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that is trivial or one that is a cyclic group of order q|p 1, we have that
[K : k] = [K : L][L : k] = p|[K : L]. This means that H = Gal(K/L)
cannot be trivial and as shown eariler, must have p elements. Such a group
must necessarily be isomorphic to Z/pZ.
If H = Z/pZ, then we know the roots of P , {xi } are not fixed by H and
thus not in L and not in k. The H are acting transitively on the roots of
P and therefore P is irreducible.
6. Let k = Fp (T ) (the field of rational functions in one variable and coefficients in Fp (T )). What is the order of the Galois group of P (X) =
Xp T X T ?
Since T is not a p 1st power in k, Q = X p1 T is irreducible over
k and Gal(L/k) = Z/(p 1)Z. Similarly P is irreducible over k, so
H = Gal(K/L) = Z/pZ. So we have Gal(P ) = Z/(p 1)Z Z/pZ.