1.

TITLE
Differential Leveling
2. OBJECTIVE
After the field operations, the students should determine the
elevation of given points by differential leveling.
3. MATERIALS
3.1Automatic Level/ Dumpy Level with Tripod
3.2Stadia Rods
3.3Marker ( Chalk)
4. PROCEDURES
4.1. Designate the Initial Reference Point of the level route as BM-1
and the terminal points as BM-2. Also established turning points
along the route not necessarily along the line between BM-1
and BM-2
4.2. Set up and level the instrument at a convenient location along
the general designated route between the BM-1 and the first
turning point TP-1
4.3. Take and Record a back sight on BM-1. Direct a Rodman to
move forward to the first turning point. Take and record a
foresight on TP-1
4.4. Transfer and set-up the instrument at another suitable location
between TP-1 and another turning point TP-2. Take and record a
back sight on TP-1. Direct the rodman to move to the next
turning point. Take and record a foresight on TP-2
4.5. Repeat procedure 4.4 to take back sight and foresight on
turning points until a foresight is finally taken on BM-2
4.6. Compute the height of the instrument and elevation using the
following equations:
HI- Elev + BS
Elev = HI FS
Where,
HI = Height of the instrument above a reference datum
BS = Back sight reading on the rod (or plus sights)
FS = Foresight
reading on the rod (or minus sights)
Elev = Vertical distance above or below a reference datum.
4.7. To check the accuracy of the arithmetic computations, add all
the back sights as well as all the foresight the difference
between these two sums must be equal to the difference in
elevation between the initial and final points.

5. ILLUSTRATION

6. DATA TABULATION
STA
BM 1
TP 1
TP 2

BS
20

HI

FS
40

TP 3
TP 4
TP 5
BM 2
Table 6-1 data for the differential leveling

7. PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Elevation

Remarks

Differential leveling is the process of measuring vertical distances

from a known elevation point to determine elevations of unknown points.
The most common methods to determine elevation are through the use of
a compensator type, automatic (engineering level) and level rod(s), and
an electronic digital barcode leveling instrument with barcode rod. A
thorough knowledge of leveling principles and proper application of
methods and equipment will prevent costly delays and generate the
needed results and accuracy [1].
With the given procedure, the group performed the activity; one
of the members is assigned to set up the tripod while the other one
marks. After marking the area one of the member stands in the mark
place (BM-1) while member that set up the tripod in between of BM-1 and
TP-1. Recorded the value of UHR, MHR, BHR computing for it elevation the
group finished the field work.
Therefore concluded that this method of measuring vertical
distance is accurate because of the approximate value of the elevation.
8. REMARKS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
In performing this activity there are several thing to remember;
the tripod should always be set in balance in if not the whole experiment
will not be effective and inaccurate. The position of the tripod should be
in between the two points if not the value of the back and fore sight will
increase and this may cause inaccuracy in the difference of elevation
values.
Also while performing the whole activity avoid places with
obstruction like crowded places, this may affect the proximity since its
hard to find the right place to set the tripod, Three-tire leveling is method
of measuring the distance of elevation that is still used till now and
proven accurate, just follow the instructions for better result.

9. DOCUMENTATION