n ov does not have ti me to
bring the knight back to defend. Other king
m oves were better : 81 . . . . 'i!?d6 ! 82. Ae2
ltJd7+ ( 82 . . . . 'i!?ds 83. h4 ltJd7+ 84. 'i!?e7 'i!?es)
83. 'i!?f7 'i!?es 84. h4 ltJf6 = ; or 81 . . . . 'i!?d4 82.
Ae6 (82. Ad1 ltJd7+ ) 82 . . . . ltJf3 = .
82. Ac8 c!>f4
37
82 . . . . t!Jf3 83. Ab7+ f4 84. A x f3 xf3

85. g5 +- also loses, as does 82 . . . . tbd3 83.
Js+ .
83. h4 tLif3 84. hs tLigs 8s. Afs tLif3 86.

h6 tLigs 87. g6
Black is i n zugzw ang.
62 . ... ttlb8 1
( .6 tbc6+ and t!J x b4)
The point is that 63. bs can be answered

by 63 . . . . lbc6+ ! 64. bxc6 xc6 and the
game transposes i n to o u r d rawn position
from d i agram 22.
=
87. . . . tLif3 88. h7 tL!es+ 89. f6 1-o

* * *
63 . . . . tLic6 64. bs tLI)(b4 6s. b6
I n the game Portisch - Kavalek, Wh ite u nder

estimated Black's chances, wh ich were con
nected, of course, with the wrong-coloured
bishop.
Lajos Portisch - Lu bomir Kavalek

Montrea/ 1979
Or 65. A x b4+ q 66. Ad6+ b7 = .
6s . ... tLid3 1
Threatening tbb2, and the d raw is clear:
66. Ac3 d7 67. b7 tbcs+
Yz-2.
* * *
+-
26
Here i s a s i m i lar endgame. We have already

seen that B l ack's m a i n h ope l ies in sacrific
i ng a knight for the g-pawn.
M u rray Chand ler - Zsuzsa Polgar

Montrea/ 1979
27
+a
61. A)(as
It wou l d h ave been better to p l ay 61.
c;t>c4!
61
..
d6 62. b4??
White could win with either 62. C4 c6

63. b4 +- or 62. Ad8 tbb8 63. C4 tbc6 64.
Ab6 +-. Bl ack is n ow able to el i m i nate h i s
main enemy, the b-paw n , with a fork.
so. fs g7 51. g4 tLif6 52. gs tLig8 53

e6 ttlh6 54 g)(h6+??
C H A P T E R 3 T H E W RO N G -COLO U R E D B I S H O P
Such a grave m ista ke has j u st one expla

nati o n : Chandler expected the a u tomatic
recaptu re. In that case the black king wou ld
have been cut off from the corner, a n d the
win would be easy: 54 . . . . 'i!?xh6 55. 'i!?f6 'i!?h5
56. 'i!?g7 +-. The correct wi n n i ng method
was demonstrated by Dvoretsky: 54 h4 lLlg4
55. 'i!?f5 C2Jh6+ 56. 'i!?f4 lLlf7 57 gd5 C2Jh6 58 .
h5 'i!?h7 59 ge68 'i!?g7 6o. 'i!?e5 'i!?h8 61. 'i!?f6
'i!?h7 62. 'i!?e7 'i!?g7 63. 'i!?e8 'i!?h7 ( 63 . . . . 'i!?h8
64. g6 'i!?g7 65. 'i!?e7 'i!?h8 66. 'i!?f8 Yusu pov)
64. 'i!?f8 'i!?h8 65. g6 lLlf5 66. h6 C2J x h6 67.
g7+ 'i!?h7 68. gf5+ C2J x f5 69. g818'+ .
53 Ag6 ?? ct>xf4 54 Axfs

Wh i te expected the bishop to be reca p
tu red : 54 . . . 'i!?xf5 ? 55 h6 +-. Black d i d not
m i ss h i s cha nce :
54 ... ct>xes l 55 h6 ct>f6

6'i!?f7-g8
s6. ct>e2 ct>f7 57 Ah7 ct>f6 1

6'i!?g5
58. Ag8 ct>g6 59 h7 ct>g7 = Y2-Y2

* * *
54 ... ct>h8 1
Of course ! As we know, the n u m ber of
pawns on the h-file makes no d i fference.
ss - Ads ct>h7 s6. ct>f7 ct>hs Y2-Yz
Vlad i m ir Raicevic - Albin Planinc

Zagreb 1977
* * *
The same sad mistake occu rred i n this game

too.
lev G u tman - Vladas M i kenas
Riga 1969
+-
28
a
fj,
+-
29
I nstead of the s i m ple 53 e6 'i!?xf4 54 e7

Ad7 55 h6 +-, White tried to p lay the tech
nica l ly neat
fj,
I n the next exa m ple the p layer with the

better position a lso underestimated h is op
ponent's cha nces. The rooks had to be kept
on the board with 61. gh7! +-, fol lowed by
E! x h5. The attempt to win the game q u ickly
led to an elegant d raw.
61. E!gs?? .El.g3+ I 62. ct> xf4

62. 'i!?f2 'i!?f6 = ; 62. E! x g3 fxg3 = .
62 . ... .El.g4+ I 63. ct>f3
39
63. Et xg4 h xg4 64. 'i!?g5 g3 65. Ae4 f7 = .
63 . . . . f6 - Yz-Yz
H owever, 63 . . . . Et x h4 64. A x h5 would
not have been clever, when Wh i te ca n sti l l
try to w i n .
Kenneth Smith - Mario Campos Lopez

San A n tonio 1972
30
+
a
1 . . . . g5 !?, would have given more cha nces,

although even in this case White w i l l , after
the cold-blooded 2. 'i!?f3 f5 3. 'i!?gz, be able
to hold the game.
2. Et )( b2 A )( b2 3 f3 ?!
I t would have been more precise to play
3 h4! 'i!?e5 4 g4 'i!?f4 5 'i!?h3 .6 g5, h5.
3 - fs
B lack could have given Wh ite a l i ttle
m o re to worry a bout with 3 . . . Ac3 4 h4
Ae1 ! (4 . . . . Ad2 5 g4 Ae1 6. g5+ = ) 5 'i!?g4
Adz 6 . 'i!?f3 e5 7 'i!?e2 Aa5 8. f3 Now
Wh i te forces the position from d iagram 22.
4 h4 1
4 g4+ ? 'i!?g5-+ .
= .
...
Aq S g4+ f6 6. gs+ I
6. h5 ? g5.
a
..
Etb2
As Edmar Med n i s correctly noted , Black

shou l d n 't be in a h u rry to exchange rooks.
6 . . . . fs 7 hs l g)(hs s. g2 )(gs
Yz-Yz
For i ndependent study you m ight con

sider exercises 10 to 22. The ma i n theme i n
these positions i s the struggle t o reach a
position with the wrong-coloured bishop.
C H A P T E R 3 T H E W RO N G -C O L O U R E D B I S H O P
40
Ill.
The presence o f more pawns on the defend
ing side adds com plexity and often cha nges
the assessment of the position . As i n the
next example.
von Holzhausen 1910

D
31
8
7
6
Th i s fortress i s also i m p regna ble.

* * *
H owever, i f White has a nother pawn , the

position tu rns aga i nst h i m .
N igel Short - G arry Kasparov

Belgrade 1989
h
8
I f the w h i te king reaches a1, the d raw is

clear: 1 . . . . 't!?b4 2. 't!?b1 't!?b3 3 't!?a1 't!?c2 4
b4 a x b3 stalemate.
1 . ... Au l
Now i t looks bad for White, but the un
fortunate positions of Black's bishop a n d
king saves h i m .
2. b4 1 +
But not 2. b3 ??, because of2 . . . . a3 ! -+ .
The w i n n i ng pla n i s easy: Black sta le

mates the enemy king and forces the b
pawn to adva nce. After this the a-pawn
leaves the edge and Wh ite has just one use
less move with his rema i n i ng pawn .
93 ... g2 94 d1 f3 95 d2 e4
96. C3 e3 97 c2 e2 98. c1
O r 98. 't!?c3 Ad3 99 't!?b3 't!?d2 100. 't!?a3

't!?c2 101. 't!?a2 Aq+ 102. b3 ( 102. 't!?a1 't!?c1
103. b3 Abs 104. 't!?a2 Ad3 -+) 102 . . . . Abs
103. 't!?a1 't!?c1 104. 't!?a2 Ad3 105. 't!?a1 Ab1
and Black wins.
98 . .. Ad3 99 b3 e1 100. b2 d2
101. a1 c2 102. a2 c1 l
.
= .
1. c2 l
2 . . . . c;!?x b4 3- 't!?b2
Without the b-pawn, White would eas

i ly reach the corner. But in this case, Wh ite
has more p roblems, e. g. 1 . 't!?c1 ?? loses to
Ad3 -+.
2 . ... axb3+
-+
32
41
Under no c i rc u m stances should Black

captu re the pawn with his ki ng. For exam
ple 102 . . . . 'i!?c3 103. 'i!?a1 'i!?><b4? = o r 103 . . . .
@x b3 ? 104. bs = leads to a draw.
103. c;ga1
103. 'i!?a3 'i!?b1 104. 'i!?a4 'i!?b2-+ 105. 'i!?as

@x b3 106. 'i!?b6 'i!?><b4-+ .
Here Black resigned . The win n i ng plan

i s nearly identical to the Short - Kasparov
game. ss . . . . gs s6. Ae6 'i!?h7 (56 . . . . g6 57
Ags +-) 57 Afs+ g6 (57 . . . 'i!?hs ss. Ae4 g6
59 Ads 'i!?h7 6o. Ae6 'i!?h6 61. 'i!?g8 +-) 58.
Ae6 'i!?h8 (58 . . . . 'i!?h6 59 'i!?g8 'i!?hs 6o. c;!;>g7
'i!?h4 61. 'i!?><g6 +-) 59 Ag8 g4 6o. h><g4 gs
61. Ae6 +-.
103 . .. . Ab1 o-1
And because of 104. bs a><bs 105. b4

Ad3 -+ White resigned .
* * *
Rustem Dautov - Drazen Sermek
Dresden 1998
+a
D
f
3
2
Ter Ape/ 1987

+-
34
The same method was used by White in the

following game.
33
Eric Lob ron -John van der Wiel
49 c;gC4 c;ggs
49 . . . 'i!?e7!? so. Aa4 +- (so. A><g6?? 'i!?f8

51. Ah7 gs = ) .
so. c;gds c;gh6
so . . . . 'i!?h4 51. Ad7 +-.

51. c;ge6 c;gh7 52. c;gf7 c;ghs 53 c;gfs c;gh7
54 Af7 c;ghs ss. Ag8 1 1-o
D
h
3
2
Thi s i s another i mportant situ ation. To

wi n , White has to capture the pawn on h4
without allowi ng the black king to reach
the h8 square. Rauzer analysed endgames
with rook-pawns and kings in different posi
tions. He discovered a zone where the black
king m ust be to hold the d raw. Thi s zone
i s marked by the squares a8-a6-q-ds-e4h7-h8. H owever, a word of warni ng: ' Even
if the king is situated in the drawi ng zone,
the d raw i s sti l l not guaranteed . The fol
lowing has to be considered : if the white
bishop gets onto the a2-g8 diagonal, the
black king has to manoeuvre in such a way
that it reaches e7 when the white king gets
to the gs square.' (Averbakh )
C H A P T E R 3 T H E W RO N G - C O LO U R E D B I S H O P
42
71 . ... q;C] 72. q;d4 q;d6 73 q;e4 q;d7

74 q;e5 q;e7 75 Ae6 q;e8 76. q;f6 q;f8 77
.Aq q;e8 78. q;g7 q;e7 79 JJ.f7 q;d6 8o.
q;f6 q;d7 81. Ag6 q;d8 82. q;e6
106. q;xh4 q;f6 1 o7. q;h5 q;g7 1o8. q;g5

@h8 109. h4 Y2-Y2
Kl i ng & Horwitz 1851
+-
The defence is very easy: the b l ac k king

has to stay on the back-rank.
35
82. ... q;q 83. Ae8 @d8 84. Ad7 q;q

85. q;e7 q;b8 86. @d6
86. 'i!?f6 @q 87. Ae6 'i!?d8 88. 'i!?gs 'i!?e7 = .
86 . ... @b7 87. Ag4 @b8 88. q;c6 @a7

89. @q q;a8
The black king manoeuvres i n such a way

that i t rem a i n s near the a8 sq u are; i f i t i s
d ispl aced fro m there, i t heads for t h e safe
square h8.
90. Af3+ q;a7 91. Ac6

91. 'i!?d8 'i!?b8 (91 . . . . 'i!?b6 ) 92. Ads 'i!?a7
93 'i!?e7 'i!?b6 94 'i!?f6 'i!?cs ! = .
91 . ... q;a6 92. q;b8 @b6 93 Ab7 @c5

94 q;c7 q;b5 1
94 . . . 'i!?d4 ? 95 'i!?d6 'i!?c4 96. 1l.c6. The
king must not leave the d raw i ng zone.
95. Ac8 @c5 96. Ae6

96. Ad7 'i!?ds '-'i!?es-f6-g7 97. 'i!?d8. The
king mustn't be allowed to reach h8. 97. . . .
'i!?d6 98. Ac8 'i!?c6 99. Ag4 'i!?b7 1oo. Af3+
'i!?b8 (100 . . . . 'i!?b6 101. 'i!?d7 'i!?a7) 101. Ag2
'i!?a7 102. 'i!?e7 'i!?b6 103. 'i!?f6 @q 104. 'i!?gs
'i!?d7 105. 'i!?xh4 'i!?e7 = . The w h i te bishop is
not on the a2-g8 d i agonal !
96 . ... q;b5 97 Ads @a6 1 98. Ac4+ c;;,a7

99 Ad3 q;a8 100. Ae2 c;;,a7 101. Ac4 q;a8
102. q;d6 q;b7 103. q;e5 @q 104. c;;,f6 q;d7
105. c;;,gs c;;,e7
J ust i n ti me !
0
h
4
3
The b l ac k ki ng i s o u ts i d e the d rawi ng

zone a8-a7-d4-e5-f4-h6-h8 . With precise
play White can w i n the game.
1 . Af4 l c;;,g2 t
1 . . . . 'i!?f2 2. 'i!?e4 'i!?g2 3 'i!?d4 'i!?f3 4 Ah2
'i!?g4 5 'i!?C4 'i!?fs 6. 'i!?b4 'i!?e6 7 'i!?xa4 'i!?d7
8. 'i!?bs 'i!?c8 9 'i!?c6 +-.
2. q;g4 1
2. 'i!?e4 'i!?h3 3 'i!?d4 'i!?g4 4 Ah2? 'i!?fs ! s.
'i!?C4 'i!?e6 6 . 'i!?bs 'i!?d7 = .
2 . ... c;;,f2 3 Ac1 l q;e2 4 q;f4 q;f2

I f 4 . . . 'i!?d1 5. Ae3 'i!?c2, then 6. 'i!?es ! (6.
'i!?e4? 'i!?b3 7- Acs 'i!?C4 8. Ae3 'i!?b3 9 . Ac1
'i!?c4) 6 . . . . 'i!?b3 7 Acs 'i!?C4 8. 'i!?d 6 'i!?b3 9 .
'i!?c6 'i!?C4 1 0 . .Ad 6 and White reaches a pos i tion analysed in the l i ne w i th 4 . . . 'i!?d3 though somewhat q uicker. After 4 . . . 'i!?d3
5 Ae3 ! 'i!?C4 6. 'i!?es 'i!?b3 7 Acs 'i!?C4 8. <i!?d6
b5 9 d5 c;;,a5 10. <i!?c6 a6 11. Ag1 a5 12.
b7 bs 13. Ab6 ! <i!?C4 14. c6 b3 (14 . . . .
d3 15. b5 e4 16. xa4 d5 17. bs +-)
43
15. Acs c4 16. Ad6 d4 17. bs ds 18.

Ah2 +- Wh ite ach i eves h i s aim.
36
8
7
6
5
+a
f g h
2
a
8
7
6
5
4
3
f g h
That's the key positio n of this endgame.

Black i s i n zugzwang. H e l oses the a-pawn
and cannot reach the a8 square.
5 Ae3+ 'i!;>g2 6. 'i!;>g4 'i!;>h2

6 . . . . h1 7 Af4 g2 8 . Ag3.
7 Af4+ 'i!;>g2 8. Ag3 'i!;>g1 9 'i!;>f3 'i!;>h1 1o.

Ab8 'i!;>g1 11. 'i!;>e3 'i!;>g2 12. 'i!;>d3 'i!;>f3 13. 'i!;>c4
e4 14. 'i!;>b5 'i!;>d5 15. Ah2
(see d i agram 36)
15 . ... 'i!;>d4 16. 'i!;>xa4 1-0
V i ktor Korchnoi - Anatoly Karpov

Baguio 1978
37
8
7
6
5
=
a
f g h
3
2
e
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
f g h
Without the b-pawn it wou l d be a clear

cut d raw. But the second pawn gives Wh ite
the ch ance to p l ay for a wi n . Wh i te can try
to stale m ate the enemy king and so force
the advance ofthe b-pawn .
74 Ae7 'i!;>a7 75 'i!;>q 'i!;>aS 76. Ad6 'i!;>a7

76 . . . . bs ?? 77 Acs b4 78. a x b4 +-.
77 'i!;>cs 'i!;>a6
77 . . . a8 ?? 78. Ab8 bs 79 . q b4 8o.
a x b4 a3 81. bs a2 82. b6 a1 83. b7#.
78. 'i!;>bs b5 79 Ab4

* * *
It is i n teresting to see how the addition of

another pawn changes the d efensive strat
egy. The next exa m p l e is a good model
for playi ng the endgame rook's p awn and
knight's pawn versu s roo k's p awn with
wrong-coloured bishop.
79 q b4 ! 8o. a x b4 (8o. A x b4 a7 = )
8o . . . . bs = .
79 . . . 'i!;>b6 So. 'i!;>cs 'i!;>c6 1

B l ack's king h as to leave the d angerous
triangle a6-a8-c8 at once.
8o . . . . a6 ? 81. q a7 82. c6
A) 82 . . . . <i!?b8 83. Ad6+
A1 ) 83 . . . . c8 84. Aq +-;
A2) 83 . . . . a7 84. Aq 'i!i>a6 (84. . . . 'i!i>a8
85. b6 +-) 85. Ab6 +-;
A3) 83 . . . . a8 84. b6 +-;
C H A PT E R 3 T H E W RO N G -COLO U R E D B I S H OP
44
B) 82 . . . . a6 83. Acs as 84. Ad4 a6

( 84 . . . . b4 85. Ab6+ a6 86. a >< b4 a3 87.
b5#) 85. Ab6 b4 86. ax b4.
81. @d8 <"hd5 82. c-he7 <"he5 83. c-hf7 <"hd5

84. @f6 @d4 85. @e6 @e4 86. Af8 @d4
87. @d6 e4 88. A87
88. cs 'i!i>es 89. >< bs @e6 (Wh ite's
bishop isn't o n the h2-b8 d iago n al . ) 90.
@xa4 @d7 91. 'i!i>bs @q 92. Ad6+ ( 92. 'i!i>a6
@b8 ) 92 . . . . b7 =
8 8. ... f4 89. <"he6 c-hf3 90. e5 84

91. Af6 h5 92. f5 h6 93 Ad4 c-hh7 94
f6
94 @gs g8 95. @g6 @f8 96. Acs+ e8
97. f6 @d7 98. es e8 9 9 @e6 d8 100.
Ad 6 @c8 101. e7 @b7 ( 101 . . . . b4! An i m
portant resou rce for the defence. 102. a >< b4
'i!i>b7 103. e6 c6 =) 102. @d7 b4 !
= .
94 ... h6 1
1oo . ... c-hf3 101. Ah2 <"h82 1o2. A.q c-hf]

103. Ad6 e3 104. e5 f3
104 . . . . @d3 ? 105. ds e3 1o6. @c5 e4
107. r;!;> x bs @d5 108. Ah2 +-.
105. d5 @84 106. c5 f5 107. @xbs

e6
B l ac k expl oits the awkward positi o n of
the b i s h o p and wins an i m p ortant tem po.
Now we h ave reached an endgame we know
al ready.
108. c6 f6 109. d7 87 110. Ae7

88 111. e6 87 112. Ac5 88 113. f6
h7 114. f7 h8 115. Ad4+ h7 116.
Ab2 h6 117. 88 86 118. A87 f5 119.
f7 85 120. Ab2 h6 121 . .Ac1+ h7 122.
Ad2 h8 123 . ACJ+ h7 124. A87 2-Y2
* * *
The l ast endgames were d ifficult. To deepen

you r u nderstand i ng of this theme, I would
recommend that you take a look at the final
exercises 23 to 25 . Good luck and h ave fu n.
Final ly, I append a list of books with
95 Ae3+ h5 96. f5 c-hh4 97 Ad2
more m aterial regard ing the theme 'wrong
83 98. A85 f3 99 Af4
col o u red bishop' :
1 ) Yu ri Averbakh : Comprehensive Chess
Without the p awn o n bs the positio n i s
w o n for Wh i te - see d i agram 3 5 The p res E n d i ngs : B i s h o p E n d i ngs : Kn ight E n d i ngs:
ence of the second pawn changes the resu lt. 001 ( Pergamon Russian Chess Series)
2 ) Edmar M ed n is : Practical Endgame
99 ... 82 1oo. Ad6
Lessons ( Cadogan 1997)
3) E d m ar M ed n i s : Better Endgame Play
100. @g4 f2 101 . Ac1 @e2 102. @f4 d3
103. es ( 103. Ae3 b4 ! ) 103 . . . . C4 104. ( Chess Enterprises 2000)
Ad2 b4 ! ( 104 . . . . cs) 105. A x b4 bs = .
Here, the corner i s d angero us for Bl ack.
94 . . . @g8 ?? 95 Acs h7 96. Af8 @g8
97 Ag7 @h7 98. f7 +- .
45
EXERCISES
Exercises ( solutions
E3-1
p. 52-54)
rn
*
a
E 3-3
rn
**
a
E3-2
rn
**
a
E 3-4
rn
**
a
46
C H A PT E R 3 T H E WRONGCOLOURED BISHOP
**
E3-s
a
I1J
e
E 3-7
I1J
****
a
Jt
E3-6
I1J
***
a
E3-8
I1J
**
a
EXERCISES
47
E 3-9
rn
***
a
E 3-11
rn
*
a
E 3-10
a
rn
E 3-12
II
**
48
CHAPTER 3 T H E WRONGCOLOURED BISHOP
E3-13
a
[1]
***
b
11
*****
E 3-15
b
E3-14
a
11
***
b
E 3-16
[1]
*****
b
EX ERCISES
49
**
E 3-17
a
rn
e
E 3-19
**
b
Ill
e
E 3-18
a
**
b
rn
e
E 3-20
rn
**
b
C HAPTER 3 T H E WRONGCOLOURED BISHOP
;o
E3-21
a
rn
**
b
E3-23
rn
***
b
E3-22
a
rn
****
d
E3-24
rn
h
EXERCISES
SI
E3-25
a
*****
b
[1]
f
52
SOLUTIO N S
E 3 I TO E 310
Sol utions
0 E3-1
Alexei Troitzky, I896

I. Ae6! e7 2.. h6 f6 3 Afs! f7 4 Ah7
f6 S f4 f7 6. fs f8 7 6 e8 8.
Afs I-o
0 E3-2
Gijs van Breukelen, I967

I. hs [1. c;;,f4 d2 2 . .Ua4 d1 3 A x d1 c;;,e s] I .
. . . d2. 2.. Aa4 diW 3 Axdi e8 4 Ah3 e6 S
Axe6 c;!>e7 6. h6 c;!>f6 7 Afs c;!>f7 8. Ah7 I-o
0 E3-3
Orrin Frink, I92.3

I. Ad7!! c;!>e3 2.. h4 e4 3 hs es 4 h6 c;!>f6
S Ae8!! +- I-o
0 E3-4
Evgeny Dvizov, I987

I. 6 Af2. 2.. xe3+ [2. c;;,d s e2 3 El.f4 e1 4
.El.e4+ c;;,f6 5 .El.xe1 Axe1 6. c;;,e4 h4 7 c;;,f3 h3] 2..
. . . A x e3+ 3 ds h4 4 e4 h3 S c;!>6 Af4
6. f2. Ah2. 7 6 Ab8 8. f2. Ah2. 9 6
'h-'h
[3. c;;,h 4! = J
3 . . . fi 4 c;!>g3 0 'h-'h
0 E3-7
Gijs van Breukelen, I969

I. d7
[1. c;;,d s c;;,r4 2. c;;,e6 c;;,g 3 ; 1. c;;,d6 c;;,r4 2. c;;,e7
c;;,g s 3 c;;,rs c;;,g6 J
I, . . . f4
Corresponding squares e7-g5, fS-g6.
[ 1. . . . c;;,g 3 2. .Ue6]
2.. c;!>e8!
[ 2. c;;,e7 'tt>g s 0 = J
2.. . . . c;!>gs
[ 2 . . . . c;;,rs 3 c;;,r7 +- J
3 e7!
[ 3 c;;,r7 'tt>h 4; 3 c;;,rs c;;,g6 J
g6 4 c;!>f8 c;!>h6 s. f7 c;!>gs 6. c;!>g7
3
fs 7 h6 I-o
. .
0 E3-8
Oldfich Duras, I908

I. Ab4! c;!>f7 2.. a4 c;!>e8 [ 2. . . . c;;,e6 3 as 'tt>ds 4
a6 c;;,c6 s. Aas !] 3 as d8 4 Ad6 c8 S a6
I-0
0 E3-5
G. Gotsdiner, I978
I. c;!>e7 A x fs 2.. a6 bxa6 3 x f6 as 4 es
a4 S c;!>d4 a3 6. C3 Ae6 7 c;!>c2. Au 8. c;!>q
'h-'h
0 E3-6
losif Krikheli, I98S

I. XU+! Xe2. 2.. c;!>g4!
[ 2. 'tt>g 3 'tt>f1 0 3 c;;,r3 (3. c;;,h 3 'tt>h 4 'tt>g4 'tt>g2 s.
'tt>hs Ae3 6. 'tt>g4 .Ugs 7 'tt>fs 'tt>[J -+) 3 . . . .Uh
4 'tt>g 4 c;;,g 2 s. c;;,h s .Ue3 6. c;;,h 4 Ad2 7 c;;,g 4
Ags -+]
2.
c;!>ei
[ 2. . . . Ae3 3 'tt>g 3 c;;,fi 4 c;;,h 2 =]
3 c;!>6!
0 E3-9
Alexander Herbstman, I92.8

I. b6! axb6
[1. . . . c;;,c6 2. Ae7 ! (2. bxa7 c;;,b 7 =) 2 . . . . axb6
(2 . . . . c;;,b7 3 Ads ! +-) 3 a6 +-]
2.. a6 c6 3 Ae7!
[3 . .Uxd6 bs 4 Acs 'tt>c7 5 .Ua7 'tt>c6 6. 'tt>d 3 b4
7 'tt>c4 b3 s. c;;, x b3 c;;,bs = ]
3 . . . c7!
[3 . . . . bs 4 Ads ds s. c;;,d 3 b4 6. c;;,d 4 0]
4 A x d6+! c6! 5 d3 bs 6. Acs! c7
7 Aa7 b4 8. c;!>c4 I-o
0 E3-10
unknown, I9II
SOLU T I O N S
E 3II
TO
E 3I6
53
I. ct>ei! Ab3 [1 . . . . xgz] z. W x ds+ ct>xds 3

dz 'h-'h
0 E3-11
Gioacchino Greco, I6I9
I. h8+ c8 z. xeS+ ct>xc8 3 Aa6!! bxa6 =
'h-'h
0 E3-12
Reshevsky - Tatai, Netanya 1973
so . . . . Ctl><f4+!
[so . . . . CLlci + ? 51. 'i!i>cz ctJa2 52. 'i!i>b3 CLlci + 53
@bz +-; so . . . . tLlg1 51. 'i!i>e3 6f1, ctJf2 Mednis
51 . . . . gs sz. f1 (52. 'i!i>fz lLlh3+ =) 52 . . . . g4 53
i&gz 'i!i>f6 54 'i!i>fz ctJh3+ 55 l& x h3 gxh3]
s gxf4 gs! sz. fxgs h6! =
[sz. . . . h6 53 h4 hxgs 54 h x gs 'i!i>g6 = ]
'h-'h
0 E3-13
Gijs van Breukelen, Ig8o
I. ct>ez bs
[1 . . . . 'i!i>d7 2. 'i!i>d3 Afs+ 3 'i!i>xc3 Axcz 4 'i!i>xc2
@c6 5 'i!i>b2 = ; 1. . . . AC4+ 2. 'i!i>e3 bs 3 'i!i>d4 =]
z. Aa4!
[2. 'it>d3? b4 3 'i!i>d4 'i!i>e7 - + ]
z
Ac4+
[2 . . . . bxa4 3 'it>d3 = ; 2. . . . !l,d7 3 'it>d3! (3. Ab3?
Afs 4 'it>e3 'it>d7 S 'i!i>d4 c2 -+) 3 . . . b4 4 Ab3
@e7 (4 . . . . Abs+ 5 'it>d4 ) s. 'it>c4 =]
3 <i:!;>di b x 4 c;!;>cz a3 S c;!;> x q <i:!;>d7 6.
cz Au 7 c;!;>q <i:!;>d6 8. <i:!;>b4 IJi-IJi
0 E3-14
Petukhov - Kuznetsov, SSSR 1977
I, . . . gs! 2.. es+
[2. fxgs+ 'i!i>xgs 3 1!. x h 7 (3. es LLl xes ! ) 3 . . .
lLlf6! = 6CLle4]
2.
c;!;>g7 3 Ae6
[3. e6 ct:l f6 = ]
3
ttlfs 4 Afs
[ 4 fs ct:J xe6+ s. fxe6 'it>fs 6. 'it>e4 hs 7 'it>fs g4 8.
hxg4 h xg4 g. 'i!i> xg4 'i!i>e7 1 0 . <i!i>fs 'i!i>e8 11. 'i!i>f6
=
'i!i>f8 = ]
4 . . . gxf4 S <i:!;>e4 <i:!;>h6! 6 . <i:!;>xf4 ct>hs 7
c;!;>[J
[7. e6 ct:l x e6+ 8. A x e6 'it>g6 = ]
7
c;!;>gs s . <i:!;>e4 h s 9 h4+
[g. i&cB ct:lg6 10. e6 'i!i>f6 = 6ctJf8-e6]
9 . . . <i:!;>xh4 10. <i:!;>4 Ctle6+! II. Axe6 stale
mate IJi-IJi

0 E3-15
Petrosian - Larsen, San Antonio 1972
47 . . . es!!
[ 47 . . . ctJc4 48. b3 LLlas 49 d1 c4 so. b4 +Yusupov]
48. fxes Ctlc4 49 <i:!;>fz
[49 e6 ct:l xbz so. g6 c4 51. Ads C3 52. Ab3 ct:ld3
53 e7+ 'it>xe7 54 g7 c2 ! 55 Axcz 'it>f7 ! 56. Axd3
'i!i>xg7 = Mednis]
49 . . . ttlxes
[ 49 . . . ctJ x b2? so. 'it>e3 ! Petrosian]
so. Ae4 <i:!;>g7 SI b3 Ctlf7 sz. g6 ttlgs
[52 . . . . LLles 53 'i!i>e3 LLl xg6 54 A x g6 'i!i>xg6 =
Petrosian ss. 'i!i>e4 'i!i>f6 s6. <i!i>ds 'i!i>fs 57 'i!i>xcs
'i!i>f4 58. b4 'i!i>g3 59 bs 'i!i>xh3 6o. b6 'i!i>g2 61. b7
h3 62. b8 hz = ]
53 1Hs +- <i:!;>6 54 <i:!;>e3 Ctle6 SS A x e6
c;!;>xe6 s6. c;!;>e4 <i:!;>f6 57 <i:!;>ds c;!;>xg6 ss. ct>xcs
<i:!;>fs 59 b4 <i:!;>4 6o. bs c;!;>g3 61. b6 1-o
0 E3-16
Anatoly Kuznetsov, 1965
I. e7 ACJ+
[1 . . . . Ac7+ 2. 'it>a6 ! 'i!i>d7 3 f6 ct:lf7 4 i&hs CLld6
5 e8+ LLl x e8 6. f7 +-]
z. <i:!;>a6 <i:!;>d7 3 f6!
[3. 'i!i>xbs? Af6 ! - + ]
3 . . . Ax6 4 c;!;>xbs ttlgs!
[4 . . . . ct:lfs? 5 l&g4 = ; 4 . . . ctJf7 s. e81i1+ ! 'it>xe8
6. Ahs = ; 4 . . . 'i!i>xe7 5 .Ac2 = ]
S Acz h6!
[s . . . . hs 6. i&g6 = ]
6 . Afs+ <i:!;>es! 7 Ag6+! <i:!;>xe7 s . Ah7!
<i:!;>fs 9 Axgs c;!;> xgs 10. <i:!;>c4! hs II. <i:!;>d3 h4
54
SOLUTIONS
1. u h3 13. f !
( 1 3 . @f3 1l.h4 ; I 3 . @fi 1l,d4]
13
h 14. g Ih-Ih
.
. .
0 E3-17
W. Mees, 1940
1. Ad6! [1. 1l.cs xes 2. tiJc7 @c4 3 @g2 @b3 4

tiJbs @a4 =] 1
xd6 . CDb6 es 3 CD3.4+
e4 4 CDbH b3 5 3.4 1-0
E3-I7 TO E 3-25
Aa7 = ]
I
Ah4+
[ 1. . . . e6 2. a6 +-]
. u Ag3 3 a6 Abs 4 Af4!
(4. d3
A) 4 . . . es 5 c4 d6 6. bs (6. Af4+
c6 =) 6 . . . . Aa7 = 7 Aa5 ;
B) 4 . . . e6 ! 5 Af4 (s. c4 d7 6. bs 1La7 =)
5 . . . d5 ! 6. A x b8 c6 = ]
4
Aa7 5 Ae3 e6
(s . . . . Ab8 6. d3 e6 7 c4 d6 8. bs C7
g . Ad4 + - c8 10. c6]
6. Axa7 ds 7 d3 e6 s. e4 +- 1-o
0 E3-18
W. Mees, 1940
1. Ae; ! (1. Ad6 @ x d6 2. tiJb6 @cs 3 tiJa4+

xes . CDe7 b4 3 CDd;+ e4
@b4 =] 1
( 3 . . . . @a3 4 tiJc3 @b4 5 a4] 4 CDf4 b4 5
&De a3 6. CDe1 1-o
0 E3-19
Osmo Kaila, 197S

1. xdJ ! (1. @xci tiJq 2. @c2 @c4 (2. . . . @d4
3 @d2) 3 @d2 @d4 4 @ei @e3 S @fi lt:Je2 6.
Af4 . u Axh 3 fJ Aes
@ei tLlg3] 1
4 f Ih-Ih
0 E3-20
Osmo Kaila, 197S

1. xed ( r . @ x d i .fH4 2. @e2 A xh 2 3 @f3
@fs -+] 1
CDe3 . d CDfi+ 3 e1 &Dxh
4 f CDg4+ ( 4. . . . lt:Jf3 5 @ x f3 = (s. @g3
tLlgs) J ;. g3 h 6. g Ih-Ih
0 E3-21
N. Megvinishvili, 1973
1. a; Ads . a6 Ab6 3 Ae1 Aa7 4 Af es
;. Axa7 d6 6. Ab6 e6 7 Aas 1-o
0 E3-22
G. Umnov, 19S6
I . Ad !
(1. a6 Ae3 2. @e2 Aa7 3 gd2 (3. @d3 @e6 4
@c4 @d7 5 Ae5 iL xcs =) 3 . . . @e5 4 Ae3
@d5 s. Axa7 @c6 t,@b5 6. Ad4 @c7 =; 1. @e2
J4 2. a6 Ab8 3 @d3 @e6 4 @c4 @d7 s. @b5
0 E3-23
Paulsen - Metger, Nurnberg 1888

I. e4
(I. cs b6+ ! =. The correct move was 1. d4!!
c6 (r. . . . b6 2. a6 ! c6 3 c4 d6 4 @b4
c6 S Ab8 b5 6. Aa7 ! c7 7 xb5 + - ; 1 . . . . bs
2. a6 ! c6 3 c3 d6 4 b4 c6 5 as +-)
2. Ab6 ! (2. c3? b6 3 a6 bs = ) 2 . . . . d6 (2.
. . . bs 3 d5 a6 4 d6 bs 5 C7 a6 6.
b8 + - ; 2 . . . . d7 3 c5 c8 4 Aa7 c7 5
b5 +-) 3 c4 c6 4 b4 d6 5 bs d7 6.
ggi C7 7 Ah2+ d7 8. b6 c8 g. Jlg3 +-]
1
bs+ . axb6+ b7 3 bs as 4
Abs xbs ;. e6 es Ih-Ih
0 E3-24
Sveshnikov - Gulko, Moscow 1983

75 Ah7 ! +- [75 Ac4+ @f6 76. f4 (76.
Ad3 +-) 76 . . . . g5+ = ; 75 f4 @g8 =] 1-o
0 E3-25
V. Kosek, 1930
1. hs gs!
[I . . . . r, 2. Ads+ f6 3 h4 @f5 4 Af, f6 s.
Ae6 ! x e6 6. g6 +-J
. h6 g4 !
[2 . . . . f5 3 h3 f6 (3 . . . . f4 4 g6) 4. Ads
f5 5 g7 g4 6. h4 +- J
3 Ads !
SOLUTION
E J-2S
[J . .Ue4 f7 4 Ah7 ! (4. h7 f6) 4 . . . f6

(4 . . . . e6 5 Ag8+ f6 6. Ads es 7 Ab7 see
mainline 3 Ads ; 4 . . . f8 s. g6 e7 6. Ag8
d6 7 f6 +- t:.Ae6) S Ag6 e6 (s . . . . es 6.
gs e6 7 Ahs e7 8. h6 f8 g. h7 +-) 6.
Ae8 e7 (6 . . . . 'i!?fs 7 Ac6 see mainline 3 Ads)
55
7 Ahs f8 8. h7 +- Averbakh]
3 . . . <he; ! 4 Ab7 ! chfs ! ;. Ac6 ! <he;
(s . . . . f6 6. Ad7 f7 7 h7 !]
6. chg6! che6 7 Ae4 ! <he; 8. Ab7 ! chf4 9
chf6! g3 10. h3 gz n . Axgz chg3 u . chgs 1-o
C H A PTER 3 T H E WRONG -COLOURED B I SHOP
Score tab l e
N
Poi n t s
11
Your Points
Your Points
Poi n t s
21
12
22
13
23
14
24
15
25
16
17
18
19
10
20
Poi n t s
total
Poi nts
Pl ayi n g St rength
l e s s than 5 po i n t s
begi n n e r
5 - 10 poi n t s
ELO
800 - 1000
11 - 2 0 poi n t s
ELO 1000 - 1 5 00
2 1 - 30 poi n t s
ELO 1 5 00 - 1800
3 1 - 39 poi n t s
ELO 1800 - 2 100
40 - 48 poi n t s
ELO 2 100 - 2 2 00
4 9 - 5 3 po i n t s
ELO 2 2 00 - 2 300
54 - 5 8 po i n t s
ELO above 2 300
59 - 64 poi n t s
ELO above 2 400
64
Your Points
57
4 Exch anging Pieces

Exchanging is arguably the most important
element of positional pl ay. Fu ndamental ly,
most games are m a i n ly j u st a series of d i f
ferent exchanging operatio n s . G rand m as
ter Kotov recalled the advice given to h i m
and Smyslov by the experienced master Mak
agonov befo re a game at Ven ice 1950. 'Why
sharpen the game? Exchange queens, leave
a rook and two or three m i nor pieces on the
board, and you wi l l wi n easi ly. Wh ich pieces
have to be exchanged and which h ave to re
mai n ? Very few of today's chess players can
successfu l ly grapp l e with t h i s q u esti o n . I n
tactics they are i n thei r element, but i n th i s
matter you wi l l out-cl ass them . ' Th i s i s i n
deed one of the most i m portant q uestions
that s h o u l d concern a chess- p l ayer d u ri n g
a game. Often t h e right answer acts l i ke a
key to the position. The next exam ple shows
how easily one can then develop the correct
plan.
B l ack h as a weak p awn o n e6. The

opposite-co l o u red bishops are another im
portant factor. As a general rule, that can
make the game more d rawish. If I am to use
the active potential of my p ieces, I h ave to
avoid s i m p l i fi cati o n .
1 8 . e3 !?
I take control over the d4 sq uare, and so
avoid unfavo u rable exchanges.
18 . ... ..d6 19. h4 h6 20 . ..e4 ..fd8 21.

Ah3 l? f7
21 . . . . es ?! 22. c;!;>g2 ..d1 23 . .. xd1 .. x d1 24.
Ac8 .
22. g2 1?
39
"""'!-"''""""'---
,.=.;;----=-
* * *
8
7
6
5
Artur Yus upov - Kevin Spraggett

Quebec (ct3) 1989
a
=-
8
7
6
5
.--1
With my l ast two m oves I prevented the

exchange of a pair of rooks.
22. ... ..e8 23 . .!3.c1 1 [ 6 ..c2, lL:Jd2]

I came to the conclusion that the main
task n ow was to activate the kn ight. I can
d o that by movi ng it to d2, the only square
where I don 't need to fear an exchange. So the
s8
C H A P T E R 4 E X C H A N G I N G P I ECES
fi rst stage of the p l a n becomes clear: the

rook m ust cross to c2. Then the kn ight has
the option of movi ng to q.
23. ... e7 24. c2 b6? [ o24 . . . . ds]

25. f4 l [ 6 c6]
25 . ... g6
25 . . . . g8 ? 26. tt::l d 2 t::. tt::le4 x f6 .
26. g4 l Aa1 27. c1 Ab2 28. c2 Aa1 29.

a4 !?
29 . hs+ h7 30. gs g6 ! ; 29. fq tt:Jes ;!; ;
29. f8 !?.
29 . ... tDes
40
a
3
2
8
7
6
5
4
2
The situation h as changed . Black's king

i s u n safe and the pawns can be advanced
to attack i t. The exchange of knights i s no
longer a problem.
30. tDxes+ Axes 31. f8 1

6f4 -->
must not exchange the rooks !
33 d2 Aq 34 d6 h7 35 gs h xgs
36. h xgs Ab4 37. dd8?1
Sad ly, I now m issed the powerfu l 37.
g6+ !! 't!?h6 38. Afs ! , wh ich wou l d h ave de
cided the battle at once.
37 ... g6 [ 037 . . . g6 38. f6 --> ]

38. f3 f7 39 h8 es 40. Ag4 exf4
N evertheless, I succeeded i n weaving
m ati ng net.
42
0
8
7
6
5
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
3
2
31 . ... dd7?1
031 . . . . h7 32. f4 Aa1 33 gs g6 .
32. f4 C7
59
what was, potential ly, the most dangerous

of Bl ack's pieces. The game conti nued
fxe3+ 42. g3
and Black resigned .
44
Vlad i m i r Kram n i k - Alexey Dreev

Linares 1997
43
0
a
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
.i.. .l.
.l .l .i.. 'iV ... ...
...
.t. .l
[jj
iL [jj
'f!f iL
a
8
7
6
0
a
8
7
8
7
[jj
3
2
H ere Kram n i k p l ayed a m ove that was,

to many spectators, incomprehensi b l e :
14. tDd6 !?,

and after the forced
14 . ... tDfs
he exchanged off the passive bishop, sti l l
sitti ng o n its starti ng squ are, for h i s active
knight. Why d i d h e l ose a c o u p l e of tem p i
to m ake a n exc h ange that looks, a t fi rst
glance, quite i l logical ? Kram nik is a wonder
fu l pl ayer. He doesn't j ust see the present po
siti o n , he also u n derstands how the game
wi l l develop. Let's sup pose that White h ad
played i nstead the q u ieter 14. a3 lbf8 15. b4
Ad7 16. lbg3 Ae8 17- 'i:tb3 Ag6.
(see next diagram)
Comparing both d i agrams we can see
that the ' passive' bishop h as become, ar
guably, B l ack's most active p i ece ! With a
wel l -timed exchange, Kram n i k el i m i n ated
..
.l .t.
5
4
3
2
h
15. etJxc8 i!axc8 16. i!e4 'Wf7 17. i!fe1

i!e8 18. b4 a6 19. a4
with a clear advantage to Wh ite.
* * *
H ow d o you d evel o p a feel for exchanges ?

Fi rst of al l , study the games of grand m as
ters and try to u n de rstand when and why
they exch ange. The most su itable games are
of cou rse those a n notated by the players
themselves. Analyse you r own games, pay
i ng parti c u l a r attention to exchanges ; and
keep exch a n ges in m i nd d uri ng the game.
For i nstan ce, ask you rself whether it's sen
s i b l e to rem ove a p artic u l ar p a i r of pieces
fro m the board .
I hope this book p rovides you with
enough training material on this theme. Un
fortun ately there is too little decent material
on this s u bject, b u t I can at least recom
m e n d the c l assic Euwe/ Kramer book 'The
M i d d le Game' (Vo l . 6 , chapters 3 and 4, Vol .
1 0 ) . You w i l l fi n d many additional examples
in the book ' Positi o n al Pl ay' by Dvoretsky
and Yusupov.
6o
Exercises (sol utions p. 69-73)
E 4-1
[1]
*
a
E 4-3
*
a
h
8
E 4-2
[1]
e
*
a
E 4-4
*
a
h
8
8
7
3
2
61
EXERCISES
E4-5
*
a
[1]
E 4-7
b
E4-6
*
a
E 4-8
3
2
C H A P T E R 4 E X C H A N G I N G PI ECES
62
E 4-9
[1]
*
a
E 4-11
11
.1.
7
6
.*-
[jj
3
2
E 4-10
a
[1]
..i.
5
4
E 4-12
11
**
.l
-*-
.l
6
5
6
5
4
3
EXERCISES
63
E4-13
a
8
7
rn
*
b
E 4-15
a
**
b
8
7
rn
****
E4-14
a
E 4-16
h
8
rn
**
b
7
6
6
5
CHAPTER 4 EXCHANGING PIECES
64
E 4-17
a
**
b
E 4-19
a
**
b
rn
e
h
8
8
7
E 4-18
a
***
b
E 4-20
a
**
b
65
EXERCISES
E4-21
a
[1]
**
b
E 4-23
III
*
b
E4-22
a
**
b
[1]
E 4-24
a
[1]
***
b
6
5
5
4
66
***
a
8
7
6
5
4
E4-26
a
***
11
.1.
7
6
E 4-28
a
11
***
j.
6
j.
fj,
4
3
67
EXERC I S E S
E4-29
a
***
E 4-31
rn
***
8
7
4
3
2
..
**
E 4-32
rn
***
3
2
E4-30
a
4
3
4
3
2
b
68
E 4-33
a
rn
***
E 4-35
11
**
h
8
8
7
3
2
E 4-34
a
11
****
E 4-36
[l]
*****
8
7
7
6
SOLU T I O N S
E4I
TO
E 4-8
Sol utions
0 E4-1
Botvinnik - Kan, Leningrad 1939

16. CDe4! Wds 17. tDxf6+ (I7. tUxes 12tb6] 17.
. . . Wxf6 18. Ae4 ..bs 1 9 ..adl . White gains
control over the important central square ds.
32.. 'i!?d3 ..es! [ 6 E!.as] 33 ..b:z. eDd7 34 'i!?d4

..as 3S ..e:z. 'i!?e6 36 ..e6+ 'i!?fs 37 ..e7 eDes
38. ges The threat is 39 f4. Instead 3S. f!. x g7
tLl x f3 + 39 e3 Z'!.a3+ 40. e2 tLld4+ 41. f1
E!. xa2 -+ was bad.
continued in the next solution
0 E4-2
Botvinnik - Chekhover, Leningrad 1938

13. Axf6! ( I 3. tLld2! ll. xe2 I 4. E!. xe2 e x d4 I S .
cxd4 c x d4] 13. . . . W x f6 14. 'We4 Ax6 IS.
Ax6 eDe6 16. dxes dxes 17 ..dl ..ads 18.
l3ds . In this game, exchanging enabled Botvin
nik to carry out the same strategic plan as against
Kan: he gained control of the ds square.
0 E4-3
0 E4-6
(sequel to E4-5)
The threat is 39 f4. By exchanging rooks White
gains counterplay, as his king can attack the a6
pawn. Smyslov finds a tactical way to exchange
the minor pieces!
38 . . . . ..a3! [ 6 f!.d3 ; 3S . . . . Z'!. xcs 39 x es + ;
3S . . . . f!.a4+ 39 'i!tc3 f!.a3+ 40. 'i!tb4 Z'!.xfJ 41. a4
gs 42. 'i!tas +] 39 Axes ..+ 40 ..e4:! (o4o.
'i!te3 fxes 4 1 . Z'!.c2 E!.a3+ 42. e2 as 43 Z'!.d2 g6
44 !1c2 hs 45 Z'!.b2 f!.c3 -+ 6 46 . . . . 'i!tf4] 40
. . . fxes+ 41. 'i!?ds ..xa:z. - + (41. . . . f!. x c4 42.
xc4 f4 -+] 42. ..g4 gs and White resigned.
Boleslavsky - Smyslov, Leningrad 1948

I4. . . . Axq! A protected knight in the centre is
often stronger than a bishop. IS bxq 'We7 ( x CJ,
es] 16. exds exds 17. e4! (17. iH4 gs! I8. Ag3
(IS. Ae3 121xes) IS . . . . /Lid2 ; 1 7. 12fe3 12t x es 18.
f3 \S'xc3 -+] 17
Wxes 18. Af4
0 E4-4
(sequel to E4-3)
18 . . . . 'Wq! 19. exds [ 19. 12fxc3 tL:lxc3 6CLle2]
19 . . . . Wxf3 :z.o. gx6 ( x f2-f3-h2] :z.o . . . . CDq
2.1. Axe7 eDxds :z.:z.. Ag3 ..fes + 2.3 ..fdl ..es
2.4. l3d:z. h6 ( 24 . . . . f6 x 7. Rei he] :z.s . ..el ..ae8
2.6. Ad6:! (o26. g2]
0 E4-7
Smyslov - Tal, Moscow 1969

13. eDh4! Ae6 ( 1 3 . . . . Z'!.ad8 I4. tL:l x fs gxfs 1s.
f4 ;!:;] 14. Axe6! bxe6 IS CD) f6 (1s. . . . Ag4 16.
tLles Axe2 I7. Z'!.ei Qa6 18. tLld7 Z'!.fe8 I9. tUxes
Ac8 20. Z'!.adi ] 16. eDd:z. ..fds 17. CDe4 e4 18.
tDes .
o E4-s
(sequel to E4-4)
Black exploits his opponent's carelessness and ex
changes a pair of rooks. His opponent no longer
has any counter chances.
2.6. . . . l3ei! + 2.7 ..xel ..xei+ :z.S. g:z. eDb6 2.9.
Ag3 l3e6 30. fi :! (030. Z'!.d6 ! E!.xd6 31. Axd6
f5 J2. f4 f7 33 'i!ff3 +) 30 . . . . f6 31. e:z. 'i!?f]
0 E4-8
Furman - Smyslov, Rostov-on-Don 1971

:z.o. . . . ttldes! 2.1. ttl x es (21. 12t x d8 E!.fxd8 22.
A x g7 xg7 23. tU x es tU xes 24. f4 CLlc4 25.
Z'!.e2 f!.d3 26. 't!?f2 tL:l xb2 +] 2.1. . . . 'Wxd:z. :z.:z..
A x d:z. A x es 2.3 ..bei Ad4 [ t. tLles] 2.4. Af4
(24. CLle2 tLles 2s. tL:lxd4 cxd4 + 6CLld3, CLlc4] 2.4.
. . . eDes :z.s. Axes [2s. CLle2 tLld3 26. tL:lxd4 cxd4
27. 1l.xb8 E!. xb8 28. Afi tL:lxei 29. f!.xe1 Ac2 30.
Z'!.e2 f!. xb2 31. Z'!.d2 l'ta2 +] :z.s . . . . Axes :z.6. ..e:z.
e6! 2.7. Afi (27. f4 Ad4+ 2s. 't!?h2 Ac4 t] 2.7. . . .
gs! :z.8 ..d:z. ..fd8 2.9 ..xdS+ ..xds 30. lDbs e4
70
SOLU T I O N S
3I. tlJc3 [Jr . .U x c4 l'!c8 -+] 3I . . . . l3.d2 -+ o-I.

0 E4-9
Timman - Die:z; del Corral, Lu:z:ern (ol) 1982

I9. Wg4! ( rg. g4! l'!ae8] I9 . . . Wxg4 20.
hxg4 Black has two weaknesses : e4 and h7.
At the same time White's pawn on g4 cuts out
the enemy knight from the game. 20
Af4
2I. d2! l3.f6: (021. . . . l'!ae8] 2.2.. Axe4 h6 23.
l3.dfi l3.afS 24. l3.6 Axe3+ 2S x e3 l3.Sf7 26.
l3.fh3 hs I-o.
0 E4-10
Kasparov - Vukic, Skara 1980

36. Axf6! gxf6 37. l3.di (37- l'!.dr .El. xdr 38. 'i!;>xdr
'i!;>cs 39 gs fxgs 40. fxgs h x gs 41. h6 +-] I-o.
0 E4-11
Ghinda - Yusupov, Dubai (ol) 1986

IS. . . . Axq I9 bxq as 'What prompted Black
to exchange his bishop for the knight First, the
once backward pawn on a6 has turned into a
dangerous passed pawn. Second, the remaining
bishop is obviously stronger than its white col
league.' (Mark Dvoretsky) 20. Wd3 :! (o2o. Acr
!:::. Aa3] 20 . . . . Wd7 2I. ACI Afs u Wd2 h6
23. Aa3 l3.a6! + 24. l3.fi
.
E4-9 TO E4-I7
0 E4-14
(sequel to E4-13)
Here Fischer found a great solution to the prob
lems of the position, one that has impressed
many chess players since. Perhaps Kramnik
gained inspiration from this classic game when he
made his surprising decision to exchange against
Dreev.
22. ttJx d7+!!
Why did Fischer exchange his active and cen
tralised knight for the passive bishop Above all,
he wanted to remove all his opponent's hopes of
counterplay. Black wanted to exchange the bishop
by playing 22 . . . . ilbs. That could have been pre
vented by 22. a4, but then 22 . . . . 1!,c6 would
follow, threatening to exchange knights with 23.
. . . ct:Jd7.
2.2.. . . . l3. x d7 23. l3.ci [ t::. l'!c6] 23 . . . . l3.d6
[ t::. ll:J d7] 24. l3.c7 tlJd7 (24 . . . . He8 2S. ft x e8+
ctJ x e8 26. Ha7 +-] 2s. l3.ez g6 (2s . . . . as 26. bs;
2s . . . . ll:Jb6 26. f(.ee7] 26. f2 hs 27. f4! .
0 E4-15
Ra:z;uvaev - Yusupov, URS Cup 1984

Black has to exchange his opponent's active
knight.
1 1 . . . . ttJfd7! I2. ttJxd7 ttJxd7 I3 tlJd2 E1.cs =.
0 E4-16
0 E4-12
(sequel to E4-11)
24. . . . l3.g6:! Seriously sloppy. White can ex
change rooks, and that increases his survival
chances. The correct move was 24 . . . . 1!,e4! and
then .El.g6 +. 2S l3.f3! Ae4 26. l3.g3 l3. xg3 27.
hxg3 a4 2S. bxa4 bxa4 +.
Yusupov - Wirthensohn, Hamburg 1991

It is very important for White to exchange a pair
of rooks. He can then act more effectively against
Black's weaknesses on b4 and g7.
26. l3.bs! l3.hb8 27. l3.xb6 l3.xb6 28. gs hxgs 29.
hxgs tlJd7 [ 29 . . . . ll:JeS! 30 . .IThr ll:Jq 3 1 . f(.h7
'i!;>fs 32. l'!h8+ 'i!;>e7 33 'i!;>cr ll:J xa6 34 JS:a8 ll:Jc7
3S l'l. x a7 'i!;>d7 36. 'i!;>br +-] 30. E1.hi .
0 E4-13
Fischer - Petrosian, Buenos Aires 1971

I6. Acs! l3.feS I7. A xe7 l3. xe7 IS. b4! [ 18.
ct:Jcs as] IS . . . . fs I g. ttJcs Acs 20. f3! l3.ea7
2I. l3.es Ad7
0 E4-17
Renet - Yusupov, Dubai (ol) 1986

I6. . . . Axes! I7. dxes tlJe4 + I8. ttJxe4 dxe4
I9 Aa3 cs 20. Ab2 ttJf8 [ 20 . . . . EL:Jbs ! + ] 2I.
l3.di Ah, (21. . . . Y x dr] u Wq ttJg6 23. E1.d6
.
SOLUT I O N S
E4-18
E 4-26
TO
7'
Ac6 2.4. adi

0 E4-18
(sequel to E4-17)
Black wants to exchange all the major pieces with
out having to open the a1-h8 diagonal.
2.4
C2Jh8 ! [ ,0, iLlf7] zs. fi C2Jf7 z6. xd8+
xd8 2.7. xd8+ Wxd8 z8. ei gs 2.9. Wdz?
(029. "!ic2 ,0,g4] 2.9
W x dz+ 30. xdz
h6 +.
1984] IS a4 a6 [ 15 . . . . c6 16. dxc6 bxc6 17.

iLlf5 ! A x fs 18. e x f5 +-] I6. bxa6 xa6 I7. as
c6 I8. dxc6 xc6 [ ,0, .1'1c4-d4] I9. fdi ec8 ?!
(019 . . . . g6] zo. b4 c4
0 E4-23
(sequel to E4-22)
zi. tDfs ! Axfs n. exfs ds 2.3. bs [ 23. Axds
1'1d4 24. "!ia2 iLl x ds 25 . .1'1 x d4 e x d4 26. "!ixds
"!ixb4] 2.3 . . . . hs 2.4. a6 bxa6 zs. bxa6 e4 2.6.
Afi cz 2.7. Wd4 ! +-.
0 E4-19
Smyslov - Tal, Bled (ct1), 1959

Wd3 ! fc8 I6. fci Wxd3 I7. cxd3 g6?! ( 1 7.
. . . iLlcs 18. iLl xcs d xcs 19. d6 ; 17. . . . fs ! 18.
l'!c3 e8 19 . .1::l.aCI ds ;!;] I8. C3 xq I9 bxq
c8 zo. c4 ( ,0, 1'1b1 x b7] zo
e4 ! ZI. d x e4
xc4 n. CDdz .
IS
. .
0 E4-20
Ragozin - Botvinnik, Leningrad (mS), 1940

Axq+ ! n. b x q d x c4 12.. CDd4 [ 12.
xc4 iLl x cs 13. "!ibs A xc4 1 4. "!i x cs "!id3 15.
1Llg1 .1'1ad8 - + ; o 12.o-o iLl xcs 13. "!ibs "!ias 14.
Ads
xc4 "!i xbs 15. A xbs Jl x a2 + ] Iz
[613 . . . . es 14. iLlc6 Jlc6] IJ. Ah6 e8 [ 13 . . . .
es 14. Jl x fs e x d4 15. cxd4 "!i x fs 16. A xc4 oo]
14.o-o es IS tD6 (15. iLlb5 a6 16. iLla3 Wh4 -+]
' 5 . . . tD x cs I6. Wbs b6!? + (16 . . . . "!ia5 '7
xc4 "!ixbs 18. A x bs Jlxa2 + ] .
Io .
0 E4-21
Smyslov - Botvinnik, Moscow (wchu) 1957

CDd4! (11. iLld2 !1 xd2 12. xd2 iLlxe4+ -+ ;
I I . Ad4! iLl xd4 12. iLl x d4 iLl x e4 13. fJ iLl x c3 ]
u.
CDxe4 u. tDxc6 bxc6 IJ. Axa7 Afs I4.
6 CDd6 IS. a4 .
n.
. . .
0 E4-22
Yusupov - Hernandez, Thessaloniki (ol) 1984

'3 CDbs ! CDxbs I4. cxbs Ad7 ( o 1 4 . . . . a6
15. bxa6 .1'1 x a6 16. a4 ;!; Razuvaev - Huss, Wien
0 E4-24
Botvinnik - Sorokin, Moscow 1931

White exchanges Black's only active piece, and
then continues his attack on the queenside.
zo. We3 ! W x e3 zi. fxe3 Ag4 zz. as tDcs [22.
. . . iLlbd7 23. h3 A x fJ 24. gxf3 iLlc5 (24. . . . 1'1fds
25. iLlds!) 25. b4 iLle6 26. Jl x e6 fxe6 27. iLla4
,0, Q\cs] 2.3. ci A x 6 (23 . . . . 1'1e8 24. h3 Ahs
(24 . . . . Ae6 25. Jlxe6 .1'1 xe6 26. 1'1d8+) 25. iLlh4 !
,0,g4] 2.4. gxf) CDe7 zs. CDds CDc6?! (25 . . . .
iLlfxd5 26. Axd5 iLl x d5 27. !1 x d5 ] 2.6. tDxf6+
gxf6 2.7. d7 ab8 (27. . . . iLl xa5 28 . .1'1cc7] 2.8.
fz ! ( ,0, l'1gi] 2.8 . . . . CD xas 2.9. cc7 bc8 30.
Xf7 +-.
0 E4-25
Estrin - Kletsel, corr 1975

I 6. A xb6! Wxb6 I7. Ac4 ( x f], d5] I7 . . . .
e x f4 I8. A x f7 f8 I9 Ae6+ b8 zo. d3
Was zi. hdi .
0 E4-26
Marshall - Schlechter, Oostende 1907

IS . . . ac8 ?!
In such positions it is vital to be the first to open
the long diagonal. The correct continuation was
15 . . . . iLle5 ! 16. iLl xe5 Jl x e5 '7 iLl xb5 A x b2 18.
1'1c7 "!ies 19 . .1'1 xb7 axb5 20. "!ixb2 "!ic6 21. 1'1e7
l=ifcS! (21. . . . "!id6 =) or 19. 4Jd6 19 . . . . "!ids 20 .
.1::l. xb7 "!ixd6 21. "!ixb2 "!ic6 22. Z'l.e7 Wd6 (22.
=
72
SOLU T I O N S
. . . f{fcs!? .0. fs).

16. e4! xe4 17. Axe4 fs 18. Ah1 es 19.
.!3.fdl .
0 E4-27
E 427 TO E4-34
0 E4-30
(sequel to E4-29)
Black exchanges one bishop and cakes away all
his opponent's counter chances.
2.6. . . . b4! 2.7. a3 a:z. :z.8. fs xcr 2.9 .!3.xcJ
hs -+.
Fischer - Keres, Zurich 1959

6o. . . . il.,
By a timely exchange o f rooks Black could have
reached the draw : 6o . . . . Abi+ ! 61. x f4 f{fs+
62. 'i!?g4 f{f6 63. f{ x f6 'i!?xf6 = 61. Ac8! [ .0. 1lg4
61. x f4 f{hs = ] 61 .!3.g6 [ 6 1 . . . . f{cs 62.
Ag4 f{c4+ 63. 'i!?es +-; 61. . . . f{hs 62. f{b6 ! (62.
.f{ x hs A x hs 63. x f4 x f3 ! = ) ] 6z .!3.h7 (62.
f{xg6 Axg6+ 63. 'i!?xf4 'i!?f6 = ] 62. f8 63.
Ag4 [ .0. 64. l"!f7 'i!?f7 6s. hs] 6J .!3.p (63.
. . . l"!xg4 64. fr x f7+ +-; 63. . . . .f{b6 ! 64. .f{hS+
(64. 'i!? x f4 'i!?gs 6s . .f{h4 .f{b4+ 66. 'i!?g3 'i!?g7)
64 . . . . 'i!?g7 6s. l"!ds .f{b4+ 66. 'i!?es ] 64 .!3.h6
.!3.g6 Now it's roo late. White gets control over
the important gs square. 6s .!3.xg6! Axg6+ 66.
xf4 P 67. gs! +-.
.
0 E4-31
Smyslov - Reshevsky, Moskau (web) 1948

Smyslov finds an elegant way to emphasise the
weakness of d6.
:z.s. A xe6! fxe6 2.6. Wh4! Wd7 2.7. Wd8+
W x d8 2.8. A x d8 d7 :z.g. Ac7 cs 30.
.!3.xd6 +- .!3.c8 (30 . . . . tLl xe4 31 . .f{ x e6 + -] 31.
Ab6 ao4 32. .!3. x e6 xbz 33 .!3. x es c4 (n.
... frxCJ 34 .d4xg7] 34 .!3.e6 xb6 3S .!3.xb6
.!3.xq 36 .!3.xb7 .!3.cz 37 h4 .!3.xa:z. 38. g:z. +-.
0 E4-28
0 E4-32
Karpov - Spa.ssky, Riga 1975

Karpov chooses a forcing continuation and guar
antees himself a material advantage.
zo. Wxa7! x f:r. :r.r. Ctl x ds A x ds u Wxe7
x dr :r.J .!3.cr .!3.bs :r.4. Wb4 A xg:z. :z.s. xg:z.
xe3+ :z.6. gr .!3.e6 2.7. Wf4 .!3.d8
.
Jimenex-Zerquera - Larsen, Palma de Mallorca,

1967
14. Axes!
Larsen discovers that in chis posicion the knight
is stronger chan the bishop. 14 . . . . LUxes 15. dxes
d4 16. Axe6 fxe6 1 7. cxd4 leads co only a slight
advantage for Black.
IS dxes d4! 16. Ah6 .!3.fd8 17. Axe6 fxe6 18.
.!3.fer ( 18. g4 LU xes] r8. . . . .!3-ds 19. Af4 .!3.f8
:z.o. g3 (2o. Ag3 d3 +] :z.o .!3-fs + .
0 E4-29
Tal - Botvinnik, Moscow (wcht8) 1961

When playing against Tal, exchanging queens
was advisable. 18 . . . . Wa6! + (18 . . . . tLlas .0.CUc4
19. bs+ tLlec6 20. gs (20. l"!bJ !?) 20. . . . h xgs
21. hxgs ctJc4 22. C1] 19. Wxa6 bxa6 zo. hs
d7 2.1 .!3-br .!3.b6! u g3 as [ .0. tlJc4] 2.3.
.!3.xb6 axb6 2.4 r.... C4 zs. Acr c6 2.6. .!3.dr
.
0 E4-33
(sequel to E4-32)
It is important for White to eliminate any possi
ble counterplay and to exchange a pair of rooks.
:r.8. Wd4! .!3.de8 :z.g. Wd7 Ctlg4 30 .!3-cs f6 31 .
.!3.xe8+ .!3.xe8 32.. Wb7 .!3.e6 33 Wb8+ Ctle8 34
a4 g6 3S b4 g7 36. Wb7 hs 37 h3 f6 38.
g:z. .!3.d6 39 as bxas 40. bxas .!3.e6 41. a6 c7
42.. a7 .!3.e7 43 Wc6+ es 44 6 1-o.
0 E4-34
Spa.ssky - Karpov, Montreal 1979

Tartakower noted that the main advantage of the
two bishops is that you can part with one of them
at the right moment.
2.3. . . . A xq! 2.4. b x q .!3.f6! + zs .!3.fd:z. .!3.eJ!
E 43S
SOLU T I O N S
TO
E 436
73
[ 2S- . . . Ax f3 26. gx f3 ee6 27- 'i!?g2] 2.6. tbgr

[26. xd6 x d6 27. x d6 A x f3 28. gxfJ tt::les
29. f4 lLlfJ+ 30. 'i!?g2 xc3 31. ds tt::l d4 32. xes
l'!b3 33 ds b2+ - + ] z6
6! 2.7 .l3.xd6
xd6 2.8 .l3.xd6 e7 2.9 .l3.d3 .l3.er 30. Aaz
[30. Ac2 tt::l es 31. d2 ctJ x c4 - + ] 30
.l3.CI !
+ [ L"l c2] 31. tb6 [31. Ab3 tt::le s 32. e3 'i!?f6
t,.bi]
0 E4-35
(sequel to E4-34)
A x 6 ! 32. .l3.xf3 tbes 33 .l3.e3 f6 34
31
Ab3 as 0 3S Aa4 tb x c4 36 .l3.e8 [ 36. d3
.l3.xq 37 .l3.c8 tbe3 38. Abs c4
tt:lb2 -+] 36
[o38 . . . . c2 39 .1lc6 li::l fi + 40. 'i!?g1 ctJxg3 -+
M4] 39 gr .l3.cz 40. Ac6 C3 41. Af3 gs 42..
0 E4-36
Grigorian - Kupreichik, Riga 1975
If White doesn't do something dramatic, Black
might consolidate his position and take complete
control of the ds square. Grigorian fights dynam
ically for the initiative.
zr. A6 !! [ L"l 22. Ads ds 23. Ae7] 2.1
Ax6
zz. gxf3 [ L"l ds] u. . . . 'Mds [22 . . . . c7 23. e3
e6 24. ds ! ; 22. . . . cB 23. ds! xes 24. d6] 2.3.
A xe7 W x 6 2.4. Wgs ! W x a3 ! zs. ds Wa4
z6. d6 Wd7 2.7 .13.d3 as zs .13.6 Wc6 2.9 .l3.ee3
a4 30 .l3.d3 'Md7 31 .l3.xf7 !+- a3 [31. . . . 'i!?xf] 32.
ds+ e6 33 f3 + +-] 32.. Wds h8 33 Af6
'Mg4+ 34 .l3.g3 'Me6 3S Axg7+ <i!?g8 36 .l3.f8+
1-0
.
C H A P T E R 4 EXC H A N G I N G P I ECES
74
Score tab l e
N
Poi nts
Poi n t s
25
14
26
15
27
16
28
17
29
18
30
19
31
20
32
21
33
10
22
34
11
23
35
12
24
36
Po i n t s
13
Your Poi n ts
You r Poi nts
total
Poi nts
l e s s than 4 poi n t s
begi n n e r
4 - 10 po i n ts
ELO
800 - 1000
11 - 2 0 poi n t s
ELO 1000 - 1 500
2 1 - 2 8 poi n t s
ELO 1 5 00 - 1800
2 9 - 3 6 poi n t s
ELO 1800 - 2 100
3 7 - 5 2 poi n t s
ELO 2 100 - 2 2 50
5 3 - 6 5 poi n t s
E LO 2 2 5 0 - 2 400
mo re than 65 poi n t s
E LO above 2 400
77
You r Points
75
5 Passed Pawns
the
Middlegame
A
cen tral passed p awn i n the m i d d l egame

often consti tutes a sign ifi cant advantage.
Top players l i ke Kasparov and Kram n i k are
very fon d of playi ng with p assed pawns i n
the centre . Such positi o ns are u s u a l ly very
dynamic and contai n h i d d e n tactical pos
sibil ities. Someti mes pl ayers sacrifice one
or even two p awns to get a strong p assed
pawn .
Vlad i m i r Kram n i k -Jan Tim man

Novgorod 1995
45
D
a
Drawbacks of passed pawns:

1 ) One can lose them !
2) I f the pawn is blockaded at the right mo
ment, it can i m pede the activity of i ts
own p1eces.
Advantages of passed pawns:

1) They are in themselves d angerous, as
they h ave the potential to p ro mote to
a q ueen .
2) They tie u p enemy pi eces.
3 ) They control i m portant squ ares deep i n
the oppositi o n 's h alf o f the board .
4) They often distu rb com m u n i cation i n the
enemy cam p - p i eces can not switch so
eas i ly from one side o f the board to an
other. In such cases, a d i rect attack o n
the enemy k i n g becomes a possibi l i ty.
5) Using the passed pawn as cover, p i eces
can find a way i nto the opposi tion's side
of the board .
:1
fj,
5
4
3
3
2
"iV
a
2
b
Kram n i k exploits the poor coord i n ation

of Black's pieces with a tactic.
20 . .l'!a4 b3 21 . .l'!)(as )(d1 22. .l'!)(d1

b6 23. d6 !
From this moment on, the far-advanced
p assed pawn p l ays a d ecisive role in the
game.
23 . ... .l'!ac8
23 . . . . b )( a5 (23 . . . . e )( d 6 24 . .A x b6 +- ) 24.
d x e7 .l'!fc8 25 . .A x a8 x a8 26. d7 b8 (26.
. . . c8 27- g3 ; 26 . . . . e8 27- 'i!?f1 + - ) 27. g3
a6 28 . .Ad4 + - .
24. d7
C H A P T E R 5 PASS E D PA W N S I N T H E M I D D L E G A M E
76
46
The fi nal p reparation before the decisive

ki ng march.
i!xaS 30. A x aS b4 31. Ads g7 32. f1 !

Black can not prevent Wh i te's king goi ng
to c8, su pporting the pawn 's promotion.
32. f1 fs 33 'i!te2 Aq 34 'i!td3 Ad8 35
'i!tq +-.
1-0.
* * *
Methods of play for the side with the

passed pawn:
a b c d e f g h
1) D rive the p awn d own the board to the
24. ... i!cdS
q ueen i ng sq u are, forci ng away block
Now al l B l ack's p i eces h ave to fight
aders.
agai nst the powerfu l p assed p awn o n d7. 2) Use the central sq u ares to i nvade with
you r p1eces.
The mobility of the rooks is severely l i m ited
and the presen ce of b i s h o ps of o pposite 3) Attack on the wi ngs, u s i ng the passed
p awn to d istract the enemy forces.
colo u r wi l l not save B l ack. The p iece sac
rifice 24 . . . . b x as !? offered m o re defensive
Artur Yusu pov - Paul van der Sterren
chances: 2S. d x c8W i! x c8
Amsterdam 1994
A) 26. A x a7 a4 27. 'i!tf1 a3 28. Ads (28.
i!d2 Ab2 29 . Ads i!d8 ! ) i!c2 ;
B ) 26. Ad4! A x d4 27. i! x d4 .
1 . d4 ds 2. C4 e6 3 CDC3 lDf6 4 cxds
CD)(ds S e4 CD)(C3 6. b)(C3 cs 7. CDf3 c)(d4 8.
25. Axe7 Axe7
c)(d4 Ab4+ 9 Ad2 A)(d2+ 10. Wxd2 o-o
Kram n i k eva l uated this endgame m o re 11. Ad3 lDc6 12. WC3 !? Ad7 13. i!b1 l g,s
14. Wd2 AeS?l
accu rately than h i s opponent.
25 . . . . b x as ? 26. A x f6 +-.
47
0
26. i!xa7 i!bS
h
a b c d e f
26 . . . . Acs 27. i!e1 fs 28. Ads+ 'i!tg7 29.
i!e8 +-.
27. i!e1 Ads

27. . . . Af6 28. Ads bs 29. e8 ! bxe8 30.
d x e8W g x e8 31. A x f7+ +__:.
2S. ges bs
28 . . . . Af6 29. a8 +-.
29. gas !
4
3
2
.:
b
tLJ

.:
4
3
2
1
77
Wh ite seizes the chance to create a cen

tral passed pawn.
15. ds ! exds 16. exds tJe7?
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
a
tt:J
}d
b
}d
h
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
17. d6 ! tJg6 18. Axg6 hxg6

18 . . . . fxg6 19. o-o f6 20. fd1 Aa4 was
not better, because of 21 . 181ds+ 'i!?h8 22. d7
gq 23. lLles ! .A x d 1 24. x d 1 and Black h as
no answer to 25. l2Jf7+. A p awn o n the sev
enth ran k is a huge asset.
19. 0-0 b6
19 . . . . Ac6 20. lLles .
20. fe1 cs 21. bc1 l

21. lLles ?! f6 ; 21. bd1 ?! Aa4.
I exch ange my o pponent's o n ly active
piece and take the whole centre under con
trol.
21 . ... Ac6
22. xes
22. l2Jes ?! ds oo.
Too passive. It was better to play 16 . . . .

We7+ (Of cou rse not 1 6 . . . . 18f x ds, due to 17.
Axh7+) 17. .Ae2 ! ( 17- 18fe2 18fxe2+ 18. 'i!?xe2
lLlas ) lLles 18. o-o d8 19. fd1 and Wh ite
only has a small advantage. N ow I can u se
the same tactical trick for a secon d t i m e
and advance t h e pawn fu rther.
48
21 . . . . X C1 22. X C1 +- 6 q.
22. ... bxcs 23. !iJes Was

Or 23 . . . . 18'b6 24. d7 d8 25. l&'d6 ! with
the idea 26. l&'e7. Wh i te's p awn is u nstop
pable.
24. f3 d8 ?
Th i s l oses the game, b u t even the
stronger 24 . . . . Ads 25. d7 d8 26. d1 Ae6
27. 18'd 6 C4 28. 18lq wou l d not have changed
the res u l t of the game.
49
D
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
u se the s u perior coord i n ation of my

p i eces and m y control over the central
sq u ares to l a u nc h a q u ick attack agai nst
the enemy king.
25. tJxf7 l + B l ack resigned , because of 25 . . . . 'i!?xf7

26. e7+ 'i!?f8 27. 18fc3 +-. Playi ng o n with
out the pawn on f7 seemed pointless.
1-0.
* * *
C H A P T E R 5 PASS ED P A W N S I N T H E M I D D L E G A M E
Methods of play against the passed pawn :

1 ) Blockade the passed p awn as soon as
possi ble.
2 ) A more effective, though sadly not always
su itable, method : captu re the pawn.
3) Create a passed pawn o f you r own so
as to deflect the opposition forces from
supporti ng their own pawn .
I n the last exam ple we saw that a passed

pawn can also play a negative role by block
ing o u t its own pieces. Someti mes the best
policy is to sacrifice the central pawn so
as to open d i agonals and fi les. The central
square that was previously occu pied by the
pawn can be used to penetrate i n to the en
emy cam p .
Artur Yusu pov - Sergey Dolmatov

Graz (wchj) 1978
50
Artu r Yu su pov - Eugenio Torre

Leningrad 1987
51
D
II
6
5
7
6
II
H e re Bl ack can bl ockad e the passed

pawn in good ti me.
24. ... Acs 25. d2 CL!e8 1

A stand ard manoeuvre. The knight i s a
splendid blockad i ng piece.
26. e1 tiJd6 27. tLJxd6 Wxd6 28. Wb1

e8 29. de2 xe2 30. xe2 g6 31. We4
Ab6 +
I
..
;:(
e
h
8
7
6
5
4
3
B l ack was h o p i ng for 21 . e2 ? lLld6! oo ,

and the knight reaches its d ream position.
21. d6 !! +This u n expected m ove wi ns the game.

B l ack can n o l onger coord i n ate his army.
The p i eces i n the centre come u nder heavy
fi re.
21 . ... ttJxd6 22. Aa2 q?!
I n spite of the bishops of opposite colour,

The m a i n l i ne was : 22 . . . . tt:Jfs 23. t:l.de1
Black cou l d h ave p l ayed for a w i n h e re be t:!.ad8 24. Ads !! (24. f2 lLld3) 24 . . . . lLlc4
cause of the weakness of the b3 pawn . The 25. Axq t:l, x d2 26. t:!. x e7 t:l, x b2 (26 . . . . t:l.d4
passed pawn o n ds obstructs White's p l ay 27- t:l.e4 +-) 27- lLld1 ! t:l.c2 28. Ab3 and White
.
.
i n the centre and blocks the long d i agonal wms a p1ece.
for the l ight-sq u ared bishop. Luckily for me,
Now Wh ite uses the central point ds for
my opponent d i d n ' t need to wi n this game the decisive attack.
and offered me a d raw.
TRAI N I N G M AT E R I A L
79
23. ds l Acs+ 24. c!>h1 We6 25. Axes !
0
a
Black resigned as h e loses the queen after

25. . . . xes 26. fe1 Wfs 27. CiJe7+ .
1-0.
6
s
4
Trai n i n g m ate r i a l
....-._--=!
Note :
The three m a i n methods of p l ay with the
passed pawn ( see earl ier) are m arked be
fore the m ove o r d i agram with A1 to A3 ;
the positional sacrifi ce of the passed pawn
is m arked A4; and the three methods of
play agai nst the p assed p awn are marked
81 to 83.
-- ='JZL
a
54
81
a
h
8
Aaron N imzowitsch - Fritz Samisch

Copenhagen 1923
52
B1, A1
a
8
7
6
s
__,.,.._....
___ _ ,
J-='!"01
:: ....,.-- J!'!!"'!"!\
!li! ""
l ..!!!U:
-"-- -1
- -==-- 1
4
3
2
3
2
----........ --'
15 . ... Ad6 16. Af4 l Wq [ 1 6 . . . . gs 17.

t2Jxf7 Axf4 18. coh6+ 'i!?g7 1 9 . gxf4 'i!?x h6
20 . fxgs+ __. 't!? xg5 ( 2o . . . . 'i!?g7 21 . c3+ 'i!?g8
22. Ah3) 21 . h1 L g1 ( N i mzowitsch ) ] . 17.
ctJd3 l a6 [ 17. . . . c4 18. A x d 6 x d 6 19. x bs
Aa6 20. cs +- ( N i mzowitsch ) ] .
20 . ... d7 21. ax bs axbs

A2
22. We7 22. Wb4 b6 23. x a8 x a8 24.

ctJe2 ltJcs LctJd3. 22. ... Wd8 22 . . . . ae8 23.
b4 b6 24. as ( N i mzowitsch ) . 23. d6
Axg2 24. c!>xg2 f6 :!f 24 . . . . x a1 25. x a1
e8 26. xd8 x d8 27- cods ! ltJcs 28. ctJe7+
f8 29 . ctJc6 c8 30. a7 L q. 25. fd1
xa1 26. xa1 Wxe7 :!f 26 . . . . b6 27. q! ;
:!f 26 . . . . e8 27. q ! xq 28. d x q c8 29.
d1 ! . 27. dxe7 e8 28. a7 gs
So
CHAPTER 5 PASSED PAWNS IN T H E MIDDLEGAME
AC3 [20. Aa3 ?! b5! ( Makarychev)] 20

Axe] 21 . gxC3 Wd6 22. ge3 l g6 [ 22 . . . . f8 ?
83
[o28 . . . . b4!?] 29. e2
23. 'Mb1 !
/::,.
18f h7; !tb3 (Makarychev)]
55
a
A3
57
0
f
h
a
d5? [ o29 . . . . b4 11 30. d4 [ o3o.

xe7? [o30 . . . . b4] 31 . x b5
c3 ] 3o
qx6 32. 6 1 x a7 [32 . . . . !tb8 33 !t x f7
!txb2 34 x q !tc2 35. d 6 ] 33 xeS
b5 34 f6+ 1.7 35 d5 .
29
. .
* * *
23. h4 J h5 24. Wb1 [ t:,. !tb3] 24

Aa6 25.
h2 gds 26. f4 Acs 27. gb3 Af5 28. Wbz
gbs 29. Wd4 b5 30. gC3 Ad7 [3o . . . . Wb6
31. 'Me5 ( M akarychev)] 31. Wa7 32. gc7
gds 33 a3 Ae8
.
..
Artu r Yusupov - Vlad i m i r Tu kmakov

Frunze 1979
8
7
6
8
7
6
5
4
3
'-.._,.
1-.-
f-,-
...
,..,.....
...,..__
'""'
=-
1---.-.
-''
.-.
1 .
34 f5 l gxf5 [34 . . . ftd 7 35 ft x d7 A x d7 ( 35

a
1 9 . ... as [ 19 . . . . Etcs 20. ft x cs !Mxcs 21. Ah3!

Wd8 22. d6 ( Makarychev) ; 19 . . . . 'Md7 ] 20.
. . . 18fxd7 36. 18fe3 ) 36. f6 ! gs ? 37 Ae4! l:l

38. Wa8 18ff8 39 A h7) 35 gC3 1 Ad7? [35 . . .
f4 36. 18fd4 ; 35- . . . 18ff6) 36. Wd4 fte8 37
Af]
8!
TRA I N I N G MAT E R I A L
59
B1
a
A2
24. c1 \Ma6 25. E!.q bs 26. Cbd4 [ 26. E1.e8 ! D.
lLles +-] 26 . ... \Mb6 [ o26 . . . . l/1d 6 27- tlJ x bs
l/1d2 28. E1.f1 lLlb3 ! ] 27. c8 1 +- Cbb7 [ 27. . . .
b4 28. f1.e8 1/1 x d4 29 . f1. x f8+ E1. x f8 30. E1. x f8+
x f8 31. 'l1cs+ !! +-; 27. . . . g6 28. E1. x d8 1/1xd8
29 . 1;!1x bs + - ; 27. . . . 1;!1xd4 28. E1. x d8 E1. xd8 29.
!!e8+ +-] 28. Cbc6 Cbd6
5
4
3
61
37 ... \Mes? [ 037 . . . . !!c8 ! ] 38. \M)(es )(es

A1
39 C? Ae8 40. d6 e3 41 . Ads ! c;;,g7 [ 41 .
. . . E1.d3 42. d7 +-] 42. d7 A )( d7 43 )(d7 d3
44 Ac6 1 +-.
A3
a
2
b
Boris Spassky - Pau l Keres

Riga (cq f3) 1965
62
A1
* * *
29. Cb)(d8 11 Cb)(fs 30. Cbc6 1-o.
Boris Spassky - Tigran Petros ian

Moscow (wchs) 1969
* * *
6o
A1
a
20. \Mf4 ! [ 20 . Wxe2 E1. x c2 21. E1.e7 ! ] 20

W)(a2 21 . d6 1 cd8 22. d7 \Mq 23. 'rl!Jfs h6
[ 23 . . . . l/1c6 24. lLles l/1e6 25. l/1e2]
. .
C H A P T E R 5 PA S S E D PA W N S I N T H E M I D D L E G A M E
82
24. bxcs ttJxcs 25. ttJxcs d x cs 26. d6 1 "We6

27. i'!d1 Ad7 28. Ag3 fs [ 28 . . . . ttJfs 29. Ag4 !
1;3fg6 30. i'!f2 (30. ttJds ttJ x g3 31. A x d7 ctJ x f1
32. !! x f1 i'!f8 33 ctJe7+ A x e7 34 d x e7 )
630 . . . . Ae6 31 . .Q.xfs .Q. x fs 32. 1;3rds +-] 29.
lDbs [29. ttJds Ac6 6Ads] 29 . ... i'!f8 [ 29 .
. . . A x bs 3 0 . c x bs 61;3rc2, Aq ; 2 9 . . . . a6
30. ctJq .Q.xq 31. d x q Aa4 (31 . . . . Ac6
32. 1;3las +-) 32. !!b1 Ac6 (32 . . . . 1;3lc6 33
1;3fds+ +- )] 30. "Wc1 [30. ctJq .Q. x q 31. d x q
Ac6 x q ] 3 0. ... Wf6
63
A2
a
8
7
..
.l .l
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
..i..
f!J
b
4
3
.a
A3
a
..i..
64
36. g4 ! Ac6 37 gxfs l2Jxfs 38. Ag4 Ad7 [38 .

. . . .Q. x ds 39 c x ds 6 d 7 ; 1;3ff2 +- ( Euwe ) ] 39
W x b7 ! Ae6 [ 639 . . . . ttJ x d 6 40 . f1. x f7! ttJ x b7
41 . !! x d7 +- ( Euwe ) ; 39 . . . ttJ x e3 40. 1;3fxd7!
( 40 . .Q.xd7 + - ) 40 . . . . f1. x d7 41 . A x d7 i'!a8
42. ct:lf6+ +- ( Pol ugaevsky) ] 40. Wb1 l2Jxd6
41. A x e6 Wxe6 42. Axd6 Wxd6 43 Wxe4
i'!b8 44 !!xf7 xf7 45 Wh7+ e8 46. i'!f1
"We6 47 h3 ! i'!c8 48. Wg7 Ae7 49 i'!fs Ad6
so. i'!f6 [so . !!f6 1;31es 51. !!f8+ + - ] 1-o.
31. CDC] i'!c8 [31 . . . . A x q !? 32. d x q Ac6 33.

!!d6 1;Yf7 (33 . . . 1;Ye7 34 !!fd1 t ; 34 !!g6 !? )
34 !!h6 ___. ] 32. lDds We6 33 "Wb2 Aa4 [33
. . . Ac6 !? 634. Aes (34 !!d2!? t ) ltJe8 35
Ahs (35 g4 !? t ) 35 . . . ltJ x d 6 36. Ah8 1;3fh6 ! oo
(36 . . . . 1;Yd7 ? 37 ltJ b 6 ! a x b 6 38. f1. x d 6 ) ] 34
i'!c1 [34 !!d2!? 6 Aas 35 ltJe7+ ] 34 ... i'!f7
35 Aes Wg6 [35 . . . ltJe8 ? 36. Ahs ; 035
. . . Ac6 36. g4 !? fxg4 37- f1. x f7 xf7 38.
i'!f1+ --> ]
* * *
Vi ktor Korchnoi - Boris Spassky

Belgrade (c{7) 1977
A1
a
8
7
.......
.._..,
-.--.-.,
1
3
2
__
5
4
3
TRA I N I N G MAT E R I A L
20. tbc6 ! Axc6 21. b xc6 .Q.xq [21 . . Wxc6

22. lt:\e4 Wd7 23. ltJ x f6+ gxf6 24. Wd4 ; D21 .
. . . Wb4 A) 22. lt:\a4 a6 23. Wd3 ( 23. e4 !?)
b5 24. q c8 25. lt:\c5 c6 26. lt:\d7 Ac3 ; B)
22. lt:\e2 ac8 23. lt:\d4 ;!; (23. lt:\f4 d 6 ) 6 23 .
. . . d 6 24. a3 ! ] 22. gxq gac8 23. Wc2
. .
Yu ri Razuvaev - Artur Yus upov

Minsk 1979
B1
B3
23 . ... e5 24. C7 gd7 25. gC1 d4 26. gc6 Wd5
27. Wb1 d3 28. V:J x b6 d2 29. gd1 V:Jxa2
66
0
a
.1.
8
7
6
5 .
8
7
24. . . . Wc6 25. c5 b><c5 26. b >< c5 [ 26. b5

Wf3 27- W x c5 A x h4 ! 28. gx h4 Wg4+ 29. 'i!?f1
d1+ 30. x d1 Wxd1+ 31. 'i!?g2 Wg4+ ; 26.
Wxc5 We4 ] 26 . ... g6 27. gd1 gxd1+ 28.
V;txd1
68
a
b c d e f g h
=
30. h3 !! [30. Wb7 Wa4 31. Wxc8+ 'i!?h7 32.

Wh8+ c;!;> x h8 33 c8W+ 'i!?h7 34 x d 2 (34
c2 Wa1 ! -+ ) 34 . . . Wd1+ 35 x d 1 x d1#]
30 . ... Wa4 31. gxd2 g x d2 32. Wb7 gdd8
[32 . . . . x q 33 x q WaH 34 'i!?h2 e4 35
c8+ 'i!?h7 36. Wxe4+ g6 37- q+ +-] 33
cxd8W+ gxd8 34 gq Wa1+ 35 h2 e4
36. Wxe4 Wf6 37 f4 +- Wf8 38. ga7 V:tc5
39 Wb7 Wq 40. We7 gf8 41 . e4 Wd4
42. f5 h5 43 gxa5 Wd2 44 We5 V:tg5 45
a6 gf7 46. gg6 Wd8 47 f6 h4 48. fxg7
1-0
* * *
8
7
6
if
il
3
2
f
28 . ... f8 29. Wb3 Ae5 30. Wa3 a6 31. Wb4

Aq ! 32. a4 'i!i>e8 33 Wd4 e5 34 Wc4 e7
35 Ag5+ 'i!i>f8 36. 'i!i>f1 Ad6 37 Ah6+ e8
38. Ae3 Aq 39 e2 e7 40. Ag5+ 'i!i>e8
41. g4 hxg4 42 . Wxg4 Aa5 43 Wc4 Y2-Y2
=
* * *
C H A PT E R 5 PASS E D PA W N S I N T H E M I D D L E G A M E
Artur Yus upov - G y ula Sax

Linares 1983
82
17. ... !!ac8 18. h3 l ;t [ 180 !!fc1 c4 ! (X) J 18 . ...
'i!?f8 19. fc1 'i!?e7 [ 19. o o . C4 20 b4 ! 6 a4]
20. a4 ! ( 200 Q:le2 'i!?d 6 210 Q:lf4 gs ! oo ] 20 . ...
b4 21. tt::le2 Ads [210 0 0 0 'i!?d 6 220 !!d1+ Ads
23 Q:lf4 !!es 24 Q:l x ds Q:l x ds 2So !!d2 'i!?xc6
260 !! x ds !! x ds 27- !!d1 !!cd8 280 b3 = ] 22.
Axds tt::l x ds 23. gxcs 'i!?d6 24. !'k2 xc6
25. !!d2 'i!?q l 26. !!ad1 [ 260 Q:ld4 !!C4 ] 26.
. . . tt::lf6 27. tt::ld4 !!q 28. tt::lb3 !!e7 29. tt::las
=
4
3
4
3
2
1
a
Y2-Y2 .
* * *
Artur Yusu pov - Zoltan Ri bli

Montpellier (ct) 1985
10 . ... Ad6 ! [ 100 0 0 0 kg7 110 Ae2 b4 12 Q:la4

Q:l xds 130 Ag3 ] 11. Ae2 o-o [ 110 0 0 0 Wq ?!
120 Ag3 ! A x es ? 130 d 6 ] 12. o-o ge8
71
A2
b
8 .I
7
6
5
4
3
.t. 'iV
6
5
4
3
81
18 . ... tt::ld 6 [ 180 0 0 0 !!b8 !? ; 180
1&'d 6 190
!!c6] 19. 'Md4 l? ;t [ 6 1&'f4 ; 190 Q:ld4 Ad7 20
Q:lc6 Wf6 ] 19 . ... Wb6?! [ 190 0 0 0 1&'f6 t] 20.
1A'f4 l (200 !!c6 1&'xd4 21o Q:\ x d4 !!d8 220 !!q
!!d7 ] 20 . . . . Ad7 21. tt::ld 4 !!fe8 [ a21. 0 0 0
!!ae8 ] 22. tt::lc6 tt::lq
0 0 0
13. tt::lc6 tt::l x c6 14. xd6 Wxd6 [ 140

Q:ld4 !? 1So A x es Q:l x e2+ 1 6 0 Q:l xe2 1&f x ds 170
1&fxds Q:l x ds 18. Q:lc3 Q:l x c3 19. b x c3 t] 15.
dxc6 Wxd1 16. Axd1 [ 1 6 0 !!fx d 1 ? b4 - + ] 16.
... Ae6 17. Af3
ss
T RA I N I N G MAT E R I A L
72
A2, A3
a
0
f
8 J.
J. 8
7 .
i. 7
6 'ii' tb
5

4
3
2
a
23. fe1 [ x f7 ] 23 . ... tLlb2 24. Ae4 ! tLlc4

2s. h3 h6 26. Ad3 [ t:.CL\e7] 26 . ... tLlb2?! [26.
... JL x c6 27. d x c6 x e1 + 28. x e1 xc6 ?!
29 . Ae4 e8 30. Ah7+ +-]
73
0
a
Artu r Yus upov - Bachar Kouatly

Toluca (izt) 1982
74
61
a
8
7
..
6
5
4
3
a
27. Ab1 ! Axc6 28. d xc6 +- xe1+ 29. xe1

Wxc6 30. Ae4 [30. b4 ! CL\q (30 . . . . f6 31 .
We4 +-) 31. Ae4 +-] 30 . ... C3 [30 . . . . c4
31. d2 e8 32. Ah7+ 't!?x h7 33 x e8 +-]
3 1. C1 CL\d3 32. xf]+ ! [32. x c3 ? t2J xf4
33 f3 CL\e2+ 34 'i!?f1 e8 3S- e3 CL\d4 36.
Ah7+ 'tt>f8 +] 1-o
* * *
14. C2 ;t C4 [ 14 . . . . b4 1S. x b4 x a2 16.

X a2 c x b4 1]. Ad2 ] 1S x bs C3 16. Ae3
Axf3 17. A x f3 C4 18. !!b3 tLla6?! [ 18 . . . .
a4 19. fb1 tLld7 20. a3 6 b4 ] 19. fb1
thcs 20. b4 d3
61
a
6
5
4
3
7S
8 I.
7
6
5
3
. iV ib ib
2
:g
6
5
4
3
2
h
21. Ad1 ! feB [ 21 . . . . xc2 22. A x c2 x az

23. A x es xe2 24. A x q +-] 22. Axes Wxe2
23. Axc2 xes 24. b8+ c8 ( 24 . . . . x b8
2s. x b8+ Af8 26. a4 C4 27- as d4 28. a6
d2 29 . a7 x c2 30. x f8+ +- (30. g3 + - ) ]
2S. xc8+ x eS
C H A P T E R 5 PAS S E D PA W N S IN T H E M I D D L E G A M E
86
83
26. a4 Ae5 27. c;!lf1 f5? 28. exf5 gxf5 29.
A)(f5 +- ik5 30. Ac2 c;!lg7 31. l3d1 Af4 32.
g3 Ad2 33 l3a1 l3a5 34 c;!le2 h6 35 f4 c;!lf7
36. l3b1 c;!le8 37 l3b5 l3a7 38. l3b6 l3a5 39
Ab3 h5 40. l3h6 1-o.
77
82
a
lit
5
* * *
4
3
Artu r Yusu pov - Igor Stohl

Batumi 1999
82
a
8 ,1. .i.. rif

7 ... ...
, --.----. ..=
6 4&\
17. ... tlJq ! 18. W x b7 W)(b7 19. A )( b7 tDe6

20. l3ad1 ttJxf4 21 . gxf4 Ad4 ! 22. b4 l3xd6
23. b x c5 [ 230 b x cs A x es 24o l3 x d 6 A x d 6 2So
Ei:c1 A x f4 260 Ei:c8 = ] Y2-Y2.
=
* * *
Artur Yu su pov - Sergey Dolmatov

Leningrad 1977
81
a
13 . ... Wb6 ! 14. d6 Ae6 ( 14. 0 0 0 l3d8 1so tUds

)(d6 160 Ags (160 l3e1 Ae6 170 Ags 55) 160
0 0 0 f6 170 Af4 t ]
A2
15. tlJd5 Axd5 [ 1S o 0 0 0 x d 6 ?? 160 tt:lf6+ ] 16.
Wxd5 l3ad8 17. Af4 [ 17 W x b7 x b7 180
A x b7 l3 x d 6 = ]
14. ... etJe8 l 15. tlJd2 [ 1So tt:le4!? c3 160 xa6

c x b2 17. Ei:ab1 + ; o1so b x q tt:ld6 160 tUbs + ]
1 5. ... tlJd6 1 6 . tlJxC4 Af6 + 17. l3fe1 l3e8 18.
CDe4 A)(c4 19. b x c4 CD)(e4 20. A)(e4 l3xe4
21. Wxe4 A x b2 22. l3ad1 Ad4 -+.
* * *
TRA I N I N G M AT E R I A L
87
Vlad i m i r Kramnik - Artur Yusupov

Dortmund 1997
79
A2
a
0
f
6
5
4
3
2
1
8
7
r--
A2
a
0
f
7
6
.p
._ '--, I . j ._L
[
ttJ
f!{
81
7
6
5
4
5
4
3
2
3
a
2
1
33 Wgs l Wf8 [33 . . . f6 34 We3 ! Wf7 35

Wa7 +- ( t:.cub6 ?)
39 .!3d3 1 [ t:. 13c3] 39 ... g7 40 . .!3q Wbs

41 . .!3c8 +- [ .0. Wd8-h8# ] 41 . . . . Wxb2 [ 41 . . . .
We5+ 42. h1 Wf4 43 Wd8 +-] 42. Wxd7
[ 42. Wd8 h6 43 cuc3 ' cuf6 44 Wf8+ +-l
42 . ... .!3>Cf3 43 Wd8 Wes+ 44 g3 1-o.
* * *
8o
A1
a
0
f
Vladimir Kram n i k -John N u n n

Manila (of) 1992
82
A3
a
6
5
6
4
3
36. W x b 6 ! !! x b6 37 d7 + - ] 34 We7 +- Wc8

34 . . . Wxe7 35 d x e7 cuf6 36. lUe4 + - ]
A3
35 .l3d4 ( t:. cue4, Wd7! ; 035. h5 ! +- ; 35
e4 35 . . . !!cn:t ] 35 ... 1"ks 3 6 . CL!e4 .!3fs
[36 . . . . .!3c1+ 37 h2 e5 38. 13b4 g7 39
g5 +-] 37 h2 hs?l [ 037- . . . Wc6 ] 38. f3
Wc6
.I
.i.
il
0
f
ttJ
e
7
6
5
4
2
1
20. g4 l h6 21. h4 a4 22 . .l3d3 Ab2 l 23. gs

h)(gs 24. h )(gs CL!h7 25. f4 ! .!3as ? [ o25 . . . .
exf4 26. 13d5 ! lDf8 27. cu x f4 'i!?g7] 26. Eids f6
27. _!3xh7 ! )( h7 28. gxf6 exf4 29. es h6
30. CL!xf4 A x es 31 . .!3xes .l3xd7 32. Axd7
.!3xes 33 f7 1-o.
C H A P T E R 5 PAS S E D P A W N S IN T H E M I D D LEGAME
88
Vlad i m i r Kramn i k -j u d i t Polgar

Madrid 1993
83
A1
a
Vladimir Kramnik - Viswanathan Anand

Las Palmas 1996
84
A1
a
7
6
3
2
1S. d6 1 x a2 19. a1 xa1 20. xa1 Ae6

[ 20 . . . . a6 21 . lt:Jb6 b8 22. lt:J x c8 x c8 23.
d7 + - ] 21. tLla5 eS 22. tLl x b7 e2 23. xa7
h6 24. Ae3 x b2 25. h3 b6 26. h2 g5
A1
27. aS+ h7 2S. eS g6 29. Ae4+ [29.
x e6+ fx e6 (29 . . . . lt:J x e 6 ?? 30. x b 6 + - )
3 0 . d 7 Af6 3 1 . d8 x d 8 32. lt:J x d8 ] 29.
... f6 30 . g4 a6 31. Ad3 [31 . Axd4! e x d4 ]
A1
[32. Af5 A x f5 33- gxf5 'i!fxf5 34 d7 Af6 35
d8 Axd8 36. f! x d 8 ] 31 . . . . e6 32. Ae4
eS [32 . . . . f!a6 33 A x d4 ! ] 33 xeS AxeS
34 tLle5 Ae6 35 Ad2 tLlb3 [35 . . . Af8 36. d7
'i!?e7 (36 . . . . Ae7 37- Aa5) 37 Ab4 ! lJ. x d7 38.
ct:J x d7+ 'i!fxd7 39. 1J.xf8 + - ] 36. tLl x b3 lJ. x b3
37 d7 e7 3S. Ae6 Af6 [38 . . . . Ae6 39 .
Ab4+ 'i!?d8 40. Aa5+ + - ] 39 Aa5 d6 40.
Ab5 Ae2 [ 40 . . . . 'i!tc5 41 . Ae2] 41 . dS+
AxdS 42. AxdS f5 43 gxf5 Axf5 44 Af6
e6 45 Ag7 h5 46. Ae4+ [ 46 . . . . 'i!?d 6 47
Af7 h4 48. Af6 + - ] 1-o.
* * *
16. d5 ! exd5 [ 16 . . . . e7 17. d 6 xd6 (17.

. . . 1J. x d 6 18. lt:Jg6 h xg6 1 9 . 1J. x d 6 ) 18. lt:Jd3
e7 19. ct:J x b4 x b4 20. Ad 6 ( Kram n i k);
16 . . . . Ac5 ?! 17. f!d3 Aa6 18. f!d2 Ab4 19.
lt:Jc6 f! x c6 20. d x c6 ( Kram n i k ) ] 17. exd5
B1
17. . . . Ad6 [ 17- . . . 1J. x d 5 ? 18. f!d3 L. l'!c5 19.
Ae3 f!b5 20. a4 f!a5 21. lt:Jc4 +- ; 17. . . . lt:Jx ds
18. f!d3 lt:J x f4 19. gxf4 ! ; 17. . . . Ac5 18. d3
Aa6 19. f!d2 ]
85
A2
a
8
7
6
3
2
T RA I N I NG M AT E RI A L
18. lZk6 ! Axc6 [ 18 . . . . Wd7 1 9 . A x d 6 1&fxd6

20. ll:Je7+ + - ] 19. Axd6 [ 1 9 . d x c6 A x f4 20.
gxf4 xd1+ 21 . x d 1 q 22. Af3 fc8 23.
l"!d6 o;;.f8 ( Kram n i k ) ] 19 . .. Aa4 l? [ 19 . . . .
Wxd6 20. d x c6 1&fxd1+ 21 . x d1 q 22. f4
(Psakhis) 6Ag2-f3, g3-g4-gs]
.
86
A1
a
23. Ah3 ! h6 [ a23 . . . . '6'e2 !? 24. de1 fs 2s.

d6 oo ( Ftacn lk) ] 24. Af5 l [ 24. d6 c6 ] 24
b5?l [a24 . . . . '6'b7 2s. Ab4 ( 2s. Aa3 d8 !?
26. e7 a6 " ) 2S . . . . d8 26. e7 as 27.
Ad6
83
27. . . . bs ( Kram n i k) ] 25. Ab4 d8
. .
0
A2.
e
8
8
7
6
5
4
3
26. ge7 Wc4 [ 26 . . . . g6 27. Ae6 !? fx e6 28.

d x e6 C4 29. exd7 x b4 30. e8+ f8 31.
x f8 + o;;. x f8 32. d6 +- ( Kram n i k) ]
A1
27. g x d7 l [ 27. e4 q D ] 27. ... gxd7 28.
Axd7 W x b4 29. d6 Wa4
88
A1
a
20.
Axf8 1? 55 [20. x a4 !? xd6 21 . 1&fxa7

llJ x ds 22. A x ds (22. d1 ?? ll:J x e3 23. g x d 6
l"!c1+ ; 22. d3 es = ) 22 . . . . Wx dp3. 1Afxb6
(Kram n i k ) ] 20 . ... Axd1 21. Ae7 Wq 22.
!!xd1
81
22.
tl:\d7 [ 22 . . . . c2 23. ed3 '6fx a2 24.
Axf6 gxf6 2s. d6 as 26. d7 d8 27. e1 ]
3
2
...
87
A1
a
0
f
h
8
8
7
6
II
b
30. gd3 [ a30. e1 ! A ) 30 . . . . xa2 31. Afs

g6 32. d7 + - ; B) 30 . . . . d4 31. Afs g6 32. d7
o;;.g7 33 Ag4! (33 e8 d1 + 34 o;;.g2 '6'ds+
35 f3 x a2 + 36. o;;.h 3 +-) 33 . . . fs 34 d1 + - ;
C) 3 0 . . . . b4 31 . e8+ o;;. h 7 32. Afs+ g6 33
d7 +- ; D) 30 . . . . o;;. h 7 31. Afs+ g6 32. d7 '6'd4
33 Ag4 + - ] 30 . ... We4 [3o . . . . '6'q 31. J.fs
c1+ 32. o;;.g 2 c6+ 33 o;;. h 3 cs 34 g4 +
( Kram n i k) ; 30 . . . . '6' x a2 31. Afs '6'as 32. d7
'6'd8 33 c3 +-] 31. A x b5 We1 + 32. g2
We4+ 33 g1 [33 o;;. f1 ! ] 33 '6le1+ 34
g2 We4+ 35 f1 ! Wh1+ 36. e2 We4+
C H A P T E R 5 PASSED PAWNS I N T H E M I DDLEGAME
90
[36 . . . . Wxh2 37 d7 Wh5+ 38. f3 We5+ (38 . . . .

Wh2+ (Sto h l ) 39. 'i!i>d1 Wg1 + 40. 'i!i>c2 Wf2+
41. 'i!i>b3 +-) 39. 'i!i>f1 Wa1+ 40 . 'i!i>g2 Wb2+
41 . 'i!i>h3 ( Kram n i k ) ] 37 c;;,f1 Wh1+ 38. c;;,e2
We4+ 39 c;;,d 1 ! g4+ [39 . . . . Wb4 40. d7
Wb1+ 41 . 'i!i>e2 Wxa2+ 42. 'i!i>f3 + - ; 39 . . . Wh1+
40. 'i!i>c2 Wa1 (40 . . . . Wxh2 41 . d7 l8fxf2+
42. 'i!i>b3 +-) 41 . d7 l8f x a2+ 42. 'i!i>d1 Wb1 + 43
'i!i>e2 +- J 40. f3 h3 41. d7 [ 41 . d7 Wf1+ 42.
'i!i>c2 We2+ 43 d2 + - ] 1-o.
Vladimir Kram n i k - Alexei Shirov

Tilburg 1997
* * *
Vlad i m i r Kram n i k -J udit Polgar

Linares 1997
a
A2, A1
22. d4 !1 [ 22 . h3 ? Wb6+ L.23. 'i!i>h1 l8fxe6!

24. he3 Wf7] 22. ... d6 [22 . . . . Q)f5? 23We5 Q) x e3 ? (23 . . . . We7 24. d3 ; 23 . . . . Wb6
24. e7! fe8 25. Wxd5+ 'i!i>g7 26. We5+ +-) 24.
e7 x f1 + 25. l'! x f1 Wd7
91
A1
a
h
8
28. f7 ! xf7 [28 . . . . Q)f5 29 . x f5 ! x f5

(29 . . . . gxf5 30. Wd7 +-) 30. e7+ 'i!i>h7 31.
Wd7 +- ; 28 . . . . ae8 29. cf1 +- (29 . ilc3 !? ) ]
29. exf7+ c;;,h 7 30. xes ! A x es 3 1 . cs
Ad6 [31 . . . . ilg7 32. q + - ] 32. i!q [ L. d4d7] 32 . ... tbc6 [32 . . . . Q)f5 33. g4 Q)g3+ 34
'i!i>g2 Q)e2 35 e4 f8 36. AC4 + - 1 33 bs tbes
34 i!d4 +- Af8 3S. i!e4 Ag7 36. Ab4 d2 37
.!'!xes [37 Axd2 f8 38 . ilb4 x f7 39 A x f7
Q) x f7 40 . e7 +-] 37 ... i!d8 38. i!e8 [38.
e8 d1W+ 39 Axd1 x d 1 + 40. 'i!i>h2] 1-0.
* * *
26. f8 + ! x f8 27. Wh8+ !! 'i!i>f7 28. exf8+

'i!i>e6 29. Wff6#; 22 . . . . Wb6 23. Wc5 ! Wxcs
24. b x c5 ;!; ( Kram n i k) ] 23. cs f4? [ 23 . . . .
Wxc5 2 4 . b x c5 fc8 ( 2 4 . . . . b 6 !? 25. cxb6
a x b6 26. a3 ;!; ) 25. b3 q (25 . . . . b6 26.
c x b6 a x b6 27. x b6 x a2 28. b7 'i!i>f8 29.
TRA I N I N G M AT E RI A L
91
e3 ;!; ; H uzm a n ) 26. E:eb1 b6 (26 . . . . E:b8

27. Aa6) 27- c x b6 axb6 28. a3 ;!; (Winants)
l'>Ab5-d7, a4 ( x b6) ] 24. f!f3 [ 24. Wxe7??
'#f2+ 25. h1 V:Jxf1+ 26. E: x f1 E: x f1#] 24
Wg5 [ 24 . . . . Wd2 ( H uzm an ) 25. E:e2 Wg5 26.
ef2 6 E:f7]
.
92
A4, A2
b
. .
8
7
6
tj,
A
.. 5
4
[j,
3
:
/j, /j, 2
/j,
... .
6
5
4
3
2
:
e
25. f!f7 ! [ 25. E: x f8 + E: x f8 26. V:Jxa7 Wd2 ! 27.

'#e3 Wxb4 ] 25 . ... f!xf7 26. exf7+ xf7 27.
'#q [ xf7, x a7] 27. ... Wh4 [ 27- . . . b6
28. g3 ! ( H uzman ) ] 28. E!e3 ! [ xg8 ] 28 . ...
Wxb4? [ o28 . . . . E:f8 29. g3 Wg5 (29 . . . . Wf6
30. Ae2 ! g8 31. Wxe7 Wf2+ 32. h1 We1+
33 'i9g2 Wf2+ 34 h3 + - ; 29 . . . . V:J x b4 30.
a3 ! +-; Yu su pov) 30. E:e2 ! --> ( Kram n i k ) ; 28.
... b6 29. We5 ! A) 29 . . . . h5 30. We6+ 'i9f8
31. g3 (31 . E:f3+ e8 32. Ab5+ +-) ; B ) 29 .
. . . f!d8 30. E:h3 +- V:J x b4 31. E: x h7+ e8 32.
Ab5+! +-] 29. a3 Wh4 30. W x b7 f!e8 [30 . . . .
f8 31 . Wxa7 g8 32. E: x e7 d4 33. Ac4+ h8
34 g3 +- ( Kram n i k ) ; 30 . . . . E:d8 31. Wxa7
d4 32. E:h3 ! We4 33. f! x h7+ +- ( Ftacnik). 31.
Wxa7 d4 [31 . . . . E:f8 32. g3 (32. E:h3 We1 )
32 . . . . Wf6 33. Ae2 ( H uzm an ) ; 31 . . . . h6 32.
Ad3 ( Ftacnik)] 32. Aq+ [32. E:f3+ g7
33- Wd7 E:f8 34 g3 We4 +Z ( Kram n i k ) ] 32 . ...
@fS [32 . . . . g7 33 g3 Wg5 (33 . . . Wf6 34
e6 Wg5 35 Wxd4+ ) 34 Wx d4+ ]
=
93
B2
a
8
7
6
5
4
3 [j,
2
a
6
5
4
3
[j, /j, 2
33 g3 ! r xd4 ; 33 E:f3+ g7 34 E:f7+ 'i9h6]

33 Wg4 [33 . . . . Wf6 34 E:e6 Wg7 (34 . . .
Wf3 35 W x d4 +-) 35 Wb6 !? + - ( Kram n i k ) ]
34 Ae2 Wc8 35 Wxd4 +- Wc1+ 3 6 . g2
[36 . . . . Wc6+ 37. Af3 Wc2+ 38. f!e2 +- ( Kram
n i k ) ] 1-0.
..
* * *
Vlad i m i r Kram n i k - Friso N ij boer

Wijk aan Zee 1998
94
A3
a
8
.i. 7
. 6
5
4
=
1
3
6
5
4
3
2 [j,
a
:
b
24. f!f3 ! 1t:/h4 [ 24 . . . . E: x f3 25. Axf3 V:Jh4 26.

b5 ! +- ( H uzm an ) ] 25. f!xf4 exf4 26. Af3 +
We7 [26 . . . . a6 27. a4 Wg5 28. b5 ! xc6]
27. E!e1 Ae5 [ 27. . . . E:f8 28. b5 ! l 28. Wg6+
C H A PT E R 5 P A S S E D PAWNS I N T H E M I D D L EGAME
92
Wg7? [28 . . . . g7 29 . e4 d5 30 . cxd5 c x d5

31. Wh7+ @fs 32. g6 !? (32. f3 ! t- Ah5)
Ek8 ! (32 . . . . f3 33 !'!e3 ! fxg2+ 34 'i!tg1 d4
35 ll:Jx h6+ + - ) ]
95
A1
a
..
lj [j,
l![
fj,
c
82
a
97
22 . ... Ad4 l 23. Axd4 cxd4 24. !'!xd4 !'!d7

25. h4 [ 25 . Ac6 !'!c8 ! -+ ; 25. Ag4 f5 26. Af3
!'!f6 -+ ] 25 . ... !'!fd8 26. !'!a4
29. e7 l +- 1-o.
26
. .
82
!'!b8 1-+ [ 6 !'!b6-d 6 ] 0-1 .
* * *
* * *
Viswanathan Anand - G arry Kasparov

Frankfurt (rapid) 1999
Alexander 8eliavsky - Aleksa Stri kovic

Cacak 1996
98
A1
a
l![
7
6
5
4
3
fj,
16 . ... Ad7 ! + 17. ll:Jxc6 Axc6 18. Axa6 [ 18.

ClJC3 Axc3 1 9 . b x c3 llJ x c3 20. A x a6 llJ x d1 + ] 18. ... Axa4 1 9 . A x b7 Axd1 20. Axe4
Axf3 21. Axf3 Axb2 22. !'!d1
..
.A.
. ..
.l fj,
0
f
8
7
6
fj,
.Ii
.Ii
c
. ... .
lt:J fj, fj,

lt:J
5
4
fj,
3
2
17. e5 ! ttJxc4 [ 17- . . . lL:lfx ds 18. llJ x d5 (18.

llJ x d 6 :t) 18 . . . . lL:l x d5 19. Ae4 lLlb4 20.
llJ x d 6 :t ] 18. Axq dxe5 1 9 . d6 ! Wd8 20.
CDd5 e4 21. Wb3 ! [ 21 . lLlq ( Be l i avsky) 21 . . . .
TRA I N I N G M AT E R I A L
93
Ad7 22. lf::\ x a8 xa8 ; 21 . d7 ( Beliavsky) 21 .

. . . Axd7 22. lf::\ x f6+ x f6 23. x f6 xf6 24.
Wxd7 E:e7 2S. ds d4+ . J 21 . ... Ae6
99
s i
7
28. E: x d4 +- ( Beliavsky) ] 24. ... gxf5 25. E!.xf5

e3 26. t[}xf6+ .l:!xf6 [ 26 . . . . A x f6 27. Axe6
x e6 28. E: x d8+ E: x d8 29. x f6 A x b3 30.
A x d8 +-] 27. .l:!fds l +- bs 28. .!:!xd7 We8 29.
axbs axbs 30. x bs e2 31. xe2 1-0.
* * *
.l
Garry Kasparov -J osef Pribyl

Skara 1980
6
5
4
101
A1
a
e
8
=-.r;;;--- -J
2
.,....._.., =,.-
7
6
..--1
a
22.
d7 ! Axd7 [22 . . . . E:f8 23. lf::\ x f6+ x f6

24. Axe6 fx e6 2S. xe6+ 'i!i>g7 26. f!: x es
Axgs
100
A1
a
..
..
[j,
vw
.l fj,
.i.
[j,
2
a
)!'(
f
3
2
a
.l
4 [j,
16. d5 l [ 1 6 . E:ed1 fs ! t ] 16 . ... Axq 17. .l:!ed1

exd5 18. exds Ag7 [ 1 8 . . . . tt:\q 19. Ae7 E!.fe8
20. d7 ; 18 . . . . tt::\ b 8 1 9 . C4 ( 19. h4 -+ )
19 . . . . Ag7 20. x es ] 19. d6 f6
[j,
3
2
27- fxgs ! E: x f1+ 28. c;!;>xf1 f8+ 29. f6+
Wxf6+ 30. gxf6+ c;!;>xf6 31. E:e8 +- ( Be l i

avsky)] 23 . .l:!cd1 ! .l:!e6 [ 23 . . . . bs 2 4 . ax bs
axbs 2S. lf::\ x f6+ Axf6 26. Axf7+ 'i!i>g7 27.
xe8 xe8 28. Axf6+ c;!;>xf6 29. e3+ 'i!i>f7
30. xes +-] 24. fs [ 24. lf::\ x f6 + ! E: x f6 2S .
Wxb7 E:b6 26. x f7+ ! 'i!i>f8 27. xd7 Ad4+
C H A PT E R 5 P A S S E D P A W N S I N THE M I D D L E G A M E
94
2o. d7 l [ 20. JH4 a5] 20 . ... fxg5 ( 20 . . . . lZJb4

21. ll:fb3+ h8 22. lZJe5 fx e5 23. d81l:f axd8
24. x d8 x d8 25. A x d8 ; 20 . . . . ad8 21.
ll:1C4+ 'i!;>h8 22. lZJe5 ! fx e5 23. A x d8 x d8 24.
'8'e6 ! '8'b8 ( 24 . . . . lOq 25. '8'e7 1l:fb8 26. b3
e4 27. d6 Af8 28. ll:ff6 + Ag7 29. ll:ff7 ; 24 . . . .
'8'a8 !? (Yusu pov) 25. b3 lZJb4 26. !!h3 '8'c6
2]. d6 )
103
A3
a
..
0
f
104
7 A
6 A
2
a
0
a
25. b3 ! C4 26. h3 lZJc5 27. ll:fxg6 h6 28.

g3 +- ; 20 . . . . h8 21. '8'C4 (21. Af4) 21.
. . . fxg5 - 20 . . . . fx g5] 21. Wc4+ Ci!?h8 22.
tDxg5 Af6 D [ 22 . . . . Ad4 23. x d4 c x d4
24. ll:fx d4+ g8 25. l0e6 +-] 23. tDe6 tDq
( 23 . . . . lZJb4 24. '8'f4 '8'b8 !? (Yusu pov) (24.
. . . lZJd5 25. Wd 6 ; 24 . . . . f7 ( Yusu p ov) 25.
lZJg5 ; 24 . . . . l0c6 25. lZJ x f8 x f8 26. d81l:f
lZJ xd8 2]. x d8 +-) 25. d81l:f ( 25. ll:ff3 Ad4
26. lZJ x f8 '8f x f8 27. ll:fxf8 + x f8 28. x d4
7 A 'it' i.
6
A
5
A
.1.
6
5
3
h
c x d4 29. !! x b4 !!d8 30. x d4 'i!;>g7 t t.f6e6) 25 . . . . ll:fxf4 26. ll:fxf8 + (26. '8fxa8 ll:fxf2+
2]. xf2 x a8 65) 26 . . . . !! x f8 27. lZJ x f4 Ad4
28. COe6 Axf2+ 29. f1 e8 30. x f2 x e6
31. !!d8+ g7 32. d7+ ] 24. tDxf8 xfs
25. gd6 [ 25. Wxc5 '8fxg2+ 26. 't!;>xg2 bxcs
27. b7 lZJe6 28. d 6 lZJf4+ 29 . f1 Ad8 30.
x a7 ] 25 . ... Ae7 [ 25 . . . . '8'b8 26. bd1
'8'd8 27. c6 Ag7 28. h4 0; 25 . . . . Ad8 26.
h4 '8'a6 27. ll:fc3+ 'i!;>g8 28. '8'e2 t. A x h4 29.
xg6+ + - ]
2
a
26. d8W II Axd8 (26 . . . . x d8 27. x d8+

A x d8 28. Wf7 '8'd5 29 . '8fxd5 lZJ x ds 30.
d1 +-] 27. 'Wq+ Ci!?gs 28. gd7 Af6 29.
'IMC4+ Ci!?hs 30. 'Wf4 Wa6 ? [ 3o . . . . Ag7 31 .
ll:f x q '8fx q 32. x q Ad4 33. f1 ] 31. 'Wh6
1-0.
95
6 Doubl e Attack
An attack o n two o r more p i eces with one
single m ove i s called a double attack. A d o u
ble attack is a n i m portant a n d effective tacti
cal instru ment. Often a double attack leads
im med i ately to m ateri al gai n , as the oppo
nent fi nds it i m possi ble to d efe n d aga i n st
all th reats si m u ltaneously. M o reover, it's
very easy to overlook a double attack. Here
are two examples from the games of world
cham pions.
Fritz Samisch -jose Capablanca

Karlsbad 1929
1. d4 tLlf6 2. c4 e6 3 CLlc3 lt.b4 4 a3
Axq+ 5 bxq d6 6. f3 e5 7 e4 tbc6 8. it.e3
b6 9 it.d3 Aa6 ??
105
0
11. d5
he lost a piece and, unsurprisi ngly, later on
the game.
larry Ch ristiansen - Anatoly Karpov

Wijk aan Zee 1993
1. d4 tLlf6 2. C4 e6 3 CLlf3 b6 4 a3 Aa6
5 Wc2 Ab7 6. CLlC3 C5 7 e4 cxd4 8. tbxd4
CLlc6 9 tLlxc6 Axc6 10. Af4 tLlh5 11. it.e3
Ad6 ??
106
0
a
4
3
Capablanca overlooked that after
10. Wa4,
attacking two m i nor pieces, the usual 10 .
. . . lLlas is i m possible because of the p i n . He
played
10 . ... Ab7
and after
With h i s l ast m ove Karpov devel oped

h i s b i s h o p to a squ are where it was u n p ro
tected. After
12. Wd1 ! ,
attacki ng the k n i g h t o n h s and t h e bishop
o n d6, he h ad to resign i m med i ately. The
queen 's double attack took pl ace from long
range.
The double attack is particul arly effective
when the king is one of the attacked pieces.
I n the openi ng, the o pen position of the
king can sometimes be exploited . The catas-
C H A P T E R 6 DOUBLE ATTACK
g6
trophe i n the next game demonstrates how

easily an enemy m i nor piece can be l u red to
its doom.
Richard Reti - Alexander Alekh ine

Baden-Baden 1925
108
a
Oscar Garda Vera - Roberto G rau

Rosario 1929
1. d4 tbf6 2. tbf3 cs 3 Af4 cxd4 4
ttJxd4??
107
7
6
r--..=
.:
4
3
r--2
7
6
First - a knight fork:
42. ... tbd4
h
8
3
8
Black's q ueen can give a check along the

diagonal from as. There fol l owed
4. ... es l
( a d o u b l e attack o r fork) and Wh i te loses
a piece, as after s. A x es he cannot escape
the next double attack s . . . . 18fas ! + .
With its great power, the q ueen i s , natu
ral ly, the piece most l i kely to execute a dou
ble attack, but the others can d o so too.
and Wh ite resigned , because of 43 f2

ll:l x f3+ 44 x f3 and there fol l ows another
double attack, this ti me by a bishop: 44 . . .
Ads.
Levenfish (exercise position )

109
D
a
Even a king can attack m o re than one

enemy piece at the same time.
97
(threate n i ng 2. 'i!i>b7)
1 . ... etJc8+ 2. c;;,b7 with a d raw.
44 'Wa8+ !
Ferdesi 1501
But not 44 ttJ x f7? because of 44 . . .

d1 + 45 Ag1 h5+ 46. h2 f3+ with
perpetual check.
=
110
44 c;;,g 7 45 xes+ I
A b i s h o p 's d o u ble attack agai nst both
q ueen and ki ng.
45 'Wxes 46. 'Wh8+ ! c;;, x h8 47 ttJxf7+

And finally a kn ight fork.
1-0.
* * *
I n the next game, we see how wel l the old

m asters u sed this tactical weapon .
Wh ite m ust contend with two threats :

mate on the back-rank and 1 . . . . 'i!i> x c4. But
with a com b i n ation, he can even wi n !
Adolf Anderssen - H oward Stau nton

London 1851
1. e4 es 2. tlJf3 tlJc6 3 d4 exd4 4 Ac4

Acs S o-o d6 6. C3 tlJf6 7 cxd4 .b6 8. tlJq
Th is is one of the most famous com b i na Ag4 9 Ae3 o-o 10. a3 'We7 11. 'Wd3 .xf3
tions that featu res d o u b l e attacks.
12. gxf3 'Wd7 13. c;;,g2 tlJhs 14. tlJe2 tlJe7 15.
tlJg3 ttJxg3 16. h xg3 ds 17. .a2 adS 18.
ad1 c6 19. h1 tlJg6 20. hs dxe4 21. fxe4
Tigran Petrosian - Vlad i m i r Si magin
Moscow (ms) 1956
'Wg4 22. dh1
112
111
D
and Wh ite wins the rook on h4.
7
6
5
4
2
a
C H A PT E R 6 DOU B L E ATTACK
g8
A powerfu l blow. Wh ite cannot take the

roo k because of the kn ight fork. For exam
ple: 23. Axd4? 'Llf4+ 24. 'i!i>f1 ltJ x d3 25. x h7
d1 + 26. 'i!i>g2 'Lle1+ 27. 'i!i>f1 ( o r 27. x e1
xd4) 'Llf3+ 28. 'i!i>g2 x h1+ 29. x h1 ltJ xd4
and B l ack wi ns.
fish : 25 . . . . 'Llf4+ ! with the fol lowi ng l i nes:

A) 26. 'i!i>g1 d1+ (26 . . . . 'Lle2+ ? 27. f1
ltJ x c3 28. h8#) 27- 'i!i>h2 xd4 28. xd4
x d4 29 . h4 'Lle2 + ;
B ) 26. 'i!i>h2 'i!;> x h7 27. gxf4 x f4 ( 6 d4,
f3 ) 28. Ab1+ 'i!i>g8 and i n both cases Black
has a h uge advantage.
114
0
a
Th i s m ove is even better than 23 . .. .

xe4+ 24. f3 d3 25. x d4 e2+ 26. 'i!i>h3
(26. 'i!i>g1 d8 __. ) x d4 27. x d4 xf3.
(see analysis diagram 113)
113
0
a
... ... ...
8
7
6
5
6
5
[j.
( Do u b l e attack aga i n st both Wh i te 's

rooks. ) 28. d1 ! 'Llf4+ 29. 'i!i>h4 'Llg6+ and a
repetition of moves.
24. xh7
l f 24. f3, then 24 . . . . x h5 ! (24 . . . . 'Llf4+
25. x f4 e2+ 26. 'i!i>f1 f2+ 27. 'i!i>e1 x f3 55 )
25. x h5 x e3 26. c2 ( o r 26. C4 'Lle5 27c2 g6 ) 26 . . . . feB 55 and B l ack h as m o re
than enough com pensatio n for the quee n .
24. ... d4 25. xd4 x d4?

But this hit is now a m i stake. Stau n to n
overlooks h i s opponent's d o u b l e attack.
The correct m ove was suggested by Leven -
After this d o u b l e attack o n q ueen and

rook, Black loses material and can no longer
save the game.
27. ... x h4 28. gxh4 xh4 29. g3

29. e3 +- wou l d h ave been even better.
29 . ... hs 30. f4
(30. e3 !? )
30 . ... bs 31. b4 ds 32. c4 d2+ 33

<;9g1 d1+ 34 <;9f2 fs
34 . . . h5 wou l d h ave been more tena
cious, but then follows 35. e3 with the dou
ble th reat ofxa7 and e8+ .
99
115
35 . . . f6 ( lf35 . . . . d2+, then 36. c;!;>e3 +

wins) 36. 18fxd1 x f4+ ( also a double attack)
37 't!?g3 x q
116
0
a
4
3
2
a
This fresh d o u b l e attack agai nst both

rooks decides the game. Staunton resigned .
Beari ng i n m i n d o u r theme, it's fi tti ng to
look at one of the possi ble conclusions:
And here White wi ns with a typical dou

b l e attack m anoeuvre by the q ueen : 38.
18'd8+ ! 't!?h7 39 18'd3+ +-.
C H A P T E R 6 D O U B L E ATTACK
100
Exe6ses ( so l u t;ons p. 109-112)
E 6-1
[1]
E 6-3
*
a
3
2
E 6-2
[1]
8
2
b
8
7
ti)
4
3
2
..t.
ti)

c
..
Z ..i..
4
3
*
a
E 6-4
*'
'ii' 4&\ .
7
6
5
4
3
2
101
E X E RC I S E S
E 6-s
*
a
E 6-7
[1]
**
a
h
8
7
6
[1:
5
4
3
2
1
jL /j.
/j. /j.
.ti tb iL
a
E 6-6
/j. /j. /j.

f
tb li
g
6
e
**
a
E 6-8
**
a
/j.
/j.
"Wf
3
2
jL jL
d
102
C H A P T E R 6 DOUBLE ATTACK
E 6-9
rn
**
a
E 6-11
8
7
E 6-1o
a
7
6
WI
2
1
I.
a
8
7
6
5
4
tiJ
rn
**
8
7
E 6-12
rn
**
..
I
rn
**
II
II
II
"iV
.1.
:g
d
2
1
E X E RC I S ES
103
E 6-13
a
rn
**
E 6-15
**
h
8
4
3
2
1
a
E 6-14
a
.!.
4
3
2
::
c
iV
b
..
3
2
**
6
5
E 6-16
.!.
rn
**
8
7
..t..
1:.
*'
riJ
2
h
C H A PT E R 6 D O U B L E ATTACK
1 04
E 6-17
a
[1]
**
E 6-19
rn
***
h
8
5
4
4
3
2
E 6-18
a
[1]
***
E 6-2o
[1]
***
7
6
l OS
EXERCISES
***
E 6-21
b
rn
***
E 6-23
b
***
E 6-22
a
Ill
****
E 6-24
.I
106
C HA PT E R
E 6-25
a
****
b
E 6-27
8
7
DOUBLE ATTACK
[1]
****
b
h
8
8
7
3
2
E 6-26
a
E 6-28
****
b
[1]
****
b
8
7
6
5
4
3
f'=---------
1-.--.,.p;;
1---
----
3
2
1 07
E X E RC I S E S
E 6-29
a
E 6-31
*****
.l. l!.
... .
... ...
6
5
*****
6
5
4
E 6-3o
a
rn
*****
... ...
.a. ..a
5
4
3
2
1
tiJ
...
WI
b
[jj
...
E 6-32
.. .
.1.
*****
...
...
8
7
.. ...
[jj
[jj
VI!J
c
108
C H APTER 6 DOUBLE ATTACK
E 6-33
a
rn
*****
b
E 6-35
rn
******
b
E 6-34
a
rn
******
b
E 6-36
"h
rn
******
b
SOL U T I O N S
E6-I TO E6-I6
109
Sol utions
0 E6-1
0 E 6-9
Vasiukov - Ra.zuvaev, Polanica-Zdroj 1972

(1. e4 g6 2. d4 iLg7 3 c3 d5 4 exd5 \Yxd5 5. itJf3
c5 6. i.l,q cxd4 7 cxd4 itJh6?n
s. Wei +- [8 . . . . \Ye6 9 ds + - ; 8 . . . . \31a5+ 9
tb.d2 +-] 1-o.
Feuer - O'Kelly de Galway, Liittich 1934

1. WxdS+ x ds 2.. o-o-o+ ! +- 1-o.
0 E6-1o
0 E6-2
Pahtz - Fernandez, Albena 1989

1. Wu!! +- [1. . . . fl. xa2 2. iL x c4+ +-; 1. . . . fl.aci
2. W x c4+ +-] 1-o.
Antunes - Loek, Linares (zt) 1995

33 Wf4 ! +- I-0.
0 E 6-11
0 E6-3
Bogoljubow - Alekhine, The Hague 1929

1 .E(. x c7+ ! W x c7 2.. ti:)cs+ b6 3 W x c7+
xc7 4 ti:)xe6+ + - 1-o.
Ehlvest - Nogueiras, Rotterdam 1989

37 . . . Wds ! -+ 38 .E(.b2. Wxh4+ 39 .E(.h3 Wgs
40. WEI ti:)c4 41 .E(.a2. Wfs o-1.
0 E6-4
Csom - Kindermann, Dortmund 1983

2.0 . . . . ti:) xg3 ! 2.1. fxg3 We3+ 2.2.. h2. W x a3
2.3. axb6 .E(.xb6 + o-1.
0 E 6-12
Beliavsky - Chandler, Wien 1986

1. A xg7 ! .E(.xg7 [ 1 . . . . fl. xe2 2. Ah6+ h8 3
\Yb8+ +-J 2. . Wb8+ , 3 Wf4+ +- I-0.
0 E 6-13
Botvinnik - Sorokin, Leningrad 1933

AxbS +- [ 1 2. . . . fl. xbs 13. Wa4+ +-] 1-o.
o E6-s
u.
NN - Swiderski, Leipzig 1903

1 . . . . A x f2.+ ! 2.. x f2. [2. W x f2 itJd3+ - + ]
. . . ti:)xe4+ - + o-1.
2..
0 E6-14
Spassky - Fischer, Reykjavik (webs) 1972

2.7 . . . . A xa4 !-+ [28. \31 x a4 W x e4 29. f2
CUd3+ -+ J 0-I.
Hellers - Bareev, Gausdal 1986

17. ti:)d4! +- ct>d7 [17. . . . Ad7 18. itJ x c6 Axc6 19.
\Yd4 ! +-; 17. . . . itJb8 18. itJ x bs axb5 19. \Yd4 +-;
1 7. . . . C5 IS. We) ! ltJ x e4 r g . W xes+ d, 20.
W x d4 +-] 18. Axbs! axbs 19. Wxf7+ [19 . . . .
xd6 2o. ltJ xb5+ +-] 1-o.
0 E6-7
0 E 6-15
0 E6-6
Grigory Levenfish
1 . .E(.h6 + ! f7 [1 . . . . d5 2. fl.h5+ +-]
.!:!xa7 3 .E(.h7+ -+ 1-o.
2.
0 E6-8
Beliavsky - Yusupov, Obeda 1997

39 . . . ti:)c2. ! ED [ 40. fl.e4 itJb4 - + ] o-1.
.E(.hs !
Stepanov - Romanovsky, Leningrad 1926

1 . . . . ds+ ! -+ [2. x[J ltJd4+ - + ; 2. cxd5 exds+
3 xds Ae6 + ! 4 d6 (4. e4 Afs+ - + ; 4
xe6 itJd4+ -+ ; 4 xc6 fl.c8+ -+) 4 . . . fl.d8+
5 C7 (s. xe6 fl.f6#; 5 xc6 fl.c8+ -+) 5 . . .
fl.f7+ 6 . x c6 fl.c8+ - + ] o-1.
0 E6-16
Zhuravlev - Kapengut, SSSR 1968
SOLUTIONS
IIO
I . . . . Axf3+ ! 2.. Axf3 !!hH ! 3 xhz t'Llxf)+

4 gz t'Llxd4 -+ o-I.
0 E6-17
Lasker - NN, (sim) 1920

I. !!cS+! !!xes z. Wa7+ ! xa7 3 bxcSt'Ll+ ! +I-o.
0 E6-18
Rubinstein - Lasker, St. Petersburg 1909

IS Wei !
[ 180 fxe3 1i:txe3+ 1 9 0 't&h1 .i::l. x d4]
IS. . . !!xd4
( 180 o o o Hes l9o @Xc6+ c l9o f4 Tics) l9o o o o 'Ct>b8
20o dxes (200 f4?! e6 21. 1i:f x e6 1i:t xg2+ 220
't&xg2 fxe6 ;!;) 200 0 0 o @ x es 21. P:c1 ]
I9. fxe3 !!d7
(190 0 0 0 t'!.d6 200 t'!. x f7 +-]
zo. Wxc6+ ds 2.I. !!f4 !!
( .6 220 1i:fa8 + 't&e7 (220 0 0 0 't&c7 230 2"l.c4 + ) 230
f!.e4+ 't&d6 240 2"l.d4+ (240 1i:fb8 + ) 240 o o <t;e7
2So t'!. xd7+ +-]
zi. . . . fs
(21. 0 0 0 1i:tas 220 1i:ta8 + <t;e7 230 .i::l. e 4+ 't&f6 240
1i:fc6 + 't&gs 2So h4+ +- (Lasker) ; 21. 0 0 0 f!.d1+
22o 'tt>fz f!.d2+ 230 't&e1 1i:txg2 24 2"l.d4+ 't!ie7 2So
@d6+ +- (Tarrasch)]
u . Wcs We7
[220 0 0 0 .!"!.d1 + 230 't&fz t'!.d2+ 240 <t;el 1i:f x g2 2So
1i:tas+ +-]
2.3. Wxe7+ xe7 2.4. !!xfs +- I-o
E6-17 TO E627
0 E6-21
Uhlmann - Spiridonov, Polanica-Zdroj 1981

33 . . . Axe4! 34 fxe4 Wxe3 ! 35 Wxe3 t'Llg4+
36. h3 t'Llxe3 -+ o-I.
0 E6-22
Horberg - Averbakh, Stockholm 1954

zi . . . . !!ci ! u. W x ci (22o .!"!.d1 \0 xg2#] u . ...
t'Llu+ 2.3. !! x u W x ci + 2.4. fz Aa6 -+ 2.5.
Ad3 Wxai 2.6. Axa6 Wdi o-I.
0 E 6-23
Domes - Fedorov, Moscow 1984

I. Af7+ ! g7 (1. 0 0 0 'tt> x f7 2o @ x h6 t'!.d8 30 g4!
t'!. xd6 (30 0 0 0 tLl xg4 40 Wxh7+ 't&e6 so 1i:fe7+ +-)
40 gs ctJe8 (40 0 0 0 ildi + So 'tt>g2 + -) So \0 x h7+
CLlg7 60 \0e4 +- (Zhuravlev)] 2.. Wxh6+ xh6
3 Axes t'Llxes 4 d7 ! +- I-o.
0 E6-24
Hubner - Nikolaidis, Corfu 1999

zi. Wgz! [ .6./::l. fs ; x gp .i::l. as] zi . . . . e6 u. !!xfs
exfs (22o 0 0 0 D. x fs ? 230 1i:txa8+] 2.3. Ah6 f4 2.4.
Axg7 f) zs. Wg3 +- I-o.
0 E6-25
Stromberg - Vedder, Hallsberg 1993

Io . . . . cxd4 1 1 . t'Llxd4 t'Lldxes u. t'Llfs [ 120 fxes
Wh4+ -+] Iz . . . . e x fs I3. t'Ll x ds t'Llf3+ (130 0 0 0
1i:td6 !2 140 fxes 1i:fxes + ] I4. gxf) Wh4+ IS fi
0-0 + 0-I,
0 E6-19
0 E6-26
Rubinstein - Capablanca, San Sebastian 1911

I7 We !! e xds ( 1 70 0 0 0 H x ds 180 1i:t x h6 g x h6
190 A xe6+ + - ; 170 o o o 1i:f x o 180 Q x e6 + +-] IS.
Wxcs Wdz I9. Wbs t'Lld4 zo. Wd3 W x d3 zi.
exd3 I-o.
Vooremaa - Yuksti, SSSR 1977

I. A x h7+ ! xh7 2.. t'Lle4 Wb4 [ 2o o o 1i:fd7 30
tLlgs+ + -] 3 W xb4 t'Llxb4 4 t'Llgs+ gs S
t'Llxe6
o
0 E6-27
0 E6-2o
Smyslov - Speelman, Hastings 1981/82

zz. Axbs ! axbs 2.3. t'Llxbs Wbs 2.4. t'Llxd6 +I-O.
Gurevich - Razuvaev, Moscow 1987

30. hs ! gs 3Io t'Llds ! +- [ 3 1 . o o o exds 32o U X C7
'{jxe7 330 W x fs+ +-] I-o.
SOLU T I O N S
E6-28
TO
E 6-33
III
0 E6-28
30
Wc7
[30 . . . . CLJd2+ 3 1 . 'i!?ai CLJc4 oo ;
030 . . . . '8fc8 !!
A) 31. c4 d x c4 (31 . . . . 18fg4 32 . .Ef.hh1 '8fe2 33
18fa3 dxc4 -+) 32. .Ef.c1 '8fe6 33 1;5lxc4 CLJd2+ 34
CL:l xd2 18fxg6+ - + ;
B ) 31. .Ef.c1 18fg4 3 2. .. x es CLJq+ -+ 1
3I .l3.ci .l3.g2. 32.. Wxa6 I-o.
Tolush - Mititelu, Warsaw 1961

10. Wxf6 !! gxf6 :z.I. eDge4+ [21. . . . CLlg6 22.
lLl x f6+ + - ; 21 . . . . 'i!?h8 22. CL:l x f6 +-1 1-o.
0 E6-29
Karpov - Topalov, Dos Hermanos 1994
30. eDf6 !! x f6 [30 . . . . 18f x f3 3I. CL:l x e8 + + -1
31. Aes+ ! x es 32.. Wxe4+ x e4 33 .l3.ei +
fs 34 .l3.xe8 Ae6 35 .l3.xf8 Axa:z. 3 6 .l3.c8 ! +
[ 6 .Ef.c71 1-o.
0 E 6-32
Pachman - Bronstein, Moscow 1946

2.0
.l3.xai !
[ 20 . . . . A x d4 21. CLJa4 ! (21. .Ef. x d4 .Ef. x a1 20 . . . . .Ef. xa1) 21. . . . CL:l x a4 22. xd4!? (22. bxa4
h xg3+ 23. fxg3 Ag1 + 24. 1;5lxgi 1;5lxgi + 25. 'i!?xg1
Z! x a4 +) 22 . . . . hxg3+ 23. fxg3 18fb4 (23. . . . CL:lcs
24. b4 1') 24. bxa4 18f x C4 5i51
:z.I .l3.xal A x d4 :z.:z. .l3.xd4 ti:}xb3 2.3 .l3.xd6
[23. f!.b1 1;5l x d4 - + 1
13
Wxf2. !
[ 2 3. . . . CL:l xa 1 ? 24. CL:lds! <21
2.4 .l3.a:z.
[24. 1;5lxb3 h xg3+ 25. 'i!?h1 Sl x h3 26. f!.g1 Axg2+
27. Z!xg2 '8ff1 + 28. f!.g1 18fh3#; 24. f!.d3 CL:l xa1 -+ 1
2.4
W x g3+ :z.;. hi W x q -+ :z.6 .l3.a3
Axh3 ! 2.7 .l3.xb3
[27. '8fxb3 '8fei + 28. 'i!?h2 1L. xg2 29. 'i!?xg2 1;5le2+
30. 'i!?g1 .Ef. x e4 -+ 1
2.7
A x gH :z.8. xg:z. W x c4 2.9 .l3.d4
We6 30 .l3.xb7 .l3.a8 JI. We:z. h3+
[32. 'i!?g1 El.ai+ 33 f!.d1 .Ef. xd 1 + 34 1;5l xdi
18fxe4 - + ;
32 'i!?[J 1;5ff6 + 33 'i!?e3 h2 34 1;5lxh2 f!.a3+ 35 f!.d3
18fgs+ 36. 'i!?e2 El.a2+ -+ 1
0-1.
0 E6-3o
Yusupov - Hob;hauer, Altenkircben 1999

16. Axh6 ! gxh6 I7. Wxh6 tDg6
[17. . . . Axg3!? 18. fxg3 CLJe4 1 9. Axe4 dxe4 20.
1;3lgs+ 'i!?h7 21. ds CL:l x ds ( 21. . . . Afs 22 . .Ef.f4 +-)
22. .Ef.ad1 fs 23. CL:l xds A x ds 24 . .Ef.f4 +-1
18. f4 !
[6fs1
I8
Wc7
[18 . . . . .Ef.ac8 19. fs A xg3 20. fxe6 18f x e6 21.
Axg6 + - ; 1 8 . . . . .Ef.ae8 19. fs A xg3 20. fxg6
fxg6 21. 18fxg6+ 18fg7 22. .Ef. x f6 +-1
19. ti:}ge:z. +
[19. fs? Af41
19
.l3.fe8 :z.o. fs Af8 :z.I. Wgs ti:}h7 :z.:z..
Wd1 ti:}h4 2.3. fxe6 fxe6 2.4 .l3.f4 We7 :z.; .l3.afi
Ag7
[ 25 . . . . Ah6 26 . .Ef.g4+ +-1
16 .l3.f7 Wd8
[26 . . . . 18f x f7 27. Ax h7+ 'i!?f8 28 . .Ef. x f7+ +-1
:z.7. Wf4 ti:}gs :z.8 .l3.xg7+ ! xg7 2.9. Wes+
@g8 30 .l3.f6 ti:}h7
[30 . . . . CL:lf7 31. '8fg3+ 'i!?f8 32. 18fxh4 +-1
3I. Axh7+
[31. 1L. xh7+ 'i!?xh7 32. 1;5lhs+ 'i!?g7 33 18ff7+ 'i!?h8
34 .Ef.h6# 1
I-0.
0 E6-31
Xie Jun - Galliamova, Ka:zan/Shenyang (wch14)

1999
. . .
0 E 6-33
Henri Rinck, I9:Z.3

I. b:z.!!
[1. f!.g3 CLle6 2. f!.e3 CLJd4+ 3 c4 CL:ldc6 = ; 1. f!.c7
CL:lfs 2. .Ef.cs CL:ld4+ = ; 1. 'i!?a4 CLle6 2. f!.e3 CL:lcs+ = ;
1 . 'i!?c2 CLle6 2. f!.e3 CL:ld4+ = ; 1 . 'i!?a2 CL:lds 2. .Ef.cs
CLle4 3 .. xds CLlq+ = 1
112
I . . . , 'i!?b6
[1. . . . lLlf7 2. C7 + - ; 1. . . . lLle6 2. e3 + - ; I . . . .
lLJe4 2. e3 + - ; I . . . . ll:Jfs 2 . cs + - ; I . . . . ll:Jgs
2. g3 +-]
2.. l3g3 tDf7
[2 . . . . lLlh7 3 g7 + - ; 2 . . . . lLle4 3 e3 + - ; 2.
. . . lLle6 3 e3 +-]
3 l3g7 +- I-0.
SOLUTIONS
E6-34 TO E 6-36
[1 . . . . lr!1e6 2. a6+ + - ; 1 . . . . @xa8 2. AfJ+ +-;

1 . . . . @ds 2. .Af3 +-; 1 . . . . lr!1c4 2. c8+ +-; 1 . . . .
lr!1h7 2. .Ag6 !! lr!1xg6 3 a6+ +-]
2.. l3xa4! Wgs
[2. . . . lr!1xa4 3 .Ae8+ +-]
3 l3as Wh7
[3 . . . . @ xa8 2 . .Af3 + + - ;]
4 Ag6!! Wxg6 S .l3.a6+ +- I-o.
0 E6-34
0 E 6-36
Genrikh Moiseevich Kasparian, I93S

I. tDes !
[62. lLlg7 g6 3 Afs#; 1. lLlfs g4 2. lLJe3+ 6
3 ll:l x f1 f2 = ]
I . . . . 'i!?g6 2.. hs+ ! l3xhs
[2 . . . . x hs 3. lLlg7+ g6 4 .Afs#]
3 fs+ l3xfs 4 g4! l3es S iHs + .l3. x fs 6.
tDg7 ! +- I-0.
Vladimir Bron, I92.7

I. l3c8 ! Wa3
[1 . . . . @f7 2. lLld6+ +-]
2.. tDd4+ 'i!?b6
[2 . . . . a6 3 aS+ +-]
3 l3b8+ 'i!?cs
[3 . . . . c7 4. lLJbs+ + - ; 3 . . . a7 4. lLJbs+ +-]
4 l3bs+ d6 S l3ds+ e7
[s . . . . C7 6. lLlbs+ +-]
6. l3as ! Wd6
[6 . . . . @ x as 7. lLJc6+ +-]
7 tDfs+ +- 1-o.
0 E6-35
llenri RJnck, I903

I. l3as !! Wu
113
SCORE TABLE
Score tab l e
N
Poi n t s
13
Poi n t s
Poi n t s
25
14
26
15
27
16
28
17
29
18
30
19
31
20
32
21
33
10
22
34
11
23
35
12
24
36
You r Poi nts
Your Poi nts
total
Pl ay i n g St rength
Poi n t s
l es s than 4 poi nt s
4-
9 poi n t s
begi n n e r
ELO
800 - 1000
9-
2 9 poi n t s
30 -
4 7 poi n t s
ELO 1 5 00 - 1800
48 -
6 7 poi n t s
ELO 1800 - 2 100
68 -
89 poi nt s
ELO 2 100 - 2 300
90 -
99 poi n t s
E L O 2 300 - 2 400
100 - 110 poi n t s
ELO 1000 - 1 500
E L O above 2 4 0 0
110
You r Poi nts
liS
7 Th e Process of E limin ation

Mark Dvoretsky wrote i n h i s book 'Secrets
of Chess Tra i n i ng' : 'When selecti ng the cor
rect m ove, the abi l i ty to avoi d calcu lati n g
unessential vari ations is a s im portant a s the
abi l i ty to calcu l ate d eeply and accu rately. '
I n other words, we h ave to try to t h i n k eco
nom ically and rationally.
Som eti m es it is q u i te d ifficult to work
out wh ich i s the strongest m ove. It can of
ten be easier to satisfy oneself that al l other
moves are bad . By using the process of elim
ination ( that is, the el i m i n ati on of all weak
moves fro m fu rther considerati o n ) we can
save time and energy, reac h i ng the right de
cision more q u ickly and more easily.
The p rocess of e l i m in ation i s a p p l ied
mai n ly when d efe n d i ng. The thought p ro
cess ru n s l i ke t h i s : 'Th at m ove l oses ; that
one too ; so I ' l l p l ay the other. I m ight save
the gam e l i ke this, b u t if not, I know the
position was lost anyway'.
To understand how the process of e l i m i
nation c a n b y appl ied i n a p ractical gam e ,
let's take a l o o k a t s o m e examples :
Margei r Petursson - Artur Yusu pov
Yerevan (of) 1996
117
0
a
..
? j. .i_ .a. ?
6
6
j.
5
"iV 5
[j,
[j,
4
4
[j, tjj
3
3
tjj [j,
2 /j,
2
[j,
'iV n
8
Wh i te h as a clear positional advantage

and now tries to develop his i n i ti ative.
22. tbd6 A)(d6 23. l3.h4
An u n pleasan t i n termezzo ( 23. exd6

b x c5 ) .
Because 2 3 . . . . Wg6 2 4 . e x d 6 b x c5 25.
b x c5 Aa6 26. :Be1 looked q u ite h opeless, I
decided to risk the other q ueen move.
118
a
7 A .A.
.. . . 7
6
A l. -*. 1.
a 6
5
5
[j, "iV
[j,
4
4
[j, CD
3
3
[j,
2
2 [j,
VlH
24 . ... W)(es
Of cou rse, I cou l d n 't calcu l ate al l l i nes
p recisely (I d i d n ' t want to either), but to
p l ay this bold m ove I j ust h ad to con
vi nce myself that the alternative 24 . . . . Wg6
looked j ust as d angero u s after the power
fu l 25. e x d 6 ! ( 25 . c x d 6 ll:J x e5 26. We2 c5)
25 . . . . b x c5 26. b x c5 ll:J x c5 27. ll:J x c6 A xc6
28. Axc6 ll:Jf5 29. :Bg4 Wh6 30. Ad2 Wh5 31.
Af3 ! Wh3 32. :Bq o r 32. :Bg5 :B x d 6 33 :Bh5
V:fxf1 + 34 <;!?xf1 and White wi ns.
C H A P T E R 7 T H E P RO C E S S OF E L I M I N ATION
1 16
120
2s. tDbs
25. e4 !? Wds 26.
26 . . . . l=le8 27. c x d 6
l=le2 Axg2 30. c;!;>xg2
26. ttJ xd8 xg2 27.
bx cs ; 25. l=le1 Wf6 .
tlJ x e 6 (26. x e6 Wq)

W x d 1 28. x d 1 cs 29.
tlJfs ;!; ; 25. ttJ x c6 Wxc3
ttJ x f7 ttJ x f7 28. c;!;>xg2
119
a
0
a
6
5
4
3
2 [3J
6
5
3
2
b
28. c6 Af6 l 29. l'! x h6 tOes I

121
0
a
2S . ... cxbs l
Black h as to sacrifice the q ueen , other
wise the knight a rrives at d 6 with d ecisive
th reats.
26. Axes .Axg2
6
5
4
3
2 {3J
3
2
26 . . . . A x es 27. x b7 +-.
27. xg2
27. .fa. x d 6 x f1 28. Wx f1 tlJfs 29 . e4 b x cs
30. b x cs tlJ x cs (30 . . . . tlJ x d 6 31 . c x d 6 tlJf8
32. l=ld4 l=lfd7 t ) 31. x es ttJ xg3 !?.
27. ... Axes

My tenacity pays off. My o p ponent now
makes a small m istake. The task wou l d h ave
been m ore d iffi c u l t i f h e h a d p l ayed 28.
J=l x h6 ! gxh6 29. c6 i n stead .
Black seizes his chance.

I n stead 29 . . . . gx h6 wou l d h ave led to
the position mentioned above. Even though
my opponent finds a nice com bination, it is
not good enough to wi n .
3o. l'!xf6 l l'!xd1 31. l'!xf7 l'!xf1 32. l'!xa7

32. q? l'!c1 - + ; 32. 'i!;>xf1 ? ttJ x f7 -+ .
117
1ll
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
a
32
..
A
8
4
3
2
8
8
..
c
43 gf6 ctJc6+ 44 'i!?e4 ltJe7.
43 ... c!>e7 l 44 gas
3S. c!>d4 g6 39 gfS+ c!>e7 40. gf3 c!>d6

41 . a3 b4 42. axb4 ttJ x b4 43 !US
44 gbg ?? ctJc6+ .
44
c!>f6 45 c!>e4 tlJds 46. gfS+ c!>e7
47 gbs c!>f6 4S. c!>d4 c!>fs 49 f3 - Y2-Y2
S mbat Lputian - Artur Yusupov

Baden -Baden 1996
124
tlJxc6 !
B l ack has to e l i m i n ate the potentially

dangerous pawn o n b4.
On the other h a n d , 32 . . . . gc1 ? is poor
d u e to 33 q +- ; l i kewise 32 . . . . g x f2 + ?! because of33. 'i!?xf2 liJ x c6 34 ga8+ 'i!?f7 35 a3
ltJes 36. 'i!?e3 ctJq+ 37 'i!?d4 with the threat
of a4.
33 gaS+ c!>f7 34 c!> xf1 ttJ x b4 35. c!>e2 hs

36. c!>e3 c!>f6 37 c!>e4 tlJds ;!;
0
a
....;-;;....
!
"..=':.,-- -=-- 1
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
4
3
2
a
123
Once aga i n , I ' m sorry to say that my play

u ntil this point h ad been less than convinc
mg.
As the b l ac k knigh t i s p i n ned, I can do
noth i ng else but try for a perpetual check. I
was short o f ti me and i t was o n ly by using
the p rocess of e l i m i n ation that I m a n aged
to save the game.
s6. ... Wf4+
The worst is over for Black. With carefu l

play I d rew the game without d i fficulty.
The other check, s6 . . . . C1+ , loses to 57

'i!?e2 C2+ 58. 'i!?e3 C3+ 59 'i!?f2 C2+ 60.
'i!?g3 +-.
57 c!>e2 We4+ ss. c!>d1

sB. 'i!?d2 ><g2 + .
uS
C H A PT E R 7 T H E P RO C E S S OF E LI M I N ATION
125
a
6
5
4
3
1i: 8
a
0
e
6 1 . . .. Wf4+ 62. bs Wf1+ 63. b6

Wf2+
d
61. e4 xg2 + .
6o . ... Wg3+ I 61. C4
126
Agai n , I h ave two choices and j ust a few

seconds remain i ng on the clock. However, I
quickly realised that 6o . . . . f1 + would lose
to 61. e3 e1 + 62. f3 f1+ 63. g3 e1+
64. h2 +-. I chose the other check.
127
8
a
64. C] Wa7+ 65. c6 Wa4+ 66. b6

Wb3+
..
neither q ueen n o r roo k m ay leave their po

sitions: if 64. cs b2+ 65. q??, then
x b8 ! + is possible .
3
2
Fortunately, my opponent cou ld not find

a wi n here. Whi te's main p ro b l e m i s that
The d raw is u navoidable. If 67. q c3+

68. d8, then 68 . . . . as+ 69. e7 a7+ 70.
f6 f2+.
67. as 67. ... Wa2+ 68. b4 Wb2+ 69.

a4 Wc2+ 70. bs We2+ 71. b6 Wf2+
Y2-Y2
* * *
The process of el i m i nation can be used not

only in defence, but also in positions where
o n e stands better - though i n that case it
s h o u l d be u sed m o re carefu l ly. You m ight
overesti m ate you r position and fi n d your
self goi ng d own a losing l i n e rather than
being satisfi ed with a d raw i n another varia
tio n . To avoi d such a d isaster, one should
also calculate the consequences of your cho
sen move ( perhaps not as thoroughly as the
others) e n s u ri ng that you at least h ave a
' bale-out' opti o n .
I!XI!RCISES
119
Exercises ( solutions
E7-1
p. 123-125)
11
*
a
E 7-3
11
**
E 7-2
11
E 7-4
rn
**
CHAPTER 7 THE PROCESS OF ELIMI NATION
120
E 7-5
11
**
a
E 7-7
rn
***
a
E 7-6
rn
***
a
E 7-8
11
***
a
EXERCISES
121
E 7-9
11
***
a
E 7-11
rn
***
b
E 7-10
a
11
***
e
E 7-12
a
11
***
e
CHAPTER 7 THE. PROCESS OF E.LIMINATION
12.2.
E 7-13
a
I1J
***
E 7-15
I1J
****
E 7-14
a
I1J
****
E 7-16
*****
6
5
SOLUTIONS E7-1 TO E 77
123
Sol utions
0 E7-1
Fridstein, I987
I a8 !
[6!'!c7 ; 1. . . . !'!b1 + 2. a4 !'!a1 + 3 b3 h1\Y (3 .
. . . l"tbi+ 4 a2 .El.CI 5 cS\Y+ +-) 4 Ftxh1 +-; 1.
. . . h1\Y 2. cSCLJ + bs (2. . . . as 3 ct:Jb6+ bs
4 a7#) 3 a7+ xeS 4 !'! x h 1 +-]
z. b6
(2. gh8+ a7 3 cS\Y g xcS ; 2. g x h2 g X C7 3
't!?b6 gcs =]
z. . bi+ 3 cs ci+ 4 d6 di+ S
e7 CI 6. d8 di+ 7 d7 Xd7+
( 7 ..CI = ]
8 . xd7 hiW 9 c8W+ a7 = .
'l1xg5 40. Acr = ( 40. E!. x eS+ E!. x eS 41. !'!xg7

E!.e2 !-+ ).
39 1'!xe7 fs 40. 1'!xg7 ! Wxgs 4I. 1'!xa7
ih 42.. Whs+
Anand carries out the attack powerfully.
42. Ags
[ 42 . . . . \Ygs 4 3 'l1h6 + ct:Jg7 44 'l1f6 + -J
43 f4 ! Wg6
[ 43 . . . ct:J x f4 44 Ag7+ +-]
44 Aes
Preparing an elegant finale.
44 es 4S Wxhs!!
[45 \Y x h 5 !! \Yxh5 46. Ap#]
I-0.
0 E7-2
0 E7-6
Ragozin - Boleslavsky, Moscow 1945

3S , [35 . . . ..bs + 6 36. a4 ..bi + -+]
36. e8W+ +- [36. eS\Y+ xeS 37 Aa4 +-] I-o.
Nikolay Grigoriev, I933

I. ai !!
( 1 . 'i!?b2 d4 2. 'i!?a2 (2. 'i!?b1 d3! = ; 2. 'i!?cr c;!?q
3 'i!?d1 d3 4 c x d3 'i!? x d3 =) 2 . . . . 'i!?c3 3 'i!?b1 (3.
a3 'i!? x c2) 3 . . . d3 4 c x d3 'i!?xb3 = ;
1 . b1 :' 'i!?c3 2. 'i!?cr d4 3 d1 (3. b1 d3 4 cxd3
Xb3 =) 3 . . . d3 = ]
I . C3
[ 1. . . . d4 2. 'i!?b2 'i!?c5 3 c1 b4 4 d2 +-]
2 . hi b...
(2 . . . . d4 3 CI d3 4 cxd3 Xb3 (4. . . . Xd3 5
b2 ! +-) 5 d2 ! + - ; 2. . . . d4 3 'i!?b2 +-]
3 ci CJ 4 di d4 S ci d3 6. cxd3
xb3
[ 6 . . . . 'i!?xb3 7 'i!?d2!]
7 dz ! +-.
0 E7-3
Timoshchenko - Kuzmin, SSSR 1980

I e7 i' ( 1 . . . . 'i!?g7 ! 2. Fl.h7+ 'i!?f6 (2. . . .
't!?fs 3 g xe6 +-)] z. 1'!bs 1'!a4 [ 2. . . . E!.b2 3
IJ.e4 b3 4 E!. xb3 +-] 3 1'!e4 ai 4 bxb4 +I-0.
0 E7-4
Richard Reti, Igz8

e8W+ ! [1. xd6 eS 2. c6 (2. e6 E!. x c7)
2 . . . . xe7 3 'i!?b] 'i!?d7 -+] I x eS [ 1. . . .
I:l.xe8 2. xd6 = ] z. xd6 a8 3 c6 [ 6 b7]
3 c8 4 d6 = 'h-'h.
I.
0 E7-7
0 E7-5
Anand - Karpov, Frankfurt (rapid) 1999

38 . . . . 1'!xe7 i'
Karpov played this move very quickly, and it was
the decisive mistake. He could have defended his
position with 038 . . . . fs 39 E!. x a7 (39 E!. x g7
Z:XX e 1+ 40. 'l1 xe1 B.es 41. \Yq E!.e3 +) 39 . . .
Vladimir Bron, I979

I. g7 ( 1 . d7:' h1\Y 2. ds\Y \Yh4+ - + ] I
Ac4
( 1 . . . . h1\Y 2. gs\Y =] z. gsW! (2. d7 h1\Y 3 e7
1i1e4+ -+] z Axgs 3 d7 hiW 4 dsW Wh4+
S 87 Wxds stalemate ( 5 . . . . \Yg4+ 6. 'i!?fs =
(6. 'i!?f6 \Yg5#)] 'h-'h.
124
SOLUTIONS
O E7-8
Ravikumar - Nielsen, Esbjerg 1980
I
as
[1 . . . . dxcs 2. b6 C4 (2 . . . . cxb6 3 a6 +-) 3 a6
cxb6 4 d6 c3 5 d7 <i!;>q 6. a7 c2 7 dS@+ <i!7xds
S. aS@+ + - ;
1
c6 2 . c x d6 cxbs 3 d 7 <i!7c7 4 a6 + - ;
1. . . . <i!7a7 2 . b6+ ! cxb6 ( 2. . . . <i!;>b7 3 b x q <i!7xc7
4 cxd6+ +-) 3 c x d6 + - ;
1. . . . @cs 2. a6 ! (2. b6 c x b6 = ) 2 . . . . <i!;>bs (2.
. . . dxcs 3 b6 +-) 3 b6 + - ;
1. <i!;>b7 ! = (tide) 2 . a6+ (2. cxd6 cxd6 = ; 2 . c6+
<i!;>bs 3 b6 cxb6 = 4 a6 bs - + ; 2. b6 cxb6 =) 2 .
. . . <i!;>a7 ! 3 b6+ <i!7xa6! (3 . . . . cxb6 4 cxd6 +-)
4 bxc7 @b7 5 cxd6 <i!7cS =]
. b6 b7 3 bXC7 XC7 4 CXd6+ 1-0,
0 E7-9
Karpov - Csom, Bad Lauterberg 1977

49 . . . tDfs
[49 . . . lt::!g s! so. lt::! h s t l!h7 so . . . . @e4 -+ (so.
. . . l!gS ! 51. lt::! xf6 lt::! f4 52. \?:txf4 lt::! h 3+ 53 <i!7fi
\?:tht + 54 <i!;>e2 lLl x f4 + - + ) st. lL'l x f6 @eJ+ 52.
<i!7xg2 (52. <i!7ht \?:th3+ 53 <i!7gt lLle3 - + ) 52. . . .
\?:tfJ+ 53 <i!7gi \?:t x f6 - + ]
so. tDfs ! +[so. lt::!fs! (llsi. l!h7 ! lt::!h 7 52. \?:tg7#) so. . . . exfs
(so . . . . lt::J xd7 51. \?:th2+ <i!7g8 52. @g3+ +-) 51.
Wh2+ <i!7gs 52. @g3 + + -]
I-0
0 E7-10
Yusupov - Sorokin, Elista (ol) 1998

6
Afs
[26 . . . . l!g8 27- @f6 + !! A x f6 2S. lt::J f7# ;
2 6. . . . Af6 ! 27. ct:ld7 A x d4 2 8 . Ags ct:ld6 29.
A x d8 CZJ x f7 30. Af6 + (30. l! x e4 l! x d8 31.
!!xd4 lLles -+) 30. . . . Axf6 31. lLl x f6 Ac6 (31 . . . .
l!c8! 32. lt::! xe4 l'!e2) 32. lLl x e8 A x eS 33 l! x e6
Ac6 'f. / = ]
7. Axfs xfs 2.8. xe4 ! tDd6
[2S . . . . f!. x f7 29. lLl x f7 + + - ]
g. tDx86+ ! hx86 3 0 . h4+ ! W x h4 31.
. . .
E 7-S TO E7-14
Wxf8+ h7 3. Wxd6 +- We4 33 'Mc7+ h6

34 Wcr+ 8S 3S g3 hs 36. Wdr+ g6 37 h3
f6 38. Wd bs 39 hz 1-o.
0 E7-11
Yochanan Afek, 1981

1. 87+ ! [1. <i!;>f7 f!.g7+ 2. <i!;>fs l!xa7 -+ ; 1. aS!/:1
l! x aS 2. <;!;>[] f!.a7+ - + ] I . . . h7 2.. 86+ [2..
<;!;>[] f!. xg7+ -+ ; 2. as@ l!xaS 3. <i!;>f7 f!.a7+ -+]
2.
h6 3 a8W ! (3. '!9f7 l! xg7+ - + ] J. . . .
xa8 4 f, a7+ S 88 D >< 87+ [s . .
<i!7 xg6 6. <i!;>hs = l! xg7 stalemate] 6. <i!?hs a7
[6 . . . . <i!7 xg6 stalemate] 7 87 X87 stalemate
1/z-1/z.
.
. . .
..
0 E7-12
Planinc - Ba8irov, Banja Luka 1976

4
b8 ! [ 42. . . . lLlc6 43 CLJd7 lLlbS 44. l!at+ !
<i!;>xb7 45 flbi+ @c7 46. CZJxbS l!a2 ( ll l!aS) 47
l!f1 fs 48. !'!et =] 43 h3 ( 4 3 l!bs l!c1 + 44 @f2
l!cs! 45 !!. xes lt:'lxd3+ -+ ] 43 . . . 1!c7 44 1!b4
tDc6 4S 1!c4 [ 45 l!b6 <i!7a7 -+ ] 4S
xb7 + 46. <i!?fz 13.c8 47 84 as 48. tDe4 c7 49
t'Dcs az+ so. 83 a3 SI f4 CJ sz. h4
xc4 S3 dxc4 b6 54 tDd3 fs ss. hs 8S+ s6.
fJ c7 57 cs d7 58. 83 e7 S9 f)
f6 0-I.

0 E7-13
Gabriel - Michaelsen, Bundesliga 1998/99

67. e6 [67. <i!;>e4 ! e2 (67. . . . <i!;>xh3 6S. <i!;>[J +-)
6S. l!f3 + <i!7g2 69. f!.e3 'i!?h 70. 'i!?f4 + - ; 67. !'!g6 +
<i!;> x h3 6S. r;;.e 4 e2 69. l!g1 r;;.h 2 70 . .E'!.er r;;.g3 71.
r;;.e3 h3 = ; 67. @d4 e2 6S . .E'!.e6 r;;.h 69. r;;.d3 et!/:1
70. l!xe1 r;;. x ei 7 1 . r;;.e3 r;;.d i ! 72. r;;.r4 r;;.e2 73
'i!?g4 'i!?e3 74 r;;. x h4 '!9f4 = ] 67
xh3 68.
<i!?e4 82. 69. <i!?f4 h3 70. x e3 hz 7I. eH
h3 1/z-'h.
0 E7-14
Yusupov - Movsesian, Bundesliga 1999/2000

2.4. Ae4
After this dreadful move, White loses the game.
SOLU T I O N S
[24. Ad4 cs!]

This is the idea I overlooked.
[2s. 1i,bs c;;,d s ! 26. tUgs (26. A x d7 A xd7 27.
e6 fx e6 2S. 1i, x g7 1"l.gs + L'> 29. CUes 1i, xc3+ 30.
c;;, X CJ CLJds+ -+) 26 . . . . C X d4 27. CLJ X e6 + c;;,C S
2S. l"l. x d7 dxc3+ -+.
The correct move was 24. 1i,f2!! oo cuds 2s. fs
Axq+ 26. c;;,c 2 1"l.h6 27. fxe6 with the point 27.
. . . l"l.xe6 (027. . . . fxe6 2S. Ae4 Aas 29. l"l.a7 t)
2S. Afs l"l.e7 (2S . . . . tU x es 29. A x e6 fxe6 30.
tUgs ) 29. llcs tU xes 30. l"l.bs#.
:z.4
Ads ! zs. ttlgs
[2s. 1i,d4 1i,xq+ -+ ;
2s. e6 ! fx e6 26. CUes tU xes 27. fx es ll xe4 2S.
l"l.bS+ c;;,f] 29. l"l.x hS CUds JO. 1i,d4 CS - + ]
:z. s. . . . Axq+ !
Didn't see that one either!
[2S . . . . cs 26. ll x ds cu xds 27. cu x f7 ! 1i, x cJ +
2S. c;;,C2 oo J
:z.6. xq cs -+
[26. . . . 1i,xe4 27. CU X e4 cuds+ 2S. c;;,d4 CUsxb6
29. CLJd6+ c;;,e 7 JO. CLJfs+ c;;,fS - + )
2.7. g,xd7 xd7 :z.S. Axes Axe4 :z.g. Axe7
[29. CU X e4 cuds+ -+ J
:z.g. . . . A xg:z. 30. Acs Ads 31. fs c6 32..
Ad4 g,as 33 h4 g,a3+ 34 d2. g,aH 3S e1
g,a4 o-1.
12S
E 7-IS TO E 7-16
0 E7-15
Yusupov - Epishin, Bundesliga 1999/zooo

16. An = [16. l/1c2 cu xc3 17. 1i,b3 (17. '@ x q
Xa4 +) 1 7. . . . cu xb3 I S . a x b3 CUe2+ 1 9 . c;;,h l
bs L'> 2o. l"l.cdi cu x d4 !!-+ J 16. . . . W x d3 17.
Axd3 bs = 18. ttld:z. h6 19. Ae3 Ad7 :z.o. b3

ttlb7 2.1. C4 Ih-Ih.
0 E7-16
Anand - Gelfand, Wijk aan Zee 1996

:z.1
fxe6 ::
[21. . . . 1i, x e6 22. l"l. xe6 fxe6 23. V1 xg6+ g7
24. 1i,xe6 + l"l.f7 2s. 1i, x f7+ c;;,rs 26. xf6 + - ;
2 1 . . . . l"l.es !
A) 22. 1"l.ef1 Ah4 ! + ;
B ) 22. 6 Ah4 (22. . . . cuh4 23. g4+ cug6 24.
6) 23. l"l.xf7 xf7 24. xf7+ c;;, x f7 2S. ctJc7+
Ae6 26. l"l.xe6 l"l. xe6 27. Axe6+ c;;,e7 2S. tLlxaS
c;;, x e6 29. cub6 + ;
C ) 22. l"l.fh llxe6 (22 . . . . fxe6 23. xg6+ Ag7
24. 1"l.f6! xf6 2s. xeS+ fs 26. Axe6+ Axe6
27. l/1xe6+ l/1f7 2S. l/1b6 oo ) 23. A x e6 fxe6 24.
V1xg6+ llg7 2s. l"l.f3 l"l.fs + ;
D) 22. l"l.e4! 22 . . . . A x e6 23. ll x e6 fxe6 24.
xg6+ llg7 2s. 1"!.6 65]
u. g,xe6 !
[22. V1 x g6 + l/1g7 (22. . . . llg7 +) 23. l"l. x e6
xg6 24. 1"l.ex f6+ c;;,h 7! 0-+ ;
22. A x e6+ A x e6 23. 1"l. x e6 l/1g7!-+]
u . . . . g7
( 22 . . . . A x e6 23. V1xg6+ l/1g7 (23 . . . . Ap 24.
Axe6+) 24. Axe6+ c;;,h s (24. . . . l"l.f7 2s. Axf7+
c;;,rs 26. V1 x f6 +-) 2s. l"l.hs+ +-]
2.3. g,xe7+ Axe7 2.4. g,xfs Axfs :z.s. h4! +
[2s. h4 c;;,h 7 26. hs ctJe7 27. f3 (27. f4 Ad7 2S.
f6 Ac6 29. Af, +-) 27. . . . Afs 2S. xb7 +-]
1-0.
C H A P T E R 7 T H E P RO C E S S OF E L I M I N ATION
1 26
Practical exe rc i s e s
Try to play the fol lowi ng fou r stud ies l i ke real games. You always h ave Wh ite. For each of
the first two positions you h ave half an hou r's t h i n k i ng time, and for each of the second
two you h ave an hour.
Cover the m oves and the d i agrams that fol low with a sheet of paper. When you have
reached a decision, you can look at the correct move, the comments, and the 'opponent's'
next move.
Each study ru ns in a col u m n . I n the left-hand col u m n you ' l l fi rst fi nd a study by Grigoriev,
then Vl ase n ko ; i n the right- h a n d col u m n a study by G u rvic h , then Kozi rev. Focus your
attention on the can d i d ate moves, and try to refute poor moves as q u i ckly as possi ble.
Abram G u rvich 1961
N ikolay G rigoriev 1931

130
128
7
6
5
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
3
2
[1]
a
7
6
5
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
3
2
b
t[j 7
6
5
,.. 4
.i_ 3
2
131
129
h
8
[1]
7
6
5
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
3
2
a
127
PRACTICAL EXERCISES
rn
132
a
V. Kozirev 1978
V. Vlasenko 1970
rn
133
a
rn
134
a
CHAPTER 7 THE PROCESS OF ELIMINATION
128
rn
135
a
rn
137
rn
136
rn
138
PRACTICAL EXERCISES
129
139
rn
a
141
rn
a
140
rn
a
142
rn
h
130
CHAPTER 7 T H E PROCESS OF ELIMINATION
143
[1]
a
[1]
145
146
144
h
PRACTICAL E X E RC I S E S
Grigoriev 1931: solution
Gurvich 1961 : solution

I . h4! (2 points)

I . f4 ! (2 points)
tLlg5,
'i!?g3 ;
L.
I . 'i!,>h4 ctJf2 ( I
'i!?g7 2 . ctJg5 ctJf2 3 ctJ X h3 )
f7 g5 2. f6 (2. 'i!?g7 b3 3 x h7 'i!?c4 4

c;;,g6 g4 5 g5 'i!?d5 6. 'i!?xg4 e6 =) 2 . . . . g4
3 g5 'i!?b3 4 'i!?xg4 'i!?c4 5 g5 'i!?d5 6. 'i!?h6
'i!?e6 7 'i!?xh7 'i!?f] =.
I . . . . hs
1.
'i!?b3 ( 1 . . . . h6 2. h5 +-) 2. 'i!?f7 c4 3 'i!?xg7
c;;,d5 4 <i!?xh7 'it>e6 5 'i!?g7 +-.
1.
2. ctJg5+ (2. 'i!?g3 CLle4+ 3 'i!? x h3 g7 +-) 2 . . . .

f6 3 ctJh7+ (3. tLl xh3 tLl xh3 4 'i!?xh3 'i!;>f5 -+)
3
'i!?g7 +-.
I . . . . ltlfz
1.
'i!?g7 2. tLlg5 tLlf2 3 'i!?g3 'it>f6 4 tLlh7+ =.
0 0 0
. .

z. fs ! (1 point)

2.. f3 ! (2 points)
2. f7 g5! 3 h x g5 h4 4 g6 h3 5 g7 h2 6. gs@
hi@ =.
2.. . . . g6
g5 3 hxg5 h4 4 g6 h3 5 g7 h2 6. gB@+ +-.
2
2. 'i!?g3 CLle4+ 3 'i!?xh3 'i!?g7 - + ; 2. tLlg5+ 'i!?f6 3

tLlh7+ 'i!?g7 - + ; 2. 'i!?e3 g7 3 tLlg5 tLldi+ -+.
z
g7 3 ltlgs h6
3
'i!;>f6 4 CLlh7+ =.
... ltlf7+ = .

3 e7 ! +- (1 point)
3 'i!;>g7 g5 4 h xg5 h4 = .
3 . . . b3 4 f6 c4 ; . xg6 ds 6.
xh; e6 7 g6 +-.
0 0 0
132
CHAPTER
T H E P RO C E S S OF E L I M I N ATION
Vlasenko 1970: solution
Kozirev 1978: solution

1 . ti)bz (2 points)

I. e7
1. '1!7fa 'r!=Jf7#.
1. b7 + <t!?as 2. Cbb2 e2; 1. <t!?cs e2.

1
as
1. . . . e2 2. ctJc4 e1'r!=1 3 b7#.
z. cs ez 3 ti)c4+ a4
3 . . . '1!7a6 4 't!?c6.

I . . . . Wes+ z. d7 (1 point)

4 Af) ! (2 points)
2. <;!;>fa? 'r!=Jf6+ 3 '1!7ga Af7+ 4 <;!;>fa e6+ s. l!i>es

'r!=Jf7+ 6. 'i!;>da 'r!=Jfa#; 2. 't!?da?? 'r!=Jd6(ea/q)#.
z
Ae8+ 3 d8 A6
'r!=1e8(d6/q)#.
4 Ac6+ '1!7b3 5 Cbd2+ 'i!;>q 6. tb[J 'i!;>xd3

4 ... eiW S Adi+ Wxdi
=.

4 Wbz+ ! (2 points)
6. ti)bz+ b3 7 ti)xdi as
7 . . . '1!7c2 8. <t!fxd4 <t!fxd1 g. <t!fc3 +-.
4 <t!fd7?? 'r!=1c7#.
4 . . . Wxbz S c7+ a7 6. c8W Wf6+
C7
7 '1!7d7 .1le6+ -+.
7 ... Wes+

8. ds !! (3 points)
8. <t!fxd4 a4 g. ctJc3 a3 10. ctJe2 't!?b2 I I . ctJc3
'1!7b3 =.
8
34
a. . . . '1!7c2 g. 'l!;>xd4 '1!7xdi (g . . . . a4 10. ctJq +-)
10. '1!7c3 +-.
9 Xd4 33 10. ti)q b4
10 . . . . '1!7b2 I I . '1!7c4 +-.

8. d8 (1 point)
a. 'i!;>d7 J:Le6+ - + ; a. 't!?c6 ea+ -+.
8 . . . . b6 !
( 'r!=Jea#)

9 Wd7 (1 point)
II. ti)az+ b3 IZ. ti)ci+ b4
12 . . . . '1!7b2 13. '1!7c4 '1!7 x ci 14. <t!fb3 +-.

IJ. ds ! (1 point)
IJ . . . . c-hq I4 d4 c-hez IS c-hc4 +-.
g.
'i!;>d7 ? e6+.
9 . . . Ae6 !

10. hsW! (2 points)
10. 'r!=Jd2? 'r!=Jf6+ 11. '1!7ea 'r!=Jf7+ 12. 't!?da 'r!=Jfa#;
10. 'r!=Jxe6 + ? 'r!=1xe6 11. hs'r!=J 'r!=Jd6 + 12. 't!?es (12.
'1!7ca l;!:Jq#) 1 2. . . . 'r!=Jba+ -+.
1 0 . . . . WxhS+ II. Wes Wes
PRACTICAL EXERCISES
133

u.. Wxe6 + ! (2 points)
12. <tle7 Ads+ 13. <tlds (IJ. <tlfs f6+ -+) 13 . . . .
c7#;
I2. g6 d6+ 13. <tles Ad7+ 14. <tlf7 Ae8+ - + ;
1 2 . a4 f6+ 1 3 . <tles f7+ 1 4. <tlds f8+ 15.
e8 d6+ - + ;
1 2. fs c7 + 13. <tles d7#.
12.. .
W x e6 stalemate
.
13 4
Score tab l e
CHAPTER 7 T H E P ROCESS OF ELIMINATION
1 35
8 Z u gzwang
Let m e start with a defin ition : 'zugzwang, a
German word , now angl icised, for a posi
tion i n which whoever has the m ove wou l d
o btain a worse result than if it were t h e op
ponent's turn to play .. .' (The Oxfo rd Com
pan ion to Chess, Hooper & Whyl d ) .
Zugzwang i s a very i mportant element
of the endgam e . By contrast, i n the m i d
dlegame s u c h situations are rare ; and i n
the o pen i ng, where every tempo is vital to
accelerate develo pm ent, it wou l d be h a rd
to i m agi ne a situation where zugzwang oc
curs. H avi ng the move is an advantage ! The
concept o f zugzwang is foreign to the open
ing and m id d legame, but with heavy p i ece
exchanges, the cou rse of the game changes.
In h i s classic book ' Co m m o n Sense i n
Chess' Emanuel Lasker describes 'the th ree
elements that give the endgame i ts c harac
ter: the offensive power of the ki ng, the
passed pawn and zugzwang. Play i n the
endgame changes so m u c h , that the p l ay
er's mental attitude m ust also be d i fferent.
A player cannot reckon with m assive effects,
he becomes more moderate and works with
small val ues. His attacks are no longer great
conceptions . . . b u t a re m o re concerned
with the exertion of p ressu re on the enemy
pieces, cram p i ng them, and thereby rob
bing them more and more of their m o b i l i ty,
til l Fi nally zugzwang occu rs and the defence
breaks.'
* * *
(Diagram 147)
White h as a clear advantage : the roo k
o n t h e seventh ran k i s s o strong that it ties
up two enemy pieces. Only Black's king can
move. All White has to do is bring the knight
into pl ay.
Artur Yusu pov - Egon Brestian

Schallaburg 1998
147
0
b
30. CLJf3 Th reatening lLlgs.

30
...
f6 31. g4
Wh ite wanted to conti nue with g4-g5.
31 . ... gs
Or 31 . . . . g8 32. gs f7 33 f1, fol lowed
by g2-g3-g4, gxf6 and lLlgs.
32. CLJd2 g8 33 CLJf1 f7 34 ClJg3 11

Thi s i s m o re p recise than 34. lLle3 'i!?e7
35. lLlfs+ d7, and Bl ack can u n p i n h i mself
with !:!a8 .
34
e7 3s. l2Jhs f7
N ow B l ack's king m ust also assist i n de

fence by p rotecting the pawn on f6.
36. CLJg7
And B l ac k resi gned . I f 36 . . . . g6, then
37 lLlfs ! +-. And after 36 . . . . e7 there fol
l ows 37 t0e6 and B l ack i s in zugzwang. He
can sti l l m ove his p awns for a few m oves,
but then that's it.
C H A PT E R
Lasker beautifu l ly d escri bed a typical zug

zwang position : ' Both sides have each piece
& each sti l l mobile pawn in their best, most
efficient, attacking & defensive position. The
reserves h ave all been deployed , each piece
has its pu rpose, and it carries out that p u r
pose i n its assigned pl ace. But now a m ove
must be made, and that privi lege turns i nto
the o pposite. M ovi ng wi l l mean givi ng u p
the desired position for an inferior one. One
wou l d rather not m ove, but the l aws of
chess d e m a n d & com m an d i t wit h o u t d e
m u r. The obl igatio n to m ove i s the reaso n
that t h e position c a n no l onger be hel d . '
Robert Fischer - Samuel Resh evsky

New York 1962
0
Z U G Z WANG
30 . ... ds
O r 30 . . . . gq 31. f3 gq 32. f2 ! and
B l ack h as no other m ove left than 32 . . . . ds,
with a s i m i l ar position to the game.
31. l!a1 !
Fischer's tec h n i q u e i s perfect. 31. exds+
'i!fxds 32. d1+ was weaker because of'i!i>e6
33 d8 Ag7! With this i n termezzo, Fischer
avoids this possi b i l i ty.
31 . ... gc6
Or 31 . . . . d x e4 32. g x a6+ d5 33 gb6 +
Wi ns.
32. exds+ xds 33 gd1+ r;!>e6 34 gds

r;!>fs
lf34 . . . . gq, then 35. ga8 +- wi ns.
35 l!a8 ..e6 36. gh3 l
Th reate n i ng sim p ly 37 gf3.
8
7
1------ ---.-- 1
Fischer pl ayed the e n dgame so ski l l fu l ly

that h i s opponent h as been left without a
decent move : the rooks h ave to p rotect the
h-pawn , king and bishop cannot move onto
the seventh rank, and the roo k o n q h as
to be ready to p rotect the p awn o n a6 ( i t
has to stay o n q s o that i t can protect the
a-pawn fro m c6). There fol l owed a s i m ple
waiting move.
Now Black is i n zugwang and h as to open

the position h i mself.
36 . ... Ag7 37 l! x h8 A x h8 38. g x h7 ge8

39 gf]+ r;!>g4 40. f3+
And Wh ite won the game.
Svetozar G l igoric - Vassily Smyslov

Amsterdam 1971
149
a
2
a
137
Black has the more active pieces and a

better king position. H ere, zugzwang also
leads to a quick wi n.
41 . ... h7 1 0
Every m ove worsens Whi te's desperate

situation.
4Z gC1
Or 42. @h2? g x f3 43 Wxf3 A >< e4 -+ ;

42. We1 Wf6 -+ ; 42. gd2 A >< e4 43 g x d3
c><d3 ! - + ; 42. Wf2 g x f3 -+ ; 42. @f2 Wf6 -+ .
42 ... Wf6 43 Ae1
43 gd1 Wxc3 -+ wou l d be no better.

43 Wf4 l
and Wh i te resigned because of 44 gc2

xf3 -+ .
* * *
Zugzwang plays a central role m the

endgame. There i s h ardly an endgame
where the m otif d oes not come i nto play.
Opposition, triangul atio n and coord i nate
squares i n pawn endgames are the most
well-known examples . Positions with recip
rocal zugzwang are particularly interesting.
This idea is demonstrated in the next study.
Fritz 1953
a
0
f
1. f3 h4+
Black wants to sacrifice the kn ight for

the last pawn and thereby reach a draw.
2. gx h4 hs
At fi rst glance, White m ust lose the h

pawn . But h e h asn't yet exhausted al l his
tactical resources.
3. e3 I Ae7
lf3 . . . . 'i!;>x h4, then 4. l1Jf5+.

Now the point of the study: White can
no longer save the pawn , but . . .
4 g2 1 A x h4 S Af7+ gs 6 . Ae8
and Black i s i n zugzwang. The final posi

tion deserves a diagram .
1
-"""'""...,
--=..J
6
5
4
The only chance for White to wi n l ies in

the poor position of Black's knight.
The l i m i ted scope of Black's bishop is ev

ident. The king h as to p rotect the bishop,
but it too has run out of squares.
I nterestingly enough, it is a reci p rocal
zugzwang. Black is in zugzwang because of
the poor position of h is pieces. White is i n
zugzwang because h i s pieces are placed too
perfectly. The knight has to attack the enemy
b ishop and cover the e1 square, the king
138
CHAPTER
takes away the f2 and g3 s q uares fro m the

bishop and the g4 square from Black's king.
The bishop h as to control the hs squ are,
and it is p l aced perfectly on e8. If Wh i te
were to m ove, 7 .Af7 wou l d not work be
cause Bl ack's king attacks the bishop and
the trap falls apart.
Recogn ising in good ti m e that a zug
zwang positio n i s about to occ u r is a great
ski l l .
152
j an Tim man - H ans Ree

Amsterdam 1984
a
1. a4 l
1 . tLlfs ?! tLlg2 2 . tL:le3+ ? (2. g6 tL:lf4 3 g7
tLlhs+) wou l d h ave been i ncorrect d u e to 2.
. . . ttJ x e3 3 g6 'i!?d6 4 g7 lLlds+ .
1 . ... bs 2. as
and Black is i n zugzwang.

The reason why ds was the best squ are
for Black's king wi l l soon become evident.
2 . ... 'i!?c4 3 tDfs tLlg2 4 es !

0
Z U G ZWANG
and Black can no longer halt the g-pawn.
* * *
H e re are some i m portant criteria that can

lead to zugzwang:
1 ) i m mobile pieces;
2) the position of pieces and pawns are op
ti m al and can not be i m p roved ;
3 ) overloaded pieces.
Zugzwang I S an exceptionally u seful
weapon that s h o u l d not be l acking from
our arsenal in the endgame.
1 39
EXERCISES
Exercises (sol ut;ons
E B-1
p. 147-151 )
*
a
rn
e
7
6
E B-3
*
a
E B-2
rn
*
a
E B-4
rn
*
a
3
2
CHAPTER 8 ZUGZWANG
140
E B-s
*
a
111
e
E S-7
*
a
h
8
E S- 6
*
a
E 8-8
111
*
a
EXERCISES
141
E B-9
[1]
**
a
E B-11
[1]
**
b
E 8-1o
a
[1]
**
b
E B-12
[1]
**
b
142
CHAPTER 8 ZUGZWANG
E S-13
a
**
b
Ill
e
E S-15
E S-16
l:l \t>

I
iV
**
E B-14
a
3
2
**
b
5
4
3
2
1
***
b
3
2
143
EXERCISES
E S-17
a
***
b
E S-19
rn
***
b
E S-18
a
rn
***
b
E 8-2o
rn
***
b
CHAPTER 8 ZUGZWANG
144
E B-21
a
***
b
rn
f
E B-23
rn
***
b
E B-22
a
rn
***
b
E B-24
rn
****
b
EXERCISES
14 5
E S-25
a
****
b
rn
f
E S-27
****
b
E S-26
a
rn
****
d
E S-28
a
rn
****
d
146
CHAPTER 8 ZUGZWANG
E B-29
a
I1J
******
b
E B-31
I1J
****
b
E B-30
a
I1J
****
b
E B-32
I1J
*****
b
SOLUT I O N S
E8-I
TO
E8-I2
147
Solution s
0 E8-1
0 E8-9
Illustrative example
I. 6 0 A . . . z. Axg7#I-o.
Ercole Del Rio, (I7SO)

I. A6+ gi z. Ahi !! x hi 3 fi 0 ds 4
e x ds e4 S d6 e3 6. d7 ez+ 7 xez gi 8.
d8W hiW 9 Wd4+ hz Io. Wh4+ gz II.
Wg4+ hz u . fz +- I-o.
0 E8-2
Zejbot - Levin, St. Petersburg 1900

I ..gs 0 I-o.
0 E8-1o
0 E8-3
Szily - Balogh, corr

I . . . . h7 0 - + 0-I [2. g4 Wh2#; 2. Wd6
lt'1xd4#] .
Ojanen, A. I943
IJ. Wd7+ Wbs I4 Wd4+ Wb4 IS. Wd3 0 +
bs ( 1 5 . . . . Wf4 1 6 . Wb3# ; 15 . . . . Wbs 1 6 . Wa3#]
I6. Wcz+ Wb3+ I7. Wxb3# I-o.
0 E8-4
0 ES-11
Illustrative example
I. f8 ! 0 h6 [ 1. . . . hs 2. f7 c;;,h 7 3 f6 0] z.
hs ! h7 (2 . . . . gxhs 3 g6 +-] 3 6 gxhs 4
g6+ +-.
Baramidze - Smeets, Pulvermiihle 2001

In order to win this endgame White has to cross
the defensive line b8-h2 with one of his pawns.
Without both a-pawns the position would be
drawn, but here zugzwang helps.
SS cs 0 d8
If 55 . . . f6, then 56. f4 ! 1b x f4 57 b6 followed
by 58. C7, and White wins.
s6. ds e7 S7 e4
and Black cannot block the f-pawn.
S7 . . . f6 s8. f4 Ab8 S9 Ad7 I-o.
o Es-s
Yusupov - Anand, Linares 1992

I. Ac7 +- I-o ( 1 . . . . as 2. b6 8 ] .
0 E8-6
Gol'berg - Zhuk, Leningrad 1934

47 . . . e6 : Instead 47 . . . f6 ! 48. g6 e6 49
't9b2 = was necessary. 48. h6 ! +- gxh6 49 gxh6
f6 so. fs 0 I-o.
0 E8-7
Pirrot - Yusupov, German Cup 1992

32. . . . Ad3 0 33 g3 gs 34 h4 h6 3S hxgs
hxgs 36. gxf4 gxf4 -+ White resigned because
of 37 tLld1 (or 37 c;;,g2 1be2 38. c;;,h 3 1b x f3 -+) 37
. . . e7 38. tLlb2 d6 39 tLld1 cs 40. tLlb2 c;;,bs
41. CLJdi b4 -+. O-I,
0 E8-8
Moritz Lewitt, I896

I. bs ! h3 z. g4+ h4 3 b3 0 hs 4 gs ! fxgs S
b4 g4 6. f4 0 g3 7 hxgJ#I-o.
0 ES-12
Andersson - McNab, corr 1992

I. ez! 0 (1. il x f7? ilxe4 ; 1. c;;,fJ ? ildi + ; 1. g3?!
1bb1 2. c;;,f3 1bc2 3 1b x f7 (3. W x f7+ \3' x f7 + 4
il x f7 c;;,g 7 6c;;,f6-es) 3 . . . Qdi + 4 g2 Wc2+
s. g1 Wxe4 = ] I . . . . Abi z. 6 Acz 3 Axf7
Adi+ 4 fz WcH S gi Wxe4 6. Ae6 +
WeJ+ 7 hi \Mf4 8. Afs+ g8 9 Wg6+ f8
Io. Wxh6+ 6 II. We6+ f8 IZ. Wc8+ g7
IJ. \Md7+ f6 I4 We6+ Black resigned because
of 14 . . . . ci?g7 15. We7+ c;;,g 8 16. Qe6+ c;;,h 8 17.
Wd8+ c;;,g 7 18. Wxd1 +- I-o.
SOLUTIONS ES-13 TO E8-20

0 EB-13
Smyslov - Eingorn, Moscow 1988

The former world champion finds an elegant way
to pin his opponent's pieces.
42. l!xc6 ! b x c6 43 l! xc6 l!es [ 43 . . . Ercs
44 Ei:a6 +-] 44. l!c7 l!d8 45 xe6 ! l!xe6 46.
h4 0+- J-0.
0 EB-14
Miles - Yusupov, Linares 1997

39
Wd4
Black overlooks a chance to dominate the enemy
pieces. The powerful 39 . . . d3 ! was correct:
A) 40. 'i!?g2 b1 41. d2 xe4+ + ;
B ) 40. fJ d4+ 4 1 . 'i!?g2 bH 42. 'i!?gi 'i!?g7 8
43 g4 c1 44 'i!?f2 gs 45 h xgs h4 46 . .fbe2
Xei+ 47 'i!?xe1 Axe2 48. 'i!?xe2 'i!?g6 -+.
40. Af3
and White saved the game.

0 EB-15
Nimzowitsch - Capablanca, New York 1927

45
l!cJ ! 0 46. l!e3 [ 46. g2 l1g1 -+ ; 46.
'i!fh4 frc2 47 XC2 Xf3 -+ ; 46. e2 gi + -+ ;
46. '8fd2 Ei:gi + -+ ; 46. frd3 l"rf1 47 e2 gi+ 48.
g2 h4+ 49 'i!?h3 xgH so. 'i!?xg2 .fr x f4 -+]
46
l!fi -+ 0-1.
fi ! l!xh3 45 xdz Af4 46. e4 ! c;;,g7 47

l!d3 l!h4 48. l!d7+ c;;,h6 49 c;;,f) Aes so. g3
l!f4+ 51. c;;,gz l!g4 52.. c;;,h3 c;;,gs 53 l!e7 f6
54. l!h7 = [ t. tt:Jhs] 'h-'h.
0 EB-17
Taimanov - Botvinnik, SSSR 1967

38 . . . . gs! (38 . . . . 'i!ff6 39 'i!fg3 'i!ffs 40. e4+
'i!?xe4 41. 'i!?xg4 es 42. 'i!?gs = ] 39 hs g7 40.
c;;,g3 c;;,h 7 !! 41. c;;, x g4 c;;,h 6 42.. e4 White re
signed because of the following line : [ 42 . . . . as
(42. . . . es?? 43 a3 ! as 44 a4 +-) 43 a4 (43 es
a4 44 e6 a3 8) 43 . . . es 8 44 'i!?fs 'i!? x hs 45
'i!?xes g4 46. 'i!?f4 (46. 'i!?d4 g3 47 'i!?e3 'i!?g4 48.
es 'i!?h3 49 e6 g2 so. 'i!?h 'i!?h2 51. e7 gi+ -+)
46 . . . . 'i!?h4 47 es g3 48. e6 g2 49 e7 gi so.
e8 fH 51. 'i!?es e3+ - + ] o-1.
0 EB-18
Alexander Hildebrand, 1957

1. gs+ f4 2.. Axes+ xes 3 6+ f4 4
c;;,fz! Ag3+ S c;;,g z 0 1-o.
0 EB-16
Spassky - Timman, Tilburg 1978

37
l!as
Black overlooks the decisive regrouping that
would have lefi: his opponent with almost no acrive move:
37 . . . l"re1 ! 38. l"rb1 Af4! (38 . . . . Afs 39 a4 Aa3
40. as ACI would have been weaker because of 41.
tt:Jc3) 39 a4 Ac7 and the bishop blocks the pawn
at as. White cannot prevent the penetration of
the king from gS to c2.
In the game Spassky defended tenaciously and
gained the draw.
38. l!b2 l!a4 39 l!b6 ! c;;,f7 4o. l!d6 l!xa2
41. c;;,f3 l!a1 42. c;;,e2. l!a4 43 e3 ! l!xh4 44

0 EB-19
Henri FUnck, 1917

1. Wc7 + ! c;;,a8 2.. Was+ ! c;;,b 7 [ 2 . . . . 'i!?bs 3
b6+ +-] 3 cs+ ! b8 (3 . . . . 'i!?c6 4 a4+ +
; 3 . . . 'i!?cs 4 aS+ +-] 4 Wb6+ c8 S Wb7+
c;;,d8 6. c;;,d z! 0 1-o.
0 E8-2o
Louis Van Vliet, 1888

1. Wb4! 0 Wh
(I . . . . ds 2. a4+ 'i!?b6 3 b3+ x b3 4
b8+ + - ;
I . . . . fJ 2 . a4+ 'i!fb6 3 b3+ X b3 4
b8+ + - ;
I . . . . g2 2 . a3 + 'i!fb5 3 bH x b2 4
b8+ + - ;
I . . . . e8+ 2 . bSlLl + xb8 + 3 xbs +-]
2.. Wa3+ c;;,b6
(2 . . . . 'i!?bs 3 bH 'i!?c4 (3 . . . . 'i!?a4 4 a2+
'i!?b4 5 bi + x bi 6. b8 + ) 4 'i!?a7 gi + 5
SOLUTI O N S
E82I
TO
E 8-26
'i!?a6 1c'ifg6+ 6. 1c'ifb6 +-]

3 Wb:z.+ c;!;lc7
[3 . . . . a6 4 1tta 2+ b5 5 1c'ifbi + 1tt x bi 6.
b81c'if+ + - ;
3 . . . c5 4 a7 1<'ifh7 5 1c'ifb6+ c4 6 . a6 + - ]
4 Wh:z.+ ! Wxhz 5 b8W+ I-o.
0 E8-21
Josef Vancura, I92.6

I. c;!;le7 !
[1. d7 b7 2. d6 b6 3 d5 b5 4 d4
@b4 5 d3 b3 6. d2 Ei.a2 8]
The key position of this study : reciprocal
zugzwang.
[7. Ei.ei (7. d3 Ei.a8 -+) 7 . . . Ei.a8 -+]
I . . . . c;!;la7
[1 . . . . b7 2. d7 !)
z. c;!;le6 ! c;!;la6 3 c;!;les !;>as 4 c;!;le4 c;!;la4 5
e3 c;!;la3 6. c;!;>dz
[6. e2 ga2 (6 . . . . a2 7 d2) 7 d3 b3
8. d2 8 ; 6. e4 ga2 (6 . . . . a2 7 e3 =) 7
@dJ = ]
6 . . . . c;!;lb3 7 c;!;ld3 .l:!az 8 . c;!;>dz 0 .l:!a8 9
!!xcz = '-h-'-h.
I49
0 E8-24
Kasparov - Yusupov, Linares 1993

I02. .E!.e7 + :
White does not fi n d the right plan. H e tries to
force the enemy king from the a-pawn, but he
can't drive it far enough away. The winning strat
egy was completely different: White should have
used the poor position of Black's king at the edge
of the board to force zugzwang. 102. Ei.d8 ! c7
IOJ. Ei.d4 'i!?b7 104. Ei.d7+ 'i!?c8 105. c6 Ac2 106.
Ei.d4 .Ub3 (106 . . . . b8 107. b6 +-) 107. b6
was correct and Black is in zugzwang.
Ioz. . . . c;!;lc8 I03. c;!;lc6 c;!;>d8 ! = 104 .l:!d7+
c;!;le8 105. c;!;lc7 Acz Io6 .l:!dz Ab3 107 .E!.e:z.+
c;!;lf7 Io8. c;!;>d6 Ac4 Io9 .E!.e7+ c;!;>f8 110 .l:!e4
Ab3 III. c;!;>d7 c;!;>f7 112. .l:!f4+ c;!;>g6 113 c;!;>d6
c;!;lgs 114. c;!;les c;!;lg6 115 .E!.f3 c;!;lg7 116 .E!.f6 Ac4
117. c;!;lfs Ab3 118. c;!;lgs Acz '-h-'-h.
o ES-25
Leonid Kubbel, I92.7

I. a6 ! e3 2.. a7 ez 3 a8W eiW 4 Wds+ c;!;lb4 5
Wd3 0 Wai [5 . . . . 1c'ifc1 6. Wa3+ 'i!?c4 7 b3+ + - ;
5 . . . a4 6 . 1c'ifa3#; 5 . . . 1ttf2 6. 1<'ifCJ+ a4 7
1<'ifaJ#.]
6. WCJ+ c;!;la4 7 b3+ +- I-o.
0 E8-22
Henri Rinck, I92.6

I . !!c7+ .l:!d7 [I . . . . e8 2. 1c'ifc6 + + - ; I . . . . e6
2. 1c'ife3+ d5 J. 1ttd 3+ e6 4 1<'ife4+ d6 5
c6+ d7 6. 1tte 6#; I . . . . d6 2. 1c'ifc5 + e6 J.
e7#] z. Wcs+ c;!;>d8 ! [2. . . . 'i!?e8 J. 1c'ife5+ 'i!?d8 4
xd7+ +-] 3 c;!;>h6 ! 0 [J . . . . Ei.xc7 4. 1c'iff8+ + - ;
3 . . . 1c'if x q 4 1c'iff8#; J . . . . 1c'ifa8 4 1c'iff8+ x c7
s. 1c'ifxa8; 3 . . . 1c'ifb2 4 fi.c8#.] I-0.
0 E8-23
Abram Gurvich, I92.7

1. e4 ! d3 [1. . . . g11<'if+ 2. C0f2+ +-] z. Wfz !!
xfz 3 CDg3+ ! c;!;lgi 4 tDgs 0 CDhg4 [ 4 . . .
<'t:Jd3 5 coh3#] 5 tDfJ# I-o.
0 E8-26
Yusupov - Kotronias, Bundesliga 1996/97

82.. A x d6 :
This only leads to a draw.
I nstead, the winning plan runs as follows :
transfer the bishop to d8 (with the help of the
king), play the pawn to f6, the bishop to e7
and win the d-pawn without losing the f-pawn.
To achieve this, White has to force Black into
zugzwang.
[82 . .Uh4 !
A) 82. . . . Acs! 83. 'i!?d7 .Ua3 84. ii,q Acs Bs. f6
Aa3 (85 . . . . .Ud4 86. xd6 +-) 86. Axd6 + - ;
B) 8 2. . . . e8 83. c7 ! Ab4 8 4. .Ug5 8 Ac5 85.
Ads ! (85. cB .Ub6) 85 . . . . kb4 86. cB 1&c5
(86 . . . . kCJ 87. f6 .Ue5 88. Ae7 Ag3 8g. 'i!?c7
Aes go. c6 8 f7 91. d7 8) 87. f6 .Ub4 88.
150
SOLU T I O N S
lJ,e7 !J,q Bg. <tlq Ae5 go. <tlc6 <tlf7 91. <tld7 8
Ag3 (91. . . . Ab2 92. <tl x d6) 92. A x d6 +- J
8z
Abz 83. Ag3 f6 84. d6 x f5 85.
Ah4 Ac3 86. d7 Aa5 87. d6 g6 88. e7
. . . and after ten more moves a draw was agreed.
. . .
'12-'12.
D E8-27
Piket - Adams, Wijk aan Zee 2.001

6I. Wxe6+ xe6 6z. h4 Aes 63. f4 0
A situation of reciprocal zugzwang. White to
move would lose because of 64. <tlg3 <tld5 65.
<tlh4 <tle4 oder 65. g5 h5 66. f5 <tle5 67. g6 <tlx f5
68. g7 Af7. This endgame is analysed in Mark
Dvoretsky's book 'School of Chess Excellence 1.
Endgame Analysis'.
63
Af7 64. g3 d5 65. g5
The waiting move 63. . . . lJ,f7 only worsened
Black's position : after 65 . . . . h5 66. f5 <tle5 67. g6
the bishop is attacked.
E8-27 TO E8-29
[ o62 . . . . Ae7 63. iJ,d2 (63. <tlh3 Ah4 64. Ad2

Af2 65. !J,q .Ue3 66. <tlg3 .Uc1 - + ; 63 . .Ub2
Ah4+ 64. <tff3 lJ,ei) 63 . . . . lJ,h4+ 64. <tff3 .Uf6
65. !J,e3 <tlh4 -+ ]
63. Aai Ag7 64. Abz Afs 65. Aci Ae7 66 .
Adz Ah4+ 67. 6
[ 67. <tfh3 .Uf2 68. ACJ 1le3 6g. <tfg3 .UCI - +]
67. . . . Af6 68. Ae3 h4
The king's breakthrough decides the game.
69. Af2+ h3 70. Ae3 Ah4 7I. Adz h1
7z. Ac3 gi 73 Adz Afz 74 Aci fi !
( 74 . . . 1lx d4 75 Ae3+ .U x e3 76. <tf x e3 <tffi
77 <tld4 <tle2 78. <tle5 <tl x d3 79 <tld6 d4 So.
<tlxc6 -.:t ]
75 Abz Aei
[ 75 . . . lJ,h4 76 . .Uc3 Ae1 -+ ]
76. Aai
( 76. <tfe3 <tfg2 t. Ah4, <tlg3-g4, !J,g3 - + ]
76 . . . . Adz 77 g3 ez 78. h4 Axf4
79 h5 Adz So. g6 f4 o-I.
'12-'12.
D E8-28
Foldi - Lukacs, Hungary 1975

A typical zugzwang position. White has to pro
tect the f4 and d4 pawns and to defend the h4
square. Both kings are ideally placed. It isn't diffi
cult to find corresponding squares for the bishops
(reciprocal zugzwang positions) : f6-f2, fs-f2 or
d2.
59 Adz
59 <tlg3? Afs 6o. <tlh3 Ae7 61. !J,f2 is bad because
of lJ,f6 8.
Correct was 59 Aci !! Afs (59 . . . !J,g7 6o. Ae3 !)
6o. Ad2! 8 Ae7 61. Ae1 !J,ds 62. !J,g3 (62. 1lf2??
lJ,f6 8) 62. . . . Af6 63. JJ,f2 0 = .
59
Afs ! 0 6o. Aei
[ 6o. Ae3 Ae7 61. !J,f2 .Uf6 8]
6o
Ag7 6I. Aq
[ 61. !J,f2 lJ,f6 8 J
6I
Af6 6z. g3 !
[ 62. !J,b2 !J,h4 -+ J
6z
Ahs!
.
D E8-29
I. f5 !
If 1 . El.g7 El.c4 2 . <tld7 (2 . El.g5 El.f4! 3 <tle7 <tlc2 4
<tle6 <tld2 5 <tle5 <tle3 ! 6. El.gs <tlf3 -+ ), then 2.
. . . El.e4 ! 3 <tld6 <tlc2 4 <tld5 <tld3 ! 5 ga7 <tle3 6.
El.a3+ <tff4 -+.
To understand this endgame let's examine an
other move: 1. El.f4 g3 2. Tig4 gC3 3 <tff7 <tfc2 4
<tlg6 <tld2 5 <tlh5 <tle2 6. <tlh4 <tlf2 7 <tlh3 El.[J ! 8.
Reciprocal zugzwang, an important motif in this
endgame. ( White has to get this position with himself
to move. Then after B
fl.fg he can save himself with
a stalemate combination: g. El.f4 + ! x f4 stalemate.)
s. El.g7 fs - + .
I, . . . g3
( 1. . . . <tlc3 2. El.g5 El.c4 3 <tlf7 <tld3 4 <tlg6 ! <tle3
5 <tlh5 ! <tl[J 6. <tlh4 El.f4 7 El.a5 g3+ s. <tlh3 = ]
z. g5 C3 3 6 ! cz 4 g6 dz S
h5 ez 6. h4 fz 7 h3 f3
[ 7 . . . El.a3 s. El.gs]
8. g4 0 f8 9 f4+ xf4 stalemate
.
SOLUT I O N S
E S-30
TO
E S-32
ISI
0 E8-3o
Bernhard Horwitz, I88s

9 <i!?cs !
e7 is the ideal square for Black. Therefore White
waits. [9. 'i!i>b8 = 'i!i>d8 Io. tt::Jb 7+ 'i!i>d7 0]
9 . . . <i!?es
(9 . . . . 'i!i>d6 10. 'i!i>b8 'i!i>d7 I I . tt::Jb 7 0]
The important reciprocal zugzwang.
Io. c4 ! <i!?e7
[ 1 0 . . . . hi I I. ctJd6+ followed by ctJb7)
u. <i!?bs <i!?ds
(II . . . . 'i!i>d7 I2. ctJb6+ +-)
u.. as <i!?d7 I3 b7 ! 0 <i!?c6 I4. <i!?xas
C7 IS d6 +- I-0.
D E8-31

:z.. <i!?c4 !
The key squares: b6 and d7.
The corresponding squares: I) cs-q ; 2) ds-d8 ;
3) d6-c8 ; C4-C8 ; d4-c8.
2. 'i!i>d4 ! 'i!i>cs 3 'i!i>c4! +- also wins, but not 2. 'i!i>d6
'i!i>cs 3 c7 because of 3 . . . a4 4 bxa4 as 0 =
:z.. . . . c8 3 d4 ! +
Triangulation.
3 . . . <i!?ds
(3 . . . . 'i!i>c7 4 'i!i>cs]
.
4 <i!?ds ! <i!?cs S d6 <i!?ds 6. c7+ <i!?cs 7

<i!?c6 a4 8. bxa4 as 9 <i!?h6 0 +-.
0 E8-32
Andre Cheron, I92.6

Black's pieces are ideally placed for the defence.
The winning method is easy : White has to give
Black the move.
I. l:!b:z.
[ I . 'i!i>e4 El.e8+ 2. <i!i>fs El.d8 3 'i!i>es El.e8+ 4 'i!i>f6
El.d8 s. El.di 'i!i>b6 6. 'i!i>e7 El.ds 7 'i!i>e6 El.hs 8. ftc I
El.h6+ = J
I
a4 :z.. l:!b7
(2. ds El. xds+ 3 'i!i>c4 'i!i>a3]
:z.. . . . <i!?as 3 !!hi 0 <i!?a6
(A) 3 . . . El.d7 4 'i!i>e4 ./J.e7+ 5 <i!i>fs l"td7 6. 'i!i>es
l"te7+ 7 'i!i>d6 + - ;
B ) 3 . . . 'i!i>a4 4 ds! El. x ds+ 5 'i!i>c4 + - ;
C ) 3 . . . El.h8 4 d s l"th4 s . d6 !
CI) 5 . . . .l'!h6 6. 'i!i>d4 .t! x d6+ 7 'i!i>cs + - ;
C2) 5 . . . 'i!i>a4 6 . d 7 .t!hs 7 'i!i>c4 + - ;
C3) s . . . . l"tg4 6 . d7 1"tg8 7 'i!i>d4 .t!ds 8 . 'i!i>cs + - ;
C 4 ) s . . . . 'i!i>a6 6. d 7 .t! h s 7 'i!i>d4 El.ds 8. <i!i>ds
l"t xd7+ 9 'i!i>c6 +-.
4 <i!?e4 l:!e8+ S fs l:!d8 6. <i!?es l:!e8+ 7
<i!?d6 l:!d8+ 8. <i!?c6 ! +-.
152
C H A P T E R 8 Z U G Z WANG
Score tab l e
N
Po i nt s
12
Po i n t s
23
13
24
14
25
15
26
16
27
17
28
18
29
19
30
20
31
10
21
32
11
22
Poi n t s
Your Poi nts
You r Poi nts
total
Poi n t s
Pl ayi n g S t r e n g t h
beg i n n e r
4-
9 poi n t s
ELO
800 - 1000
10 - 19 poi n t s
ELO 1000 - 1 500
20 - 2 9 po i nt s
ELO 1 5 00 - 1800
30 - 3 9 poi n t s
ELO 1800 - 2 100
40 - 60 poi n t s
ELO 2 100 - 2 300
6 1 - 70 poi n t s
ELO 2 300 - 2400
7 1 - 8 1 poi n t s
ELO above 2 400
81
You r Points
153
9 I m proving Piece Position

There is a wel l -known sayi ng: ' I f one piece is
bad, the whole position is bad . ' Wh ile many
amateurs try to attack with just a couple of
pieces, more experienced players know that
one should bring as many pieces as possible
into pl ay. M o reover, strong p l ayers wi l l try
to maxi m ise the effectiveness of their pieces
by ensuring that they are wel l -coord i nated,
as wel l as putti ng them on their most active
posts. The abi l i ty to bring p ieces to thei r
best positi o n s i s the m ai n weapon of the
positional player.
Tigran Petros ian - Robert Fischer

Portoroi 1958
153
D
a
6
-.---==--------
4
3
2
4
3
--;;;;.=--
Tigran Petros ian - Alexey Suetin

Riga 1958
154
D
a
H e re's another exam p l e of Petrosian's

positional art:
1
h
34. Cbc2 1
Fischer p raised this regro u p r ng ( th e
kn ight i s h ead i ng for a s p l e n d i d square i n
the centre ) a n d said that d u ri n g the game
he was i m p ressed by Petrosian's abil ity to
keep on i m p rovi ng his positi o n .
. . . and o n l y Fischer's gri tty defence allowed

him to save the game.
An i n cred i b ly strong m anoeuvre. The

bishop n o l onger stares i n to space but wi l l
move to c 3 to exert p ressure o n the es pawn .
At the same ti m e i t p rotects the q u eenside
pawns and attacks the pawn o n as. After
Ac3, E1.e1 and Cbg3-h5 the p awn on es wi l l
d i sappear.
28 . ... E1.fd8 29. Aq a4 30. E1-e1 E1.ac8 31.

E1-b7 1 E1-ds
l f 31 . . . . f1.b8 ?, then 32. f1. xg7+ 't9 xg7 33.
A x es+ .
The altern atives were n o better: 32.

Ad7 33 E1. x h6 ! ; or 32 . . . . E1.e8 33 tLld6.
33 Cbd6 E1.ds 34 Cbfs

That's even stronger than 34 tlJ x bs.
C H A P T E R 9 I M P RO V I N G P I E C E P O S ITION
1 54
34 ... h7 35. l'!b7 l'!8d7 36. l'! x d7 l'! x d7

37 qjxg7 xg7 38. l'! x e5 g6 39. l'! x b5 +and Wh i te won two p awns. I n spite of
the bishops of o pposite col o u r, Petrosian
won the game with ease.
* * *
For mere mortals, devising a plan l i ke this is

not easy. However, one idea m ight hel p : the
principle of the 'worst piece'. Loo k at you r
army. F i n d either the worst- placed p i ece
or one that is u ne m p l oyed , and try to i m
prove its positi o n . The effect o f such an ac
tion is someti mes astonish i ng: the 'sleepi ng'
piece can generate so m uch activity that it
changes the bal ance of the position .
Anatoly Karpov - Boris Spassky

Leningrad 1974
155
0
27. ... .!!fs 28. qjd2 Ads

lf28 . . . . :Bae8, then 29. qjf3 Ad8 30. :Bd2.
29. qjf3
Wh ite concludes his manoeuvre. Black's
p i eces ( lL!b4 and Ah4) h ave been pushed
back and the kn ight s u pports the penetra
tion of the m ajor pieces.
29 . ... f6 30 . .!!d 2 l Ae7

30 . . . . lL!bs 31. lLlgs ! .
31. We6 1 .!!ad8 32 . .!! x d8 Axd8

O r 32 . . . . :B x d8 33 lLJ x es Wq 34 lr!1f7 +
'i:9h8 35 Wxe7 'r!:J x es+ 36. 'r!:Jxes fx es 37:Bf6 +-.
33 .!!d 1 l qjbs 34 Ac5 .!!h8 35 .!! x d8 1

Black resigned because of35 . . . . .!! xd8 36.
Ae7 :Be8 37 Wxf6+ 'i:9h6 38. lL!h4 and White
Wi nS.
Alexander Beliavsky - Efim Geller

Minsk 1979
24. qjb1 !
The kn ight had no pu rpose at c3 : Karpov
wants to bring it i n to play on f3.
24. ... Wb7 25. c;;,h 2 !
So as to control the g3 square.
25 . ... g7 26. C3 qJa6 27. l'!e2 !

Threatening 28. g3 Af6 29. :Bef2 :Bd6 30.
Ag5.
All Black's pieces stand wel l , apart from

the bishop on b7. Time to bring it i nto play.
25 . ... !!aS !
1 55
To activate the bishop, the rook h as to

move offside for a m o m en t, b u t the 'we l l
rested ' bishop comes i n to play with ad ded
energy.
26. a4?
26. A x e4 d x e4 + wou ld have been better,
but Black sti l l has a cl ear advan tage.
26 . ... Aa6 27. Wb3 AC4 -+

and Black had a decisive material advan
tage.
Ventzislav l n kiov -J an Ambroz

Baile Herculane 1982
157
D
a
7
6
5
4
3
'iiV
a
.i.. I.

tt:J
8
7
6
5
54 x f4 Wh2+ 55 e3 lLlf5+ 56. e2 lZ:ld7

perm its cou n terplay) 53 . . . . \!'ifxg5 54 \!'ifd6
(54 l2J x d5 ?? f4+ ) B l ack is i n zugzwang: 54
. . . \!'ifh6+ 55 g2 \!'ifg5+ 56. f1 \!'1h4 57. lZ:l xd5
A x d5 58. A x d5 + e8 59 \!'ifb8+ d7 6o. e6+
l2J x e6 61 . \!'ifd 6+ e8 62. Ax e6 and White
wms;
Worse was 52 . . . . \!'ife1 + 53 h3 \!'iff1+ be
cause of 54 Ag2 +-.
53 xd5 l with a wi n n i ng positi o n .

* * *
How can you improve your positional play? One

method is to study the games of strong play
ers. You ' l l fi n d that many manoeuvres recur
and these can be u sed in you r own games.
Here, for example, i s a rook lift - a common
m anoeuvre in the m i d d legame.
lev Psakh is - Valery Chekhov
Vilnius 1980
4
3
2
8
7
6
5
The b ishop on e3 is Wh ite's worst-pl aced

piece (Wh i te's king is also p assive, b u t no
body expects heroic deeds from H i s Majesty
i n the m i d d legam e ! ) . Wh i te b ri ngs the
bishop to a3 to s u p po rt the other p i eces
in the attack.
51. Ac1 !
Idea Aa3.
51 . ... Wb1 52. Aa3 Wb7

Now Black's position fal l s apart.
52 . . . . Wg1+ wou l d h ave been stronger,
but after the powerfu l 53. h3 ! (53 lLlg2 f4+
4
3
2
1
.1.
1. 1.
I. .i..
tt:J
VJJI
6
5
'i!V
4
3
<;b
Bl ack wants more than perpetual check,

but the q ueen needs s u p p o rt. He e m p l oys
a typical rook m anoeuvre.
17. ... !!a6 !!

Black bri ngs the rook i nto the attack via
the sixth rank.
C H A PT E R 9 I M P ROVI N G P I E C E P O S I T I O N
Some rou nds later, my friend Lev Psakhis

also carried out this manoeuvre agai nst me.
The only m ove. 18. A x es l oses to 18 . . . .
lLld4, and Wh ite cannot parry the threat of
i!h6.
18 . ... \hce4 19. !!g1
Lev Psakhi s - Artu r Yus upov

Vilnius 1980
159
0
a
19. A x es lLld4 20. 1[:31hs l0f3+ 21 . 'i!i>g3

!!g6+ 22. '&fxg6 h xg6 (22 . . . . '&fxg6+ 23. 'i!;>xf3
'&'c6+ 24. 'i!i>g3 1[:31xcs + i s also strong) 23.
A x f8 ? 1(:31f4+ wou l d n 't h ave been any bet
ter.
8
7
6
5
4
19 . ... Wh4+ l
19 . . . . A x e3 20. ttJ x e3 l0d4 wou l d not
have been as good because of 21. gg4! oo .
20. c;;,g2 d4 ! 21 . cxd4

21 . tlJxes wou l d not h ave ch anged m at
ters: 21 . . . . lt::l x b3 22. a x b3 A x e3 23. fxe3
1[:31gs+ 24. tLlg4 hs.
21 . ... exd4 ! 22. Ags

If 22. Ad2, then 22 . . . . !!g6+ 23. 'i!i>f1 '&'h3+
24. 'i!i>e2 d3+ wi n n i ng; And after 22. Ac1
Chekhov gives the fol l owing wi n ni ng p l a n
for Black: 2 2 . . . . gg6+ 23. 'i!i>f1 '&fh3+ 2 4 . 'i!i>e2
d3+ 25. '&fxd3 '&fxd3+ 26. 'i!;> x d3 g x g1 -+ ; i f
2 2 . '&'f3 d x e3 23. lt::l x e3 i!f6 2 4 . gh1, then 24.
. . . '&'gs+ 25. '&'g3 A x e3 26. fx e3 '&'fs 27. !!af1
'&'e4+ 28. i!f3 !!g6 and Black wins.
22 . ... Wxgs+ 23. c;;,f1 Wfs -+

and B l ack h as fou r p awns for the p i ece
as wel l as a d angerous attack. The position
is won for Black.
White wan ts to conti n u e h i s develop

m ent, b u t 12. b3 ? weakens the c3 square.
12. Ae3 is poss i b l e , b u t then what is to be
done with the rook on a1 ? Psakh is fi nds the
i deal sol ution .
12. l'!.a3 l
The rook wi l l find a great square on e3.
12 . ... d7 13. l'!.e3 des 14. g4 l Ae6 15.

f3 f6 16. b3 h6 17. Wd4 Wq 18 . .!!.d 1 gadS
19. Ab2
White has d eveloped his pieces wel l and
h as the b i s h o p pair. He h as a clear advan
tage.
But I learned something from this defeat.
157
Artu r Yusu pov - G regor Mai n ka

B undesliga 1993!94
160
D
b
7
6
5
.l
.l
2
1
'!JJJI
Wh i te p reven ts es-e4 and activates h i s

rook i n a s i m i l ar way to the l ast example.
1 9 . a4 !
19. fe1 wou l d have been weaker because
of 19 . . . . e4 with the idea Aes.
1 9 . . . . Acs
I f 19 . . . . e4, then s i m p ly 20. A x f6 15'xf6
21 . x e4 with advantage.
20. g4 1
An im portant push to gai n control of e4
for the rook.
20 . ... ads 21. gs tiJds 22. e4 tiJf4?

22 . . . . li:J x c3 23. b x c3 wou l d h ave been
better.
23. \'Mg4 g6
Th i s loses i m mediately, but after 23 . . . .
15'd 6 24. g6 h xg6 25. x f4 e x f4 26. fxg6 +
Black's position would also have been hope
less.
24. xes 1-o.
Artu r Yus upov - Edvi ns Kengis

Moscow 1983
161
D
M ake way for the rook !
21. a3 l h8 22. g3 l
Th reate n i ng 23. li:Jh6 gh6 24. 15'hs.
22 . ... g8
22 . . . . Af8 wou l d have been a mistake because of 23. lLJ x h6 gxh6 24. 15'g4 and wi n s ;
Li kewise 2 2 . . . . Aa6, d u e t o 23. 15'e4.
23. ttJc4 Ads

23 . . . . Aa6 ? 24. 15'e4.
24. h3 Af8 2S. b3 A x c4?l

A m istake i n a d i fficult position.
26. bxc4 d x es 27. Wxes

H ere Bl ack resigned because of 27- . . . f6
28. 15'xe6 15'xd4 29. 15'fs g6 30. 15'xf6+ 15'xf6
31. li:J x f6 +- .
1-0.
C H A P T E R 9 I M P ROV I N G P I E C E P O S I T I O N
E 9-3
E g-2
.t. .l .l
6
5
E 9-4
i1
IIl
*
a
.t.
.l
.. .
.i. .l .l .l
.l
{jj
{jj 'fif

E X E RC I S E S
1 59
E 9-5
rn
*
a
E 9-7
*
a
E 9-6
*
a
E 9-8
..
**
a
8
7
!60
C H A P T E R 9 I M P RO V I NG P I EC E POSITION
E 9-9
a
8
7
n
5
+
3
2
E 9-10
a
8
7
11
**
a
'iV A
Jt
...
n
c
E 9-12
rn
**
rn
**
E 9-11
Jt
11
7
6
3
2
EX E RC I S ES
161
E 9-13
a
.!.
6
5
4
3 /j,
2
E 9-15
.l .t. .l 7
.. ,.. 6
5
4
[I]
**
7
6
5
4
4
3
2
2
b
E 9-14
a
1
a
[I]
**
[I]
**
E 9-16
a
[I]
**
7
6
5
4
3
2
7
6
5
r-,
r .= ....-=-1-.
2
a
3
2
a
I62
CHAPTER 9 I M P ROVI NG PIECE POSITION
E 9-17
a
rn
**
E 9-19
8
7
7
6
4
3
2
.1.
tjj fj,
h
8
.i..
I.
3
2
E g-20
**
a
rn
**
**
3
2
163
E X E RC I S E S
E 9-21
a
8
7
6
.l
.l
.l .l
.l dt .l
:g
a
WI
c
E 9-22
***
h
8
E 9-23
jV
.!.
***
tb
***
E 9-24
iL
:g :g
f
***
CHAPTER 9 I M PROVING PIECE POSITION
16 4
E 9-25
a
rn
***
E 9-27
3
2
Jflj
a
E g-26
a
8
7
{[j
c
E g-28
.1.
.t .t..
.t
.. .
11
e
**
11
***
.I
.t .t .t
7
6
5
4
{[j

3
2
11
***
E X E RC I S E S
16 5
E 9-29
a
8
7
.!.
I.
6
5
4
E 9-30
a
8
7
6
.t.
:a:
.1.
..
... . ...
... .
... .
5
4
3
2
1
.i.
iL ttJ
:a:
'i
a
ttJ
:a:
f
fJ
*****
1
a
fJ
*****
E 9-31
iL
:a:
a
.* .t. ttJ .t.

3
2
[1]
****
E 9-32
a
rn
.t. .t.
.1.
8
7
iL iL
{D
******
. ..
I.
5
4
3
:a:
g
2
1
S O L U T I O N S E g - I TO Eg-IO
!66
Sol u tions
0 E9-1
0 E 9 -6
Vulfson - Yusupov, Moscow 1976

21. . . . hs!
Black missed the chance to improve the position
of his bishop. 22. c#;>g2 g6 23. h4 1Lh6 + .
This was the correct continuation :
:u
Wa7+ ! u. g:z. Ae3 2.3. We:z. Ad4 :z.4.
.l3.afi cs :z.s. xes Wxcs + 6 ITaa-ba-b4.
Glienke - Yusupov, Plovdiv 1983

2.1 . . . . .l3.a7 ! [ 6 ITa7-f7] :z.:z.. hi [22. Wxe6
1L xe3+ 23. h1 iLea 24. Wd6 cxd4 +] 2.2.. . . .
.l3.af7 2.3 . .l3.agl (23. W x e6 iLea 24. Wd6 Wxd6
25. exd6 Jl xe3 +] 2.3 . . . . We7 + [ 6 L1f2] 2.4.
Wg3 ! cxd4 ! :z.s. cxd4 Wb4 :z.6. Ab1 Afi ! (26 .
. . . W xb2 27. CLJe4 oo] 2.7. xfi .l3.xfi :z.8. Wh4
.l3.xgi+ 2.9 .l3.xgi Wxb:z. -+ 30. e4 (30. We7
Wf2 31. '8'xe6 '8ff3+ 32 . .l"i:g2 xe3 -+]
30 . . . .
Wxd4 31. Wg4 Wxes 32.. exds exds 33 Wh3
d4 0-1.
D E 9 -2
Vaganian - Yusupov, Yerevan (zt) 1982

Black brings his worst piece, the knight on g6,
into play.
f8 ! [ 6 CLJe6-cs] 2.9. Wb4 (29. e4 ltJe7
:z.8
30. cs bs 31. es iLds 00 l 2.9
e6 = 30. Ae4
Wd6 31. Ac:z. cs ( 3 1 . . . . Wd2 32. Wb1 h6 33
fs ct:Jcs 34 P:d, +-] 32. Wb1 h6 33 .l3.di We7
1/2-%.
0 E 9 -7
Groszpeter - Kupreichik, Minsk 1982

2.1 . . . . .l3.a6 ! [ 6 ITg6] 2.2. .l3.fdl .l3.g6 2.3. Wez
Ad6 ! [6Wes] 2.4. Ac4 Wes :z.s. g3 f4 :z.6. exf4
W x f4 - ( 6 e3, 6 1Lcs] 2.7 .l3.xd6 W x d6 :z.S.
Wxe4 Wcs -+.
D E9-3
Yusupov - Martini, Chicago 1983

I4 df) ! [ l:. lLJes] I4 . . . . h6 IS es ! hxgs
I6. fxgs .l3.c7 (16 . . . . CLJ6d7 1 7. l2J x f7 Wc7 1a.
'i:ifhs + - ; 16 . . . . CLJe4 '7 ct:Jxf] 'i:ifc7 ,a. 'i:ifhs f6
19. g6 ct:Jxg6 20. CLJh6+ gxh6 21. '8'xg6+ +-] I7.
gxf6 Axf6 18 .l3.f:z. .
0 E9-8
Kasparov - Yusupov, Leningrad 1977

17 . . . . Wc8 ! 18. Wg3 e7 ! Standard regroup
ing. The knight goes ro g6 to defend the kingsidc
and to control the central square es. 19. es (19.
1Lxh6 ct:Jfs -+ ] 19 . . . . Axes :z.o .l3.xes g6 =
%-%.
D E9-4
Yusupov - Hulak, Indonesia 1983

I6. gs ! A typical manoeuvre. The idea is
68de4 or ct:Jge4. 16 . . . . g6 (16 . . . . h6 17. ct:Jge4 ;!;; ]
17. f4 ! ds I8. W6 d4 19. Wh3 - .
D E9-5
Yusupov - Slutzky, Moscow 1983

:z.8. as ! [ 6 CLJc6] :z.8.
b6 2.9. We:z. Ad4
30. cxbs a4 3I .l3.bci C3 32.. Wei f6 33
c6 +- Axc6 34 dxc6 a4 3S .l3.fs h7 36.
Wd:z. .l3.c7 37 .l3.cfi e8 38. Ac4 g7 39 .l3.f6
I-0,
0 E 9-9
Vilela - Yusupov, Cienfuegos 1979

2.7 . . . . cs !-+ [ 6 ct:Jd3 ; 27. . . . R:d6 2a. ITxd6
cxd6 +] :z.8. dxcs [2a. ITg6 ct:J x a4 - + ; 2a . .l"i:es
CLJd3 - + ] :z.8 . . . . .l3. x dl 2.9. We4 ! (29. IT xh6+
gxh6 30. Wxd1 Wfs -+] :z.9. . . . Wxhs [ 6 Wh1#]
0-1.
0 E9-10
Yusupov - Spasov, Skara 1980

:z.o. e1 !
White wants to bring his knight to b4 or f4 ro
exchange Black's strong knight.
SOLUTIONS
E 9-II
TO
E918
20
1"!b7 2I. eDd3 as 22. a3 ! [22. .c6 ! a4
23. d1 would have been better.] 22
a4 23.
Wa2 Wd7 24. eDf4 ;1;; [24. ctJb4 I'Llb6 ! L. ctJc4]
I-0.
0 E9-11
Yusupov - Tukmakov, Yerevan (zt) 1982

33 ACl4 ! +- [ L. c2] 33
Af4 34 Ac2 We6
3S Ah4! g7 36. g3 Ah6 37 Ae7 ! I-o.

'i!;>g8 28. g7#]

2I. Wh3
[ L. 22. g4!]
2I
fs
[2r. . . . P:d6 22. g4 ! Hcd8 (22 . . . . .ds 23. Axg6
L. 24. gxhs +-) 23. gxhs .xd3 24 . .xd3 Hxd3
25. hxg6 fxg6 26. h8+ 'l!;>f7 27. I'Lles+ +-]
22. Ac4 1"!xd1+ 23. 1"!xdi f7 24. e4!
[24. Her]
24
Wf4 2s. 1"!e1 Wg4 26. exfs Wxc4 27.
fxg6+ eS
[27. . . . 'l!;> xg6 28. f-( x e6+ 'i!;>f7 29 . . x c6 +-]
28. g7 ! es 29. Wxhs+ d7 3o. 1"!d1+ Ad6
3I. Axes CDd4 32.. CDxd4 I-o.
0 E9-12
Yusupov - Adorjan, Toluca (izt) 1982

I4
CDb8 ! [ L.I'Llc6-b4] Is. 1"!di CDc6 I6. 1"!bi
[16. ds exds 17. exds I'Llb4 <] I6
CDb4 [16 . . . .
l2J xd4 17. l2J xd4 xd4 18. l.Lc2 cs 19. e3 ]
I7. Aa3 as ! [ 1 7. . . . I'Ll x d3 18. H x d3 A xa3 19.
.! h a3 bs! = (Adorjan)] I8. Abs 1"!c8 .
. .
0 E9-16
Taimanov - Botvinnik, Moscow 1952

zs. Aci !! [ L. a3, xg6] zs
1"!fs z6. Aa3
1"!aes 27. Wg3 - gs [27. . . . 'i!;>h7 28. hs ! +-]
zs. Axe7 1"!xe7 2.9. 1"!xfs 1"!xfs 30. Axfs CDf4
[30 . . . . gxh4 31. xh4 +-] 3I. Wxgs +- 1"!xes
p. dxes W x di+ 33 h2 Wd2 [33- . . . ctJe2
34 e6+ 'i!;>fs 35 fs+ 'l!;>e7 36. f7+ 'i!;>d8 37
f8 + 'l!;>c7 38. Wc8#] 34 Ae6+ h7 [34 . . .
'i!;>f8 35 fs+ 'l!;>e7 36. f7+ i;>d8 37 f8+ 'l!;>q
38. c8#] 3S Axc4 g6 36. Ae6 ! Black resigned
due to : 36. s1e6 e3 37 e7+ 'i!;>h6 38. f8+
'i!;>h7 39 g8+ 'i!;>h6 40. h8#. I-0.
0 E9-13
Beliavsky - Yusupov, Moscow 1983

20. CDbi ! [ L.l2Jbd2-bJ, x c6 J 20
1"!acS ! [ o 20.
. . . .ec8 21. l':la2 d6 22. .!hc2 as 23. l2Jbd2 J4 ;!;
(Beliavsky)] 2I. 1"!a2 ! [21. I'Llbd2 cs! 22. d x cs
El. xcs = ] 2I
CDh4 22. CD x h4 W x h4 23.
CDd2 .
0 E9-14
Baturin - Yusupov, Riga 1984

Ac2 ! [L.e4] 34. 1"!ei Ae4 3s. 1"!e3 fs 36.
33
Wgs Wf7 37 Wh4 1"!d1+ 3S. h2 1"!d2 -+ 39
gi h7 40. 1"!g3 g6 4I. 1"!gs C3 42. Aei Ac6
43 1"!g3 Wes 44 h2 Wxei o-I.
0 E9-15
Petrosian - Smyslov, Moscow 1961

IS. Wa4 !
White brings the queen into the attack.
IS
1"!fds
[18 . . . . g6 19. e4 ! (19. g4!; 19. h4!)]
I9. We4 g6 20. Wg4 hs
[20 . . . . 'i!fh7 21. xg6+ fxg6 22. x e6 Hf8
23. Hd7 .ce8 (23 . . . . El.c7 24. I'Lles +-) 24. I'Llgs+
h x gs 25. h3+ 'i!fgs 26. h8+ 'l!;>f7 27. f6+
0 E9-17
Taimanov - Flohr, Leningrad 1948

I6. CDbi ! [ L. ctJc3-bs ; 16. ctJe4 fs 1 7. ctJq f4 ! 18.
Axf4 cxd4 19 . . xd4 es 20. fre4 fs 21. l"rq l.Lcs
(Taimanov)] I6
1"!hg8 [16 . . . . fs 17. g3] I7.
g3 cxd4 [017. . . . hs L. r8. h4 fs (Taimanov) ] IS.
A x d4 Acs I9. CDq A x d4 zo. 1"!xd4 CDes u .
1"!cdi 1"!xd4 u. 1"!xd4 [ L. ctJe4] .
0 E9-18
Jansa - Campora, Bor 1983

I7. CDh4 ! [L.h3-g4 ; xg4 ; 17. ds cxds rs. Axf6
gxf6 19. c x ds A x a3 oo ; 1 7. I'Lles fs ;!;) I7
Ahs IS. h3 g s [ 1 8. . . . I'Lld7 19. g4 l.Le7 20. f4
I6S
Axh4 2I. \Sixh4 slg6 22. aei 6ds] I9. f3
[I9. ds sle7 (I9 . . . . gxh4 20. sl x f6 h xg3 21.
Jlxds gxf2+ 22. \Si x h x ds 23. dxe6 1Lcs 24.
e7 Jlxe7 55) 20. dxe6 gxh4 21. Jl x f6 Q x f6 22.
e7 Axe7 23. 1dxe7 hxg3 24. fxg3 ldeS ;!;) I9. . . .
d7 zo. h4 Wp zi. hxgs hxgs u. Aq ! [ 6ds;
6 Qas) zz. . . . a4 Z3 ds es Z4 d x c6 h x c6 ZS
h4 f6 z6. dz ac8 z7. cs .
0 E9-19
Malaniuk - Ivanov, Kostroma 1985

zo. hi ! [ 6 GLJa3-bs] zo . . e8 ZI. a3 fs
[6f4] zz. hxgs hxgs z3. Wdz Ac6 [23 . . . . \31f6
24. hs f4 2s. e x f4 g x f4 26. Jlh4 ! ] z4. hs
hs zs. xhs xhs z6. o-o-o g7 z7. hs
df6 z8. Whz [ 6 d x cs] z8 a3 z9. Wh3 !
( 6 30. dx CS dx CS 3 1 . GLJc7 GLJc7 32. \3fb6] Z9
Axhs 30. cxhs ds 3I. dxcs Wxcs [31. . . . bxcs
32 . .i':X xds! +-] 3z. Aes ! +- g6 33 hi We7
34 Ad4 We6 3S c4 ! c7 36. ci Wd6 37
cxds cxds 38. c6 Wds 39 Ac4 h7 40.
Axds xds 4I. Wdi ! I-o.
0 E9-20
van der Wiel - Day, Grand Manan 1984

I. Wa4 ! [6\31c6, xc7 :!: 1. c4 lLJf6; :!: I. Ah4 ./':Xes
61Ld7] I . . as ( c::::>I . . . . a6] 2.. Wc6 Wd7 (2 . . . .
1dd7? 3 .El.xe6 +-] 3 Axds Wxds 4 Wxds [ :!: 4
\Sixq d7 ! S \31 x b6 J'l.b7 6. Wxas xb2 ] 4
. xds S Axc7 +-.
0 E9-21
Yusupov - Rasin, Moscow 1976

22 . . . . \31d6?!
Instead, Black could have equalised with u .
hs ! z3. x fi d7 =, displacing White's
bishop from its strong position on f6.
23. 't!? x fi es ? 24. dxes lLJ xes 2S. \Sff4 ./':Xes 26.
ldei Wa6+ 27. c4 ! +- I-o.
0 E9-22
Vai:sser - Yusupov, Novosibirsk 1976

I9 . . f7 ! Black brings his king to safety. zo.
SOLUTIONS
E 9-19 TO E 9-27
a4 es zi. Ad3 ds u. hs .E!.hs z3. Wgz c7

z4. hxg6 We6 zs. ez Wxg6 + .
0 E9-23
Taimanov - Yusupov, Moscow 1980

h4 ! [ 6 GLJe8, ha6 ---> ] z4 .E!.g3 (24. f4
z3
e4 +] 24 . e8 2S e4 d4 z6. f4 .E!.ha6 -+ 2.7.
fxes .E!.ai z8 .E!.xf7+ (28. \31f2 .El.Sa2+ 29. 't!?ci
\Sia3 + 30. 't!?d2 l=l. x cH ! - + J z8. . . . Wxf, z9.
Afs We7 o-I.
.
0 E9-24
Gligoric - Yusupov, Vrbas 1980

zs . . . . Wh4 ! ( 6 GLJe7-fs] z9 .E!.fz e7 ! 30. a3
Wcs 3I .E!.dz fs 32 Wh3 g4 -+ 33 Whs and
here, instead of 33 . . . hs (time trouble), Black
could have won after 33 . . . gxf3 34 \31e8 + 't!?C?
3S '!;3!d8 + 't!?c6 36. ed1 (36. gxf3 d4) 36 . . . .
fxg2+ 37 xg2 \Sie7 (37 . . . \Sixes -+) 3S. d6+
\31xd6! 39 exd6 fi + 40. g1 't!?cs#.
0 E9-25
Csom - Yusupov, Luzern (ol) 1982

ZI. gJ ! ( 6 GLJf3, g4) ZI . . . , gs ( 21. . . . ./':Xf7 22.
lLJfJ J'tef8 23. g4 + - ] zz. f3 .E!.f7 Z3. g4 h4+
z4. xh4 gxh4 zs. f) ! .E!.ef8 2.6. Ah4 ! We6 z7.
Aei ( xh4] .
0 E9-26
Yusupov - Tseshkovsky, Minsk 1982

I3 . . . . hs ! [ 6 c6, lLJd7] I4. Wh3 [I4. b4 c6 Is.
GLJc3 e4 +] I4 . . . . .E!.a7 + IS e4 [ Is. d2!?) IS
. . . f4 ! I6. gxf4 Axds I7. cxds exf4 + IS. 6 D
Wf6 I9. Adz Wd4+ 20. hi d7 o-I.
0 E9-27
Seirawan - Yusupov, Istanbul (ol) 2000

zo . . . . fs ! [ 6ctJd7-b6-c4] zi. h3 Wa3 zz.
Wei (22. 1Llcs Jlxcs +] u. . . . d7 23 .E!.cz Was !
Z4 ei ! h6 zs. d3 c4 + ( x a2, e) .
SOLUTIONS
E 9-28
TO
E 9-32
0 E9-28
Beliavsky - Yusupov, Dortmund 1998

40 . . . . A6+ !
The bishop is on its way to its ideal square c4,
from where it supports the advanced f-pawn. It
would have been worse to play 40 . . . . !ld2 41.
tLlb1 d8 42. 'i&c3 + and White still can defend.
4 <i!?d3 [41. 'i&d4 d2+ 42. 'i&e5 f3 -+ t-. f2,
Ac4] 41 . . . . h3+ 42.. <i!?dz [ 42. 'i&d4 c5+ -+]
42.. . . . Ac4 -+ 43 a4 [43 e5 E{d3+ 44 'i:!tc2
f3 45 ctJd1 lhd1 46. l'lxd1 f2 47 e6 'it>g7 -+ ] 43
. . . d3+ 44 <i!?cz xa3 [But not 44 . . . f3?? 45
ctJb2 f2 46. g(I gc3+ 47 'i&xc3 Axf1 because of
48. tLld1 =.] 4S ti:)xb6 Abs [ t-. fJ-f2] o-1.
0 E9-29
Yusupov - Chekhov, Vilnius 1980

n. !!hs ! [ t-. g5, l'!h1 -h4-g4] 2.2.. . . . COa4
[22 . . . . t:Llcs 23. t:Lle4 .0. t:Llc5 ] 2.3. gs ! xbz
2.4. Axds [ 24. l'lh1 !? t-.l'lh4-g4 _.] 2.4. . . . cxds
[24 . . . . exd5 25. f4 ] zs. !!h1 as [25 . . . . l'!fs 26.
h4 + - ] z6. !!h6 ! +- !!a7 2.7. !!hg6 Ac6 2.S.
!!xe6 C3 [28 . . . . b4 29. t:Llc8 1'lq 3o. l: hc6 +-]
2.9. COfs Aas 30. !!eg6 COc4 31. !!xg7+ !!xg7
32.. !!xp+ <i!?fs 33 <i!?d3 b4 34 !!c7 1-o.
0 E9-30
Kupreichik - Yusupov, Yerevan (zt) 1982

12.. . . . ti:)ds!! [ t. tt:Je3] 13. Whs [3 exd5 Wxd5 14.
tt:Jf2 1'!ae8+ 15. t:Llfe4 1'lxe4+ 16. dxe4 Wxe4+
+ ] 3 . . . ti:)e3 14. ez [ 14. tLlg5 h6 15. ctJe6 Wf6
16. t:Ll x fs x fs 17. lf:ie2 t:Lles 18. c3 t:Ll xd3+ 19.
Wxd3 Wf2#] 4 . . . g6 ! s Wh6 [5 Wh4 ihe7
16. Wh6 tL:lg4 -+ ] s . . . Wd7 [ t. Wg4] 16. Wh4
Axdz 17. <i!?xdz tOes 1S. COgs !!f2.+ 19. <i!?c
ti:)xd3+ ! 2.0. <i!?b1 [20. c x d3 Wc6 + - + ] 2.0 . . . .
xbz - + o-1.
0 E9-31
Durie - Yusupov, Sarajevo 1984

36 . . . . l:!.es ! + [ t-. tL:le4, l'!h8-h2] 37 !!xds [37
gb7+ 'i&gs ! (37 . . . 'it>f6? 38. 1'lb6) 38. h6 tt:Jf5
39 Ag5 gas + (Dvoretsky)] 37 . . . ti:)e4 3S. Ae1
l:!.hs 39 f1 [039. tL:l(J!? gxfJ+ 40. 'i& x f3 e8
41. b5 + ( Hubner)] 39 . . . l:!.hz 40. bs !!bz 41.
ti:)ez b 0 42.. b6 [ 42. gh5 Ag3!] 42.. . . . !!xb6
43 Ah4 l:!.bi+ 44 <i!?gz !!bz 4S <i!?fi g6 !-+
46. !!as [ 46. ihe7? t:Lld2+ ] 46 . . . . g3 ! 47 !!as
<i!?hs 4S. Axg3 xg3+ 49 xg3+ Axg3 so.
l:!.cs <i!?g4 s !!xc4 6 sz. !!b4 l:!.hz S3 g
l:!.hs S4 l:!.bz !!es [If 55 1'lb1, then 55 . . . Af2+
56. 'it>fi 11hs.] o-1.
0 E9-32
Beliavsky - Cabrilo, Lvov 1981

3 Ag !!
[ t-. 32. lf:ih .B:hs 33 Wb6]
White controls the open file, but his major pieces
should be positioned the other way round, with
the rook in front. White begins an ingenious re
grouping to do j ust that. Instead, 31. Wh7 lf:if8 ;
or 31. Wh at once, then 31 . . . . .B:hs !.
3 .. . . . Ads
[31. . . . 'i&as 32. \3ff2 .B:hs 33 e5 d5 34 tLJ xd5 exd5
35 Jl x d5 +-]
32.. Wdz Ac7 33 !!h7 ! Wes 34 Whz
Mission accomplished. Beliavsky continues to in
crease the pressure.
34 . . . Acs 3S COez ! Ab7 36. C0c1 es 37
ti:)d3 e x f4 3S. W x f4 l:!.fs 39 Wf6 tOes 40.
ti:)xes Wxes 41. Wxes dxes 42.. Acs !!gs 43
l:!.xf7 !!hs 44 !!f6 +- -o.
170
C H A P T E R 9 I M P ROVI N G P I E C E POSIT ION
Sc o re tab l e
NQ
Poi n t s
NQ
Poi n t s
12
NQ
Po i nt s
23
13
24
14
25
15
26
16
27
17
28
18
29
19
30
20
31
10
21
32
11
22
You r Poi nts
You r Poi nts
total
Po i nt s
begi n n e r
4-
9 poi n t s
ELO
800 - 1000
10 - 19 poi n t s
ELO 1000 - 1 5 00
2 0 - 2 9 poi n t s
E L O 1 5 00 - 1800
30 - 3 9 poi n t s
E L O 1800 - 2 100
40 - 49 po i n t s
E L O 2 100 - 2 2 00
50 - 5 9 poi n t s
E L O 2 2 00 - 2 300
60 - 70 poi nts
ELO 2 300 - 2400
71 - 7 7 poi n t s
ELO above 2400
77
You r Points
171
10
Trap p i ng a P i ece
'A p i ece l i m i ted i n its actio n and i so l ated

from the rest of its army is i n d anger of get
ting trapped . ' ( Kotov)
A kn ight on the rim i s n ' t j ust ' d i m ' - it
can also fal l prey to enemy th reats.
Artur Yusu pov - Wolfgang U h l mann

Austria 1997
162
D
a
But even more mobile pieces l i ke the bishop

can be vulnerable.
Endre Ste i ner -j ose Capablanca

Budapest 1929
1. e4 es 2. Cbf3 Cbc6 3 Abs a6 4 Aa4

d6 5 d4 bs 6. Ab3 Cb)(d4 7 Cb)(d4 e)(d4 8.
W)(d4 ?
6
4
3
Black resigned because of 62 . . . . lO )( h4

63. Ae4 +-, and the kn ight is trapped agai n .
62. Ad3 !
* * *
knight captu res the pawn i t wi l l be caught

aga i n by the b i shop.
2
e
ss. Ads +-
A wel l-known m otif: the bishop com

pletely d o m i n ates the kn ight.
55 ... d7
The pawn e n d i ng after 55 . . . . l0c6
clearly lost for Black.
IS
s6. e4 e7 57 fs hs s8. h4 C4
Black is i n zugzwang and has to sacrifice
the c-pawn to free the kn ight. I f 58 . . . . <t9e8 ,
then 59 <t9f6 C4 6o. e6 c3 61. e7 + - wins.
59 e4 Cbb3 6o. A)(q CDd2+ 61. ds

ctJf3
O r 61 . . . . l0b1 62. Ad3 +-, and i f the
1:[ 1
Th is h ackneyed trap is known as 'The

Noah's Ark'. I n other words, it h as been
known for a long time . . .
There fol l owed
8 . ... cs 9 Wds Ae6 10. Wc6+ Ad7 11.

Wds c4
CHA PTER 10 TRAPPING A PIECE
1 72
and Black won the b i s h o p and l ater the

game.
* * *
An u nfavo u rable p i ece pos1t1on can also

be exploited by positional methods. I n the
fol lowi ng classic, Capabl anca i sol ates and
then excludes the enemy bishop from p l ay.
15. ... f6 16. g2 as 17. a4 f7 18. gh1

e6 19. h4 gfb8 20. hxgs hxgs 21. b3 c6
22. ga2 bs 23. gha1 c4 l
To uti l ise his advantage on the queenside,
Bl ack has to open l i nes.
24. axbs
24. d x q b x q 25. b x q gb4 - + .
Will iam Wi nte r -j ose Capablanca

Hastings 19 19
164
a
ib
::,
3
2
1
::, ::, ::,
'if
a
24 . ... c x b3 25. c x b3 g x bs 26. ga4 gxb3

27. d4 gbs 28. gC4 gb4 29. gxc6
29. g x b4 A x b4 30. d x es fx es 31. h1
Ae7 ! and the a-pawn decides the game.
White's p i eces on the ki ngside rem a i n iso
l ated .
29 . ... gxd4 0-1 .

A beautifu l and fitti ng game for our
theme.
* * *
Even a rook can get trapped . They are espe

cially vulnerable when sti l l on their starti ng
squares.
10 . ... g5 l 11. ti3xf6+

11. l2J xg5 is poor due to 11 . . . . llJ x d s ! 12.
'81h5 h x gs 13. A x gs l2Jf4 14. '81h6 Ae7 -+.
Rustam Kasimdzhanov - Garry Kasparov

Bat'umi (rapid) 2001
D
11 . ... 1Afxf6 12. Ag3 Ag4 13. h3 Axf3 14.

1Afxf3 1Afxf3 15. gxf3 +
' I n effect, White is p l ayi ng a piece down .
The bishop o n g3 is caged i n , and can
only be freed after a p awn sacri fi ce (Ah2,
f4 and after exf4 Wh ite p l ays f3, g2 fol
l owed by Ag1 ) b u t this costs ti me and m a
teri a l . The correct way for B l ack to rea l i se
his posi tional advantage i s easy: attack on
the q ueenside, where after an appropriate
breakth rough and the opening of the A ank,
Black wi l l be a piece (Ad 6 ) up.' ( Donev)
173
Th i s was a rap i d - p l ay game and neither

player wished to lose much ti me i n the open
i ng. Both castled q u i ckly.
10. o-o ? o-o ?

At this moment the players started laugh
i ng as they noti ced that B l ac k cou l d h ave
won the game immediately with 10 . . . . Aes.
H owever, this act of mercy d i d not h e l p
Kasimdzhanov: Kasparov played a s wel l as
ever, and he went on to wi n the game. Even
the strongest p l ayers sometimes overlook
simple tactics.
In the next exam ple, from a tie-break game
in the European championship fi n a l , the fu
tu re FI D E World C h a m p i o n fai led to seize
the moment.
Ruslan Ponomariov - E m i l Sutovsky

European Championship, Ohrid 2001
166
D
a
5
4
3
2
tZJ
a
* * *
Even the most active and mobile piece, the

q ueen , is often trapped .
Artur Yusupov - Aiexei Shirov

Moscow 1992
167
D
a
victory, Pon o m ari ov lost h is way in time

trouble and fai led to secure the wi n .
6
5
4
3
2
h
16. b3 e x ds?
Of cou rse, S h i rov h ad seen that his
q ueen had no retreat, but he only expected
17. tt:la4. It wou l d h ave been better to play
16 . . . . tt:lbd7 17- CLlf3 .
17. Ctlb1 l
Wh i te w i n s the queen, b u t den ies Black
any com pensati o n . 17. tt:la4 '8fx d2+ 18.
'8fxd2 t2J x e4 &i .
17. ... li;rxd2+ 18. ttlxd2 +- 1-0.

37 C4
The correct move was 37- Ae1 ! bs 38 . Aa3
b x a4 39 Ab4 and the rook i s trapped .
37 ... cs+ 38. b4 bs 39 axbs+ ax bs

40. h4 C4+ 41. b3 Y2-Y2.
and al though White is sti l l on the road to
* * *
Someti m es the queen gets i nto tro u b l e

w h e n c h asing pieces d eep i n t h e enemy
cam p . A wel l-known case is the poisoned
p awn o n b2 o r b7. But all tactical opera-
CHAPTER
I74
tions with the q ueen m ust be calculated

carefu l ly : she is too val u a b l e to be treated
casual ly.
1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3 tLlq Ab4 4 e5 c5 5
a3 A)(q+ 6. b)(q Wq 7 tLlf3 tLlc6 8. Ad3
c)(d4? 9 c)(d4
5
4
!--....-
4
3
2
Black sees the chance to win a pawn , but

he d i d not cal c u l ate far enough .
10. ttJ)(d4 Wq+ 11. Wd2 !

Black was only expecting 11. Ad2 18'xd4 + .
1 1 . ... W)(a1
I f 11 . . . . Wx d4, then 12. Abs+ +-.
12. C3 +- 1-0.
There is no defence to lUb3, trapping the
queen .
* * *
I n the next - bri l l iant - game, the world

no. 1's enti re strategy i s b ased on the poor
position of his opponent's q ueen .
.!.
A ..i. 'ir
-
.. .
'r-
_L
,-
2
8
TRAPPING A PIECE
Evgeny Vladimirov - Garry Kasparov

Bat'umi (rapid) 2001
Buts - Fau skas

London 1940
168
10
6
5
4
tt:J
Vill
1;i
1;i
3
2
13 . ... A)(f3 ! 14. W)(f3 ?!

14. g x f3 m ay h ave been better, but no
one l i kes to weaken their own ki ng.
14. ... W)(C4 ! 15. W)(a8 tLlc6 16. Wb7

tbd5
For the exchange, Black has ach ieved the
perfect b lockade with the knights. More
over, Wh i te's q ueen is offside and there is
no way back.
17. ,ge1 b8 18. Wd7 ,gd8 19. Wb7 h5 +

Of course, Kasparov p l ays for a wi n .
20. Ac1 ?
The losing m ove i n an already d ifficult
positi on. 20. ;gab1 wou l d h ave been better.
20 . ... tba5 !
The h u n ter beco m es the h u n ted . Kas
parov fi nds a way to win the queen by force.
21. W)(a7 Wc6 ( ;gas was threatened . ) 22.

Wa6 etJC4 23. ,gb1 tbq o-1 .
Wh ite can sti l l save the q ueen by sacrific
ing a rook, 22. ;gb6, but he cannot save the
game.
EXERCISES
175
Exercises (solut;ons
E 10-1
a
p. 183-185)
rn
E 10-3
7
6
5
E 1o-2
a
rn
E 10-4
rn
7
6
CHAPTER 10 TRAPPING A PIECE
176
E 1o-s
a
rn
E 10-7
[1]
**
8
7
7
6
E 1o-6
a
rn
**
E 10-8
h
8
rn
h
8
8
7
3
2
4
3
Evalu ate the move 1 . ltJd3
E X E RC I S E S
177
E 10-9
a
E 10-11
**
rn
**
6
5
4
.I
3
2
E 10-10
a
rn
**
e
E 10-12
***
C H A PTER 1 0 TRAPPING A PI ECE
I78
E 10-13
a
rn
***
E 10-15
rn
***
7
6
5
4
E 10-14
a
rn
***
E 10-16
rn
***
7
6
4
3
2
b
E X E RC I S E S
179
E 10-17
a
8
7
6
5
4
.I
3
2
7
6
5
4
.a
.a
.l .l
ll .l
II
3
2
iL
tt:J VW :Jd
c
3
2
E 10-20
***
.!.
- iL
.l ll
II .l
.l
[l]
***
[l]
.!.
***
E 10-19
..
tD iL
:a: 'iV :a:
E 10-18
8
.l
.l
.l
.l
[l]
***
4
3
3
2
180
10
CHAPTER
E 10-21
a
8
7
11
***
E 10-23
T R A P P I N G A P I ECE
***
it'
4
3
2
E 1 0-22
a
rn
***
7
6
3
2
2
1
E 1 0-24
..
rn
***
X l:t
7
6
5
4
l:t
a
181
E X E RC I S ES
E 10-25
a
rn
****
E 10-27
..t..
3
2
rn
****
...
...
..i.. I
4i
h
8
7
...
ld
5
4
?Li
Eval u ate the move 1 . tt:J x fs
E 10-26
a
rn
****
E 10-28
11
****
3
2
4
3
Evaluate the move 1 . . . . lLlcs
CHAPTER
182
E 10-29
a
rn
****
..
4&\ A " "
7
5
4
3
2
1
CD
][,
c
E 10-30
a
..t..
iL
d
:a:
CD
2
1
a
a
iL
c
1
e
a
"
iL
E 10-32
rn
f
. .
A 4&\ A
A ..t..
CD
CD
iL
:a: :a:
d
A ..i. A
CD
:a:
..t. A A A
5
4
3
2
7
6
5
4
CD
iL
e
A il,
4&\
:a:
*****
I.
T RA PP I NG A P I ECE
*****
4&\
..i.
rn
****
E 1 0-31
10
3
2
SOLUTIONS
E IO-I
TO
E I0-14
S o l u ti o n s
0 E1o-1
0 E10-7
Yusupov - Romanishin, Yerevan (zt) 1982

3S e8 ! Ags 36. h4 +- Axh4 37 gxh4 'i!;>hs
38. e4 fs 39 etJf6 + c;;,h 6 40. c4 ab3 41.
4XCS I-0.
Alekhine - Rubinstein, San Remo 1931

r. tlJxds! +- [r. tLl x ds cxds 2. i&c7 +-] r-o.
0 E10-8
Yusupov - Sokolov, Tilburg 1987

39 dr ! [ 6't!?fz-e3-d4] 1-o.
Klarenbeek - Yusupov, Apeldoorn 2000

37 etJd3 was poor. After A x a4 38. etJcs Ad7
39 etJh7+ 'i!;>c7 -+ White resigned because of
40. tLl xas lia4 -+, followed by 't!?b6. o-r.
0 E10-3
0 E10-9
Smyslov - Tolush, Moscow 1961

17. Abs ! +- (17. i&bs ds rs. xe7 + - ] r-o.
Yusupov - Kasparov, Riga 1995

36 . . . . Wb7 ! 37 6 as [3S. es D x fJ+ 39
<t!? x f3 t! x es -+ J 38. Axhs o-r.
0 E1o-2
0 E10-4
Yusupov - Fejzullahu, Switzerland 2000

rs. etJc7 ! tlJ x 6 + 16. e x 6 Ae6 [ r 6 . . . . t!bs 1 7.
li xa7 +-] 17. tlJxa8 xa8 18. b3 +- 1-o.
0 E1o-1o
Peresipkin - Chekhov, Minsk 1976

24. etJd6 ! +- [ 6 tLleS ; 24 . . . . exd6 25. cxd6 +-]
1-0.
o E1o-s
Yusupov - Bonsch, Bundesliga 2ooo/o1

27. a7 Wxf6 [27. . . . t!ds 2S. e7+ + - ; 27. . . .
C7 2S. t! x b7 +-] 28. W x f6 x f6 29. Ag2!
[29. !1 x b7 t'l.f3 30. i&g2 t! x c3 31. i& xc6 gave
Black more chances.] 29
b4 [ 29 . . . . lies 30.
t!as +-] 30. xb7 bxq (30 . . . . b3 31. Jr ! +-]
31. b4 +- d6 32. xc4 c2 33 xc2 xd4 34
A x c6 hs 3S A6 d7 36. b2 c;;,g7 37 'i!;>2
d6 38. b7 d2+ 39 Ae2 d6 40. Ac4 f6+
41. 'i!;>e3 'i!;>fs 42.. h3 'i!;>g7 43 g4 hxg4 44 hxg4
'i!;>fs 4S c7 'i!;>g7 46. 'i!;>e4 f2 47 gs! White
prepares to transpose into a winning king and
pawn endgame. 47 . . . fs 48. xf7+ xf? 49
Axf? 'i!;>xf? so. 'i!;>ds ! +- r-o.
0 E10-11
Timman - Yusupov, Linares (cmsf6) 1992

37 Afs ! [ x t'l.h4] 37 . . . Ae2 38. Ae6+ 'i!;>h7
39 Afs+ 'i!;>gs 40. 'i!;>g2 +- [ 6lif6, lier] r-o.
0 E1o-6
0 E10-12
Bilek - Smyslov, Polanica-Zdroj 1968

36 . . . . c7 ! [ 6 l"Kb6] 37 as bs 38. ar bcs
[ 6 .i::X s c6] o-r.
0 E10-13
Laurent - Lund-Jensen, Denmark 1937

r. Ags! Ax6 2. Wd2! Wxd4 3 Axh7+ ! 'i!;>xh7
4 Wxd4 +- r-o.
0 E10-14
Gutman - Gaidarov, SSSR 1978

r. es! [r. es dxes (r. . . lLld7 2. e x d6 + -) 2.
lies +-] r-o.
.
Fischer - Reshevsky, New York 1958

ro. Axf? + ! 'i!;>xf? [ro . . . . t! x f7 II. tLle6 ! +-] n.
etJe6 ! dxe6 [rr. . . . <t!? x e6 12. ds+ <t!?fs 13. g4+
<t!? x g4 14. t'l.gr + 't!?hs (14 . . . . <t!?fs rs. t!gs#; 14 .
. . . 't!?h4 rs. e4+ +-) rs. dr + +-] 12. Wxds
SOLUTIONS
E I0-15 TO E I0-26
ttlc6 I3. Wdz +- I-o.

0 E10-15
0 E1o-2o
Botvinnik - Stepanov, Leningrad 19.30

I. Axf7+ ! xf7 z. ttlc4 +- I-o.
Yusupov - Sax, Vrbas 1980

I4. Aci ! Was (14 . . . . Wa4 1;. l h c8 +-] IS. Adz
Wb6 (15 . . . . Wa3 16. Z!q Wxa2 17. gc4 +- Wb2
18. Z!b3] I6. bz +- ( L'> 16 . . . . as 1 7. a3] I-o.
Arbakov - Yusupov, Moscow 1981

17 . . . . ttlgs ! 18. We3 [18. \?if x f6 ke7 - + ; 018.
\?ifg2 +] 18 . . . . ttlh3+ 19. gz ttlg4 zo. Wez
ttlgxfz 2.1. f1 dxe4 zz. xfz exd3 2.3. Axd3
A x d3 2.4. W x d3 ttl x fz zs. x fz ads + 2.6.
Wez fs 2.7. ttlc4 Afs z8. Ac1 axb4 2.9. cxb4
bs 30. ttlas Ag7 JI. Ags d6 32.. g1 Wf7 33
Ae3 ed8 34 c f4 3S 1Hz Wd7 + o-1.
0 E10-17
0 E10-21
Yusupov - Pirrot, Bundesliga 1994/95

zo. Wei ( L'> Tid I -d3. Correct was 20. ii.g3 !! +
l'> [J, ii.e1 with a winning position ; 20. f3
Z!xeJ oo . ] zo . . . . b6 ZI. f3 Aa3! [21. . . . Z!e8 22.
Ag3 Aa3 23. \?ifd1 Ab2 ! oo ] zz. Wd1 (n. ct:J xa3
@XCI 2). f!fx c1 g XCJ <=tj 2.2.. . . . Xe3 2.3. ttlxe3
Wxe3+ 2.4. hi b4 1-o.
Karaklajii: - Bely, Budapest 1957

. . . Wcs ! ( L'> 2. Wxe7 ? f6 !, 3 . . . Z!f7 -+ ].
0 E1o-16
0 E10-22
Petrosian - Matanovii:, Skopje 1969

z6. Wez ! (26. \?ifhs ct:Jd2] z6
ttlas (26 . . . .
ctJd6 27. A x d6 c x d6 28. g 3 \?iff; 29. ct:J xd6 +-]
2.7. @hs ! +- ( f'>g3] 1-0,
. . .
0 E1o-18
Yusupov - Zapata, SaintJohn 1988

2.8. ttlaz ! Wbz 2.9. ez Wa3 30. Ae3 (30. ctJc3 !
would have been simpler : 3 0 . . . . ct:Jhs 3 1 . ct:Jbs
Wa1 32. \?if x a1 A x a1 33 g3 +-] 30 . . . . e8 31.
Aci Z!xez 32.. Axa3 xaz 33 Wbi ! xa3 34
Wbz tb x ds 3S W x a3 ttl x f4 36. Afi Ad4+
37 hi ttlh; 38. g4 ttlg3+ 39 gz tb x f1 !
(039 . . . . ii.es ] 40. x fi fxg4 41. hxg4 +
hs 42.. gxhs gxhs 43 Waz f7 44 Wgz ttld7
4S Wxb7 e7 46. We4+ I-o.
0 E10-23
Botvinnik - Spielmann, Moscow 1935

9 ttla4 ! Wxaz 10. Ac4 ! Ag4 n. ttl6 Ax6 12..
gx6 ( 1 2. gx [J \?ifa3 ( 1 2 . . . . ctJc2+ 13. \?if x c2 + -)
IJ. ftc3 +-) 1-0,
0 E 10-24
Mikhail Kliatskin, 192.4

I, C7 ! XC7 2., axb6+ Xb8 3 b7 +- I-0.
0 E10-25
0 E10-19
Kasparov - van der Wiel, Brussels 1987

18. ttlbs ! (If 18. ctJe2 (with the idea g4, Ac;),
rhen 18 . . . . ctJe6.] 18 . . . . ttle6 ( 1 8 . . . . c x b; 19.
kcs kfs 20. x fs + -] 19 A xe6 fxe6 ( 1 9 . . . .
cxb; 20. ka2 ] zo. ttlxc7 W><c7 2.1. '8'g6 '8'f7
2.:1. Wxf7+ xf, 2.3. Ae3 [ xct:Jhs] 2.3 . . . . f8
[23 . . . . gs 24. g4 ct:Jf4 (24 . . . . ct:Jp 2;. ct:Jd2
}:l_d8 26. f4 + - ) 25. ii.xf4 gxf4 26. Z!d4 +- (Kas
parov)] 2.4. d4 g8 zs. fdi b6 z6. h4 fs
Leonid Kubbel, 1934

1. a4 ! a3 ! z. x b4+ ! x b4 3 Aei + ! (3.
Acs + x es 4 x a3 c4 =] 3 . . . a4 4
Aq 0 XC) S XC) +- I-0.
0 E 1o-26
Morovic Fernandez - Yusupov, Tunis (izt) 1985

30. Axgs ! fs 31. Af4+ d7 32. f) ! xh;
33 g4 +-.
S O L U T I O N S E 10-27 TO E 10-32
I8S
0 E10-27
S . . . tL:lc6+ 6. 'i!;>ds tL:las ;

C) 3 tL:la6 3 . . . tL:le3 4 cs tL:lc4+ S c;!;>ds tL:las = ]
I
tbb3 2. tbai !!
(2. tL:le3? tL:las 3 c;!;>e4 tL:l x c4 =]
2
tbxai
(2. . . . tL:las 3 tL:lb3+ +- (3. b3? c3) 3 . . . tL:lxb3
4 xb3 C3 s. c;!;>ds +-]
3 Aa4 c;;,C3 4 c;;,d5 c;;,b4 5 Adi 0 +- I-o.
=
Petrosian - Fischer, Portoroi 1958

It is a trap !
32 tL:l x fs+? is bad due to : 32 . . . . tL:l x fs 33 El. x f5
!'l.h8 ! -+ followed by g6.
p .. E:h2 (32. E!. x fs !'l.h8 ! -+ ] 32
Ad7 33 E:hi
E:h8 34 tbc2! %-%.
0 E1o-28
Yusupov - Ligterink, Amsterdam 1978

(Is . . . . tL:lcs? is bad because of 16. Axc4! (16.
A x f6 A x f6 1 7. A xc4 b6 55) 16 . . . . tL:lfx e4
(16 . . . . tL:lcxe4 17. fxe4) 17. fxe4 Axc3 18. 'tifxq
tL:l xe4 19. 1tid4 tL:l x g5 20. h4! + -.]
I5
b5 I6. axb5 axb5 I7. Ae3 Wb7 I8. E:fbi
E:fc8 I9. b4 tbe8 20. Ad4 ;t %-%.
0 E10-29
Nezhmetdinov - Konstantinov, Rostov-on-Don

1936
n. q ! A x q + I2. b x q Wxq+ I3. 1f!id2 !
Wxai I4. Abi !! +- ( 6 b2] I-o.
0 E10-30
Yochanan Afek, I977

I. tbc2
(1. a4? cxb4 2. cs b3 3 xb3 tL:lxb3 4 c6 tL:las
S C7 tL:lc6+ 6. 'i!;>d6 tL:la7 = ;
1. tL:la6 ? xd1 2. tL:l xcs tL:lc2
A) 3 tL:ld3 d2 4 c5 c;!;> x d3 5 c6 tL:ld4 6. C7
tL:lc6+ = ;
B) 3 tL:lb3 tL:lb4 4 d4 'i!;>c2 s. tL:lcs (s. tL:las tL:la6)
0 E10-31
Yusupov - Suetin, Moscow 1980

2I. tbf6+ ! c;;,h8 2.2.. E:bi (22. tL:lg4 Axh 23. Axh
E!. xd1 24 . .t::l. xd1 Ag5 ] 22
Wc7 23. E:xb7!
(23. tL:lg4 x f3 ] 23
Wxb7 24. tbg4 ! +
[24. tLlg5 c7 25. tL:lgx h7 ] 24
tbf5 25.
tbh4 We7 26. tb x f5 gxf5 27. tb x h6 Wg5 28.
tb x f5 ! [28. tL:l x fs \3! x fs 29. \3! x fs e x fs 30. e6+
'i!;>g8 31. e7 +-) I-0.
0 E10-32
Ruban - Dautov, Novosibirsk 1989

I5
g5! I6. tb x e4 dxe4 I7. tbd2 f6 I8. d5 !
fxe5 I9. W xe5 E:e8 (19 . . . . d7 !? 20. tL:l xe4
g4 + ] 2o. tbxe4 tbc5 (20 . . . . g4 21. d6 ; 20 . . . .
'tifd7 !? 21. d6 d8] 2I. tbxc5! (o21. d6 !? cxd6
22. tL:l x d6 A x d6 23. xg5 + 'i!;>h8 (23 . . . . f7 ?
24. E!. x d6 El.e6 2s. 'tiffs+ c;!;>e7 26. 1tixh7+ xd6
27. !'l.d1+ es 28. \3!f7 + - ) 24. \3!f6+ 'i!;>g8 2s.
'tifgs+ = ] 2I
bxc5 22. E:aCI ! (22. Ae4 'tifd7
23. fs d6 24. e6+ 1tixe6 +] 22
Wd8 23.
Ah3 Ac8 + o-I.

C H APTER 10 TRAPPING A PIECE
I86
Score tab l e
N
Po i n t s
23
13
24
14
25
15
26
16
27
17
28
18
29
19
30
20
31
10
21
32
11
22
Poi n t s
12
Po i n t s
You r Poi nts
You r Poi nts
total
Poi nts
l e ss than 5 poi n t s
begi n n e r
5 - 2 0 poi n t s
ELO
800 - 1000
2 1 - 30 po i n t s
E L O 1000 - 1 5 00
31 - 4 5 po i n t s
E L O 1 5 0 0 - 1800
46 - 60 po i n t s
E L O 1800 - 2 100
61 - 7 5 poi n t s
ELO 2 100 - 2 300
76 - 90 poi n t s
ELO above 2 3 00
90
You r Points
A p pendix
I n dex of c o m p o s e rs a n d an al y sts
Names in italics refer to analysts.
A
Adorjdn, Andrds, 167
Afek, Yoch anan , 124, 185
Averbakh, Yuri, 41 , 55
B
Beliavsky, Alexander, 92, 93, 167
Bond arenko, Fi l i pp, 27
Breukelen , G ij s van , 52, 53
Bro n , Vl ad i m i r, 112, 123
c
Chero n , And re, 151

D
Darga, Klaus, 15
Del Rio, Ercole, 147
Donev, lvo Hristov, 172
Dreev, Alexey, 70
D u ras, Oldfich, 52
Dvizov, Evgeny, 52
Dvoretsky, Mark, 17, 38 , 70, 115, 150, 169
E
Euwe, Machielis, 82
F
Ferdesi, 97
Fridste i n , 123
Fri n k, Orri n , 52
Fritz, J i ndfich, 25, 137
Ftdcnfk, Ljubomfr, 89, 91
G
Gorgiev, Tigran, 25
Gotsd i ner, G . , 52
G reco, Gioacch i no, 53
G rigoriev, N i kolay Dm itrievich, 123, 126, 150,
151
G u rvich, Abram, 126, 149
H
H e rbstma n , Alexander, 52
H i l debrand, Alexander, 148
Holzhausen, Walther von , 40
H orwi tz, Bern h ard , 151
Hubner, Robert, 169
Huzman, Alexander, 91
I l l ustrative example, 147
K
Kai la, Osmo, 54
Kaspari an, Genrikh Moiseevich, 112
Kasparov, Garry, 184
Kiss l i ng, G . , 26
Kliatski n , M i kh ai l , 1 84
J osef Kl i ng & Bernhard H orwi tz, 42
Kosek, V. , 54
Kotov, Alexander, 57, 171
Kozi rev, V. , 127
Kramnik, Vladimir, 70, 88-91
Kri khe l i , losif, 52
Ku b bel , Leon i d , 149 , 184
Kuznetsov, Alexander, 27
Kuznetsov, Anatoly Georgievich, 53
188
A P P E N DI X
L
Lasker, Emanuel, 110, 135, 136
Levenfish, G rigory, 96, 109
Levenpsh, Grigory, 98
Lewitt, Moritz, 147
M
Makagonov, Vladimir Andreevich, 57
Makarychev, Sergey, S o
Matous, M ario, 29
Mednis, Edmar, 39, 53
Mees, W. , 54
Megvi n ishvi l i , N . , 54
N
Nimzowitsch, Aaron, 79
0
Smyslov, Vassi{y, 57
Stohl, Igor, 90
T
Taimanov, Mark, 167
Tarrasch, Siegbert, 110
Tartakower, Savie{y, 72
Troitzky, Alexei Alexeyevich, 52
u
U m n ov, G . , 54
u n known , 52
v
Van Vl iet, Louis, 148

Vancura, J osef, 149
Vlasenko, V. , 127
Ojanen, A . , 147
p
Petrosian, Tigran, 53
Pogosj ants, Ernest, 29
Polugaevsk.y, Lev, 82
Psakhis, Lev, 89
R
Rauzer, Vsevolod, 41
Reti, Richard , 25, 123
Rinck, H en ri , 111, 112, 148, 149
Winants, Luc, 91
Wotawa, Alois, 17
y
Yusupov, Artur, 38, 53, 91, 94

z
Zaitsev, Igor, 27, 28

Zhuravlev, Nikolay, 110
!89
I N D E X OF G A M ES
I n dex of g a m e s
N u m bers i n b o l d i n d i cate that the fi rst named pl ayer h ad Black.
A
Adams, Edward Bradfo rd - Torre Repetto,
13
Adams, Michael - Pi ker, 150
- Yusupov, 26
Adorjan, And ras - Yusu pov, 167
Alden - N i lsson, 11
Alekh ine, Alexander - Bernste i n , 11
- Bogolj u bow, 109
- Friem an, 12
-Jahner, 12
- Keh n l e i n , 11
- Reshevsky, 11
- Ru b i n stei n , 1 83
- Reri , 96
Ambroz, Jan - l n kiov, 155
Anand, Viswanathan - Andersson , 25
- Gelfand , 125
- Karpov, 123
- Kasparov, 92
- Kram n i k, 88
- Salov, 24
- Tomczak, 25
- Tu kmakov, 24
- Yusupov, 147
Anderssen, Adolf- Paulsen, 11
- Stau nton, 97
Andersson , U lf- Anand, 25
- McNab, 147
Antu nes, Anton io - Loek, 109
Arbakov, Valentin - Yusupov, 184
Aro n i n , Lev Solomonovich - M i kenas, 11
Averbakh, Yu ri - Herberg, 110
8
Bagi rov, Vl ad i m i r - Planinc, 124

Balogh - Szi ly, 147
Baram idze, David - Smeets, 147
Bareev, Evgeny - Hel lers, 109
Batu ri n - Yusu pov, 167

Bel i avsky, Alexand e r - Cabri lo, 169
- Chandler, 109
- Ge l ler, 154
- Stri kovic, 92
- Yusu pov, 109, 1 67, 169
Belousov - Selyavki n , 11
Bely, M i klos - Karaklajic, 184
Bernste i n , Ossi p - Alekh i ne, 11
- Capablanca, 1
B i lek, I stvan - S myslov, 183
Bogolj u bow, Efi m - Alekh ine, 109
- H u ssong, 24
- Reri, 12
Boleslavsky, Isaak - Ragozi n , 123
- Smyslov, 69
Bensch, Uwe - Yusu pov, 183
Botvi n n ik, M i kh ai l - Chekhover, 69
- Kan, 69
- Ragozi n , 71
- Smyslov, 71
- Soroki n , 71, 1 09
- Sp i e l m a n n , 184
- Stepanov, 184
- Taimanov, 148, 167
- Tal, 72
B restian, Egan - Yusupov, 135
B ronste i n , D avid - M i kenas, 11
- Pachman, 111
B u rn , Amos -J a n owski , 11
Buts - Fauskas, 174
c
Cabrilo, Goran - Bel i avsky, 169

Cam para, Daniel -J ansa, 167
Campos Lopez, M ario - Smith, 39
Capablanca, J ose - Bernste i n , 1
- Fonaroff, 12
- N i mzowitsch, 148
1 90
- Rubi nste i n , 110

- Samisch, 95
- Steiner, 171
- Wi nter, 172
Chandler, M u rray - Beli avsky, 109
- Polgar, 37
Chekhov, Valery - Peresi p k i n , 183
- Psakhis, 155
- Yusu pov, 169
Chekhover, Vitaly - Botvi n n i k, 69
Christi an sen , Larry - Karpov, 95
Crouch, Col i n - Speel m a n , 12
Csom, I stvan - Karpov, 124
- Kindermann, 109
- Yusupov, 168
D
Dautov, Rustem - Ruban, 185
- Sermek, 41
- Yusupov, 26
Day - van der Wiel , 168
Dlez del Corral , j esus - Ti mman, 70
Dj aja, D raguti n - Staudte, 11
Durie, Stefan - Yusupov, 169
Dol m atov, Sergey - Yusu pov, 78, 86
Domes - Fedorov, 110
Dreev, Alexey - Kram n i k, 59
E
Eh lvest, J aan - Nogueiras, 109
Ei ngorn, Vereslav - Smyslov, 148
Epish i n , Vlad i m i r - Yusu pov, 125
Estri n , Yakov - Kletsel , 71
Euwe, M achgiel is - Fonte i n , 11
- Vi d m ar, 12
F
Fauskas - Buts, 174
Fedorov - Domes, 110
Fejzullah u , Afri m - Yusu pov, 183
Fernandez - Pahtz, 109
Feuer, B. H . - O'Kelly de Galway, 109
Fischer, Robert - Keres, 72
A P PENDIX
- Petrosian, 70, 153, 185

- Reshevsky, 136, 183
- Spassky, 109
- Tai m anov, 36
Flo h r, Salo - Tai manov, 167
Fold i , J6zsef- Lu kacs, 150
Fon aroff, Marc - Capablanca, 12
Fon te i n , George Saito - Euwe, 11
Frieman, A - Alekh i ne, 12
Fu rman, Semen Abramovich - Smyslov, 69
G
Gabriel, Ch ristian - M i c h aelsen, 124
Gaidarov - G u tm a n , 183
G al l iamova, Alisa - Xi e j u n , 111
Gapri n d ashvi l i , Non a - Servaty, 25
Garda Vera, Osca r - G rau , 96
Gelfand, Boris - Anand, 125
Geller, Efi m - Beli avsky, 154
G h i nda, M i h ai l - Yusu pov, 70
G l ienke, Manfred - Yusupov, 166
G l igoric, Svetozar - Smyslov, 136
- Yusupov, 168
Gol 'berg - Zhuk, 147
G randa Zun iga, J u l io - Svi d ler, 24
G rau, Roberto - Garda Vera, 96
G rigorian, Karen Ashotovich - Ku p reich i k,
73
G r6szpeter, Atti l a - Ku preichik, 166
G u l ko, Boris - Svesh n i kov, 54
G u revich, M i kh ai l - Razuvaev, 110
Gutm a n , Lev - Gaidarov, 183
- M i kenas, 38
H
H e l lers, Ferd i nand - Bareev, 109
Hernandez, Roman - Yusupov, 71
Holzhauer, M athias - Yusupov, 111
H o n fi , Karolyne - M i nic, 11
Herberg, Bengt-Eric - Averbakh, 110
H u bner, Robert - N i kolaidis, 110
H u l ak, Kru noslav - Yusu pov, 166
H uss, Andreas - Razuvaev, (71)
1 91
I N D E X OF G A M E S
H u ssong, H ugo - Bogolj u bow, 24
l n kiov, Ven tzislav - Ambroz, 155

l ose l i a n i , N an a - Xi e J u n , 2
Ivanov, Alexander - M alani uk, 168
J
J anowski, D awid M arkelowicz - Burn, 11
Jansa, Vlasti m i l - Campa ra, 1 67
J i menez-Zerq uera, E leazar - Larsen , 72
Johner - Alekh ine, 12
K
Kamyshev - Rovner, 11
Kan , I l i a Abramovich - Botvi n n i k, 69
Kanzyn - Vodopyanov, 12
Kapengut, Al bert - Zhu ravlev, 109
Karaklajic, N i kola - Bely, 184
Karpov, Anatoly - Anand, 123
- Ch ristiansen, 95
- Csom, 124
- Korchnoi, 43
- Spassky, 72, 72, 154
- Topalov, 111
Kasi mdzh anov, Rustam - Kasparov, 172
Kasparov, Garry - Anand, 92
- Kasimdzhanov, 172
- Pri byl , 93
- Short, 40
- van der Wiel , 184
- Vlad i m i rov, 174
- Vu kic, 70
- Yusupov, 149 , 166, 183
Kavalek, Lu bom i r - Portisch, 37
Kengis, Edvi n s - Yusu pov, 157
Keres, Pau l - Fischer, 72
- Spassky, 81
Kinde rmann , Stefa n - Csom , 109
Klaren beek, H ans - Yusupov, 183
Kletsel, M - Estri n , 71
Koh nen - Lepek, 12
Koh n l e i n , H - Alekh ine, 11
Konstanti nov - Nezhmetd i nov, 185

Korc h n o i , Vikto r - Karpov, 43
- S passky, 82
Kotov, Alexand e r - N ajdorf, 27
Kotro n i as, Vasi lios - Yusupov, 149
Kou atly, Bachar - Yusupov, 85
Kram n i k, Vlad i m i r - Anand, 88
- D reev, 59
- N ij boer, 91
- N u n n , 87
- Po lgar, 88, 90
- Sh i rov, 90
- Ti mman, 75
- Yusupov, 87
Kupreic h i k, Vi kto r - G rigorian , 73
- G r6szpeter, 166
- Yus u pov, 169
Kuzm i n , Gen n ad i - Timoshchenko, 123
Kuznetsov - Petu khov, 53
l
Larsen , Bent -J i m enez-Zerq uera, 72

- Petrosian , 53
Lasker - N N , 110
Lasker, Emanuel - Rubinstei n , 110
Lau rent - Lund-J ensen, 183
Lepek - Kohnen, 12
Levi n , Alexander - Zej bot, 147
Ligteri nk, Gert - Yusupov, 185
Li l ienth al, Andor - Smyslov, 1 1 , 25
Lobro n , Eric - Svid ler, 15
- van der Wiel , 41
towcki, Moj.iesz - Tartakower, 12
Lputian, Sm bat - Yusu pov, 117
Lu kacs, Peter - Fol d i , 150
Lund-J ensen - Lau rent, 183
M
Mai n ka, G rego r - Yusu pov, 157
Malan i u k, Vl ad i m i r - Ivanov, 168
M arshal l , Fran k - Sch lechter, 71
M arti n i , Marco - Yusupov, 166
M atanovic, Aleksandar - Petrosian, 184
A P P E N DI X
192
McNab, Col i n - Andersson , 147

Merger, J ohan nes - Pau lsen, 54
Michaelsen, N i l s - Gabriel, 124
M i kenas, Vlad as - Aro n i n , 11
- Bronstein, 11
- Gutman, 38
M i les, Anthony - Yusu pov, 148
M i l ov, Vad i m - Yusupov, 24
M i n ic, Dragolj u b - H onfi , 11
M itite l u , Gheorghe - Tol u s h , 111
Morovic Fernandez, Ivan - Yusupov, 184
Movsesian, Sergei - Yusu pov, 124
N
Najdorf, M iguel - Kotov, 27
Nezh metd i n ov, Rash id - Kon stantinov, 185
N ielsen, Pau l Eri k - Ravi kumar, 124
N ij boer, Friso - Kram n i k, 91
N i kolaidis, loannis - H u bner, 110
N i lsso n , L - Aiden, 11
N i mzowitsch , Aaron - Capabl anca, 148
- Samisch, 79
NN - Lasker, 110
NN - NN, 11, 11
NN - Swiderski , 109
Noguei ras, Jesus - Eh lvest, 109
- Yusu pov, 16
N u n n , J oh n - Kram n i k, 87
0
Olland, Adolf Georg - Wol f, 24

O'Kelly de Galway, Alberic - Feuer, 109
p
Pachman, Ludek - Bronste i n , 111
Pahtz, Thomas - Fern andez, 109
Pau lsen , Louis - Anderssen, 11
- Merger, 54
Peresipki n , Vl ad i m i r - Chekhov, 183
Petrosi an , Tigran - Fischer, 70, 153, 185
- Larsen , 53
- M atanovic, 184
- Simagi n , 97
- Smyslov, 167
- Spassky, 81
- Sueti n , 153
Petu khov - Kuznetsov, 53
Petu rsson, Margei r - Yusu pov, 115
Piket, J eroen - Adams, 150
Pi rrot, Dieter - Yusu pov, 147, 184
Planinc, Albi n - Bagi rov, 124
- Raicevic, 38
Polgar, Zsuzsa - Chandler, 37
Polgar, J u d i t - Kram n i k, 88, 90
Ponomariov, Ruslan - Su tovsky, 173
Portisch, Lajos - Kavalek, 37
Pri byl , J osef- Kasparov, 93
Psakhis, Lev - Chekhov, 155
- Yusu pov, 156
R
Ragozi n , Viacheslav - Boleslavsky, 123
- Botvi n n i k, 71
Raicevic, Vlad i m i r - Plani nc, 38
Ras i n , J acob - Yusu pov, 168
Ravi kumar, Vaidyanath an - N ielsen, 124
Razuvaev, Yuri - Gu revi ch, 110
- H uss, (71 )
- Vasi u kov, 109
- Yusupov, 70, 83
Ree, H ans - Tim man, 138
Renet, O l ivier - Yusu pov, 70
Reshevsky, Samuel - Alekh i ne, 11
- Fischer, 136, 183
- Smyslov, 72
- Tatai, 53
Reti , Rich ard - Alekh i ne, 96
- Bogolj u bow, 12
Ri b l i , Zoltan - Yusu pov, 84
Rokh l i n , Yakov - S i l i ch , 24
Roman ish i n , Oleg - Yusu pov, 183
Romanovsky, Peter Arsenievich - Stepanov,
109
Rovner, Dmitry Osi povich - Kamyshev, 11
Ruban, Vad i m - Dautov, 185
Rubi nste i n , Aki ba - Alekh ine, 183
- Capablanca, 110
- Lasker, 110
s
Salov, Valery - Anand, 24

- Yusupov, 24
Samisch, Fritz - Capablanca, 95
- N i mzowitsch, 79
Sax, Gyu l a - Yusupov, 84, 184
Sch lechter, Carl - M arsh al l , 71
Schlosser, P h i l i p p - Yusu pov, 27
Sei rawan, Yasser - Yusu pov, 168
Selyavki n - Belousov, 11
Sermek, Drazen - Dautov, 41
Servaty, Rudolf- Gaprindashvi l i , 25
Shampouw - Si lal ac h i , 12
S h i rov, Alexei - Kram n i k, 90
- Yusu pov, 11, 173
Short, N igel - Kasparov, 40
Si lalach i - Sham pouw, 12
S i l ich, Vladislav - Rokh l i n , 24
S i m agi n , Vlad i m i r - Petrosian, 97
Sl iwa, Bogdan - Stoltz, 12
S l u tzky, Leon i d - Yusupov, 166
Smeets, Jan - Baramidze, 147
Smith, Ken n eth - Campos Lopez, 39
Smyslov, Vassily - Bi lek, 183
- Bolesl avsky, 69
- Botvi n n i k, 71
- Ei ngo rn , 148
- Fu rman, 69
- Gl igoric, 136
- Li l ienthal , 11, 25
- Petrosian , 167
- Reshevsky, 72
- Speelman, 110
- Tal , 69 , 71
- Tolush, 183
Sokolov, And rei - Yusupov, 12, 183
Soroki n , Maxim - Yusu pov, 124
Soroki n , N i kolay - Botvi n n i k, 71 , 109
Spasov, Li u ben - Yusu pov, 166
Spassky, Boris - Fischer, 109
1 93
- Karpov, 72, 72, 154

- Keres, 81
- Korchnoi, 82
- Petrosian, 81
- Ti m m a n , 148
Speel man, J o n athan - Crouch, 12
- Smyslov, 110
Spiel m an n , Rudolf- Botvi n n i k, 184
S p i ridonov, N i ko l a - U h l m an n , 110
Spraggett, Kevi n - Yusu pov, 57
Staudte, Hans H i l mar - Djaja, 11
Stau nto n , H oward - Anderssen, 97
Stei ner, E n d re - Capablanca, 171
Stepanov, G . - Botvi n n i k, 184
- Romanovsky, 109
Sterre n , Pau l van der - Yusu pov, 76
Sto h l , Igo r - Yusupov, 86
Stoltz, Gosta - Sl iwa, 12
Stri kovic, Aleksa - Beli avsky, 92
Stromberg, Pete r - Vedder, 110
Sueti n , Alexey - Petrosian , 153
- Yusu pov, 185
Sutovsky, E m i l - Ponomariov, 173
Sves h n i kov, Evgeny - G u l ko, 54
Svid ler, Peter - G randa Zun iga, 24
- Lobro n , 15
Swiderski, Rudolf- N N , 109
Szi ly - Balogh , 147
T
Tai m an ov, M ark - Botvi n n i k, 148, 167
- Fischer, 36
- Fl o h r, 167
- Yusupov, 168
Tal , M i khail - Botvi n n ik, 72
- Smyslov, 69, 71
Tartakower, Savi e l ly - towcki, 12
Tatai , Stefano - Reshevsky, 53
Ti m m an , J an - Dfez del Corral, 70
- Kramnik, 75
- Ree, 138
- Spassky, 148
- To rre, 11
1 94
A P P E N DI X
- Yusu pov, 26, 183

Timoshchen ko, Gennad i - Kuzm i n , 123
Tolush, Alexander - M itite l u , 111
- Smyslov, 183
Tomczak, Rai ner - Anand, 25
Topalov, Vesel i n - Karpov, 111
Torre Repetto, Carlos - Ad ams, 13
Torre, Eugen io - Tim man, 11
- Yusupov, 78
Tseshkovsky, Vitaly - Yusu pov, 168
Tukmakov, Vlad i m i r - Anan d , 24
- Yusu pov, So, 167
u
U h l man n , Wol fgang - Spi ridonov, 110

- Yusupov, 171
v
Vagan ian, Rafael - Yus upov, 166

vai sser, Anatol i - Yusu pov, 1 68
Vasi u kov, Evgeni - Razuvaev, 109
Vedder, Henk - Stromberg, 110
Vid mar, M i lan - Euwe, 12
Vilela, Jose Lu i s - Yusu pov, 166
Vlad i m i rov, Evgeny - Kasparov, 174
Vodopyanov - Kanzyn , 12
Vooremaa, And res - Yu ksti , 110
Vu kic, M i l an - Kasparov, 70
Vu lfson, Vlad i m i r - Yusu pov, 166
w
Wely, Loek van - Antu nes, 109

Wiei , John van der - Day, 168
- Kasparov, 184
- Lebron, 41
Wi nter, Will iam - Capablanca, 172
Wirthensohn, Hei nz - Yusu pov, 70
Wolf, Heinrich - Oil and , 24
X
Xie J u n - Gal liamova, 111
- l oselian i , 2
Yuksti - Vooremaa, 110

Yusu pov, Artu r - Adams, 26
- Adorjan, 167
- Anan d , 147
- Arbakov, 184
- Batu rin, 167
- Beliavsky, 109 , 167, 169
- Brestian, 135
- Bonsch, 183
- Chekhov, 169
- Csom , 168
- Dautov, z6
- Du rie, 169
- Dolmatov, 78, 86
- Epish i n , 125
- Fejzu l l ah u , 183
- Gh i nda, 70
- Glienke, 166
- Gl igoric, 168
- Hernandez, 71
- Holzhauer, 111
- H u l ak, 166
- Kasparov, 149, 166, 183
- Kengis, 157
- Kl arenbeek, 183
- Kotronias, 149
- Kouatly, 85
- Kramnik, 87
- Kupreichik, 169
- Ligteri n k, 185
- Lputian, 117
- Mainka, 157
- Marti n i , 166
- M iles, 148
- M i l ov, 24
- Morovic Fern andez, 184
- M ovsesian, 124
- Nogueiras, 16
- Pi rrot, 147, 184
- Psakh is, 156
- Petursson, 115
- Ras i n , 168
195
- Razuvaev, 7 0 , 83
- Renet, 70
- Ri b l i , 84
- Roman i s h i n , 183
- Salov, 24
- Sax, 84, 184
- Schlosser, 27
- Sei rawan , 168
- Shirov, 11, 173
- Sl u tzky, 166
- Sokolov, 12, 183
- Soroki n , 124
- Spasov, 166
- Spraggett, 57
- Stoh l , 86
- Sueti n , 185
- Tai m anov, 168
- Tim man , 26, 183
- Torre, 78
- Tseshkovsky, 168
- Tu kmakov, 8o, 167
- U hlmann, 171
- Vaganian, 166
- van der Sterren, 76
- Va'i sser, 168
- Vi lela, 166
- Vu lfson , 166
- Wi rthenso h n , 70
- Zapata, 184
z
Zapata, Alonso - Yusupov, 184

Zej bot, I . M . - Levi n , 147
Zh u k - Gol' berg, 147
Zh u ravlev, N i kolay - Kapengut, 109
A P P E N DI X
1 96
Exp l a n ati o n of s y m bo l s
white stands sl ightly better
white has a clear advantage
+white has a decisive advantage
1-0 white won
black stands sl ightly better
+
black h as a clear advantage
+
-+
black h as a decisive advantage
0-1 b l ack won
equal or eq ual chances
2-Yz d raw
mate
#
an i n teresti ng move
I?
a very good m ove
I
an
excellent m ove
II
a d u bious m ove
?I
a mistake
?
a blunder
??
with attack
t
with i n i ti ative
with counterplay
white to move
D
black to m ove
;!;
--+
--+
00
i50
Q
1:::.
)(
()
0
0
0
IE
))
((
ED
.l
@
..
t
0
rn
6
u nclear
with compensation for the m aterial
better is
with the idea
weak poi nt, o r endangered piece
development advantage
greater board room
zugzwang
only m ove
fi le
d i agonal
centre
kingside
q ueenside
time
ending
pair of bishops
bishops of opposite colo u r
bishops of the same colour
passed pawn
wh at should white p l ay?
what should b l ack p l ay?

Chess Lessons by Artur Yusupov (Gnv64)

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Chess Lessons by Artur Yusupov (Gnv64)

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ARTUR YusuPov

Translated and edited by Daniel King

1 Back- Rank Combi nations

2 Cand idate Moves 15

3 The Wrong-Coloured Bishop -35

6 Double Attack -95

Exerci ses - 119

Exerc i ses - 175

Recogn ising the early o u tl i nes of mating

The attacker isn't afraid of sacrificing ma

Ossip Bernstein -J ose Capablanca

Con d i ti o n s a re perfect for a back-ra n k

A d o u b l e attack o n q ueen and rook. At

2. ... Wb2-b1 3. We2-f1 Wb2x c2

Th is was one of the m ost d ra matic a n d

Black's pos ition is tota l ly lost, but the for

Exerdses (sol ut;ons p . 11-13)

CHAPTER I BACK-RANK COMBINATIONS

CHAPTER I BACK-RANK COM BINATIONS

CHAPTER I BACKRANK COMBINATIONS

CHAPTER 1 BACKRANK COMBINATIONS

Minic - Honfi, Vrnjacka Banja 1966

Djaja - Staudte, 1958

Fontein - Euwe, Amsterdam 1939

Alekhine - Bernstein, Vilnius 1912

Mikenas - Aronin, Moscow 1957

Selyavkin - Belousov, 1973

Janowski - Burn, Oostende 1907

Shirov - Yusupov, Bundesliga 1995/96

Mikenas - Bronstein, Tallinn 1965

Alden - Nilsson, Sweden 1972

Rovner - Kamyshev, Moscow 1947

Alekhine - Kohnlein, Dusseldorf 1908

Paulsen - Anderssen, Leipzig (m5) 1877

Alekhine - Reshevsky, Kemeri 1937

NN - NN, Yugoslavia 1949

Smyslov - Lilienthal, Leningrad/Moscow 1941

Torre - Timman, Hamburg 1982

1. . . . lD(J+ z. gz [2. exfJ1il' x fi + J. x fi Ah3+

Reti - Bogoljubow, New York 1924

Lepek- Kohnen, 1962

Alekhine - Frieman, New York (sim) 1924

Crouch - Speelman, Hastings 1992

Alekhine -Johner, Trinidad 1939

Sliwa - Stoltz, Bucharest, 1953

Vidmar - Euwe, Karlsbad 1929

Vodopyanov - Kanzyn, 1974

Shampouw - Silalachi, Indonesia 1971

Sokolov - Yusupov, Riga (m3) 1986

Lowcki - Tartakower,Jurata 1937

of the deflecting sacrifice 6. l"!.f5 ! (Black also has

A xds 4 l"!. xe2) 3 . xeS+ ]

less than 5 points

ELO 1000 - 1500

ELO 1500 - 1700

ELO 1700 - 1900

ELO 1900 - 2 100

ELO 2 100 - 2 200

more than 6 3 points

Before we sta rt to ca l c u late, we have to

(The other poss i b i l ity 61. q, leads to a

The selection of candidate moves has a cru

Artur Yusu pov -jesus N ogueiras

15. exf6 gxf6 16. xf6 g8