Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
A Community
of Contrasts:
Asian Americans
50 and Older
Los Angeles
County
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CONTENTS
Welcome 3
Executive Summary 4
Demographics 6
Immigration 11
Language 12
Education 13
Income 14
Housing 16
Health 20
Conclusion 22
Glossary 23
Technical Notes 38
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WELCOME
AARP and Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles are proud to partner on
the release of this research report, A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and
Older (Los Angeles County). The report provides invaluable information and insights on
Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County.
The county’s Asian American community is significant nationally, home to both the largest
Asian American population and largest Asian American 50-plus population in the United States.
The report provides an overview of the 50-plus Asian American population, and the major issues it
faces with language barriers, educational attainment, income, housing, and health. Data
disaggregated by ethnic group are critical to understanding these issues in our communities. This
report delves deeper by providing disaggregated data on numerous Asian American ethnic groups.
We would like to thank the Asian Pacific Policy and Planning Council’s (A3PCON) Older Adults
Task Force for providing critical feedback on content, especially Erica Juhn (Special Service for
Groups’ Research and Evaluation Unit), Kimiko Kelly (Alzheimer’s Greater Los Angeles), Amy
Phillips (Little Tokyo Service Center), May Ma Ross (USC School of Social Work’s
Edward R. Roybal Institute on Aging), Miriam Suen (National Asian Pacific Center on Aging),
and Yvonne Sun (SSG SILVER). We would also like to thank AARP and Advancing Justice staff
who contributed to this report, including Daphne Kwok and Steven Raga with AARP and Jeffer
Giang, Dan Ichinose, and Joanna Lee with Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles.
As AARP and Advancing Justice – Los Angeles are committed to raising the issues and needs of
Asian American 50-plus communities, we hope this report can provide the data to build the cases
for funding, policies, legislation, and advocacy to improve the lives of Asian Americans.
Sincerely,
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY Home to the nation’s largest Asian American population, Los Angeles County is also home to more
Asian American older adults than any other county in the United States. Over 480,000 Asian
Americans in Los Angeles County are 50 years or older; nearly one-third of all Asian Americans
countywide are older adults. The Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) older-adult
population in Los Angeles County is the third largest in the nation, numbering over 11,000.
A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and Older (Los Angeles County) provides
community organizations, policy makers, foundations, businesses, and others with essential
data to guide policy decisions and support the delivery of services affecting rapidly growing
Asian American and NHPI older-adult populations. Highlights include the following:
Asian Americans and NHPI are two of the fastest-growing and most diverse older-
adult populations in Los Angeles County.
From 2000 to 2010, Asian American and NHPI older-adult populations in Los Angeles County
grew 56% and 50%, respectively; among racial groups, only the county’s 50-plus Latino
population grew at a faster rate. Among 50-plus Asian Americans and NHPI by ethnic group,
Chinese, Filipino, and Korean Americans are the largest populations, while Bangladeshi, Fijian,
and Pakistani Americans are the fastest growing. As large Asian American and NHPI older-adult
populations grow and become more diverse, so do their needs.
Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County face considerable language barriers.
Approximately 62% of 50-plus Asian Americans countywide, almost 300,000, are limited English
proficient (LEP) and face some challenge communicating in English that impacts their ability to
access basic services. A majority of Cambodian, Vietnamese, Korean, Chinese, and Thai American
older adults are LEP. Among 50-plus households in Los Angeles County, Asian American older-adult
households have the highest rate of linguistic isolation. Addressing language barriers through written
and oral translation is critical to better serving Asian American older adults.
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
Some Asian American seniors are among those most likely to have low incomes
and live below the poverty line; many rely on Supplemental Security Income.
Among those 65 years of age or older living in Los Angeles County, Korean and Cambodian
Americans are more likely than any racial group to have low incomes and live below the poverty line.
Over half of Korean and Cambodian American seniors countywide have low incomes, while nearly
a quarter are poor. Nearly half of Asian American seniors living alone live below the poverty line,
a rate higher than any other racial group countywide. Because Asian American seniors are
least likely among racial groups to have retirement and Social Security income, they are the
most reliant on Supplemental Security Income.
Like many in Los Angeles County, Asian American older adults face housing challenges.
Asian American older adults countywide are less likely than Whites to own homes;
Cambodian and Korean American older adults have homeownership rates lower than any
racial group. Some older-adult Asian American households are among those most likely
to spend 50% or more of their income on housing costs. While Asian American older
adults are less likely to live alone, those who do are four times more likely than those
living with others to live below the poverty line. Efforts to make housing more affordable
in Los Angeles County are critical to the welfare of Asian American older adults.
Despite chronic health conditions, Asian American older adults lack access to health care.
Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County are more likely than Whites to experience high
blood cholesterol and diabetes. Many older adults in Southeast Asian communities face challenges
related to disabilities; 50-plus Cambodian and Vietnamese Americans experience cognitive and
independent living difficulties. Yet many have lacked access to health care. Prior to the
implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), Asian Americans 50 to 64
years of age were more likely than average to live without health insurance. Almost 57% of those
needing to see a professional for mental health or substance abuse issues do not receive treatment.
While data capturing the impact of the ACA on these challenges are forthcoming, it is likely that the
ACA has reduced these disparities in access to care.
A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and Older (Los Angeles County) underscores the
importance of data disaggregated by ethnic group to understanding the challenges faced by Asian
American older adults in Los Angeles County and throughout the country. Greater investment
in quality data on other vulnerable Asian American older-adult populations such as lesbian,
gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) and homeless community members is needed.
5
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DEMOGRAPHICS
Population 50 Years & Older by Race &
Hispanic Origin
Los Angeles County 2010, Ranked by Population
• There are over 480,000 Asian American and over 11,000 Native Hawaiian and
Pacific Islander (NHPI) older adults living in Los Angeles County. Los Angeles
1
County has more older-adult Asian Americans than any other county nationwide.
Asian Americans are the third-largest racial group among those 50-plus, making
up 18% of all older adults countywide.
• Approximately 32% of Asian Americans and 21% of NHPI in Los Angeles County
2
are 50 years of age or older.
• Among older adults, almost 20% (296,413) of Asian Americans and almost 14% (7,379)
of NHPI in Los Angeles County are ages 50 to 64. Approximately 13% (187,483) of
Asian Americans and 7% (3,833) of NHPI are age 65 years and older. Almost 2%
3
(23,655) of Asian Americans and 1% (393) of NHPI are age 85 and older.
1
U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
2
Ibid.
3
Ibid.
DEMOGRAPHICS
Population Growth, 50 Years & Older
by Race and Hispanic Origin, Los Angeles County 2000 to 2010
Latino 60%
Asian American 56%
NHPI 50%
AIAN 38%
Total Population 28%
Black or African American 22%
White 7%
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
7
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DEMOGRAPHICS
Asian American Population Growth
by Age and Sex, Los Angeles County 2000 to 2010
80
70 Retirement
60
Approaching Retirement
50
40
30
20
10
Male Female
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
Refer to Appendix C for older-adult age-distribution tables.
4
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
5
California Department of Finance, 2014 Report P-3: Population Projections by Race/Ethnicity,
Detailed Age, and Gender, 2010–2060.
6
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
8
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DEMOGRAPHICS
Population 50 Years & Older by Ethnic Group
Los Angeles County 2010
9
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DEMOGRAPHICS
Population Growth, 50 Years & Older by Ethnic Group
Los Angeles County 2000 to 2010
Bangladeshi 448%
Fijian 144%
Pakistani 137%
Sri Lankan 93%
Laotian 85%
Cambodian 77%
Thai 73%
Vietnamese 67%
Indonesian 66%
Chinese (except Taiwanese)
63% Taiwanese 62% Indian
57%
Filipino 55%
Tongan 55%
Korean 54%
Hmong 53%
Malaysian 48%
Guamanian or Chamorro 41%
Samoan 31%
Native Hawaiian 29%
Total Population 28%
Japanese 15%
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
7
U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
8
Ibid.
10
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IMMIGRATION
Foreign-Born Population Age 50 Years & Older
Entering the United States in 2000 or Later
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013
Filipino 18%
Indian 17%
Chinese 15%
Asian American 15%
Korean 14%
Thai 12%
White 12%
Vietnamese 11%
Total Population 11%
Cambodian 10%
Black or African American 10%
Latino 7%
Japanese 5%
9
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
10
Ibid.
11
Ibid.
12
Ibid.
13
Ibid.
14
Ibid.
11
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LANGUAGE
Limited English Proficiency for the Population 50
Years & Older
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013
Cambodian 87%
Vietnamese 84%
Korean 84%
Chinese 74%
Thai 72%
Latino 63%
Asian American 62%
Filipino 41%
Indian 39%
Total Population 35%
Japanese 26%
White 11%
Black or African American 2%
15
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
16
Ibid.
17
Ibid.
18
Ibid.
19
Ibid.
12
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EDUCATION
Educational Attainment for the Population 50
Years & Older
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013,
Ranked by Percent Holding a High School Degree or Higher
Indian 83%
53%
Black or African American 86%
21%
86%
Korean 41%
91%
Filipino 54%
91%
White 40%
Japanese 93%
38%
20
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
13
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INCOME
Poverty & Low Income for Population
65 Years & Older*
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013, Ranked by Percent Low-Income
57%
Korean 24%
53%
Cambodian 23%
48%
Latino 16%
44%
Chinese 19%
43%
Vietnamese 15%
Black or 41%
African American 16%
39%
Asian American 15%
37%
Total Population 13%
31%
Thai 7%
28%
White 10%
28%
Japanese 8%
25%
Filipino 9%
25% Top: Low-income
Indian 9% Bottom: Poverty
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
Low-income: People who fall below 200% of the income-to-poverty ratio, or those with income for
the past 12 months that was less than twice the poverty threshold.
Poverty: A measure of income relative to the federal poverty threshold (the poverty line). Adjusted
for family size, the 2013 Census Bureau poverty threshold was $23,624 annually for a family of four
with two children under the age of 18.
*Low-income and poverty status was calculated for the 65-plus population due to economic
vulnerability at retirement age.
21
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
22
Ibid.
14
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INCOME
Population 65 Years & Older* Receiving
Supplemental Security Income
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013
Cambodian 35%
Vietnamese 34%
Chinese 23%
Korean 21%
Asian American
19% Indian
18% Filipino
17% Latino 12%
Black or African American 12%
Total Population 12%
White 9%
Thai 8%
Japanese 4%
23
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
24
Ibid.
25
Ibid.
26
Ibid.
15
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HOUSING
Population 50 Years & Older Who Are
Homeowners & Renters
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County
2009–2013 2009–2013
27
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
16
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HOUSING
Asian American older adults living alone are
almost four times more likely than those living
with others to be living in poverty.
• Older-adult Asian American households countywide are over twice as likely to
be multigenerational as White households. Approximately 7% of Asian
American 50-plus households are home to three generations, compared to
28
fewer than 3% of White households.
• Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County are less likely than average to live
alone. Approximately 10% of Asian Americans 50 years of age or older live alone
compared to 17% of the total population of that age. In contrast to the general trend
among Asian American ethnic groups, 21% of Japanese American older adults live
29
alone, a rate exceeded only by Blacks or African Americans and Whites.
• Among Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County, those living alone are
almost four times more likely than those living with others to be living in poverty.
Approximately 35% of older-adult Asian Americans living alone live below the
30
poverty line; 9% of those living with others live below the poverty line.
• Although fewer than 3% of Asian American older adults live with a nonrelative
roommate as a way of reducing housing expenses, 33% of those living in such
31
arrangements live below the poverty line.
28
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
29
Ibid.
30
Ibid.
31
Ibid.
17
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HOUSING
Homeowners: Percentage of Household Income
Spent on Housing Costs, 65 Years & Older*
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013,
Ranked by 30% or More Spent on Housing Costs
51%
Korean 29%
49%
Vietnamese 26%
48%
Black or African American 28%
39%
Filipino 20%
38%
Latino 20%
37%
Chinese 19%
37%
Thai 17%
36%
Asian American 19%
36%
Cambodian 29%
36%
Total Population 19%
32%
White 17%
32%
Indian 19%
25%
Japanese 13%
18
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HOUSING
Renters: Percentage of Household Income Spent on
Housing Costs, 65 Years & Older*
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013,
Ranked by 30% or More Spent on Housing Costs
80%
Cambodian 39%
71%
Japanese 44%
71%
White 46%
70%
Latino 42%
69%
Total Population 42%
68%
Black or African American 39%
67%
Chinese 38%
67%
Thai 37%
64%
Asian American 34%
63%
Indian 33%
63%
Korean 30%
62%
Vietnamese 38%
58%
Filipino 29%
19
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HEALTH
Health Conditions for Asian American
Population 50 Years & Older
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County
Diabetes* 19%
Asthma* 6%
‡
Stroke 4%
32
California Health Interview Survey, 2005.
33
California Health Interview Survey, 2011–2014.
34
Ibid.
35
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
36
Ibid.
20
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HEALTH
Uninsured
by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013,
Ranked by Percent Uninsured, Age 50–64
Korean 4% 51%
Latino 6% 37%
Thai 5% 32%
Asian American 3% 26%
Chinese 3% 26%
Vietnamese 3% 26%
Total Population 2% 24%
Cambodian 1% 23%
Indian 5% 20%
Black or African American 2% 18%
Filipino 3% 17%
White 1% 12%
Japanese 10% Top: 50–64
1% Bottom: 65+
37
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
38
Ibid.
21
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CONCLUSION
By 2040, Los Angeles County’s Asian American older-adult population is expected to increase
by 65%. Key to uncovering and understanding the challenges and issues that Asian American
50-plus communities are tackling on a daily basis is to have data—specifically disaggregated
data—on each ethnic group. With additional information, insights, and data about the
Asian American 50-plus population, we hope that the public will utilize these
resources to improve the lives of our revered elders.
To access this report online and for additional reports on Asian American communities,
please visit the AARP and Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles websites.
http://www.aarp.org/home-family/asian-community/
http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/demographics
22
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GLOSSARY
chronic health condition
A long-lasting health condition or disease.
disability
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, includes hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory,
self-care, or independent living difficulties.
linguistic isolation
Households that have no one age 14 and over who speaks English only or speaks English “very well.”
low-income
People who fall below 200% of the income-to-poverty ratio, or those with income for
the past 12 months that was less than twice the poverty threshold (e.g., the 2013
Census Bureau poverty threshold was $47,248 for a family of four with two children
under age 18). This measurement is used to determine eligibility for many needs-
based social services, including Social Security, Medicaid, and food stamps.
multigenerational household
A family household with three or more generations.
poverty
A measure of income relative to the federal poverty threshold (the poverty line). Adjusted
for family size, the 2010 Census Bureau poverty threshold was $22,113 annually for a
family of four with two children under the age of 18.
older adults
Persons age 50 years and over. Also referred to as 50-plus.
seniors
Persons age 65 years and over. Also referred to as 65-plus.
retirement income
Includes (1) retirement pensions and survivor benefits from a former employer; labor
union; federal, state, or local government; and the U.S. military; (2) disability income from
companies or unions; federal, state, or local government; and the U.S. military; (3)
periodic receipts from annuities and insurance; and (4) regular income from IRA and
Keogh plans. This does not include Social Security income.
Social Security
Includes Social Security pensions and survivor benefits, permanent disability insurance payments
made by the Social Security Administration prior to deductions for medical insurance.
unemployment rate
The percent of civilians age 16 or older who have been actively looking for work over
the previous four weeks but have yet to find a job.
23
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APPENDIX A
Population and Population Growth for the
Population 50 Years & Older
By Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County, 2000 to 2010,
Ranked by 2010 Population
2000 2010
%
% of % of Growth
Race and Hispanic % Total 50+ % Total 50+ 2000 to
Origin Number of Race Population Number of Race Population 2010
2000 2010
%
% of % of Growth
NHPI Ethnic % of Ethnic % of 2000 to
Ethnic Groups Number Group 50+ NHPI Number Group 50+ NHPI 2010
24
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APPENDIX A
2000 2010
%
% of % of Growth
Asian American Ethnic % of Ethnic % of 2000 to
Ethnic Groups Number Group 50+ AA Number Group 50+ AA 2010
Chinese
(except Taiwanese) 83,391 25% 27% 136,160 34% 28% 63%
Filipino 75,821 26% 24% 117,805 31% 24% 55%
Korean 49,064 25% 16% 75,392 33% 16% 54%
Japanese 45,933 33% 15% 52,756 38% 11% 15%
Vietnamese 17,065 19% 5% 28,560 27% 6% 67%
Indian 13,912 20% 4% 21,791 24% 5% 57%
Taiwanese 10,528 25% 3% 17,024 37% 4% 62%
Thai 5,744 24% 2% 9,952 33% 2% 73%
Cambodian 4,805 14% 2% 8,513 23% 2% 77%
Indonesian 2,005 18% 1% 3,323 26% 1% 66%
Pakistani 1,019 15% 0.3% 2,417 22% 0.5% 137%
Burmese NR NR NR 1,835 35% 0.4% NR
Sri Lankan 861 23% 0.3% 1,658 31% 0.3% 93%
Bangladeshi 183 8% 0.1% 1,003 19% 0.2% 448%
Laotian 470 13% 0.2% 870 21% 0.2% 85%
Malaysian 242 18% 0.1% 358 24% 0.1% 48%
Mongolian NR NR NR 173 11% 0.04% NR
Nepalese NR NR NR 170 14% 0.04% NR
Okinawan NR NR NR 116 32% 0.02% NR
Singaporean NR NR NR 103 25% 0.02% NR
Hmong 38 5% 0.01% 58 8% 0.01% 53%
Asian American Total 310,774 25% 100% 483,896 32% 100% 56%
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
NR = No report. Ethnic group did not meet 2000 Census population threshold for reporting.
25
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APPENDIX B
Population and Population Growth for the
Population 65 Years & Older
By Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County, 2000 to 2010,
Ranked by 2010 Population
2000 2010
%
Growth
Race and Hispanic % % of % % of 2000 to
Origin Number of Race Total 65+ Number of Race Total 65+ 2010
2000 2010
%
% of % of Growth
NHPI Ethnic % of Ethnic % of 2000 to
Ethnic Groups Number Group NHPI 65+ Number Group NHPI 65+ 2010
26
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APPENDIX B
2000 2010
%
% of % of Growth
Asian American Ethnic % of Ethnic % of 2000 to
Ethnic Groups Number Group AA 65+ Number Group AA 65+ 2010
Chinese
(except Taiwanese) 36,589 11% 29% 51,888 13% 28% 42%
Filipino 28,547 10% 23% 43,854 12% 23% 54%
Korean 17,829 9% 14% 31,221 14% 17% 75%
Japanese 24,648 18% 20% 26,309 19% 14% 7%
Vietnamese 5,807 7% 5% 9,719 9% 5% 67%
Indian 3,993 6% 3% 7,498 8% 4% 88%
Taiwanese 3,293 8% 3% 5,857 13% 3% 78%
Thai 925 4% 1% 2,654 9% 1% 187%
Cambodian 1,534 5% 1% 2,601 7% 1% 70%
Indonesian 685 6% 1% 1,138 9% 1% 66%
Pakistani 280 4% 0.2% 663 6% 0.4% 137%
Burmese NR NR NR 621 12% 0.3% NR
Sri Lankan 265 7% 0.2% 564 10% 0.3% 113%
Laotian 170 5% 0.1% 258 6% 0.1% 52%
Bangladeshi 54 2% 0.04% 244 5% 0.1% 352%
Malaysian 86 6% 0.1% 101 7% 0.1% 17%
Mongolian NR NR NR 58 4% 0.03% NR
Okinawan NR NR NR 42 12% 0.02% NR
Nepalese NR NR NR 30 2% 0.02% NR
Singaporean NR NR NR 15 4% 0.01% NR
Hmong 10 1% 0.01% 13 2% 0.01% 30%
Asian American Total 125,039 10% 100% 187,483 13% 100% 50%
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
NR = No report. Ethnic group did not meet 2000 Census population threshold for reporting.
27
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APPENDIX C
Age Distribution for the Population 50 Years & Older
By Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County, 2010,
Ranked by 50—64 Population
50 – 64 65 – 84 85+
Race and Hispanic % of % of % of
Origin Number Race Number Race Number Race
50 – 64 65 – 84 85+
% of % of % of
Asian American Ethnic Ethnic Ethnic
Ethnic Group Number Group Number Group Number Group
Chinese (except Taiwanese) 84,272 21% 44,323 11% 7,565 2%
Filipino 73,951 20% 39,352 11% 4,502 1%
Korean 44,171 19% 28,091 12% 3,130 1%
Japanese 26,447 19% 21,062 15% 5,247 4%
Vietnamese 18,841 18% 8,749 8% 970 1%
Indian 14,293 16% 6,963 8% 535 1%
Taiwanese 11,167 24% 5,266 11% 591 1%
Thai 7,298 24% 2,511 8% 143 0.5%
Cambodian 5,912 16% 2,315 6% 286 1%
Indonesian 2,185 17% 1,020 8% 118 1%
Pakistani 1,754 16% 631 6% 32 0.3%
Burmese 1,214 23% 552 11% 69 1%
Sri Lankan 1,094 20% 530 10% 34 1%
Bangladeshi 759 15% 234 5% 10 0.2%
Laotian 612 15% 221 5% 37 1%
Malaysian 257 17% 95 6% 6 0.4%
Nepalese 140 11% 30 2% 0 0%
Mongolian 115 7% 51 3% 7 0.5%
Singaporean 88 21% 15 4% 0 0%
Okinawan 74 20% 38 10% 4 1%
Hmong 45 6% 10 1% 3 0.4%
Asian American Total 296,413 20% 163,818 11% 23,665 2%
28
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APPENDIX C
50 – 64 65 – 84 85+
NHPI Ethnic Group % of % of % of
Number Race Number Race Number Race
Native Hawaiian 1,715 13% 881 7% 71 1%
Samoan 1,708 10% 708 4% 50 0.3%
Guamanian or Chamorro 706 12% 256 4% 27 0.4%
Tongan 395 12% 147 5% 9 0.3%
Fijian 239 18% 81 6% 4 0.3%
Tahitian 29 10% 19 7% 2 1%
Palauan 17 17% 0 0% 0 0%
NHPI Total 7,379 14% 3,440 6% 393 1%
29
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APPENDIX D
Selected Population Characteristics
Los Angeles County, 2010
Has SupplementaI
Foreign Born % High School Degree Bachelor’s Degree Security Income
(50+) LEP (50+) or Higher (50+) or Higher (50+) (65+)
Asian Asian
American 89% Latino 63% Latino 45% Latino 8% American 19%
Asian Asian Black or
Latino 74% American 62% American 80% African American 21% Latino 12%
Black or Black or
White 21% White 11% African American 86% White 40% African American 12%
Black or Black or Asian
African American 8% African American 2% White 91% American 40% White 9%
Total 50+ Total 50+ Total 50+ Total 50+ Total 50+
Population 48% Population 35% Population 74% Population 28% Population 12%
Has SupplementaI
Foreign Born % High School Degree Bachelor’s Degree Security Income
(50+) LEP (50+) or Higher (50+) or Higher (50+) (65+)
Vietnamese 99% Cambodian 87% Cambodian 43% Cambodian 10% Cambodian 35%
Cambodian 99% Vietnamese 84% Vietnamese 54% Vietnamese 17% Vietnamese 34%
Korean 97% Korean 84% Chinese 72% Thai 34% Chinese 23%
Thai 97% Chinese 74% Thai 78% Chinese 36% Korean 21%
Indian 96% Thai 72% Indian 83% Japanese 38% Indian 18%
Filipino 95% Filipino 41% Korean 86% Korean 41% Filipino 17%
Chinese 93% Indian 39% Filipino 91% Indian 53% Thai 8%
Japanese 32% Japanese 26% Japanese 93% Filipino 54% Japanese 4%
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APPENDIX D
Multigenerational
Low Income (65+) Below Poverty (65+) Homeowner % (50+) Household (50+)
Black or
Latino 48% Latino 16% African American 47% Latino 16%
Black or Black or Black or
African American 41% African American 16% Latino 55% African American 8%
Asian American 39% Asian American 15% Asian American 62% Asian American 7%
Multigenerational
Low Income (65+) Below Poverty (65+) Homeowner % (50+) Household (50+)
U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.
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APPENDIX E
Top 50 Cities for Asian American Population 50
Years & Older
Los Angeles County, 2000 to 2010,
Ranked by 2010 Population
2000 2010
% of % of
Total 50+ % Total 50+ % %
City Number Population of AA Number Population of AA Growth
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APPENDIX E
2000 2010
% of % of
Total 50+ % Total 50+ % %
City Number Population of AA Number Population of AA Growth
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
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APPENDIX F
Top 50 Cities for NHPI Population
50 Years & Older
Los Angeles County, 2000 to 2010,
Ranked by 2010 Population
2000 2010
% of % of
Total 50+ % of Total 50+ % of %
City Number Population NHPI Number Population NHPI Growth
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APPENDIX F
2000 2010
% of % of
Total 50+ % of Total 50+ % of %
City Number Population NHPI Number Population NHPI Growth
U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.
NR = No report. Ethnic group did not meet 2000 Census population threshold for reporting.
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APPENDIX G
Top 5 Cities for Asian American and NHPI Ethnic
Group Populations 50 Years & Older
Los Angeles County, 2010,
Ranked by 2010 Population within Each Ethnic Group
Filipino Laotian
Indian Pakistani
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APPENDIX G
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TECHNICAL
NOTES
Sources of data used in this report
Most of the data included in this report are drawn from the United States Census Bureau,
including the 2010 Census, 2000 Census, and American Community Survey (ACS)
Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) 2009–2013 5-Year Estimates.
The ACS PUMS 2009–2013 5-Year Estimates file was a major source of data used in this report.
The file includes the full range of responses for a subsample of the ACS, with each record
representing a single person in the persons-level data set or a single household in the household-
level data set. The 2013 ACS PUMS file contains data on approximately five percent of the
population in Los Angeles County. This subsample allows for more specific cross-tabulations not
available on American Factfinder, making it possible to explore numerous characteristics for the
older-adult Asian American population in Los Angeles County.
Other data included in the report include the California Department of Finance’s 2014 Population
Projections and data from California Health Interview Survey.
Measurement of Race and Ethnicity
Since 2000, the United States Census Bureau has allowed those responding to its questionnaires
to report one or more racial or ethnic backgrounds. While this better reflects America’s diversity
and improves data available on multiracial populations, it complicates the use of data on racial
and ethnic groups.
Data on race are generally available from the Census Bureau in two forms, for those of a single
racial background (referred to as “alone”), with multiracial people captured in an independent
category, and for those of either single or multiple racial backgrounds (referred to as “alone or in
combination with one or more other races”). Similarly, data on ethnic groups are generally available
as “alone” or “alone or in any combination.” While “alone or in any combination” data provide the
most comprehensive measurement of population, population growth, and population characteristics,
they are not available in all data sources.
In this report, population and population growth by racial and ethnic group in the
demographics section are measured for the “alone or in combination” population. Exceptions
include the measurement of the White population, which is defined here as non-Hispanic
White “alone,” while LATINO is used to refer to Hispanics or Latinos.
For population characteristics relying on the American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use
Microdata Sample (PUMS) 2009–2013 5-Year data, racial and ethnic groups are measured using
the single racial background (“alone”) due to coding limitations in race variables. The White
population is defined as non-Hispanic White “alone,” and LATINO is used to refer to Hispanics or
Latinos. Older-adult households by race, Hispanic origin, and ethnic group were defined based
on individuals designated as the householder on the survey questionnaire.
For population projection data from the California Department of Finance and health data from
California Health Interview Survey, racial groups are defined as “alone, not Hispanic or Latino.”
LATINO is defined as “Hispanic or Latino of any race.”
Data Limitations
In using the ACS PUMS file to carry out small group and small geography analysis, sample size
constraints and larger margins of error limited which racial groups and Asian American ethnic groups
could be explored. This resulted in the exclusion of Native Americans and Alaska Natives (AIAN) and
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) racial groups and limited Asian American ethnic group data
to Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Indian, Japanese, Korean, Thai, and Vietnamese Americans.
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