MAGNETOSTRICTION WITH MICHELSON

INTERFEROMETER
Abhishek Kumar and Aditya Puttatunda
November 20, 2014
Lab instructor:Dr. Kartikeswar senapati
ABSTRACT
This report discusses briefly about magnetostriction and calculate the variation of magnetostrictive
strain in Nickel and iron with change in Magnetic field.

Objective
Alignment of Michelson interferometer with one of the mirror mounted on coil with sample rod.
apply magnetic field through solenoid and calculate magnetostriction via change in fringe
Plot mgneto-striction as a function of magnetic field for iron and Nickel.

Theory and Working formula

Magnetostriction is a property of ferromagnetic material in which the shape or dimension of the material changes along the direction of magnetisation .The variation of materialss magnetization due to
the applied magnetic field changes the magnetostrictive strain until reaching its saturation value.
Measuring formula:
Magnetic field strength of a cylindrical coil is given by
N.I
Hm = p
4r2 + ls2

(1)

Where
Hm = Magnetic field strength at the center of the coil
I = current passing through the coil
N = No. of windings of the coil
r = Radius of the coil
ls = length of the coil
The alteration in the length of the rod
l = n
2
Actual length of the rod (l) = 0.15 m .

Observation and calculation

0.1

Magnetostriction of Nickel
Current(I)(Amp)

H(A/m)

Ring changes /n

l (in nm)

l
6
)
l (10

0.056
0.241
0.398
0.537
0.683
0.752
0.951
1.094
1.270
1.44

874.57
3763.78
6215.72
8386.53
10666.66
11744.27
14852.12
17085.41
19834.07
22489.02

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

0
316
632
948
1264
1580
1896
2212
2528
2844

2.11
4.22
6.33
8.44
10.55
12.66
14.77
16.88
18.99

Table 1: table for magnetostriction of Ni(first set of data)

Current(I)(Amp)

H(A/m)

Ring changes /n

l (in nm)

l
6
)
l (10

0.056
0.27
0.387
0.497
0.619
0.738
0.861
0.984
1.163
1.287

874.57
4216.69
6043.92
7761.83
9667.15
11525.62
13446.56
15367.50
18163.01
20099.56

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

0
316
632
948
1264
1580
1896
2212
2528
2844

0
2.11
4.22
6.33
8.44
10.55
12.66
14.77
16.88
18.99

Table 2: table for magnetostriction of Ni(second set of data)

Analysis table and graphs:
1.From the table and the graph,it is clear that the magnetostriction is decreasing and and has negative
values.
2.In this experiment, due to heating of the coil the rod is expanding too.however in Ni it very less
compared to the iron.

Figure 1: magnetostriction in Ni

0.2

Magnetostriction of Iron

Analysis of table and Graph:

1.Magnetostrictive strain of iron is positive.
2. effect of heating in iron is much more than in Ni.At constant current ideally there should be no
change in fringes radii , but here radii of the fringes change much.
3.To avoid the effect of heating on the iron rod , we should take the note data as quick as possible.

Figure 2: magnetostriction in iron

Current(I)(Amp)

H(A/m)

Ring changes /n

l (in nm)

l
6
)
l (10

0.055
0.747
2.176
2.668
3.105
3.8

858.95
11666.18
33983.41
41667.16
48538.8
59346

0
1
2
3
4
5

0
316
632
948
1264
1580

0
2.11
-4.22
-6.33
-8.44
-10.55

Table 3: table for magnetostriction of iron (first set of data)

Current(I)(Amp)

H(A/m)

Ring changes /n

l (in nm)

l
6
)
l (10

0.052
0.633
2.374
3.147
3.781
4.17

812.10
9885.80
37075.65
48851.15
59049.3
65124.49

0
1
2
3
4
5

0
316
632
948
1264
1580

0
2.11
-4.22
-6.33
-8.44
-10.55

Table 4: table for magnetostriction of iron (second set of data)

Current(I)(Amp)

H(A/m)

Ring changes /n

l (in nm)

l
6
)
l (10

0.051
0.733
2.329
3.147
3.9
4.15

796.49

0
1
2
3
4
5

0
316
632
948
1264
1580

0
2.11
-4.22
-6.33
-8.44
-10.55

36372.87
49147.88
60907.76
65124.45

Table 5: table for magnetostriction of iron (third set of data)

Current(I)(Amp)

H(A/m)

Ring changes /n

l (in nm)

l
6
)
l (10

0.052
0.596
2.338
3.201
3.594
4.15

812.10
9307.96
36513.46
49991.22
56128.85
64812.11

0
1
2
3
4
5

0
316
632
948
1264
1580

0
2.11
-4.22
-6.33
-8.44
-10.55

Table 6: table for magnetostriction of iron (fourth set of data)