2008

B
1 115 1 15
1 1

1She found me very dull.

A dirty B sleepy C lazy D boring
2The President made a brief visit to Beijing.
A short B working C formal D secret
3He was persuaded to give up the idea.
A mention B accept C consider D drop
4Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day.
A eats B drinks C buys D produces
5Mary just told us a very fascinating story.
A strange B frightening C difficult D Interesting
6it's a gorgeous day anyway.
A lovely B cold C normal D rainy
7Her lire is becoming more diverse.
A generous B humorous C varied D romantic
8Foreign military aid was prolonging the war.
A broadening B worsening C extending D accelerating
9 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice.
A unable B indecisive C ready D reluctant
10 She is slender with delicate wrists and ankles.
A sick B weak C slim D pale
11 With immense relief. I stopped running.
Asome B enormous C little D extensive
12 The scientists began to accumulate data.
A collect B handle C analyze D investigate
13 Jack eventually overtook the last truck.
A hit B passed C reached D led
14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance.
A possible B profitable C easy D wise
15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle.
A fact B mystery C statement D game
2 1622 l 7
7
A B
C

Survey Finds Many Women Misinformed about Cancer

Sixty-three percent of American women think that if theres no family history of cancer. You're
not likely to develop the disease, a new survey found.
1n factmost people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer according to the
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ACOG
which sponsored the survey.
"Too many women are dying from cancerDr. Douglas W. Laube, ACOG's immediate
past presidentSaid during a Friday teleconference. "An estimated 200070 women will die in the
U. S. this year and over 600. 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer. The results of this
survey found a worrisomegap in women's knowledge about cancer."
Based on the findings ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the
need for regular screening tests.
Although the survey found many misconceptions about cancer, 76 percent of
women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the
disease.
However, only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk. And 10 percent said
they hadnt done anything in the past year to lower their risk. Seventeen percent said they
wouldnt change their lifestyles even if changes would lower their cancer risk..
Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer. Twenty
percent said they didn't want to know if they had cancer.
In response to these findings ACOG will launch on Oct. 2g a new website-Protect& Detect
What Women should know about cancer. The guide is designed to help women to take charge of
their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can
take to cut that risk.
16 Many American women have a poor knowledge of cancer.
A Right BWrong C Not mentioned
17 People with no family history of cancer are unlikely to develop cancer.
A Right BWrong C Not mentioned
18 More women are dying from cancer than men in America.
A Right BWrong C Not mentioned
19 Most American women know too little about how to lower their cancer risk.
A Right BWrong C Not mentioned
20 Some American women are just unwilling to change their lifestyles.
A Right BWrong C Not mentioned
21 Some American women are too afraid of finding cancer to undergo screening.
A Right BWrong C Not mentioned
22 ACOG's efforts to educate women about cancer will be greatly appreciated.
A Right BWrong C Not mentioned
3 2330 l 8
2 1 2326 6 l4

 1 2 2730 6 1

Depression and the Elderly

1
We all feel sad at times. However, clinical depression is a serious matter. Clinical depression
sometimes called major depression is a biologically based brain disorder that affects one's
thoughts, feelings, behavior, and physical health. When people complain that they feel terrible,
they have no Interest or take no pleasure in things, have trouble sleeping, lack energy, have poor
appetite, or cannot concentrate, depression is a definite possibility.
2
Depression in its many forms affects more than 6.5 million of the 35 million Americans who
are 65 years or older. Most older people with depression have been suffering from episodes
of the illness during much of their lives. For others, depression has a first onsetin
late life-even for those in their 80s and 90s. Depression in older persons is closely associated with
dependency and disability and causes great suffering for the individual and the family.
3
Many older people and their families don't recognize the symptoms of depression, aren't
aware that it is a medical illness and don't know how it is treated. Others may mistake the
symptoms of depression as signs of dementia . Also, many older people think that
depression is a character flaw and are worried about being stigmatized
, so they blame themselves for their illness and are too ashamed to get help.
Others worry that treatment would be too costly.
4
Older persons with depression rarely seek treatment for the illness. Unrecognized and
untreated depression has fatal consequences in terms of both suicide and non-suicide mortality
. The highest rate of suicide in the US is among older white men. Depression is the
single most significant risk factor for suicide in that population. Tragically, many of those people
who go on to commit suicide have reached out for help 20% see a doctor the day they
die,40the week they die. and 70in the month they dieYet depression is frequently missed.
23Paragraph l
24Paragraph 2
25Paragraph 3
26Paragraph 4
AHow common is depression in later life ?
BWhat is depression?
CWhat relieves depression in older people?
DWhy does depression in older people often go untreated?
ECan depression in older people be treated?
FWhat are the consequences of untreated depression in older people?
27Clinical depression is different from .
28Depression in older people is strongly linked with .
29Depression is regarded by many older people as .
30Many older people commit suicide as a result of .
Aa character flaw

Bnormal sadness and grief

Ca definite possibility
Ddependency and disability
Ea significant factor
Funrecognized and untreated depression
4 3145 3 45
3 , 5 , 1

U. S. Life Expectancy Hite New High

Life expectancy rates in the United States are al an alltime high, with people born in
2005 projected to live for nearly 78 years, a new federal study finds.
The finding reflects a continuing trend of increasing life expectancy that began in l955, when
the average American lived to be 69.6 years old. By l995, lire expectancy was 75.8 years and by
2006, it had risen to 77. 9 years, according to the report released Wednesday.
"This is good news," said report co-author Donna Hoyert, a health scientist at the national
Center for Health Statistics. It's even better news that it is a continuation of trends, so it is a long
period of continuing improvement."
Despite the upward trend, the United States still has lower lire expectancy than some 40 other
countries, according to the U. S. Census Bureau. The country with the longest lire
expectancy is Andorra at 83.5 years, followed by Japan, Macau, San Marino and Singapore.
Much of the increase owes to declining death rates from the three leading causes of death in
the country-heart disease, cancer and stroke.
In addition, in 2005, the U. S. death rate dropped to an all-time low of less than 800 deaths
per l00, 000.
Dr. David Katz, director of the Prevention Research Center at Yale University School
Medicine. Said, "News that lire expectancy is increasing is, of course, good. But the evidence we
have suggests that there is more chronic disease than ever in the U. S."
Adding years to life is a good thing, Katz said. "But adding vital life to years is at least
equally important. If we care about living well, and not just longer, we still have our work cut out
for us." he said.
31Since l 955, lire expectancy rates in the U. S. have
Amoved up and down.
Bbeen declining.
Cremained steady.
Dbeen on the rise.
32Compared with the country with the longest lire expectancy, the U. S. is
Anearly 3 years behind. Bnearly 4 years behind.
Cnearly 6 years behind. Dnearly 8 years behind.
33The increase In the U. S. lire expectancy is mostly due to
Adeclining death rates from heart disease, cancer and stroke.
Bincreasing lire expectancy rates in some other countries.
Ca rise in the rate of chronic disease.

Da declining birth rate.

34Which of the following statements is NOT true?
AThe U. S. 1ife expectancy is at an alltime high.
B The U. S. death rate was at an all-time low in 2005.
C Chronic disease appears to be at an all-time high in the U. S.
D The annual death rate in the U. S. is over 800 deaths per l00, 000.
35The expression "adding vital to years" in the last paragraph means
Aliving longer
Bliving well.
Cliving longer and wellDliving at any cost.

When Fear Takes Control of the Mind

A panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long, but It may feel like
forever. The cause can be something as normally uneventful at driving over a bridge or flying in
an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many
times before. A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands. Difficulty breathing. A dizzy feeling. At flirts a
person may have no idea what is wrong. But these can all be signs of what is known as panic
disorder. The first appearance usually is between the ages of l 8 and 25. 1n some cases it develops
after a tragedy. Like the death of a loved one, or some other difficult situation.
In the United States, the National Institute of Mental Health says more than two million
people are affected in any one, year period. The American Psychological Association says panic
disorder is two times more likely in women than men. And it can last anywhere from a few
months to a Lifetime.
Panic attacks can be dangerous for example, if a person is driving at the time. The
Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water. 1t is
famous for scaring motorists. There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across.
Some people who suffer a panic attack develop a phobia, a deep fear of ever repeating
the activity that brought on the attack.
But expends say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or anti
depressantmedicines. Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with
or avoid a panic attack. There are breathing methods, for example, that might help a person calm
down. Panic disorder is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders. A
study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases.
1t says these include thyroid disease, lung and stomach problems, migraine
headaches and allergic conditions. Researchers at the University of
Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder.
But, they say, exactly how the two are connected remains unknown.
36Which is NOT a possible sign of panic disorder?
A A fast heartbeat.
BSweaty hands.
CDifficulty breathing. D A joyful feeling.
37Which is NOT mentioned as a possible cause of panic disorder?
ADriving over a bridge. BFlying in an airplane.
CBeing between the ages of l 8 and 25. DLosing a loved one.

38Panic disorder is said to emend from

Aa few months to a few years Ba few months to a lifetime.
Ca few days to a few months. Da few minutes to a few days.
39Which is NOT a possible treatment for panic disorder?
ARepeating the activity that brought on the attack.
BTaking anti-anxiety or antidepressant medicines.
CTalking to a counselor.
DLearning special breathing methods.
40Panic disorder is a kind of
Alung and stomach problem, Bmigraine headache.
Callergic condition.
Danxiety disorder.

A Tale of Scottish Rural Life

Lewis Grassic Gibbon's Sunset Song 1932was vote "the best Scottish novel of all Time" by
Scotland's reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of
the lives of Scotlands poor rural farmers, it has been adapted for stage, film, TV and radio in
recent decades.
The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kinraddie, in the farming country of the Scottish
northwest in the years up to and beyond World War l. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both
part of the community and a little outside it.
Grassic Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine
. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working
fatherexperience tragedyher mother's suicide and murder of her twin childrenAnd learn
about her feelings as she grows into a woman. We see her marry, lose her husband, then marry
again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot believe
that she is the creation of a man.
But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a
place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kinraddie's long history, in a language that
imitates the place's changing patterns of speech and writing.
The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. 1t is told from Chris' point of view
but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody
else's business and nothing is ever forgotten.
Sunset Song has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grassic Gibbon perceives as the
destruction of traditional Scottish rural| |life first by modernization and then by World War l.
Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characterS resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the
young men away. a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris' husband,
Ewan Tavendale. The war finally kills Ewan, but not in the way his widow is told. In fact, the
Germans arent responsible for his death, but his own side. He is shot because he is said to have
run away from a battle.
If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead. It is a "Sunset Song" butt is
concerned too with the new Kinraddie, indeed of the new European world. Grassic Gibbon went
on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story.

41What is Sunset Song mainly about?

AThe First World War.
BThe beauty of the sunset.
CThe new European world. DThe lives of rural Scottish farmers.
42Which statement is NOT true of Chris?
AShe is the heroine of Sunset Song. BShe had a miserable childhood.
C She is the creation of a man. D She married only once.
43What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with?
AThe climate of Kinraddie. BThe history of Kinraddie.
CThe geography of Kinraddie. DThe language spoken in Kinraddie.
44Who killed Chris' husband. Ewan?
AHis own troops. BThe French army.
CThe Germans.
DThe Russian soldiers.
45The word "Sunset" in the title of this novel most probably means
Athe end of the heroine's life.
Bthe end of the story.
Cthe end of the traditional way of life. Dthe end of the day.
5 4650 2 10
5 , 6 5 ,

Rising Tuition in the US

Every spring, US University administrators gather to discuss the next academic year's Budget.
They consider faculty salaries, utility costs for dormitories, new building needs and repairs to old
ones. They run the numbers and conclude-it seems. Inevitably-that, yet again, the cost of tuition
must go up.
According to the US's College Board, the price of attending a four-year private university in the
US rose 81 percent between lgg3 and 2004. 46 In 2005 and 2006, the numbers
continued to rise.
According to university officials, college cost increases are simply the result of balancing
university checkbooks. "Tuition increases at Cedarville University are determined by our revenue
needs for each year." said the university's president. Dr Bill Brown. Student tuition pays for 78
percent of the universitys operating costs. Brown's school is a private university that enrolls about
3,100 undergrads and is consistently recognized by annual college ranking guides like US News
and World Report's and The Princeton Review's. 47
Tuition at private universities is set by administration officials and then sent for approval to the
school's board of trustees. 48This board overseesall of a state's
public institutions.
John Durham, assistant secretary to the board of trustees at East Carolina University ECU
explains that state law says that public institutions must make their services available whenever
possible to the people of the state for free. Durham said that North Carolina residents only pay 22
percent of the cost of their education. 49State residents at tending ECU pay about
US$10.000 for tuition, room and board before financial aid.

Amid the news about continued increases in college costs, however, there is some good news.
Tuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal|, increases in financial aid at almost
every university. To receive financial aid, US students complete a formal application with the
federal government. The federal government then decides whether an applicant is eligible
for grants or loans.50
A The application is then sent to the student's university, where the school itself will decide
whether free money will be given to the student and how much.
B At public universities, however, tuition increases must also be approved by a state education
committee, sometimes called the board of governors.
CThe school currently charges US$23,410 a year for tuition.
DMany American people are simply unable to pay the growing cost of food.
EThat's more than double the rate of inflation.
F The state government covers the rest.
6 5165 l 15
l5 1

Breastfeeding Can Cut Cardiovascular Risk Breastfeeding can reduce the

risk of a heart attack or stroke later in lire and could prevent hundreds of 51 of
deaths each year, researchers said on Friday.
Babies who are breastfed have fewer childhood infections and allergiesand are less
52to obesity. British scientists have now shown that breastfeeding and
slow
growth in the first weeks and months of life has a protective effect 53
cardiovascular
disease.
Diets that promote more rapid growth put babies at risk many years later In54of
raising their blood pressure, raising their cholesteroland increasing their tendency to
diabetesand obesityhe55main risk factors for stroke and heart attack.
said Professor Alan Lucas of the Institute of Child Health in London.
"Our evidence suggests that the reason why breast-fed babies do better is because they grow
more56 in the early weeks."
Lucas said the effects of breastfeeding on blood pressure and cholesterol later in lire are greater
than 57 adults can do to control the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, other
than taking drugs.
An estimated l 7 million people die of 58 disease, particularly heart attack and
strokes each year, according to the World Health Organization.
Lucas and his colleagues compared the health of 21 6 teenagers59 as babies had
either been breastfed or given different nutritional baby formulas. They reported their
60 in the lancet medical journal.
The teenagers who had been 61 had an l 4-percent lower ratio of bad to good
cholesterol and lower concentrations of a protein that is a marker for cardiovascular disease risk.
The researchers also found that 62 of the child's weight at birth, the faster the
Infants grew in the early weeks and months of life, the63was their later risk of heart

disease and stroke. The effect was the64 for both boys and girls.
"The more human milk you have in the newborn period, the lower your cholesterol level is the
lower your blood pressure is l6 years65," Lucas said.
51A hundredsB thousandsC millions
D numbers
52likely B possible Ceasy
D prone
53A against B towards C onto
D for
54A words B cases C terms
D places
55A two
B four
C six
D five
56A slowly B quickly C weakly
D obviously
57A this B that
C nothing
D anything
58A rare B strange C cardiovascularD multiple
59A
60A
61A
62A
63A
64A
65A

who
B
ventures B
trained B
fond
B
smaller B
true
B
later
B

whom
findings
raised
aware
greater
right
after

C
C
C
C
C
C
C

what
D which
examples
D decisions
adopted
D breastfed
regardless D because
faster
D harder
proper
D same.
more
D ago

2008
B
1. D2. A3. D4. A5.D
6. A7. C8. Cg. Dl0.C
11. Bl2. Al3. B14. Dl5. B
16. Al7. Bl8. Cl9. B20. A
21. A22. C23. B24. A25. D
26. F27. B28. D29. A30. F
31. D32. C33. A34. D35. B
36. D37. C38. B39. A40. D
41. D42. D43. B44. A45. C
46. E47. C48. B49. F50. A
51. B52. D53. A54. C55. B
56. A57. D58. C59. A60. B
61. D62. C63. B64. D65. A

110 l
3145 3
4650 2
5165 l
100