Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
HOW IT WORKS:
IFAS, Integrated Fixed Film Activated Sludge (IFAS) also known as CFAS
(Combined Fixed Film Activated Sludge) process is a combination of two
fundamental biological wastewater treatment technologies namely fixed film growth
and suspended growth technology.
In the IFAS/CFAS process, fixed film media/carriers are added to the conventional
activated sludge system aeration tank which allows growth of biomass on it. The
growth of micro organisms on the attached phase enables significant increase in the
biomass in the aeration tank increasing the SRT of the system without increase of
recycled sludge flow rate.
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BIOFILM GMBH AND NEITHER THIS
DOCUMENT NOR ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED, REPRODUCED,
COPIED, USED OR DISCLOSED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN CONSIDERATION OF THIS
PROPOSAL WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BIOFILM GMBH.
Retention of higher biomass in the system rendering higher loading rates and
improved process stability
Smaller foot print
Lower sludge production compared to suspended growth only system
Improved settling characteristics of sludge
Lower solids loading rate to secondary clarifiers and thus improving their
performance and operation
Improved process recovery from upsets
TRADITIONAL MLE (Modified Ludzack-Ettinger ) Process for BNR:
MLE is the most popular configuration of BNR process in which Nitrates produced
during the Aerobic phase are recycled back to the Anoxic reactor place upstream of
the Aerobic reactor where the generated Nitrates are denitrified under Anoxic
conditions with the help of facultative heterotrophs brought with the Return Activated
Sludge (RAS) stream. An MLE process requires both RAS pumping as well as
Nitrate Recycle Flow which is termed as Internal Recycle (IR). From the process
control point of view it is one of the simple process configurations. To avoid
excessive hydraulic loading of the clarifier the IR flow is taken from the aeration tank
effluent weir and before the clarifier inlet. At times, to avoid over sizing and hydraulic
loading on the retention screens and effluent weir, the IR pumps are installed inside
the Aeration Tank close to the effluent weir but before retention screens so that the
hydraulic capacity required for the retention screen and effluent weir is reduced.
A conceptual process flow diagram for the MLE Process is as below:
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BIOFILM GMBH AND NEITHER THIS
DOCUMENT NOR ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED, REPRODUCED,
COPIED, USED OR DISCLOSED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN CONSIDERATION OF THIS
PROPOSAL WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BIOFILM GMBH.
Requires high level of Nitrate Recycle flow which increases the plant power
consumption
reactors and also due to all the returned activated sludge directed towards first
Anoxic reactor, the first train(s) of the configuration can be operated at higher MLSS
while the later trains are operated at lower MLSS which makes the MLSS range
received at the clarifier within acceptable limit for better settling properties and thus
excessive solids loading on clarifier can be avoided and at the same time higher
MCRT than MLE can be achieved. The principle advantage of the step feed
configuration is complete elimination or negligible requirement for nitrate recycle
pumping.
A conceptual process flow diagram for Step Feed BNR system is as below:
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BIOFILM GMBH AND NEITHER THIS
DOCUMENT NOR ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED, REPRODUCED,
COPIED, USED OR DISCLOSED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN CONSIDERATION OF THIS
PROPOSAL WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BIOFILM GMBH.
Due to fine pore structure of LEVAPOR carriers, it is feasible to operate the Aerobic
IFAS zones at higher MLSS concentration and achieve highly stable nitrification and
BOD removal. The anoxic zones developed due to high internal porosity and higher
substrate gradient also helps to achieve higher level of simultaneous nitrification and
denitrification which further reduces the Anoxic zone foot print and thus higher level
of Total Nitrogen removal efficiencies can be achieved.
Specific Advantages offered by LEVAPOR StepFeed-IFAS Process are as follows:
Reduced foot print and thus upgradation of existing plants to BNR feasible
with higher flows and higher loading
Remarkable process stability
Lower foot print
Elimination of Nitrate recycle and thus huge power saving
Higher MCRT and MLSS in early compartments without affecting the solids
loading to clarifiers
Flows can be split between different compartments based on organic loading
and denitrification substrate requirement offering better organic/flow loading
management along with better utilization of substrate for denitrification
LEVAPOR TECHNOLOGY:
The LEVAPOR STEPFEED-IFAS technology offers economical, efficient, compact
and most resilient biological wastewater treatment process solutions for plant up
gradation, nitrogen removal and wastewater reuse.
Carrier adsorbent capacity, higher internal porosity, higher wetting and fluidization
properties along with lower weight are critical to achieve faster colonization,
protection of biomass, higher mass transfer, better mixing and homogenization
capacity and reduced energy consumption.
Our unique carriers made of flexible, durable, porous, light weight PU foam
impregnated with activated carbon have been designed to achieve these properties
for optimal performance of biological processes.
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BIOFILM GMBH AND NEITHER THIS
DOCUMENT NOR ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED, REPRODUCED,
COPIED, USED OR DISCLOSED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN CONSIDERATION OF THIS
PROPOSAL WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BIOFILM GMBH.
PRINCIPLE CHARACTERISTICS:
The hydrophilic nature of PU foam renders fast wetting properties and higher
fluidization capacity allowing for better homogenization and optimal mass
transfer efficiencies of substrate and nutrients across the PU carrier matrix.
High internal porosity of PU carriers makes the process highly resilient to flow
and pollutant loading variations protecting biomass against adverse
conditions.
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BIOFILM GMBH AND NEITHER THIS
DOCUMENT NOR ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED, REPRODUCED,
COPIED, USED OR DISCLOSED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN CONSIDERATION OF THIS
PROPOSAL WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BIOFILM GMBH.
LEVAPOR CARRIERS
COLONIZED CARRIERS
LEVAPOR ADVANTAGES:
Simultaneous nitrification-denitrification
Lower Sludge production and better sludge settling and dewatering properties
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BIOFILM GMBH AND NEITHER THIS
DOCUMENT NOR ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED, REPRODUCED,
COPIED, USED OR DISCLOSED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN CONSIDERATION OF THIS
PROPOSAL WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BIOFILM GMBH.
LEVAPOR
up to 20,000
Unmodified PUR-foam
up to 2500
Plastic carriers
300 to 1200
very high
moderate
low
12 to 15 %
75 to 90 %
20 to 40 %
75 to 90 %
30 to 70 %
porosity
wetting
immediately / 1- 3 days
water uptake
up to 250 %
ionic charge
+ to colonisation by microbes
60 to 90 min.
full fluidization at gas upflow
4 to 7 (m/mxh)
carrier retention
8-10 mm sieves
aeration
fine bubble aeration
additional energy for fluidization
not required
excess sludge removal
by fluidization
variability of properties
very variable
up to 3 months
- remarkably lower
- non variable
- several weeks
n.d.
8-10 mm sieves
fine bubble aeration
required ( > 20-25% filling)
n.d.
quite narrow
50 75 %
months (after colonisation)
- negligible
no
several weeks to months
via coars bubble aeration
screens
coarse bubble
because of coarse bubbles
by fluidization
negligible
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION:
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAIN PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BIOFILM GMBH AND NEITHER THIS
DOCUMENT NOR ANY INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE PUBLISHED, REPRODUCED,
COPIED, USED OR DISCLOSED FOR ANY PURPOSE OTHER THAN CONSIDERATION OF THIS
PROPOSAL WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF BIOFILM GMBH.