Lara

LAB
RECORD
ELECTRICS DRIVES AND CONTROL LAB
Name
Register Number
Slot
Faculty Name
RAMKUMAR A
13BEE0303
L43 + L44
SUDHAKAR N
SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
CONTENTS:
S.no
1
Date
13/1/2016
20/1/2016
27/1/2016
3/2/2016
3/2/2016
10/2/2016
17/2/2016
2/3/2016
9
10
9/3/2016
16/3/2016
11
23/3/2016
Experiment name
3 phase induction
motor DC dynamic
braking
Rheostatic/dynami
c braking of DC
motor
Plugging of DC
motor
FC 302
initialisation via
14-22
Manual
initialization 3
finger reset
Obtaining drive
information
Application setup
examples(AMA
and speed control)
Speed reference
using
potentiometer
V/F control
Speedup and speed
down operation
Verification of
motor direction
Mark
Signature
3 INDUCTION MOTOR DC DYNAMIC BRAKING

Ex. No. 1
Date: 13.1.2016
Aim:
To detain the braking of 3 phase induction motor using DC dynamic
braking.
NAME PLATE DETAILS:
a) 3 phase induction motor details and rating
(i)
Types of motor: Squirrel cage induction motor
(ii) Voltage
: 415 V
(iii) Current
: 1.3 A
(iv) Speed
: 1440 rpm
(v) Frequency : 50 Hz
Insulation : Class B
Apparatus Required:
S.No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Apparatus
Induction
motor
Ammeter
Voltmeter
Stopwatch
Rheostat
Range
0-10 A
0-230 V
290 ohm/2.8 A
Procedure:
1. Make the connection as per the circuit diagram .
Type
Quantity
MC
MC
1
1
1
1
1
1
2. Initially with switch being position A the working of induction motor is

observed and supply is switched off
natural braking time is observed and
noted.
3. At this point switch S is closed to B side ie applying DC voltage to the two
terminals of stator induction motor by disconnecting the AC supply.
4. Then the motor goes to braking region by decelerating
and come to rest.
Braking, time and current are noted. The values are tabulated by considering
different DC voltages.
TABULAR COLUMN:
S.No
Injected DC
Deceleration time
Deceleration
voltage
without braking
time with DC
Braking current
braking
30 V
7.93
0.6
60 V
8.08
1.80
0.9
90 V
8.46
1.43
1.2
120 V
8.56
1.3
1.4
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
GRAPH:
Plot between time vs voltage and current.
Inference:
Dynamically braking a 3 phase induction motor and decreasing the voltage

leads to a decrease in the deceleration time. Current decreases as the
deceleration time decreases.
Result: The braking of 3 phase induction motor has been obtained using DC
dynamic braking.
RHEOSTATIC/DYNAMIC BRAKING OF DC MOTORS
Ex. No.2
Date: 20.1.2016
Aim
To study the type of braking experimentally applied to self excited DC
motor.
1. Rheostat or dynamitic braking
NAME PLATE DETAILS:MOTOR
GENERATOR
Armature (field) voltage:

Armature current
:
Speed
:
Power
:
230 V
2.3 A
1500 rpm
0.37 kW
230 V
1.8 A
1500 rpm
0.37 kW
Apparatus Required:
SL. No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Apparatus
D.C. motor
Ammeter
Rheostat
Stopwatch
Tachometer
Procedure:
Range
0-10 A
750 ohm/10 A
290 ohm/2.8 A
100 OHM/10 A
Type
Quantity
Self-excited
MC
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Rheostat Braking:
1. Make the connection as per the circuit diagram.
2. The armature rheostat is kept at its maximum, field rheostat is kept at its
minimum and braking rheostat is kept at 50, 10A.
3. The switch is closed to A side and DC supply is given
4. By varying the armature rheostat, the speed of motor is set to 1000rpm with
help of tachometer.
5. Then the switch is moved from A side i.e. supply is disconnected to B side
where braking resistance is present in which generated energy is dissipated.
6. Thus motor comes to rest position after some time due to inertia and braking
time is noted through stop watch.
7. For different values of speed and also different values of braking resistances,
results are obtained and tabulated.
TABULAR COLUMN:
Speed and declaration time without braking:
S.No
Speed (RPM)
Deceleration time (sec)
1.
1113
1.825
2.
1170
1.885
3.
1205
1.94
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
TABULAR COLUMN:
Speed and declaration time with Rheostat Braking:
Deceleration
S.No
R()
Speed (RPM)
Braking time
Braking Current
(sec)
1.
2.
GRAPH:
750
375
1113
0.94
0.14
1202
1.21
0.15
1113
0.96
0.24
1202
0.87
0.23
Inference:
For a fixed resistance, as speed increases, deceleration time and current
increase.
Result:.Rheostat or dynamic braking has been experimentally applied to self

excited DC motor.
PLUGGING OF DC MOTORS
Ex. No. 3
Date: 27.1.2016
Aim :
To study the type of braking experimentally applied to self excited DC
motor.
1.Plugging or reverse voltage braking
NAME PLATE DETAILS:
MOTOR
GENERATOR
Armature (field) voltage : 230 V

Armature current
: 1.8 A
Speed
: 1500 rpm
Power
:
0.37 kW
230 V
2.3 A
1500 rpm
0.37 kW
Apparatus Required:
SL. No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Apparatus
D.C. motor
Ammeter
Rheostat
Stopwatch
Tachometer
Procedure :
Range
0-10 A
750 ohm/10 A
290 ohm/2.8 A
100 OHM/10 A
Type
Quantity
Self-excited
MC
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PLUGGING:
1. Make the connection as per the circuit diagram.
2. The armature rheostat is kept at its max, field rheostat is kept at its min and
braking rheostat is kept at 50
3. The switch is closed to A side and DC supply. is given
4. By varying the armature rheostat, the speed of motor is set to 1000rpm with
help of tachometer.
5. Then the switch is moved from A side (i.e. supply is disconnected) to B side
where dc supply is reversed braking and resistance is present in which generated
energy is dissipated.
6. Thus motor comes to rest position after some time due to inertia and
braking time is noted through stop watch.
7. For different values of speed and also different values of braking
resistances, results are obtainedand tabulated
TABULAR COLUMN:
Speed and declaration time with Rheostat Plugging
S.No
R()
Speed (RPM)
Deceleration
Plugging Current
Plugging time (sec)
50
2
25
755
901
1060
0.54
0.62
0.92
4
5
6
802
900
1052
0.4
0.43
0.44
9
9.4
10
GRAPH:
Inference:
In rheostat plugging, for a fixed resistance, as speed increases,
current and deceleration time increases.
Result: Plugging or reverse voltage braking applied to self excited DC motor
has been studied.
FC 302 Initialisation via 14-22

Ex. No. 4
Date:3/feb/2016
Aim:To reset the VLT Automation Drive FC 302 series to default values.
Apparatus Required:-
PLUGGING
Sl. No.
1.
Apparatus
VLT Automation Drive FC 300
Range
240 Vac
Qty
1
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
Remote I/O Simulation Station
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
DVD Literature
Theory:The premier drive concept for exceptional control:

Designed for variable speed control of all asynchronous motors and permanent
magnet motors, on any industrial machine or production line, a VLT
Automation Drive helps its owner save energy, increase flexibility, and optimize
processes.
VLT AutomationDrives are proven performers in all industrial environments
and grid voltages, including 690V. Enclosures are available up to IP 66
(depending on model), and integrated DC chokes and RFI filters in all models
DC
protect installations by minimizing220
harmonic
distortion and electromagnetic
interferences. All drives are fully tested at the factory before they are shipped.
Easy to set up and operate via the user-friendly graphical control panel, a VLT
AutomationDrive only requires little maintenance once in operation. The result
is an market leading control solution that provides a fast return on investment
and a highly competitive cost of ownership.
Fig:- VLT Automation drives

An integrated drive-motor solution:
The VLT Drive Motor FCM 300 Series is an integrated drive-motor solution
which combines a VLT frequency converter and a high standard quality motor
in a single product.
Fig:- Integrated drive-motor
Fig:- Complete set up for experiment
Procedure:-
1. Press Main Menu

2. Scroll up/down to group 14-** (Special Functions)
3. Press [Ok]
4. Scroll up/down to 14-2* (Trip Reset)
5. Press [Ok]
6. Scroll up/down to 14-22 (Operation Mode)
7. Press [Ok]0 - 10 A MC
8. Select Initialisation
9. Press [OK]
10. Disconnect the mains supply and wait until the display turns off
11. Reconnect the mains supply - the frequency converter is now reset.
12. Observe the message on the Local Control Panel (LCP)
Precautions:1. Do not touch the Power terminals on the FC 302. Voltage levels can be
dangerous.
2. Be aware of rotating motor shaft.
Note:- Initialisation via 14-22 initialises all parameters except for:
14-50 RFI 1
8-30 Protocol
8-31 Address
8-32 Baud Rate
8-35 Minimum Response Delay
8-36 Max Response Delay
8-37 Max Inter-char Delay
15-00 to 15-05 Operating data
15-20 to 15-22 Historic log
15-30 to 15-32 Faultlog
Result:
The VLT Automation Drive FC 302 series to default values was reset
successfully.
Inference:
Automation Drive helps its owner save energy, increase flexibility, and
optimize processes.
Manual Initialisation three finger reset
Ex. No. 5
Date:3/feb/2016
Aim:To reset the VLT Automation Drive FC 302 series to default values.
Apparatus Required:Sl. No.
1.
Apparatus
Range
240 Vac
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
DVD Literature
100 10A
50 10 A
Qty
Theory:290 2.8A
The premier drive concept for exceptional control:

processes.
protect installations by minimizing harmonic distortion and electromagnetic

A2
A2

A2
A1

A1
A1
Procedure:1. Disconnect from mains and wait until the display turns off.
2. Press [Status] - [Main Menu] - [OK] at the same time while power up for
LCP
3. Release the keys after 5 s.
4. The frequency converter is now programmed according to default settings.
F2
5. Observe the message on the Local Control Panel (LCP).
Precautions:1.Do not touch the Power terminals on the FC 302. Voltage levels can be
dangerous.
2.Be aware of rotating motor shaft.
Note:Manual Initialization procedure initializes all parameters except for (examples
below):
15-00 Operating
Hours
F1
15-03 Power-up's
15-04 Over temp's
15-05 Over volt's
Tips:1. If the LCP shows some Alarms this can be acknowledged & reset by pressing
Reset key.
2. To be able reset Alarm 68 Safe Stop it is required a wire between terminals
12 & 37.
3. Adjust the brightness of the LCP at your preference
a) Press Status + Arrow Up to increase
b) Press Status + Arrow down to decrease
A2
4. Use [Info] key located on LCP. It supplies information about a command,

parameter, or function in any display window. [Info] key provides detailed
information whenever help is needed. Exit info mode by pressing either [Info],
[Back], or [Cancel]. See example below:
5. Go to 1-91 Motor External Fan & Press [Info] key. Scroll down.
A1
6. The parameter shortcut can be carried out by holding down the [Main Menu]
key for 3 seconds. The parameter shortcut allows direct access to any parameter.
See example below:
Result:
The VLT Automation Drive FC 302 series to default values was reset
successfully.
INFERENCE:
processes.
OBTAINING DRIVE INFORMATION
Ex. No. 6
Date: 10/feb/2016
Aim:To obtain information from the VLT Automation Drive FC 302

1.
Apparatus
Range
240 Vac
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
DVD Literature
Theory:-
Qty
The premier drive concept for exceptional control:

processes.
protect installations by minimizing harmonic distortion and electromagnetic

Precautions:1. Do not touch the Power terminals on the FC 302. Voltage levels can be
dangerous.
2. Be aware of rotating motor shaft.
Procedure:1.Press[Status]keyseveral timesuntil you get
thisscreen.
2. Press[MainMenu] key
3.Scroll down to 15-** Drive Information and press [Ok]key
4. Scroll down to 15-4* Drive Identification andpress [Ok]key
5. Scroll through Drive identification parameters and fill in data below.
1.15-40FCType FC -302
2.15-41PowerSection P4K0:4.00KW
3.15-42Voltage T5:3X380-500VAC
4.15-43SoftwareVersion 07.31
5.15-44OrderedTypecode String FC-302P4KOT5E2OH2BG
6.15-45ActualTypecode String FC-302P4KOT5E2OH2BG
7.15-46FrequencyConverter OrderingNo 131B0070
8.15-47PowerCard OrderingNo NONE
9.15-48LCPId No Graphical v13
10.15-49SWIDControl Card A07.31 M08.18 D07.30
11.15-50SWIDPowerCard SW:01.02EE:03.91
12.15-51Frequency Converter Serial Number 169222G354
13.15-53PowerCard Serial Number 13OB6321982040G354
Result:
Information from the VLT Automation Drive FC 302 was obtained
successfully.
APPLICATION SETUP EXAMPLES

Ex. No. 7
Date: 17/feb/2016
Aim:To obtain automatic motor adaptation(AMA) and speed from the VLT
Automation
Drive FC 302
1.
Apparatus
Range
240 Vac
Qty
1
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
7
DVD Literature
Voltage regulated power supply
1
1
PROCEDURE:
Parameter settings are the regional default values unless otherwise indicated
(selected in 0-03 Regional Settings).
Parameters associated with the terminals and their settings are shown next to
the drawings.
Where switch settings for analog terminals A53 or A54 are required, these are
also shown. NOTICE When the optional Safe Torque Off feature is used, a
jumper wire may be required between terminal 12 (or 13) and terminal 37 for
the frequency converter to operate when using factory default programming
values.
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
PARAMETERS BEFORE AMA(AUTOMATIC MOTOR ADAPTATION):

Stator resistance R = 1.19 ohms
Rotor resistance R = 0.95 ohms
AFTER,
Stator resistance R = 1.7794 ohms
Rotor resistance R = 1.4341 ohms
SPEED:
INPUT
VOLTAGE
4.2
5.2
4.6
4.9
5.4
5.6
GRAPH:
MOTOR
RUNNING (V)
86.8
106
93.6
100
110
114
FREQUENCY(HZ)
SPEED(RPM)
10.8
13.2
11.7
12.5
13.8
14.2
643
787
695
746
823
847
INFERENCE:
With the help voltage regulated power supply when we increase the input
voltage , the motor running voltage also increase.
The graph is plotted between frequency (vs) speed .In graph when the frequency
increases speed also increases.
RESULT:
Hence the automatic motor adaptation(AMA) and speed from the VLT
Automation Drive FC 302 was obtained successfully.
SPEED REFERENCE USING POTENTIOMETER
Ex. No. 8
Date: 02/mar/2016
Aim:To obtain speed using potentiometer from the VLT Automation Drive FC
302
1.
Apparatus
Range
240 Vac
Qty
1
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
7
DVD Literature
Potentiometer
1
1
PROCEDURE:
Parameter settings are the regional default values unless otherwise indicated
(selected in 0-03 Regional Settings).
Where switch settings for analog terminals A53 or A54 are required, these are
also shown. NOTICE When the optional Safe Torque Off feature is used, a
jumper wire may be required between terminal 12 (or 13) and terminal 37 for
the frequency converter to operate when using factory default programming
values.
vary potentiometer and obtain required values from the VLT automation drive.
SPEED REFERENCE:
Frequency(hz)
2.2
3.1
4.2
5.1
6.1
7.1
10.1
11.1
12.0
14
GRAPH:
Speed(rpm)
122
182
251
300
364
422
602
661
717
842
Voltage(v)
18.2
26.1
35.2
41.9
50.54
81.4
89
89
96.4
113
INFERENCE:
When frequency increases speed and voltage also increases. From the graph
it is clearly shown that frequency is directly proportional to speed and voltage.
RESULT:
Hence the speed was controlled successfully using variable potentiometer.
V/F CONTROL
Ex. No. 9
Date: 09/mar/2016
Aim:To obtain speed using V/F control method from the VLT Automation Drive
FC 302 .
1.
Apparatus
Range
240 Vac
Qty
1
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
DVD Literature
THEORY:
Synchronous speed can be controlled by varying the supply frequency. Voltage
induced in the stator is 1 where is the air-gap flux and f is the supply
frequency. As we can neglect the stator voltage drop we obtain terminal voltage
1 . Thus reducing the frequency without changing the supply voltage will
lead to an increase in the air-gap flux which is undesirable. Hence whenever
frequency is varied in order to control speed, the terminal voltage is also varied
so as to maintain the V/f ratio constant. Thus by maintaining a constant V/f
ratio, the maximum torque of the motor becomes constant for changing speed.
Torque-Speed characteristics for V/f Controlled Induction Motor
As can be seen, when V/f Control is implemented, for various frequencies

inside the operating region, the maximum torque remains the same as the speed
varies. Thus maintaining the V/f ratio constant helps us to maintain a constant
maximum torque while controlling the speed as per our requirement.
Voltage
112.6
147.9
171.3
197.1
223.7
249.2
274.3
301
352
377.4
GRAPH:
Frequency
13.8
18.3
21.3
24.7
28.1
31.3
34.6
38
44.5
47.8
Speed(rpm)
411
547
637
736
837
936
1033
1135
1331
1425
(voltage versus frequency)
Current(I)
1.86
1.84
1.84
1.85
1.87
1.87
1.89
1.9
1.92
1.94
V/F
8.159
8.08
8.04
7.98
7.96
7.96
7.93
7.92
7.92
7.89
Inference 1:when the motor running voltage increase with respect to speed
frequency also increases linearly.
(Current versus speed)
Inference 2: Minimum current value is 1.8 A and the maximum current is 1.9
A.For these current values speed increases up to 1500 rpm

RESULT: Hence the speed was controlled by V/F control method successfully.
SPEED UP/DOWN OPERATION
Ex. No. 10
Date: 16/mar/2016
Aim:To obtain speedup / speed down operation from the VLT Automation Drive
FC 302 .
1.
Apparatus
Range
240 Vac
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
7
8
DVD Literature
MC 302 software
USB cable
1
1
PROCEDURE:
1)Open MC 302 software.
2)Create new drive.
3)Assign the required switches.
Switch 18->start
Switch 27->freeze reference(rated speed)
Switch29->speed up
Switch32->speed down
4)Copy the parameters to the drive with the help of USB.
Qty
5) Start the motor by clicking AUTO ON option.

First of all enable switch 27,now the motor runs the rated speed.
Now enable switch 29 the speed will increase drastically.
Now enable switch 32 speed will decrease.
Obtain the graph
6)Convert in to excel spread sheet.
GRAPH:
INFERENCE:
In freeze reference mode the motor runs rated speed. Speed up
mode speed increases suddenly. Speed down mode motor speed decreases
suddenly.
RESULT:
Speedup / speed down operation from the VLT Automation Drive FC 302
was obtained successfully.
VERIFICATION OF MOTOR DIRECTION
Ex. No. 11
Date: 23/mar/2016
Aim:To verify the motor direction (clockwise/anticlockwise) from the VLT

Automation Drive FC 302 .
1.
Apparatus
Range
240 Vac
2.
Design Guide
3.
Programming Guide
4.
5.
PC (Optional)
6.
DVD Literature
PROCEDURE:
Qty
using up/down /left/right keys go to 1-06 enable clockwise direction.
To do inverse rotation go to 1 enable (inverse).
INFERENCE:
With the help of switching operation we can run the motor either
clockwise or anticlockwise direction.
RESULT:
Hence,the motor direction (clockwise/anticlockwise) from the VLT
Automation Drive FC 302 was verified successfully.

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LAB

ELECTRICS DRIVES AND CONTROL LAB

SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

3 INDUCTION MOTOR DC DYNAMIC BRAKING

2. Initially with switch being position A the working of induction motor is

natural braking time is observed and

and come to rest.

Plot between time vs voltage and current.

Dynamically braking a 3 phase induction motor and decreasing the voltage

RHEOSTATIC/DYNAMIC BRAKING OF DC MOTORS

Armature (field) voltage:

Deceleration time (sec)

Result:.Rheostat or dynamic braking has been experimentally applied to self

Armature (field) voltage : 230 V

Speed and declaration time with Rheostat Plugging

Plugging time (sec)

FC 302 Initialisation via 14-22

Remote I/O Simulation Station

Theory:The premier drive concept for exceptional control:

Fig:- VLT Automation drives

Fig:- Integrated drive-motor

Fig:- Complete set up for experiment

1. Press Main Menu

Note:- Initialisation via 14-22 initialises all parameters except for:

Remote I/O Simulation Station

The premier drive concept for exceptional control:

protect installations by minimizing harmonic distortion and electromagnetic

Fig:- VLT Automation drives

Fig:- Integrated drive-motor

Fig:- Complete set up for experiment

5. Observe the message on the Local Control Panel (LCP).

4. Use [Info] key located on LCP. It supplies information about a command,

Aim:To obtain information from the VLT Automation Drive FC 302

Remote I/O Simulation Station

The premier drive concept for exceptional control:

Fig:- VLT Automation drives

Fig:- Integrated drive-motor

Fig:- Complete set up for experiment

APPLICATION SETUP EXAMPLES

Remote I/O Simulation Station

PARAMETERS BEFORE AMA(AUTOMATIC MOTOR ADAPTATION):

Remote I/O Simulation Station

Remote I/O Simulation Station

Torque-Speed characteristics for V/f Controlled Induction Motor

As can be seen, when V/f Control is implemented, for various frequencies

(voltage versus frequency)

A.For these current values speed increases up to 1500 rpm

SPEED UP/DOWN OPERATION

Remote I/O Simulation Station

5) Start the motor by clicking AUTO ON option.

Aim:To verify the motor direction (clockwise/anticlockwise) from the VLT

Remote I/O Simulation Station

using up/down /left/right keys go to 1-06 enable clockwise direction.

To do inverse rotation go to 1 enable (inverse).

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