Hong Kong Mathematics Olympiad (1991 92)

Heat Event (Individual)

40
Unless otherwise stated, all answers should be expressed in numerals in their simplest form.
Each correct answer will be awarded 1 mark.
Time allowed: 40 minutes
1.

If log10 x 4 3log10 x 2 4 0 and x > 1, find x.

log10 x 4 3log10 x 2 4 0 x > 1 x

2.

3.

4.

5.

28 x 15 y 19 xy
If
and xy 0 , find x.
18
x

21
y

2
xy

28 x 15 y 19 xy

xy 0 x
18
x

21
y

2
xy

An integer a lying between 0 and 9 inclusive is randomly selected. It is known that the
p
probability that the equation x 2 ax 3 0 has no real root is
, find p.
10
p
0 9 a x 2 ax 3 0
p
10
1
1
x is an acute angle satisfying cos x 5 cos x 2 . Determine the largest possible
2
2
value of x.
1
1
x cos x 5 cos x 2 x
2
2
Let f (x) be the highest common factor of x 4 64 and x3 6 x 2 16 x 16 , find f (2) .

f (x) x 4 64 x3 6 x 2 16 x 16 f (2)
6.
A fruit merchant divides a large lot of oranges into four classes: A, B, C, D. The number of
oranges in class A and class B doubles that in class C while the number of oranges in class B
and class D doubles that in class A. If 7 oranges from class B are upgraded to class A, class A
will then contain twice as many oranges as class B. It is known that one of the four classes
contains 54 oranges. Determine which one class it belongs to.
ABCD A B C B
D A B 7 A A
B ABCD 54

7.

8.

9.

10.

Given that n is a positive integer, find ALL the real roots of x 2 10 2 0 .

n

n x 2 102 0
If n is an integer randomly selected from 1 to 100, and the probability that the unit digit of
3
5678n is greater than 3 is , find x.
x
3
n 1 100 5678 n 3 x
x
In ABC, AB 8 cm, BC 6 cm and ABC 90. If the bisector of ACB cuts AB at R and
CR 3 a cm, find a.
ABC AB 8 cmBC 6 cmABC 90 ACB AB

R CR 3 a cm a
In figure 1, arc BD is 4 times the arc AC, DEB 80 and ADC x, find
x.
BD AC 4 DEB 80ADC x
x
(Figure 1) ()

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D
x

E 80

HKMO 1992 Heat Event (Individual)

11.

12.

13.

In figure 2, ABCD is a square. EDF is a straight line. M is the mid-point of

AB. If the distances of A, M and C from the line EF are 5 cm, 11 cm and x
cm respectively, find x.
ABCD EDF M AB B
AM C EF 5 cm11 cm x cm x
(Figure 2) ()
In figure 3, AB AC 2BC and BC 20 cm. If BF is perpendicular to AC and
AF x cm, find x.
AB AC 2BC BC 20 cm BF AC
AF x cm x
(Figure 3) ()

D
M
F

A
A

F
B

20 cm

Figure 4 shows a figure obtained by producing the sides of a

13-sided polygon. If the sum of the marked angles is n, find n.
13
n n

(Figure 4) ()

14.

In figure 5, PQ is a diagonal of the cube. If PQ 4 cm and the total surface area

of the cube is x cm2, find x.
PQ PQ 4 cm
x cm2 x
(Figure 5) ()

15.

If (3x 1)7 a1x 7 a2 x 6 a3 x 5 a8 , find the value of a1 a2 a3 a8 .

16.

(3x 1)7 a1x 7 a2 x 6 a3 x 5 a8 a1 a2 a3 a8

A(1, 1), B(a, 0) and C(1, a) are the vertices of the triangle ABC. Find the value of a if the area
of ABC is 2 square units and a > 0.
A(1, 1)B(a, 0)C(1, a) ABC ABC 2 a > 0
a

17.

If N 212 58 , find the number of digits of N.

N 212 58 N

18.

If a : b 3 : 4 and a : c 2 : 5, find the value of

ac

a b2
A rectangular piece of paper of width 6 cm is folded such that one corner
touches the opposite side as shown in figure 6. If 30 and DE x cm,
find x.
6 cm
30 DE x cm x
(Figure 6) ()

a : b 3 : 4 a : c 2 : 5

19.

ac
.
a b2
2

6 cm

x cm

1
and 0 x , find tan x.
5
1
sin x cos x 0 x tan x
5
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HKMO 1992 Heat Event (Individual)
20.

If sin x cos x

Hong Kong Mathematics Olympiad (1991 92)

Heat Event (Group)

20
Unless otherwise stated, all answers should be expressed in numerals in their simplest form.
Each correct answer will be awarded 1 mark.
Time allowed: 20 minutes
1.
A, B, C are three men in a team. The age of A is greater than the sum of the ages of B and C
by 16. The square of the age of A is greater than the square of the sum of the ages of B and C
by 1632. Find the sum of the ages of A, B and C.
16
1632

2.

a, b, c are non-zero real numbers such that

abc abc abc

.
c
b
a

(a b)(b c)(c a )
and x < 0, find the value of x.
abc
abc abc abc
abc

c
b
a
(a b)(b c)(c a)
x
x < 0 x
abc
If x

3.

An interior angle of an n-sided convex polygon is x. The sum of the other interior angles is
2468. Find x.
n x 2468 x

4.

When a positive integer N is divided by 4, 7, 9, the remainders are 3, 2, 2 respectively. Find

the least value of N.
N 479 322 N

5.

Find the remainder when 101991 is divided by 7.

101991 7

6.

In figure 1 , BD DC, AP AQ. If AB 13 cm, AC 7

cm and AP x cm, find x.
BD DCAP AQ AB 13 cmAC
7 cm AP x cm x

C
D

B
7.

(Figure 1) ()
A

1
1
1
In figure 2, BL BC , CM CA and AN AB .
3
3
3
2
If the areas of PQR and ABC are 6 cm and x cm2
respectively, find x.
1
1
1
BL BC CM CA AN AB
3
3
3
2
PQR ABC 6 cm x cm2 x

P.3

Q
M

R
B

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L
(Figure 2) ()

HKMO 1992 Heat Event (Group)

8.

ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 12 cm, and P is

any point inside the triangle (as shown in figure 3). If the
sum of the perpendicular distances from P to the three
sides AB, BC and CA is x cm, find x.
ABC 12 cm P
() P ABBC
CA x cm x

P
B

C
(Figure 3) ()

9.

10.

A sphere of radius r cm can just be covered on a table by

8r 2
cm3 (as shown in
a conical vessel of volume
3
figure 4). Determine the largest possible value of r.
8r 2
cm3
r cm
3
() r

r cm

(Figure 4) ()

a, b, c, d are four numbers. The arithmetic means of (i) a, b, c; (ii) b, c, d; (iii) a, b, d are
respectively 13, 15 and 17. If the median of a, b, c and d is c + 9, find the largest possible
value of c.
abcd (i) abc (ii) bcd (iii) abd
1315 17 abc d c + 9 c

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HKMO 1992 Heat Event (Group)