1. Initially, a tank contain 500 kg of salt solution containing 10 % salt.

A stream enters at
constant flow rate of 10 kg/h containing 20 % salt. A stream leaves at a constant rate 5 kg/h.
The tank is well stirred. Derive an equation relating the weight fraction wA of the salt in the
tank at any time t in hours.

A 10 kg/ min

, C1

10%
500 kg

2, C2
5 kg/ min

Neraca Massa Total

Acc = input output
t = 0 C = 0,2 ; m = 500 kg

dm
dt =105= 5 dt

m = 5t + K
t=0
m = 500 kg
m = 5t + K
500 = 5(0) + K1
K1 = 500
m = 5t + 500

dm.c
10C1 5C 2
dt

d ( m)
dC
m
2 5C
dt
dt

C(5) + (5t + 500)

dC
dt

= 2 5C

dC
dt

2 10C 5t 500

dt
5 t+500

dC
210 C =

1
10

ln (2 10C) = ln (5t + 500) + K2

t = 0 C = 0,1

1
10

ln 1 = ln (5(0) + 500) + K2

K2 = - ln 500

1
10

ln (2 10C) = ln (5t + 500) + (-ln 500)

Ln (2 10C)-1/10= ln

5t 500
500

2 10C = (0,01t +1)-10

2 (0,01t 1)
10

-10

=C

2. A well stirred storage vessel contains 10000 kg of solution of a dilute methanol solution ( wA =
0.05 mass fraction alcohol). A constant flow of 500 kg/min of pure water is suddenly
introduced into the tank, and a constant rate of withdrawal of 500 kg/min of solution is
started. These two flow are continued & remain constant. Assuming that the densities of the
solutions are the same and that the total contents of the tank remain constant at 10000 kg of
solution, calculate the time for the alcohol to drop to 1.0 wt%.

A 500 kg/ min

, C1

10000 kg
XA 0,05

500 kg/ min

2, C2

Neraca Massa Total

Acc = input output

d ( m)
V1 V 2 0
dt

d ( V )
500 1 500 2
dt

dV
0
dt

Neraca Massa Alkohol

Acc = input output

d
(VC ) 500C1 500C 2
dt
dC 2
dC 2
500C 2
0,05C 2 10000
dt
dt

dC 2
dt = 0,05 dt

ln C2 = ln 0,05 t + ln K
ln C2 = ln K
C2 = K

e0,05 t

e0,05 t

t= 0 ; C2 = 0,05
0,05 = K

e0,05(0)

0,05 = K. 1
K = 0,05
C2 = 0,05

0,05 t

t saat C2 0,01
0,01

= 0,05 .

0,05 t

e-0,05 t . 5 = 1
e0,05 t = 5
ln ( e

0,05 t

= ln 5

0,05 t = ln 5

ln 5

t 0,05

= 32,18 min

1. Initially, a tank contain 500 kg of salt solution containing 10 % salt. A stream enters at
constant flow rate of 10 kg/h containing 20 % salt. A stream leaves at a constant rate 5 kg/h.
The tank is well stirred. Derive an equation relating the weight fraction wA of the salt in the
tank at any time t in hours

A 500 kg/ min

, C1

10000 kg
XA 0,05

2, C2
500 kg/ min

3. A storage vessel is well stirred and contains 500 kg of total solution with concentration 5%
salt. A constant flow rate of 900 kg/h of salt solution containing 16.67 % salt is suddenly
introduced into the tank and a constant withdrawal rate 600 kg/h is also started. These two
flows remain constant thereafter. Derive an equation relating the outlet withdrawal
concentration as function of time. Also, calculate the concentration after 2.0 h.
Neraca Massa Total

dm dm1 dm0

dt
dt
dt
dm
900kg / h 600kg / h
dt

dm
300kg / h
dt
m

500

.............................. (1)

dm 300dt

m-500 = 300t + k1
m = 300t + 500 k1 ............................ ..............(2)
t=0
k1 = 0
m = 500
Neraca Massa Garam

dmC
0,1667 x900 600C
dt

dmC Cdm

150,03 600C
dt
dt
(300 500)

dC
C 300 150,03 600C
dt

dC 150,03 900C

dt
300t 500
m

dC
dt
500150,03 900C 0 300t 500

1
1
ln( 150,03 900C )
ln( 300 500)
900
300

t = 0 ; C= 0,015

k2

1
1
ln( 150,03 900C )
ln( 300 500)
900
300

k2

1
1
ln( 105,03)
ln( 800)
900
300

1
105,03 900
1
300 500
ln(
)
ln(
)
900
105,03
300
500

ln ( 1,428 8,56 C) = ln (0,6t + 1)-3

1,428 8,56 C = (0,6t + 1)-3
8,56 C = 1,428 (0,6t + 1)-3

C 0,1667

1
8,56(0,6 1) 3

t = 2 jam

C 0,1667

1
8,56(0,62 1)3

C = 0,1667 0,0109
C = 0,1557