PROBLEM 5.

1
For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-moment
diagrams, (b) determine the equations of the shear and bending-moment
curves.

SOLUTION
Reactions:

From A to B:

M C = 0: LA bP = 0

A=

Pb
L

M A = 0: LC aP = 0

C =

Pa
L

0< x<a
Fy = 0:

Pb
V = 0
L
Pb
L

V =
M J = 0: M

Pb
x=0
L
M =

From B to C:

Pbx
L

a< x< L
Fy = 0: V +

Pa
=0
L
V =

M K = 0: M +

Pa
( L x) = 0
L
M =

At section B:

Pa
L

Pa( L x)
L
M =

Pab
L2

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PROBLEM 5.3
For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bendingmoment diagrams, (b) determine the equations of the shear and
bending-moment curves.

From A to B (0 < x < a) :

SOLUTION

Fy = 0 : wx V = 0
V = wx
M J = 0 : (wx)

x
+M =0
2
M =

wx 2
2

From B to C (a < x < L) :

Fy = 0 : wa V = 0
M J = 0 : (wa) x

a
+M =0
2

V = wa
M = wa x

a
2

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PROBLEM 5.4
For the beam and loading shown, (a) draw the shear and bending-moment
diagrams, (b) determine the equations of the shear and bending-moment
curves.

SOLUTION

Fy = 0:

M J = 0:

1 w0 x
x V = 0
2 L
V =

w0 x 2
2L

M =

w0 x3
6L

|V |max =

w0 L
2

1 w0 x
x
x +M = 0
2 L
3

At x = L,
V =

w0 L
2

M =

w0 L2
6

|M |max =

w0 L2
6

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PROBLEM 5.7
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the beam and
loading shown, and determine the maximum absolute value (a) of the
shear, (b) of the bending moment.

SOLUTION

Reactions:

M C = 0 : (300)(4) (240)(3) (360)(7) + 12 B = 0

Fy = 0 :

300 + C 240 360 + 170 = 0

B = 170 lb

C = 730 lb

From A to C:
Fy = 0 :
M1 = 0 :

300 V = 0

V = 300 lb

(300)( x) + M = 0

M = 300 x

From C to D:
Fy = 0 :
M2 = 0 :

300 + 730 V = 0

V = +430 lb

(300) x (730)( x 4) + M = 0
M = 2920 + 430 x

From D to E:
Fy = 0 : V 360 + 170 = 0
M3 = 0 :

V = +190 lb

(170)(16 x) (360)(11 x) M = 0
M = 1240 + 190 x

From E to B:
Fy = 0 : V + 170 = 0
M4 = 0 :

V = 170lb

(170)(16 x) M = 0
M = 2720 170 x

(a)

(b)

max

max

= 430 lb

= 1200 lb in

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PROBLEM 5.11
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the beam and
loading shown, and determine the maximum absolute value (a) of
the shear, (b) of the bending moment.

SOLUTION
Reactions:
M A = 0 : 3FEF (8)(60) (24)(60) = 0
FEF = 640 kips
Fx = 0 : Ax 640 = 0

Ax = 640 kips

Fy = 0 : Ay 60 60 = 0

Ay = 120 kips

(0 < x < 8 in.)

From A to C:

Fy = 0 :
120 V = 0
V = 120 kips
M J = 0 : M 120 x = 0

M = 120 x kip in

(8 in. < x < 16 in.)

From C to D:

FY = 0 : 120 60 V = 0 V = 60 kips
MJ = 0 :

M 120 x + 60( x 8) = 0
M = (60 x + 480) kips in
(16 in. < x < 24 in.)

From D to B:

Fy = 0 : V 60 = 0 V = 60 kips
M J = 0 : M 60(24 x) = 0
M = (60 x 1440) kip in

(a) V
(b)

max

max

= 120.0 kips

= 1440 kip in = 120.0 kip ft

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PROBLEM 5.13
Assuming that the reaction of the ground is uniformly distributed, draw
the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the beam AB and determine
the maximum absolute value (a) of the shear, (b) of the bending
moment.

SOLUTION
Over the whole beam,
Fy = 0: 12w (3)(2) 24 (3)(2) = 0

A to C:

w = 3 kips/ft

(0 x < 3 ft)

Fy = 0: 3x 2 x V = 0
+M J = 0: (3x)

At C,

V = ( x) kips

x
x
+ (2 x) + M = 0
2
2

M = (0.5x 2 ) kip ft

x = 3 ft
V = 3 kips, M = 4.5 kip ft

C to D:

(3 ft x < 6 ft)
Fy = 0: 3x (2)(3) V = 0
MK = 0: (3x)

V = (3x 6) kips

x
3
+ (2)(3) x
+M =0
2
2
M = (1.5 x 2 6 x + 9) kip ft

At D ,

x = 6 ft
V = 12 kips,

D to B:

M = 27 kip ft

Use symmetry to evaluate.

(a)

|V |max = 12.00 kips

(b)

|M |max = 27.0 kip ft

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PROBLEM 5.15
For the beam and loading shown, determine the maximum
normal stress due to bending on a transverse section at C.

SOLUTION
Reaction at A:
M B = 0:

4.5 A + (3.0)(3) + (1.5)(3) + (1.8)(4.5)(2.25) = 0

A = 7.05 kN

Use AC as free body.

M C = 0: M C (7.05)(1.5) + (1.8)(1.5)(0.75) = 0
M C = 8.55 kN m = 8.55 103 N m
I =

1 3
1
(80)(300)3 = 180 106 mm 4
bh =
12
12

= 180 106 m 4
c=

1
(300) = 150 mm = 0.150 m
2

Mc (8.55 103 )(0.150)

=
= 7.125 106 Pa
6
I
180 10

= 7.13 MPa

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PROBLEM 5.19
For the beam and loading shown, determine the maximum normal
stress due to bending on a transverse section at C.

SOLUTION
Use entire beam as free body.
MB = 0 :
90 A + (75)(5) + (60)(5) + (45)(2) + (30)(2) + (15)(2) = 0
A = 9.5 kips

Use portion AC as free body.

M C = 0 : M (15)(9.5) = 0
M = 142.5 kip in

For S 8 18.4, S = 14.4 in 3

Normal stress:

M
142.5
=
S
14.4

= 9.90 ksi

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PROBLEM 5.44
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the beam and loading
shown, and determine the maximum absolute value (a) of the shear, (b) of
the bending moment.

SOLUTION
Reaction at A:
M B = 0: 3.0 A + (1.5)(3.0)(3.5) + (1.5)(3) = 0
A = 6.75 kN
B = 6.75 kN

Reaction at B:

Beam ACB and loading: (See sketch.)

Areas of load diagram:
A to C:

(2.4)(3.5) = 8.4 kN

C to B:

(0.6)(3.5) = 2.1 kN

Shear diagram:
VA = 6.75 kN
VC = 6.75 8.4 = 1.65 kN
VC + = 1.65 3 = 4.65 kN
VB = 4.65 2.1 = 6.75 kN

Over A to C,

V = 6.75 3.5x

At G,

V = 6.75 3.5xG = 0 xG = 1.9286 m

Areas of shear diagram:

A to G:

1
(1.9286)(6.75) = 6.5089 kN m
2

G to C:

1
(0.4714)(1.65) = 0.3889 kN m
2

C to B:

1
(0.6)(4.65 6.75) = 3.42 kN m
2

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PROBLEM 5.44 (Continued)

Bending moments:

MA = 0
M G = 0 + 6.5089 = 6.5089 kN m
M C = 6.5089 0.3889 = 6.12 kN m
M C + = 6.12 2.7 = 3.42 kN m
M B = 3.42 3.42 = 0

(a)

|V |max = 6.75 kN

(b)

|M |max = 6.51 kN m

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PROBLEM 5.45
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the beam and loading
shown, and determine the maximum absolute value (a) of the shear, (b) of
the bending moment.

SOLUTION
M B = 0:
3 A + (1)(4) + (0.5)(4) = 0
A = 2 kN

M A = 0: 3B (2)(4) (2.5)(4) = 0
B = 6 kN

Shear diagram:
A to C:

V = 2 kN

C to D:

V = 2 4 = 2 kN

D to B:

V = 2 4 = 6 kN

Areas of shear diagram:

A to C:

Vdx = (1)(2) = 2 kN m

C to D:

Vdx = (1)(2) = 2 kN m

D to E:

Vdx = (1)(6) = 6 kN m

Bending moments:
MA = 0
M C = 0 + 2 = 2 kN m
M C + = 2 + 4 = 6 kN m
M D = 6 2 = 4 kN m
M D + = 4 + 2 = 6 kN m
MB = 6 6 = 0

(a)
(b)

V
M

max

max

= 6.00 kN

= 6.00 kN m

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PROBLEM 5.50
For the beam and loading shown, determine the equations of the shear
and bending-moment curves, and the maximum absolute value of the
bending moment in the beam, knowing that (a) k = 1, (b) k = 0.5.

SOLUTION
w0 x kw0 ( L x)
wx

= (1 + k ) 0 kw.
L
L
L
w0 x
= w = kw0 (1 + k )
L
2
wx
= kw0 x (1 + k ) 0 + C1
2L
= 0 at x = 0 C1 = 0

w=
dV
dx
V
V

w x2
dM
= V = kw0 x (1 + k ) 0
dx
2L

kw0 x 2
w x3
(1 + k ) 0 + C2
2
6L
M = 0 at x = 0 C2 = 0
M=

M=

(a)

w0 x 2
L
2
wx
w x3
M= 0 0
2
3L

k = 1.

V = w0 x

x = L.

Maximum M occurs at
(b)

kw0 x 2 (1 + k ) w0 x3

2
6L

k=

1
.
2

V = 0 at

At

2
x = L,
3

At

x = L,

M=

x=

w0 ( 23 L )
4

max

w0 L2
6

V=

w0 x 3w0 x 2

2
4L

M=

w0 x 2 w0 x3

4
4L

2
L
3
w0 ( 23 L )
4L

w0 L2
= 0.03704 w0 L2
27

M =0
|M |max =

w0 L2
27

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PROBLEM 5.55
Draw the shear and bending-moment diagrams for the beam and
loading shown and determine the maximum normal stress due to
bending.

SOLUTION
M C = 0 : (2)(1) (3)(4)(2) + 4B = 0
B = 5.5 kN
M B = 0 : (5)(2) + (3)(4)(2) 4C = 0
C = 8.5 kN

Shear:
A to C:

V = 2 kN

C+ :

V = 2 + 8.5 = 6.5 kN

B:

V = 6.5 (3)(4) = 5.5 kN

Locate point D where V = 0.

d
4d
=
6.5
5.5
d = 2.1667 m

12d = 26
4 d = 3.8333 m

Areas of the shear diagram:

A to C:

Vdx = (2.0)(1) = 2.0 kN m

C to D:

Vdx =

1
(2.16667)(6.5) = 7.0417 kN m
2

D to B:

Vdx =

1
(3.83333)(5.5) = 5.0417 kN m
2

Bending moments:

MA = 0
M C = 0 2.0 = 2.0 kN m
M D = 2.0 + 7.0417 = 5.0417 kN m
M B = 5.0417 5.0417 = 0

Maximum M = 5.0417 kN m = 5.0417 103 N m

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PROBLEM 5.55 (Continued)

For pipe:

I =

Normal stress:

1
1
1
1
do = (160) = 80 mm, ci = di = (140) = 70 mm
2
2
2
2

co =

(c
4

4
o

ci4 =

(80) 4 (70)4 = 13.3125 106 mm 4

S =

I
13.3125 106
=
= 166.406 103 mm3 = 166.406 106 m3
co
80

M
5.0417 103
=
= 30.3 106 Pa
S
166.406 106

= 30.3 MPa

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PROBLEM 5.67
For the beam and loading shown, design the cross section of the
beam, knowing that the grade of timber used has an allowable
normal stress of 1750 psi.

SOLUTION
By symmetry, A = D.

Reactions:

1
1
(3)(1.5) (6)(1.5) (3)(1.5) D = 0
2
2
A = D = 6.75 kips

Fy = 0 : A

Shear diagram:
VB = 6.75

VA = 6.75 kips
1
(3)(1.5) = 4.5 kips
2

VC = 4.5 (6)(1.5) = 4.5 kips

VD = 4.5

1
(3)(1.5) = 6.75 kips
2

Locate point E where V = 0 :

By symmetry, E is the midpoint of BC.
Areas of the shear diagram:
A to B : (3)(4.5) +

2
(3)(2.25) = 18 kip ft
3

B to E :

1
(3)(4.5) = 6.75 kip ft
2

E to C :

1
(3)(4.5) = 6.75 kip ft
2

C to D : By antisymmetry, 18 kip ft

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PROBLEM 5.67 (Continued)

Bending moments: M A = 0
M B = 0 + 18 = 18 kip ft
M E = 18 + 6.75 = 24.75 kip ft
M C = 24.75 6.75 = 18 kip ft
M D = 18 18 = 0

max =

max

S =

max

max

For a rectangular section,

(24.75 kip ft)(12 in/ft)

= 169.714 in 3
1.750 ksi

S =

1 2
bh
6
h=

6S
=
b

6(169.714)
= 14.27 in.
5

h = 14.27 in.

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PROBLEM 5.73
Knowing that the allowable stress for the steel used is 160 MPa, select the
most economical wide-flange beam to support the loading shown.

SOLUTION
w= 6+

18 6
x = (6 + 2 x) kN/m
6

dV
= w = 6 2 x
dx
V = 6 x x 2 + C1
V = 0 at

x = 0, C1 = 0

dM
= V = 6 x x 2
dx
1
M = 3x 2 x3 + C2
3
M = 0 at x = 0, C2 = 0
M = 3x 2
M
M

1 3
x
3

max

occurs at x = 6 m.

max

= (3)(6)2

1
(6)3 = 80 kN m = 180 103 N m
3

all = 160 MPa = 160 106 Pa

Smin =

Shape
W530 66

all

180 103
= 1.125 103 m3 = 1125 103 mm3
160 106

S, ( 103 mm3 )

W460 74

1340
1460

W410 85

1510

W360 79

1270

W310 107

1600

W250 101

1240

Lightest acceptable wide flange beam: W530 66

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PROBLEM 5.74
Knowing that the allowable stress for the steel used is 160 MPa, select the most
economical wide-flange beam to support the loading shown.

SOLUTION

Shape
Section modulus
all = 160 Mpa
Smin =

M max

all

286 kN m
= 1787 106 m3
160 MPa
= 1787 103 mm3

S, ( 103 mm3 )

W610 101

2520

W530 92

2080

W460 113

2390

W410 114

2200

W360 122

2020

W310 143

2150
Use W530 92

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PROBLEM 5.89
A 54-kip is load is to be supported at the center of the 16-ft span shown.
Knowing that the allowable normal stress for the steel used is 24 ksi,
determine (a) the smallest allowable length l of beam CD if the
W12 50 beam AB is not to be overstressed, (b) the most economical
W shape that can be used for beam CD. Neglect the weight of both
beams.

SOLUTION
(a)
d = 8ft

l
l = 16 ft 2d
2

(1)

Beam AB (Portion AC):

For W12 50,

S x = 64.2 in 3 all = 24 ksi

M all = all S x = (24)(64.2) = 1540.8 kip in = 128.4 kip ft
M C = 27d = 128.4 kip ft

Using (1),

d = 4.7556 ft

l = 16 2d = 16 2(4.7556) = 6.4888 ft

l = 6.49 ft

(b)
l = 6.4888 ft all = 24 ksi
Beam CD:
M
(87.599 12) kip in
Smin = max =
24 ksi
all
= 43.800 in 3

Shape
W18 35
W16 31
W14 38
W12 35
W10 45

S (in 3 )
57.6
47.2
54.6
45.6
49.1
W16 31.

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