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4571
DEFINITION:
Grade 316 is the molybdenum-bearing (Mo) grade, second in importance to 304 amongst the austenitic
stainless steels. The molybdenum (Mo) gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than Grade
304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion on the service and in the material. It has
excellent forming and welding characteristics. It has multi-purpose utilization in sectors such as industry,
architecture and transportation. Post-weld annealing is not required when welding thin sections.
Grade 316L is the low carbon version of 316. Therefore, post-welding annealing is not required when
welding thick sections as well in Grade 316L.
316Ti includes low amounts of titanium (Ti) at around 0.5%. This grade offers the advantage of prolonged
endurance at elevated temperatures compared to the other two grades.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION:
Grade
Mn
Si
Cr
Mo
Ni
Min
16.0
2.00
10.0
Max
0.08
2.0
0.75
0.045
0.03
18.0
3.00
14.0
0.10
Min
16.0
2.00
10.0
Max
0.03
2.0
0.045
0.03
18.0
3.00
14.0
0.10
Min
16.5
2.00
10.5
Ti
Max
0.08
2.0
0.75
0.045
0.03
18.5
3.00
14.5
0.50
316
316L
0.75
316Ti
CORROSION RESISTANCE:
Excellent in a normal range of corrosive media, more resistant than 304. Subject to internal material pitting
and crevice corrosion in warm acidic environments and to stress corrosion cracking above 60C.
Considered resistant to potable water with about 1,000 mg/L chlorides at ambient temperatures, reducing
about to 500 mg/L at 60C.
HEAT RESISTANCE:
316 has good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 870C and in continuous service to 925C.
However, it will have reduced aqueous corrosion resistance in the temperature range of 425-860C. Grade
316L is more resistant to carbide precipitation since it has lower carbon (C) percentages.
HEAT TREATMENT:
Heat to 1010 1120C and cool rapidly. Cannot be hardened through thermal treatment.
WELDING:
Excellent weldability by all standard methods such as; electrode, gas, rod welding, etc.. Welding of 316 is
pre-qualified with Grade 316 and 316L with Grade 316L rods or electrodes. Heavy welded sections in Grade
316 require post-weld annealing, but this is not required in lighter welded sections. Grade 316L does not
require that even for heavy welded sections (e.g. for 6mm and over). Grade 316Ti should be used as an
alternative to 316 for heavy section welding.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES:
Hardens
Grade
Tensile Strength
(MPa) min
Yield Strength
0.2% Proof
(MPa) min
Elongation
(% in 50mm)
min
Rockwell B (HR Brinell (HB) max
B) max
316
515
205
40
95
217
316L
485
170
40
95
217
316Ti
515
205
40
95
217
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
Elastic
Density
Quality
Modulus
(kg/m3)
(GPa)
Mean Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
(m/m/C)
Thermal
Conductivity
(W/m.K)
Specific
Heating ElectricResistivity
0-100C
(n.m)
(J/kg.K)
316/L/Ti
8000
193
15.9
16.2
17.5
16.3
21.5
500
740
British
Grade
Euronorm
UNS
No
BS
En
No
Name
sve
SS
Japon
JIS
316
S31600
316S31
58H, 58J
1.4401
X5CrNiMo1712-2
2347
SUS 316
316L
S31603
316S11
1.4404
X2CrNiMo1712-2
2348
SUS 316L
316Ti
S31609
316S51
1.4571
X6CrNiMoTi1712-2
SUS 316Ti
APPLICATIONS:
IN STOCKS:
Bar, hexagon, strip, square, angle, sheet, pipe, fittings.