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3. (a) Discuss briefly about radiative losses in the optical fiber [8]
(b) Explain the core and cladding losses in the optical fiber and also derive the
expression for those losses [4+4]
4. (a) With respect to LED what is internal quantum efficiency and derive the ex-
pression for the lifetime reduction caused by interfacial recombination. [3+5]
(b) If the radiative and non radiative recombination lifetimes of the minority car-
riers in the active region of an LED are 1ns and 100ns, respectively, find the
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internal quantum efficiency and the bulk recombination lifetime in the absence
of self absorption and recombination at the heterojuntion. [4+4]
6. (a) What are the requirements of an optical receiver? Using a flow chart explain
the receiver design. [4+4]
(b) Derive an expression for receiver sensitivity. [8]
7. (a) Discuss about the Point to Point Fiber Optic Link and its characteristics with
an example? [5+3]
(b) Explain about the frequency chirping and its effects. [5+3]
8. (a) A single-mode fiber has a normalized frequency V=2.40, a core refractive index
n1 =1.47, a cladding refractive index n2 = 1.465, and a core diameter 2a=9µm.
Find the insertion losses of fiber joint having a lateral offset of 1µm.
(Assume if any data is missed)
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1. (a) List out the advantages and disadvantages of optical fiber communication.
[5+3]
(b) Distinguish between optical fiber communication system and conventional
communication system. [4+4]
2. (a) Derive an expression for power flow in Graded Index fiber. [6]
(b) Determine the normalized frequency at 820nm for step index fiber having a
25µ metres core radius, n1 =1.48 n2 =1.46.
i. How many modes propagate in the fiber at 820nm and 1550 nm. [5+5]
3. (a) Derive the expression for the waveguide dispersion also find the relationship
between V and β. [7+3]
(b) A single mode fiber operating at the wave length of 1.3µm is found to have
a total material dispersion of 2.81ns , and a total waveguide dispersion of
0.495ns Determine the received pulse width and approximate bit-rate of the
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fiber if the transmitted pulse has a width of 0.5ns. [6]
4. (a) Draw the schematic of edge emitting double hetro junction LED and explain
its working in detail. [3+5]
(b) If the radiative and non radiative recombination lifetimes of the minority car-
riers in the active region of an LED are 25ns and 100ns, respectively, find the
internal quantum efficiency and the bulk recombination lifetime in the absence
of self absorption and recombination at the heterojuntion. [4+4]
5. (a) Draw the schematic of Fabry Perot Resonator Cavity for a laser diode and
explain how the optical radiations are generated. [3+7]
(b) Draw the LASER diode characteristics. [6]
6. (a) What are the requirements of an optical receiver? Using a flow chart explain
the receiver design. [4+4]
(b) Derive an expression for receiver sensitivity. [8]
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3. (a) Compare the optical parameters of free space with dispersive & non dispersive
mediums. [4+4]
(b) List the differences between intramodal & intermodal dispersions. [4+4]
4. (a) A single mode step-index fiber gives a total pulse broadening of 95ns over a
5km length. Estimate the Bandwidth length product for the fiber when a
Non-return to zero digital code(NRZ) is used.
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(b) With the help of relevant expressions. Explain pulse spreading mechanism in
graded index fibers. [8+8]
5. (a) Draw the schematic of Fabry Perot Resonator Cavity for a laser diode and
explain how the optical radiations are generated. [3+7]
(b) Draw the LASER diode characteristics. [6]
6. (a) What are the requirements of an optical receiver? Using a flow chart explain
the receiver design. [4+4]
(b) Derive an expression for receiver sensitivity. [8]
7. (a) Give an account of Fiber optic link power budget with an example. [4+4]
(b) List the factors involved in launching optical power from a light source to a
fiber. [8]
8. (a) Describe with the aid of a suitable diagram, for measurement of fiber attenu-
ation using cutback technique? [3+7]
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1. (a) Give the block diagram of a digital optical fiber communication system and
explain the functions of each block. [4+6]
(b) With respect to band width explain how optical fibers are advantageous over
coaxial cables. [6]
2. (a) What are the requirements for the materials to be used for optical fibers
(b) Write in detail about glass fibers. [8+8]
3. (a) Two step index fibers one of which is of mono mode type and the other one
in the multimode type have the following parameters:
The mono mode fiber has a core diameter of 8µm and core refractive index of
1.5.
The relative refractive index difference between the core and cladding is 0.3%
The operating wavelength is 1.55µm . Calculate the critical radius of curvature
at which bending losses occur in the fiber
(b) With the help of relevant expressions explain material dispersion and waveguide
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dispersion. [8+8]
5. (a) Discuss the requirement for population inversion in order that stimulated emis-
sion may dominate over spontaneous emission. Illustrate your answer with an
energy level diagram of a laser. [6+2]
(b) Discuss the mechanism of optical feedback to provide oscillation and hence
amplification within the laser. Indicate how this provides a distinctive spectral
output from this device. [5+3]
6. (a) What are the requirements of an optical receiver? Using a flow chart explain
the receiver design. [4+4]
(b) Derive an expression for receiver sensitivity. [8]
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