E
M
E
R
G
I
N
G

R
E
S
P
O
N
S
I
B
I
L
I
T
I
E
S
:

Signage
And
Way‐Finding
At
The
University
Of
Waterloo
Research
Proposal:
Mapping
the
Campus
(Using
Loca?ve
Media)
‐
Part
1
(Survey)
“Loca?ve
Media
n.
describes
a
set
of
locaAon‐based
technologies
–
wireless,
surveillance,
tracking
and

posiAoning
 technologies
 –
 that
 enable
 informaAon
 to
 be
 Aed
 to
 geographical
 space.
 These
 include

Global
PosiAoning
Systems
 (GPS),
mobile
phones,
 wireless
 laptops,
bluetooth,
wireless
 networks
 and

RFID
 (Radio
 Frequency
 IdenAficaAon),
 WiFi
 and
 Global
 Systems
 for
 Mobile
 CommunicaAons
 (GSM);

these
enable
people
to
locate
themselves
and
others
within
geographical
space,
while
also
aRaching

informaAon
 to
 geographical
 posiAons
 (by
 using
 the
 longitude
 and
 laAtude
 received
 from
 the
 GPS

device).
 Most
 modern
 mobile
 devices
 as
 well
 as
 having
 locaAon
 aware
 capabiliAes
 are
 also
 able
 to

access
the
Internet,
allowing
informaAon
to
be
stored
and
retrieved
from
remote
databases.
The
mass

proliferaAon
of
these
technologies
has
rendered
them
almost
ubiquitous.


Loca?ve
 Media
n.
names
 the
field/s
 of
 pracAce
coalescing
around
arAsts
 and
technologists
 who
 use


portable,
 networked,
 locaAon‐aware
 compuAng
 devices
 for
 user‐led
 mapping,
 commercial
 locaAon‐
based
services
and
arAsAc
intervenAons
in
which
geographical
space
becomes
it's
canvas.”

Figure
1:


Jeremy
Wood's
My
Ghost,
London
GPS
Map
2009.
Abstract
(Survey
and
Digital
Implementa?on)

People
are
always
working‐out
ways
of
walking
through
campus,
skirAng
around
new
buildings,
towards
a
faculty
not
yet
visited.

So,
rather

than
a
map
of
the
asphalt
and
paver
paths
already
installed
on
campus,
and
rather
than
(or
in
addiAon
to)
adding
names
to
these
paths
to

orient
users,
or
providing
addresses
or
branding
with
fonts
or
colours

or
what
have
you,
what
I
envision
is
a
map
of
the
paths
people
use,

persistently
updated
and
tagged
with
text,
photos,
audio,
and
video
(all
searchable,
of
course).
The
goal
is
to
shiW
from
a
top‐down
map
to
a
boRom‐up
map:
in
lieu
of
(or
in
addiAon
to)
a
map
measured
and
drawn
and
organized
with

layers
of
names
and
map
icons,
I
propose
a
map
which
traces/tracks
the
space
that
is
occupied,
and
collects
some
record
of
the
things
that

happen
 in
 that
 space.
 
 With
 a
good
 interface,
 this
cloud
 of
 user‐generated
 data
will
 revoluAonize
 wayfinding
 in
 a
persistently
 changing

place.
I
 propose
 using
 an
 iPhone
 to
collect
 GPS
 and
 accelerometer
 data
in
 order
 to
 trace
 in
 4d
 (x,
 y,
 z,
 and
 t)
 the
 paths
 of
people
 (graduate

students
 in
 architecture,
 for
 a
start)
 exploring
 main
 campus
 and
 taking
 photos,
 sketching,
 and
 wriAng
 about
 what
they
 sense
and
 what

“senses”
them
 (imagining
 the
campus
 as
an
 organism:
sending/receiving/organizing).
 
 The
 paths
followed
 are
 then
 modeled
in
 a
 3d/4d

modeling
 program
 (or
 collecAon
 of
 programs:
 Rhinoceros
 3d,
 Grasshopper
 3d,
 and
 Processing
 1.0)
 and
 annotated
 with
 geotagged

informaAon
(tweets,
photos,
video/audio
recordings
and
sketches).

I
imagine
that
eventually
an
applicaAon
 (for
smartphones)
which
permits
anonymous
collecAon
of
GPS
and
accelerometer
data
becomes

popular
 enough
 that
a
good
 sample
 of
students
 are
being
 tracked.
Their
 movements
are
 expressed
 on
 a
 4d
 digital
 model
 of
 the
 paths

walked
on
campus,
 annotated
(like
google
earth?)
with
images,
videos,
audio
recordings
and
 blog/twiRer
posAngs.
 
News
or
informaAon

which
has
a
spaAal
relaAonship
(the
locaAon
of
a
lecture,
for
example)
would
also
be
included.

Eventually,
a
field
of
beacons
of
some
sort
–
pylons
with
a
mulAcoloured/dimming
light
might
do,
maybe
with
a
screen,
or
a
touchscreen

(an
iPad?)
–
could
re‐present
some/all
of
the
data,
disseminaAng
collected
info
and
adverAsing
the
available
resource.
This
will
be
both
a
stand‐alone
project
as
research
for
the
wayfinding
system
design
(collecAng
narraAve
and
spaAal
data,
and
producing
a

3d
model
of
the
“paths‐travelled”),
and
will
be
incorporated
into
the
final
signage
design
to
become
a
self‐renewing
wayfinding
 resource.

IncorporaAon
of
this
system
into
the
final
product
will
also
potenAally
provide
a
plaaorm
for
spaAal
research
for
the
School
of
Architecture

and
 other
 faculAes:
 students
 could
 write
 their
 own
 applicaAons
 for
 the
 smartphone
 and
 adverAse
 approved
 projects
 through
 the

wayfinding
system
and/or
draw
data
from
the
wayfinding
applicaAon.
 Figure
1:
Bruce
Nauman's
Slow
Angle
Walk
(BeckeC
Walk),
1968.

“In
homage
to
Arena
Quad
I+II
of
Samuel
BeckeR
and
the
character
Molloy,
Bruce
Nauman
walked
for
about
an
hour
on
a

space
defined
by
starAng
with
a
line
drawn
on
the
ground.

With
his
hands
clasped
behind
his
back,
placing
one
leg
at
a

Ame
on
the
ground,
walking
–
instead
of
an
ordinary
gesture
–
becomes
a
dance
of
the
weights
and
conAnuous

rebalancings
of
the
body
while
giving
rise,
through
the
sound
of
the
cadenced
steps,
to
a
rhythmical,
sonorous
space.”

Francesco
Careri,
Walkscapes
“A
Pedestrian
Community:
Way‐Finding,
in
its
form
and
organizaAon,
anAcipates
the
university
community;
it
is
the

insAtuAonalizaAon
of
our
hospitality.
At
night
in
December,
on
a
rainy
day
in
November,
on
the
first
day
of
term
in
September,
waiAng
for

the
bus
in
February,
or
passing
Ame
outdoors
in
June,
our
community
can
sense
the
absence
of
that
hospitality.
By
degrees,
the
campus

becomes
an
unwelcoming
place.

Right
now,
with
a
transit
and
parking
plan
that
makes
the
pedestrian
network
the
prime
address
for
most
buildings,
everyone
is
a

pedestrian
by
the
Ame
they
step
off
the
ring
road
into
campus,
if
not
hundreds
of
yards
farther
out.

And
right
now,
a
person
on
foot
–
a
student,
a
visitor
or
guest,
a
faculty
member,
an
administrator,
a
member
of
the
university’s
substanAal

force
of
support
workers
–
can
only
make
his
or
her
way
through
campus
either
by
traversing
the
parkland
to
the
west
of
Main
Campus
(an

aRracAve
environment
of
diminishing
significance),
or
by
walking
an
informal,
linked
network
of
building
corridors
and
tunnels
(closed
at

night
and
relaAvely
incoherent)
or
by
walking
a
network
of
service
lanes,
marked
with
service
doors
and
bays,
and
dumpsters
(inhospitable

with
service
traffic
by
day,
dark
and
apparently
insecure
at
night.)


The
Campus
is
a
terrain
that
is
transparent
only
to
the
experienced,
who
tend
to
follow
only
their
own
parAcularly
worn
paths
in
this

terrain;
in
an
almost
exclusively
pedestrian
community,
it
is
a
terrain
of
special
knowledge.”
‐
Donald
McKay
University
of
Toronto

Harvard
University

University
of
Waterloo
Mapping
Session
I
‐
mapping
the
space
of
the
campus
community

1.
 Use
your
 assigned
 class
 schedule
 to
roughly
 plan
 your
 day
–
you
 should
 be
 present
 in
 the
 public
spaces
 adjacent
 to
the
appropriate

classroom
 before
 and
 aWer
 scheduled
 classes
 to
 record
 your
 experience
 in
 that
 place
 and
 to
 meet
 potenAal
 parAcipants
 (“typical

students”).

Approach
people
entering,
leaving
and
using
the
place
you
are
in.
Use
the
recruitment
script
below
to
ask
them
if
they
would
mind
telling

you
a
liRle
bit
about
the
place
you
are
in
and
how
it
relates
to
other
places
they
go
to
on
campus.
If
they
are
willing
to
engage
in

conversaAon,
start
with
these
quesAons:


Tell
me
about
this
place
(the
place
you
are
in
now).
What
is
it
called?


Where
are
you
coming
from?
(Where
were
you
before
here?)
How
do
I
get
there?


Where
are
you
going
next?
How
do
I
get
there?


If
the
parAcipant
is
willing,
record
your
conversaAon,
or
a
porAon
thereof,
using
Audioboo.
Do
not
collect
any
personal
iden?fying
data

(i.e.,
the
par?cipant's
name
or
image).
Do
not
use
video
to
record
interviews.

2.
Share
 the
local
 knowledge
discovered
 during
 the
 conversaAon
 and
 try
 to
represent
 the
place
from
 the
 perspecAve
 of
the
parAcipant

using
the
media
at
your
disposal.
Do
not
include
any
personal
iden?fying
data
(i.e.,
the
par?cipant's
name
or
image).



3.
Go
to
the
places
menAoned
by
parAcipants
and
repeat
the
process
of
approaching
people
in
that
place
and
asking
if
they
would
like
to

parAcipate
in
the
survey.



4.
 IdenAfy
 thresholds,
 entrances,
 places
 of
 social
 congregaAon,
 and
 exisAng
 methods
 of
 wayfinding
 wherever
 possible.
 Report
 on

organized/spontaneous
acAviAes
occurring
 in
 the
places
 you
visit
 and,
 if
possible,
 determine
 how
and
 where
the
event
informaAon
was

disseminated.



5.
Use
the
MoAonX
GPS
iPhone
app
to
save
a
GPS
track
of
the
paths
you
travel
throughout
the
day.
Include
waypoints
to
idenAfy
places
of

interest
along
the
way.
Use
tags,
such
as
the
following,
to
idenAfy
collecAons
of
observaAons:

#SmellMap
#HandDrawnMap
#MetaphorMap
#SenseMap
#NameMap
Mapping
Session
II
‐
"mappers"
interpreta?on
of
campus

1.
Using
what
you
 learned
 about
campus
during
 the
first
 mapping
 session,
 speculate
on
 the
design
 of
a
wayfinding
system
‐
what's
your


best
guess
at
how
to
tackle
the
problem?

2.
Play
 with
 the
 media
at
your
 disposal!
 
Use
it
to
comment
 on
the
themes
 of
this
project:
experience
of
place,
 recogniAon
of
paRerns,


walking,
web
2.0,
technology
and
culture,
memory,
spaAal
intelligence...

3.
Take
elevaAon
shots
of
assigned
buildings
on
campus
(will
be
used
by
our
team
as
texture
maps
in
SketchUp).