Annotated Bibliography

Primary Sources
Bacon, Francis, and Joseph Devey. Novum Organum. New York: P.F. Collier, 1902. Print.
An original book by Francis Bacon, this book details the ideas that Bacon wanted to circulate,
especially the idea of constant experimentation and the idea of overwritten ultimate truth.
This book was essential for me to gain an understanding of Francis Bacon's ideas.
Bacon, Francis. New Atlantis. Oxford: Clarendon, 1924. Print.
This book is an unfinished novel by Francis Bacon describing a utopian society based on logic
and religion. Francis Bacon uses the book to describe his own ideals, where religion and
logic are unified. This book helped me understand Francis Bacon's ideas and motivations
more.
Descartes, Rene, and Donald A. Cress. Meditations on First Philosophy: In Which the
Existence of God and the Distinction of the Soul from the Body Are Demonstrated.
Indianapolis: Hackett Pub., 1993. Print.
The birthplace of the famous quote, "I think, therefore I am," Descartes uses this treatise to
create reason based on first truths, demonstrating his motive to become the father of all
reasoning. This book was indispensable in order to obtain a grasp on Descartes work.
Descartes, Rene. Discourses on the Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking
Truth in the Sciences. R.A. Kessinger Pub., 2004. Print.
This book, written about the thought process and proposed method of thinking of Descartes,
helped me to understand not only his thoughts on logic systems, but also his motivation
to create: to completely replace the Aristotelian System, which he believed to be faulty.

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Galilei, Galileo, and Maurice A. Finocchiaro. The Essential Galileo. Indianapolis, IN:
Hackett Pub., 2008. Print.
A primary source and a direct translation of Galileo's works, Finocchiaro provides a crystal clear
version of Galileo that is extremely enlightening of the thought process of Galileo. This
book was very helpful in getting a first person look at who Galileo was.
Galilei, Galileo, Stillman Drake, and Albert Einstein. Dialogue concerning the Two Chief
World Systems: Ptolemaic and Copernican. Berkeley: U of California, 1967. Print.
This book, based on Galileo's original Dialogue and a primary source, is a book about the
primary arguments in the debate on the heliocentric Vs. Geocentric ideals. It also covers
Galileo's "Theory Experiments" Where he uses simulated experiments and mathematics
to disprove ideas instead of using actual experiments. This book was crucial for me to
gain an understanding of the way Galileo thought and discovered Ideas.
Newton, Isaac. Opticks. Palo Alto, Ca.: Octavo, 1998. Print.
This book helped me understand how Newton applied his version of experimentation to his
findings in Physics. It describes his work with prisms and hues in addition to his
developing work on the Laws of Optics.
Newton, Isaac. The Principia. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 1995. Print.
This book gave me a glimpse into the thinking of Isaac Newton, as well as his ideas and
methodology, which would define the Royal Society and change the way in which
science was presented to the world. It also showed me the findings that Newton would
make that would completely change the world, such as his three basic laws and the Laws
of Gravitation.
Secondary Sources
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Banach, David. "Timeline of the Scientific Revolution." Timeline of the Scientific
Revolution. St. Anselm College, 2006. Web. 3 Jan. 2016.
This was a timeline of the Scientific Revolution from Copernicus to the death of Newton. It was
also partially interactive. This helped me to establish a basic map of events and where
everything occurred in relationship to everything else.
BBC News. BBC, 2014. Web. 21 Dec. 2015.
This website is an archive containing articles on hundreds of historical figures. I used this site to
gain information on Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Francis Bacon, and Descartes. These
pages were very useful in gaining broad overviews of the most significant figures that
would shape the Scientific method.
BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2016.
A collection of interviews and videos regarding Newton and his achievements, this website
helped me greatly by describing Newton's Greatest acts and accomplishments. This was
essential in gaining a more in depth viewpoint.
Beyond the Big Bang: Galileo Galilei Video." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d.
Web. 2 Jan. 2016.
This video specifically details Galileo's life and achievements. In supplement to this, it speaks of
how his religious leanings, as well as his way of thinking logically, led him to his
incredible discoveries, as well as to his downfall with the church. This video was
extremely helpful in pinpointing causes and effects of the Scientific Method.
"Beyond the Big Bang: Sir Isaac Newton's Law of Gravity Video." History.com. A&E
Television Networks, n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2016.

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This video, detailing the impacts of Newton's Law of Gravity, touches on how his use of
mathematics and logical reasoning lead to his findings. This video was crucial for me to
understand the connections between the Scientific Method and the achievements of the
Scientific revolution.
Bosveld, Jane. "March 2016." Discover Magazine. Discove, 28 Dec. 2010. Web. 1 Jan. 2016.
This website detailed how alchemists such as Isaac Newton, became the first Chemists once the
foundations were laid. It also details how these ancient scientists also became the
pioneers for logical thinking and the scientific method. This was helpful in giving me one
more perspective in my research.
Bowen, Catherine Drinker. Francis Bacon: The Temper of a Man. Boston: Little, Brown,
1963. Print.
This book not only described Francis Bacon's social side, it also described how his aggression
would power his findings and lead him to shape the Scientific Method, as well as connect
logical reasoning in politics and government. This book was useful in gaining a look at
Francis Bacon's motivations, as well as another connection between science, politics, and
religion.
Bowler, Peter J., and Iwan Rhys Morus. Making Modern Science: A Historical Survey.
Chicago: University of Chicago, 2005. Print.
This book is about the two directional relationship about the development of society and culture.
Bowler and Morus write about how the history of science was often affected by society,
but at the same time, science often affected the direction society pointed in. This book
was extremely helpful in finding both effects and causes of the Scientific Method.

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"Cambridge Digital Library." Newton Papers. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Feb. 2016.
This website is an archive for most, if not all, scientific letters by Isaac Newton, as well as other
famous people. This website was extremely useful to see some of the firsthand accounts
by the geniuses who created the scientific method.
Christianson, Gale E. Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution. New York: Oxford UP,
1996. Print.
This book covers not only Newton's achievements and significant events, but also his personal
life, the life of a man called both divine and sinful. Christianson shows Newton as who he
was, a genius with very human faults. This book helped me with finding the motivations
behind Newton as well as how his achievements would go on to affect others.
Christianson, Gale E. Isaac Newton. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2005. Print.
This book was a marvelously fleshed biography dedicated to portraying the man who changed
science before his 24th birthday. This book was helpful in giving a fresh look at one of
the most influential scientists in the making of the Scientific Method.
Church, R. W. Bacon. London: Macmillan, 1884. Print.
This book was about Francis Bacon, a man who, although did not contribute much to tangible
science, contributed greatly to the philosophy of science, especially in deductive
reasoning and finding a way to produce accurate results. This book was crucial in my
research to provide an accurate background to my knowledge.
Cohen, I. Bernard. The Birth of a New Physics. New York: W.W. Norton, 1985. Print.
This book detailed the creation of physics, along the way describing how the establishment of
deductive/inductive reasoning and the scientific method would effect the branching of

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sciences, causing the birth of physics. This book was useful for me to identify the
subjects that were affected by the scientific method.

Cormack, Lesley B., and Andrew Ede. A History of Science in Society: A Reader.
Peterborough, Ont.: Broadview, 2007. Print.
A collection of primary documents detailing the entire history of science, this book covers prescientific revolution, Greek, and even Muslim scientific background, and runs all the way
to Einstein and Cavendish. This book was extremely useful in establishing a historically
sound foundation of the historical context behind the scientific method.
Cottingham, John. Descartes. New York: B. Blackwell, 1986. Print.
This book devotes a chapter to each of Descartes achievements. It covers them in great detail,
such as how he discovered them and how they would effect others. This helped me
significantly in learning how reasoning ideals before the scientific method affected
scientists and philosophers, as well as how they affected the Scientific Method.
Dear, Peter. Revolutionizing the Sciences: European Knowledge and Its Ambitions, 15001700. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
This book covers the entire formation of modern science in great detail. Starting from the
guesswork of Alchemy and leading up to the creation of medicinal science and physics,
this book shows what impacted and was impacted by the Scientific Revolution. This book
was helpful for me because it gave me a much deeper understanding of the events of the
Scientific Revolution.
DeWitt, Richard. Worldviews: An Introduction to the History and Philosophy of Science.
Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2004. Print.

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This book gave the view of science's birth as the birth of a new philosophy, and supported it with
fresh ideas. It's new perspective gave me a whole new side of the Scientific Method to
contemplate, and allowed me another viewpoint to establish.
Dolnick, Edward. The Clockwork Universe: Isaac Newton, the Royal Society, and the Birth of
the Modern World. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2011. Print.
This book centered primarily around Newton and the Royal Society, yet at the same time
portrayed what defined the geniuses of the time. This book was enlightening because it
gave me another perspective of the scientific revolution.
Drake, Stillman. Galileo: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001. Print.
This book is about Galileo's life as a whole, covering everything from his discoveries and
innovations to his trial and sentence by the church. This gave me the crucial first look at
Galileo, the first step in my research.
Drake, Stillman. Galileo: Pioneer Scientist. Toronto: U of Toronto, 1990. Print.
This book focuses specifically on Galileo's accomplishments and his impacts, detailing the
events that would follow his life, and how they were effected by his findings. This book
helped me in learning about the impacts of the scientific method.
Ede, Andrew, and Lesley B. Cormack. A History of Science in Society: From Philosophy to
Utility. Peterborough, Ont.: Broadview, 2004. Print.
This book was about the movement of the creation of science to learn and applying what was
learned. It gave a very detailed description concerning the connection between learning
and making. This book was extremely useful because it helped me understand the
movement towards reason.

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Ellis, Robert P. Francis Bacon: The Double-edged Life of the Philosopher and Statesman.
N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
This book brought to life not only Francis Bacon's scientific side, but also the side of the
politician, bringing out into the spotlight the motivations behind Bacon's research as well
as how politics would be shaped by his findings. This book was helpful in understanding
how the scientific method would shape unrelated topics such as politics.
"Galileo Discovers Sunspots." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 5 Jan. 2016.
This video details the religious ripples that Galileo's discovery of sunspots on the sun caused. It
describes how ultimately, Galileo's findings would bring him to clash with the Catholic
Church and lead to his downfall. This was helpful in finding the hardships as well as the
effects that the Scientific Method would have.
"Galileo Discovers Craters in the Moon." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 6 Jan. 2016.
This video talks about how Galileo's findings of an imperfect moon would challenge the
religious leader of the time: The Catholic Church. This video was extremely helpful in
identifying the effects of the Scientific Method, something Galileo contributed to greatly.
Galileo Maps the Moon." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 5 Jan. 2016.
This video describes Galileo's fascinatingly accurate depictions of the moon, which were decades
beyond the technology of the time. It was extremely enlightening to discover the ways in
which science would be affected by Galileo's logical thinking.
"Galileo: The Telescope & The Laws of Dynamics." Galileo: The Telescope & The Laws of
Dynamics. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.
This website specifically focused on Galileo, his contributions, and the effect he would have on
the world. It also talks about how his laws of Dynamics would push for a new system of

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reason. This was extremely useful in finding specifics of where the Scientific Method
would be shaped.
"Galileo's Battle for the Heavens." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.
This website detailed the events leading up to Galileo's trial as well as the events that effected
and would be effected by his achievements. This website was enlightening to discover
how Galileo's philosophy and life events would effect the scientific method.
Gaukroger, Stephen. Descartes: An Intellectual Biography. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1997. Print.
This book is dedicated to explaining how Descartes method of reasoning and thinking was
operated, as well as what had made it so. It explains all of Descartes influences, as well as
who was influenced by his discoveries. This was very helpful in identifying the events
that would indirectly affect the Scientific Method.
Gingerich, Owen. The Book Nobody Read: Chasing the Revolutions of Nicolaus Copernicus.
New York: Walker, 2004. Print.
This book was about Copernicus and his revolutionary ideas, as well as how they would
eventually become accepted.. It gave a very detailed description concerning the fight to
make the heliocentric theory widespread. This book was extremely useful because it
helped me understand the movement towards reason, and how events in the Scientific
Revolution were affected by the Scientific Method.
Gleick, James. Isaac Newton. New York: Pantheon, 2003. Print.
This book describes not only Newton's achievements, but also the impact he would have on the
rest of the world. It is in-depth and extremely enlightening. This book was helpful in my
research because it showed me what the impacts of Newton's actions would be, and how
he changed the known world.

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Grant, Edward. The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages: Their Religious,
Institutional, and Intellectual Contexts. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1996. Print.
This book chronicled the very beginning of science, starting from medieval and ancient history,
while the Scientific revolution explained to be simply one small step in many towards
modern science. This book was helpful in identifying the origin of the scientific method,
especially in the Greek and Medieval times.
Grayling, A. C. Descartes: The Life and times of a Genius. New York: Walker, 2006. Print.
This book describes not only Descartes' achievements, but also the impact he would have on the
rest of the world. It emphasized how, despite only making contributions to mathematics
and the Scientific Method, Descartes was immortalized works of others, who based their
works of him. This book gave me the background I needed.
Gribbin, John. The Scientists: A History of Science Told through the Lives of Its Greatest
Inventors. New York: Random House, 2003. Print.
This book explains how reason slowly overcame superstition and reason. Moving logically and
progressively through the ages, Gribbin covers not only the giants of the Revolution, but
also every single creator or inventor allong the way. This book was essential for me to
gain knowledge of another way of viewing the creation of reason.
Grossman, Lisa. "June 8, 1637: Descartes Codifies Scientific Method." Wired.com. Conde
Nast Digital, n.d. Web. 26 Dec. 2015.
This article, describing Descartes' contribution to the Scientific Method, also goes into how it
would affect the rest of history. This article was very enlightening on learning the effects
of the Scientific Method.

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Hall, Marie Boas. The Scientific Renaissance: 1450-1630. New York: Harper & Row, 1975.
Print.
Titled the scientific renaissance, this book covered the effect of the Renaissance on the creation
of science, and how the creation of science effected society and religion. This book
helped me in tying the causes of the scientific method to the Renaissance and how
humanism affected it.
Hall, Rupert. "Isaac Newton's Life." Isaac Newton's Life. Newton Institute, n.d. Web. 9
Jan. 2016.
This website, completely dedicated to Newton's life and accomplishments, provides an in depth
description of Newton as well as a new perspective on his impacts. This was crucial for
me in my research to gain another perspective to look at one of the creators of the
scientific method with.
Hannam, James. The Genesis of Science: How the Christian Middle Ages Launched the
Scientific Revolution. Washington, DC: Regnery Pub., 2011. Print.
This book serves to show one of the biggest causes of the Scientific Revolution: The events of
the Middle Ages. This book was extremely helpful for me in identifying the numerous
reasons why the Scientific Revolution, and thus the Scientific Method was created.
Hatch, Robert. "Introduction - The Scientific Revolution." Scientific Revolution
Introduction.
University of Florida, n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2016. This website details all of the scientific Revolution,
as well as the lives of numerous geniuses playing a role in advancing science. This was
very beneficial to me in learning the main actors in making the Scientific Method, as well
as the effects that would stem from it.

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Heilbron, J. L. Galileo. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2012. Print.

Although simply titled, this book delivers a completely different view of Galileo. It supplies a
rounded description of Galileo's life, as not only an astronomer, but also as a
mathematician, prophet, and even devoted husband. This book helped me to gain a
deeper understanding of Galileo, past the image that the science world has built.
Henry, John. The Scientific Revolution and the Origins of Modern Science. New York: St.
Martin's, 1997. Print.
This book is a broad history of the whole scientific revolution, covering almost everything from
alchemy to zoology. This book was extremely helpful in gaining one more perspective on
the Scientific Revolution and method, and how it was caused.
Iliffe, Rob. Newton: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007. Print.
This book is a fleshed out biography of Newton, covering his interests in Physics, Mathematics,
Alchemy, and even religion. This book was extremely useful for me to gain a quick firstlook picture of who Newton was, which would be invaluable in writing my project.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. Fordha University, n.d.
Web. 10 Jan. 2016.
An archive containing the transcripts of numerous primary and secondary sources, this website
covers the entirety of the Scientific Revolution. This was essential to gaining more
perspectives on the scientific revolution.
Isaac Newton and a Scientific Revolution Video." History.com. A&E Television Networks,
n.d. Web. 5 Jan. 2016.

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This video spoke about the religious leanings the greatest figures in the Scientific Revolution,
especially Newton. It additional wrote about how religion served as one of the primary
motivators for discovery. This video was very helpful in identifying the causes and effects
that the Scientific Method has.
Jack, Albert. They Laughed at Galileo: How the Great Inventors Proved Their Critics Wrong.
N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
This book was written about the geniuses behind the scientific revolution and how they worked
through persecution. This was especially useful, since it gave me a glimpse into their
lives as well as the challenges they had to overcome to persuade the world.
Jacob, Margaret C. The Scientific Revolution: A Brief History with Documents. Boston:
Bedford/St. Martin's, 2010. Print.
This book is a collection of primary documents written both by the inventors and by newspapers
and journalists of the time. They help to build a foundation on how creating new ideas
such as the scientific method were affected by the society of the time, as well as how the
scientific method would affect all inventions coming after that.
Just the Facts: The Scientific Revolution. Dir. R. Guy Erwin, Teofilo Ruiz, and Margaret
Jacob.
2006. Online. Focusing mainly on the logical advancements in the Scientific Revolution, this
film covers each great inventor in turn. This film was extremely helpful to me in learning
a great deal on each of the contributors to the scientific method.
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Copernican Revolution: Planetary Astronomy in the Development of
Western Thought. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1957. Print.

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This book documents the entire Keplerian revolution from pre-Ptolemaic to Ptolemaic to
Keplerian understanding. This book represents what it meant to be an inventor in the
Scientific Revolution, as well as the struggle to overcome persecution. This book helped
me understand the way the acceptance of the Scientific Method would have occurred.
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1970.
Print.
This book details the patterns arising in every movement of science, especially how patterns
arise in breakthroughs of logical progression. This book also talks about how these
changes in thought affect almost every other subject. This book was able to change how I
thought about the Scientific Revolution as well as the Scientific Method.
Lindberg, David C., and Ronald L. Numbers. God and Nature: Historical Essays on the
Encounter between Christianity and Science. Berkeley: U of California, 1986. Print.
This book gave me a number of new viewpoints to consider, especially about the relationship
between religion and science. This gave me the ability to expand upon past views about
how the scientific method affected religion, and how, the scientific method was in fact
affected by religion.
Long, Pamela O. Artisan/practitioners and the Rise of the New Sciences, 1400-1600.
Corvallis, OR: Oregon State UP, 2011. Print.
This book mainly detailed the time between 1400 and 1600 and how the time period itself
affected sciences and art. This was extremely useful because it gave me a big picture
view of the whole time period, as well as the fact that it helped me to establish more
events that effected the creation of the scientific method.

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McClellan, James E., and Harold Dorn. Science and Technology in World History: An
Introduction. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins UP, 1999. Print.
This book is about where Science and Technology fit into the puzzle piece of history. It describes
in detail where Science was influenced, as well as how science changed history. This
book was helpful in gaining a new perspective on how the Scientific Method came into
being and effected Humanity.
Principe, Lawrence. The Scientific Revolution: A Very Short Introduction. N.p.: n.p., n.d.
Print.
This book covered the Scientific Revolution in a different way with a different perspective. It
went through all of the events from the greatest to the smallest, all of which had an effect.
This book was useful to gain another perspective on the scientific method and Man's
encounter with Reason.
Reston, James. Galileo: A Life. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
Concerned more with politics and characterization that with science or research, the book reveals
more about the character of the man behind the legendary court case. This book was
extremely useful because it gave more information about who Galileo was than what he
did.
Rudwick, Martin. "The Destruction of Creationism: How the Search for the Beginning of
Time Sparked a Scientific Revolution." Saloncom RSS. Salon, n.d. Web. 25 Dec.
2016.
Written about a search for a logical beginning began the entirety of the Scientific Revolution.
This news article demonstrates how a search for a more logical reasoning may have

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"Scientific Revolution Video." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 2 Jan.
2016.
This video was about the events in the Scientific Revolution and how it affected today's scientific
world. It specifically focused on Newton as well as the Scientific Method. This video was
extremely helpful in identifying the effects of the Scientific Method as well gain more
perspectives on its effects.
"Scientific Revolution." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.
Containing several videos detailing the most famous scientists of the scientific revolution, this
website was one of the most beneficial, since it contained numerous interviews on the
scientific revolution.
"Scientific Revolution." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.
Containing several videos detailing the most famous scientists of the scientific revolution, this
website was one of the most beneficial, since it contained numerous interviews on the
scientific revolution.
Shapin, Steven. A Social History of Truth: Civility and Science in Seventeenth-century
England. Chicago: U of Chicago, 1994. Print.
This book shows the connection and relationship between science and elitist culture. It
illuminated the social side of many of the scientists who had a hand in creating the
Scientific Method. This book was extremely for me in giving me a grasp of the society
life of a scientist back in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Shapin, Steven. The Scientific Revolution. Chicago, IL: U of Chicago, 1996. Print.

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This book an extremely in depth and fleshed out book on the Scientific Revolution. Covering
what was known, how it was known, and how it effected the known world, this k was
extremely useful for obtaining a broad picture of the Scientific Revolution.
Shea, William R., and Mariano Artigas. Galileo in Rome the Rise and Fall of a Troublesome
Genius. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003. Print.
This book is focused specifically on Galileo, showing his gain in popularity and then his fall out
with the church. This helped me to understand the persecution Galileo faced as well as
what was typical for revolutionary innovators of the time.
Sobel, Dava. A More Perfect Heaven: How Copernicus Revolutionized the Cosmos. New
York: Walker, 2011. Print.
This book was about the movement from religion to science.. It gave a very detailed description
concerning the support of the heliocentric theory, and helped to clear up many of the
myths and misunderstandings. This book was extremely useful because it helped me
understand the movement towards reason, as well as how the scientific method affected
the heliocentric theory.
Steele, Philip. Galileo: The Genius Who Faced the Inquisition. Washington, D.C.: National
Geographic, 2005. Print.
This book focused specifically on Galileo's accomplishments and trial by the catholic church. It
gave me an open window into what Galileo's impact was in being persecuted and
overcoming persecution.

Stokes, Mitch. Galileo. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 2011. Print.

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Emphasizing the relationship between Galileo's religious beliefs and his research, Stokes
provides a book rich with the motivations behind Galileo. This book was extremely
useful not only because of its description of his motivations, but also about how they
specifically prodded him to make the findings that he made.
Stokes, Mitch. Isaac Newton. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 2010. Print.
This is a book about how Newton was just like any other person, with his own quirks and
manias, his own successes and failures. This book was helpful in revealing the
motivations behind Newton, as well as his human side, not just the genius side.
"The Beauty of Diagrams- Newton's Prism." BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 5 Jan. 2016.
This Video showed that through experimentation, observation, and reproducibility, Newton's
ideas were able to become understood and accepted, due to his results being supported at
both experiments and math. This helped me to understand how the scientific method
worked as practical in making results accurate.
"The Scientific Revolution: Science & Society from the Renaissance to the Early
Enlightenment: Lesson Plans." The Scientific Revolution: Science & Society from
the Renaissance to the Early Enlightenment: Lesson Plans. University of Oregon,
n.d. Web. 2 Jan. 2016.
Created by Professors at the college, this collection of lectures and lesson depicts the entire
Scientific Revolution, from beginning to end. This was extremely helpful for me to trace
where the Scientific Method was shaped.
Tyson, Neil Degrasse. "My Man, Sir Isaac Newton." Big Think. N.p., 19 Feb. 2009. Web. 22
Feb. 2016.

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In this short interview with Neil Degrasse Tyson, he explains that Newton is his favorite person
for changing the world before he was even 26. He describes some of Newton's
achievements, as well as how he reasoned with both experimentation and mathematics.
This was very helpful in identifying the achievements and effects of the Scientific
Method used by Newton.
Van Helden, Albert, and Elizabeth Burr. "The Galileo Project." The Galileo Project. Rice
University, 1995. Web. 20 Jan. 2016.
This website detailed the entirety of Galileo's life, with pages devoted to each of the events and
achievements that took place, even covering his religious ties. This was extremely helpful
in learning much more about Galileo and how he influenced rational thought.
Weinberg, Steven. To Explain the World: The Discovery of Modern Science. New York, NY:
Harper Collins, 2015. Print.
This book is written about the historical clashes between Science and religion, as well as with
philosophy. It supported several different viewpoints, which all added to my knowledge.
It was extremely useful in learning how the scientific method might have clashed with
other subjects other than science.
Wootton, David. The Invention of Science a New History of the Scientific Revolution. New
York, NY: Harper, 2015. Print.
This book offers a new take on the scientific revolution, splitting it into 5 different events in
which religion and superstition were dismantled and reasoning and logic raised up. This
book was extremely helpful in getting a new perspective on the Scientific Revolution, as
well as seeing more of the bigger picture.

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kicked off the entirety of the Scientific Revolution. This Article helped me find a new
perspective on the effects of the Scientific Method.
Wootton, David. Galileo: Watcher of the Skies. New Haven: Yale UP, 2010. Print.
This book covers the three main aspects of Galileo, astronomer, engineer and author. In great
detail, Wootton describes Galileo in a whole new light. This helped me to cover different
viewpoints on Galileo, not only on what is commonly known.
Weisstein, Eric. "Branch of Science." Branch of Science -- from Eric Weisstein's World of
Scientific Biography. Wolfram, n.d. Web. 21 Dec. 2015.
This website includes numerous biographies written by Weisstein on Copernicus, Newton,
Galileo, Descartes, and Bacon. This collection was extremely useful in gaining
background information about the major characters in shaping the scientific method.
Williams, Matt. "Who Was Galileo Galilei? - Universe Today." Universe Today. N.p., 05
Nov. 2015. Web. 21 Feb. 2016.
Describing who Galileo was and what his achievements were, this article details his
contributions and effects. This article was very helpful in gaining a deeper understanding
of Galileo Galilei's accomplishments and life.
Image Sources
Alexandria. Pyrrhonian Broad. Digital image. PHILOSOPHENGALERIE. N.p., 2015. Web. 3
Jan. 2016.
Amedee, Guillemin. Pascal's Barrel Experiment. Digital image. The Forces of Nature: A
Popular Introduction to the Study of Physical Phenomena. N.p., 2012. Web. 4 Jan. 2016.
Bacon, Francis. Novum Organum Scientarium. Digital image. Harvard Library. N.p., 2014. Web.
23 Dec. 2015.

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Bacon, Francis. The Cover of the First Edition King James Version Bible. Digital image.
Schoenburg Library of the University of Pennsylvania. N.p., 2010. Web. 7 Jan. 2016.
Baumeister. Bust of Epicurus, in Bronze. Digital image. National Archaeological Museum of
Italy. N.p., 2005. Web. 7 Jan. 2016.
Bosse, Abraham. The Leviathan. Digital image. Thomas Hobbes' "The Leviathan" N.p., 2012.
Web. 6 Jan. 2016.
Busch, George Paul. Portrait of Galen. Digital image. The Lancet. N.p., May 2012. Web. 12 Jan.
2016.
Delecroix, Eugiene. Liberty Leading the People. Digital image. The French Revolution. N.p.,
2012. Web. 30 Dec. 2015.
Descartes, Rene. Nervous System. 1972. Discourses on the Method of Rightly Conducting the
Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print.
Galilei, Galileo. Dialogue Concerning Two Chief World Systems. Digital image. PI System Text
Database. N.p., 20010. Web. 24 Dec. 2015.
Galilei, Galileo. Discourses. Digital image. Wordpress. N.p., 2014. Web. 4 Jan. 2016.
Galilei, Galileo. Galileo's Sketches of the Moon. Digital image. Interrete. N.p., 2014. Web. 12
Jan. 2016.
Galilei, Galileo. Galileo's Sketches of the Phases of Venus. Digital image. Galileo. University of
Arizona, 2011. Web. 27 Dec. 2015.
Gast, John. American Progress. Digital image. Manifest Destiny. N.p., 2013. Web. 7 Jan. 2016.
Hals, Frans. Portrait of Rene Descartes. Digital image. The Louvre. N.p., 2010. Web. 27 Dec.
2015.

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Joshua Zou Project 3613

Hersford. Pascal's Triangle. Digital image. The Life of Blaise Pascal. N.p., 2007. Web. 4 Jan.
2016.
Hooke, Robert. Sketch of Cells: Robert Hooke. Digital image. The Micrographia. N.p., 2006.
Web. 23 Dec. 2015.
Kepler, Johannes. Kepler's Platonic Solid Model of the Solar System. Digital image. Kepler's
Mysterium Cosmographicum. N.p., 2007. Web. 2 Jan. 2016.
Kneller, Godfrey. Portrait of Isaac Newton. Digital image. National Portrait Gallery. N.p., 2013.
Web. 13 Jan. 2016.
Lysippus. Bust of Aristotle. Digital image. Palazzo Altemps. N.p., 2012. Web. 4 Jan. 2016.
Plumb, Gordon. Bishop Robert Grosseteste. Digital image. Morton, St Paul, South Transept
Westernmost, 1896. N.p., May 2015. Web. 4 Jan. 2016.
Portrait of Francis Bacon. Digital image. National Portrait Gallery. N.p., 2015. Web. 4 Jan.
2016.
Portrait of Isaac Newton with His Bible. Digital image. The Life of Isaac Newton. N.p., 2012.
Web. 27 Dec. 2015.
Robert, Boyle. New Experiments Physico-Mechanical Touching the Spring of the Air. Digital
image. Works by Robert Boyle. N.p., 2014. Web. 5 Jan. 2016.
Sustermans, Justus. Portrait of Galileo Galilei. Digital image. National Maritime Museum,
London. N.p., 2006. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.
Top View of the Laboratory. Digital image. Los Alamos National Laboratory. US Department of
Energy, 2010. Web. 10 Jan. 2016.
Turk, J. A. V. The Pasaline. Digital image. Origin of Modern Calculating Machines. N.p., 209.
Web. 26 Dec. 2015.

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