ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
Introduction
This research intends to address this gap and seeks to investigate how CSR is
actually implemented at the barangay level, and on the factors that influence this
implementation. It also contributes to knowledge by exploring the context of the
implementation of CSR practices.
Corporate social responsibility is an upcoming phenomenon in industries, but
also in academic literature. CSR definitions are scattered and differ from each other.
CSR can also be seen as a resource on its own, if it is used to influence business
operations in a strategic way. If CSR is seen as a resource and if it meets all conditions,
a company is able to gain competitive advantage because CSR has short-term costs
and long term benefit.
To nurture a strong corporate culture, organizations must understand that it has
obligations to the society. The societies where business is located occupy a central
place in such culture. The purpose of this paper is to slow the effect of social
responsibility on the society. Davis et al (1988) was of the opinion that the creation of a
better social environment benefits both society and business. Society gains through
better neighborhoods and employment opportunities, business benefits from a better
community since the community is the source of its workforce, and the consumer of its
products and services.Reputation is an intangible resource for a firm and thus it can
affect the competitive advantage.

The company gives back to the society in turn,

people get to know about the company who helped them most and cater to their
1

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
products and services. It is about how companies manage the business processes to
produce an overall positive impact on society. Chakraborty (2010) said that corporate
social responsibility policy function as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby
business would monitor and ensure their adherence to law, ethical standards and
international norms. Business would embrace responsibility for the impact of their
activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and
all other members of the public sphere. As globalization accelerates and large
corporation serve as global providers, these corporations have progressively recognized
the benefits of providing corporate social responsibility programs in their various
locations.
Statement of the Problem
This chapter aims at justifying the choice of research questions and establish the
importance of the topic. In doing so, the chapter focuses on five key areas of interest.
1. What is the demographic profile of the citizens residing in barangay 639
regarding the following:
Name
Age
Gender
Education
Work
Contact number
Years of residency in Barangay. 639
2. What are the projects identified as CSR by the barangay officials?
From what organization or company did these CSR projects came from?
Are the projects implemented extensively among all the citizens?
How often CSR projects are executed?
3. What are the possible factors that motivate the company/individual in engaging in
CSR projects?
2

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
Rules & Regulations
Customers/citizens expects you to
Cost savings
4. What are the impacts of the CSR projects to the community?
Companys positive image
Citizens improved way of living
Environmental sustainability
5. What influence does CSR have on a firms competitive advantage? How does it
affect a firms reputation?
Brand differentiation
Creating a better public image
Getting more media coverage
Statement of Assumptions and Hypothesis
This section presents an insight on how a conclusion can be outlined. The
following alternative hypotheses were devised to serve as a guide in the further analysis
of the research.
1.

H1: The profile of the respondents is determined through age, gender, level of

income, source of income, level of consumption of utilities, number of household

members, place of origin and house ownership.
H0: The profile of the respondents cannot be determined through age, gender, level of
income, source of income, level of consumption of utilities, number of household
members, place of origin and house ownership.
2. H1: The barangay is capable enough to have a CSR project.
H0: The barangay is not capable enough to have a CSR project.
3

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
3. H1: The CSR project of the barangay is thought thoroughly before established or
implemented.
H0: The CSR project of the barangay is not thought thoroughly before established or
implemented.
4. H1: The CSR project of the barangay made essential improvements on the
respondents way of living
H2: The CSR project of the barangay did not make essential improvements on the
respondents way of living.
5. H1: The implemented CSR project significantly affects the community development of
the barangay.
H2: The implemented CSR project does not significantly affect the community
development of the barangay.
Relevance of the Study
Primarily the study is relevant to communities affected by the CSR Projects,
which is specifically made or done in Baranagy 639, as the study is directed to that
area. The study shall be relevant to the community because it will show the
development attributed by the Baranagay Kagawads, Staff, and Barangay Captain.
They shall be the primary concern of the study for whatever development that will take
place due to the CSR Projects.
Scope and Limitation of the Study
4

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
The study covers the Corporate Social Responsibility of Barangay 639.
"Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by businessto
contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce
and their families as well as of the community and society at large. The study would
like to make inquiries on the projects implemented by the officials, whether these
projects benefit the community as well as its impact on each resident of Barangay 639.
It discussed the different CSR projects that was taking effect inside the community. The
study also conducted surveys on some chosen respondents to provide a better outcome
for this research. It focuses on the effect of such projects on their lifestyle and to
determine if these projects provide the needed benefits for a better living. Providing
school supplies and improving waste management are some of their ongoing CSR
projects.

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature
CSR INITIATIVES BY THE MOTOROLA AND TOYOTA COMPANIES
Author: Augustus Mutemi
Company: Toyota Motors
Community: Thoku region (Japan)
Toyota has been having various initiatives to assist the survivors of the Great East
Japan Earthquake to recover from its aftermath. This program has been christened the
Disaster Area Recovery Support. This shows how sensitive to the lives of the people the
company is and has continued to be. The company is also on record for donating cars
occasionally for such projects as disaster management, education, health and
environmental management systems. This is done through the companys initiative
christened 100 cars for good.
CSR ACTIVITIES BY COCA-COLA

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
Author: Ajay Raj Singh
Company: Coca-Cola
Community: Kismaros Village (Hungary)

Over 80 Coca-Cola employees assisted in beautifying certain parts of the Kismaros

camp of the Pest County Child and Youth Foundation by painting 235 square meters of
walls on the volunteer day. They are committed to support the communities where they
operate with the belief that they can only be successful if the community around them is
successful as well. Until their next volunteering day, employees apply for Employee
Voluntary Fund through which they can initiate voluntary programs and contribute to
their implementation.
CORPORATIONS, UNIONS AND CSR IN SOUTH KOREA
Author: Wol-san Liem
Company: Samsung
Community: Tanbu-myeon, Chungbuk (South Korea)
Samsung C&T Engineering & Construction Group has been trying to lend a helping
hand in every corner of the globe and to people in need in Korea by helping villagers
complete their harvesting tasks and by doing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
works in areas near construction sites. Samsung employees actively take part in onion
7

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
harvesting tasks in Tanbu-myeon, Chungbuk, where ties of friendship with Samsung
C&T were initiated in 2003. Members also help with the jujube harvest well as helping at
a local college festival, creating unforgettable memories with the villagers.

DREAM GREEN: HYUNDAI EMPLOYEES VOLUNTEERING PROGRAM

Author: Janani Arul
Company: Hyundai Motors
Community: Village Mavelurkuppam (India)
The CSR initiative of Hyundai Motor India with FSL India, A Dream village, targets
holistic development of the village Mevalurkuppam, located in Sriperumbudur block,
Kacheepuram District, at 5 km vicinity of HMI pvt ltd. As a part of initiative, Hyundai
employees volunteer to put all their effort to make a Dream Village to be a Green
Village. FSL India coordinates this volunteering program of Hyundai employees towards
planting 1800 fruit

trees in the households, making 10

Kitchen Gardens in the

households, 230 Trees Planted around the pond and on the road sides.
CSR INITIATIVES BY THE MOTOROLA AND TOYOTA COMPANIES
Author: Augustus Mutemi
Company: Motorola
8

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
Communities: California, Illinois and Pennsylvania (USA)

Concerning education in the community, Motorola Company is accredited for

launching the FIRST Robotics Competition FIRST LEGO League and a number of
Robotics Clubs for students in California, Illinois, and Pennsylvania. The winners of the
various competitions that are involved therein are sponsored by the company to study
engineering. This has enabled many people who are talented in these sporting activities
to also attend school and learn. The company by doing so enhances its relationship with
the people who are not even its consumers.
Local Literature
The evolution of CSR networks starts with the decade of donations when
companies primarily provided financial assistance to NGOs and charitable institutions.
The second phase is the decade of organizations when companies partnered with
intermediaries or established their own foundation to undertake CSR. The third phase is
the decade of citizenship when companies incorporated end-users in the design and
implementation of the CSR programs. The fourth phase is the decade of continuous
improvement when companies internalized CSR programs in policy formulation. The
current phase is the decade of engagement where corporations CSR programs address
the concerns of society in general. Although CSR is at varying levels of development in
various Asian countries, CSR has generally followed a similar evolution (Roman, 2007).

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
In a community there is a sense of community which is defined as the feelings of
cooperation, of commitment to the group welfare, of willingness to communicate openly,
and of responsibility to and for others as well as to ones self (Ismail, 2009). Leaders
play major roles in the community, they are responsible for any community events , and
community leaders are individuals who attempt to influence others to take responsibility
for their actions, their achievements, and the community welfare.
Social

responsibility

activities

could

contribute

to

the

macroeconomic

development of a developing country through sustainable benefit to all (Chetty,

2012). Some benefits of social responsibility in the Philippines are that there is improved
quality of life, balanced ecosystem, waste management and clean and green
environment.
Every barangays most basic programs are recycling and waste management.
Recycling and waste management is a big help in maintaining cleanliness, and can help
in peoples quest in protecting the environment and having a cleaner and healthier
environment. In the Philippines, solid waste management is embodied in RA 9003 or the
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000. This law provides the legal
framework for the countrys systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste
management program that shall ensure protection of public health and the environment
(Environment Management Bureau-DENR, 2009).
Dumping of water waste is becoming to be a vast challenge. This is the concern
of NEDA Board Resolution No.5, series of 1994 which stated the national policy for
urban sewerage and sanitation (Magtibay, 2006). The management of liquid wastes
10

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
entails a matched system of policies which covers requisites on drainage, sewers, and
wastewater treatment facilities. It is also a complex issue as it transfers across various
sectors: domestic, industrial, agricultural, etc. With the current situation of the country,
with its political clashes and poverty situation, liquid waste management had largely
been focused only in the private sectors (Contreras, 2005). Treatments are largely
carried out by industrial groups. Effective domestic liquid waste management occurs
mostly in private homes.
Barangay 639s CSR Projects and Synthesis
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been defined by the European
Commission as the responsibility of enterprises for their impacts on society. According
to the Commission, to fully meet their social responsibility, enterprises should have in
place a process to integrate social, environmental, ethical human rights and consumer
concerns into their business operations and core strategy in close collaboration with
their stakeholders.
Barangay 639s commitment to social responsibility is the improvement of the
quality of life of its citizens to provide them for a better living. It believes that every
community, no matter how large or small, has an impact in some way, on the
world people live in.
Health
Barangay 639 is a great believer that health is wealth.

11

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
For the past several years, Barangay 639 has successfully and continuously
provided health care services and developed a bridge of medical assistance to its
citizens through its bi-annual medical mission. The mission has been really of great help
for the barangays citizens. Thats why the mission has been running for years.
Among the services Barangay 639 provides are basic healthcare services such
as medical check-up, blood pressure test, maternal and child healthcare training, and
free circumcision.
Education
Barangay 639 aids its citizens in terms of education through giving school
supplies to children prioritizing those who are financially deprived. The barangay truly
believe that the youth is really the hope of the nation so it is necessary that the youth
should be given all the benefits they need to improve their way of learning.
Environment
Barangay 639 implements effective waste management that contributes to the
development of a green economy.
The barangay has been improving its waste management through fixing its
drainage system and promoting the significance of recycling. It really improves not just
the lifestyle of the citizens but helps preserving the environment.
Research Paradigm

12

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
Basic Assumptions
1. We assumed that the barangay 639 had a barangay hall.
2. We assumed that the barangay 639 was small.
3. We assumed that the barangay has 639 many projects.
4. We assumed that the barangay 639 had CSR.
5. We assumed that the barangay 639 gets involved in medical missions.
6. We assumed that the barangay 639 was organized
7. We assumed that the barangay 639 gets involved in social activities.
8. We assumed that the people in the barangay 639 were accommodative.
9. We assumed that the people in the barangay 639 were kind.
10. We assumed that the barangay 639 has waste management projects.

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

13

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
The researchers conducted a qualitative research which emphasized the ability
of qualitative data offered into complex social processes in approaching corporate social
responsibility in the chosen community, Barangay 369, San Miguel, Manila. Qualitative
research is primarily an exploratory research. It is used to gain an understanding of
underlying reasons, opinions and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or
helps to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. Interviews,
survey design techniques and individual case studies were the qualitative methods used
as a way to reinforce and evaluate findings over a broader scale.
Respondents Profile
The selected respondents for the study are residents of Brgy. 639, Manila City, as
they are the selected sample to be observed and to be inquired, for their Social
Responsibility Projects and how these projects affect them. The study is focused on
households, mostly adults and teenagers, the age of 15 and above.
From observation, the residents of Brgy. 639 is mostly young to middle aged, well
raised, and well educated. Also, the residents seem middle class, given the place they
live in which is near the Malacaang.

Sample Size

14

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
Brgy. 639, has a total household population size of 972, given their small
population estimation, only nearly 1000, and also given that Brgy. 639 has a reasonable
range of middle aged population according to observation, the

researchers shall

determine the number of respondents to survey, using the Slovins formula. Slovins
formula shall be computed as follow:
n=

N
1+N(e2)

Where:
a = sample size
N = total number of household population
1 = constant
E = desired number of error
With the use of the Slovins formula with a desired margin error of 20%, the
number of respondents shall be computed as follows.
n=

N
=
972
1+N(e2)
1+ 972 (0.202)

= 24.37

The Slovin formula therefore suggest that the number of respondents to be used
as a sample for the survey is 24 or 25 residents.

Data Processing
15

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
When the questionnaires will be completed, the result of the responses shall be
tabulated and analyzed to determine the best conclusion for the study.
Statistical Treatment
The statistical tests to be preformed for the study are as follows:
1. Frequency, used to determine the number of responses to the survey with
regards to the questionnaires. Percentage is the representation of frequency
as it is part of a 25 or of a hundred. The following formula is used to
determine frequency:
P=

n
N

x 100

Where:
P = percentage of frequency
n = number of respondents
N = total number of respondents
100 = constant
2. Weighted mean will put weights on every response. The formula for
computing the weighted mean is as follows:

wm =

fx
f

Where:
16

ASSESSMENT OF THE BARANGAY 639 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PROJECTS

AND ITS IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY
Wm = Weighted mean
fx = sum of all the products of f and x
f = sum of all the frequencies
f = frequencies
x = number of respondents

17